EP0624225A1 - Multi-arm stabilizer for a drilling or boring device. - Google Patents

Multi-arm stabilizer for a drilling or boring device.

Info

Publication number
EP0624225A1
EP0624225A1 EP94900655A EP94900655A EP0624225A1 EP 0624225 A1 EP0624225 A1 EP 0624225A1 EP 94900655 A EP94900655 A EP 94900655A EP 94900655 A EP94900655 A EP 94900655A EP 0624225 A1 EP0624225 A1 EP 0624225A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
pistons
drilling
arm
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94900655A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0624225B1 (en
Inventor
Mario V Murer
Rene L Deschutter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baroid Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Baroid Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baroid Technology Inc filed Critical Baroid Technology Inc
Publication of EP0624225A1 publication Critical patent/EP0624225A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0624225B1 publication Critical patent/EP0624225B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well

Definitions

  • Multi-arm stabilizer in a drilling or coring device
  • the present invention relates to a control of at least two stabilization arms in a drilling or coring device 5, in particular of stabilization arms in a drilling or coring head, each arm being offset relative to the other on the periphery of the head and having one end pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the axis of the head
  • control comprises, per arm, a piston arranged to pivot the arm around the above axis so that the free excretion of the arm occupies two extreme positions, a first so-called rest position in which the arm is housed in the head and a second so-called active position in which said free end projects relative to this head, control means and
  • synchronization means being arranged respectively to move the pistons from the storm fluid and so that the pistons act substantially simultaneously in the same direction and at the same amplitude.
  • a separate control for each arm makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the piston so as to be able to accommodate the latter in said drilling head and connect it directly to the arm concerned.
  • the longitudinal axes of the pistons are tangent to a fictitious cylinder coaxial with the head, and preferably they are included in at least one plane transverse to the axis of the drilling head.
  • the piston control means comprise an annular piston, coaxial with the head, arranged to be able to be moved along their common axis in a cylinder formed in the head, the annular piston being profiled , on the one hand, to be actuated by the drilling fluid and, on the other hand, to act on a fluid which actuates each of the aforementioned pistons and which is contained in the cylinder in communication with the chambers of the pistons.
  • the drilling fluid only comes into contact with a minimum of elements constituting the control and this reduces or excludes the risk of blocking and wear of the control by component materials. this drilling fluid or carried by it.
  • Figure 1 shows, with broken, in longitudinal section along the broken line II of Figure 2, a drill head equipped with the arm control according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is on another scale a cross section of the control of Figure 1, along the line II-II.
  • the figures illustrate a control 1 of three stabilization arms 2 arranged by way of example in a drilling head 3.
  • the three arms 2 evenly distributed over the periphery of the head 3 are located at the same level thereof relative to the anterior end of the head 3 following its progression in a hole being drilled.
  • a person skilled in the art can easily conceive of other distributions of the arms 2 both on the periphery of the head 3 and along the longitudinal axis 4 thereof.
  • each arm 2 is mounted at one of its ends in the drilling head 3, so as to be able to pivot around a pivot 5 with an axis 6 parallel to the longitudi ⁇ nal axis 4, so that the opposite end 7 of the arm 2 is located behind the pivot axis 6 relative to the direction of rotation 77 ( Figure 2) of the head 3 during drilling.
  • the control 1 comprises for each stabilization arm 2 a piston 8 which is arranged in a suitable chamber 9 and which is arranged to rotate the corresponding arm 2 around its axis 6, between two extreme positions. In a first extreme so-called rest position shown in the figures, the arm 2 is housed in the head 3 or at least inside a cylinder coaxial with the head 3 and passing through the point or points thereof.
  • each arm 2 has at its end 7, for connection to the corresponding piston 8, a T-shaped groove extending substantially from the end 7 towards the pivot 5 in the face facing the piston 8.
  • the piston 8 From its side the piston 8 has a rod 80 whose free end has a T-profile adapted to the T-groove, the branches 81 of the T-profile being biconvexly curved to allow articulation with limited clearance of the T-profile in said groove during movement of the arm 2 by the piston 8.
  • the longitudinal axes 12 of the pistons 8 are tangent to a fictitious cylinder coaxial with the head 3 and the three axes 12 are advantageously understood, at least in the case of the illustrated embodiment in the figures, in the plane of the section of FIG. 2, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4.
  • a second group (not shown) of three pistons 3 could be arranged in the same head 3 so that their axes 12 are also in another plane parallel to the plane of the above section.
  • the drilling fluid can act directly on the pistons 3. However, as already mentioned above and as will appear clearly below, it is preferable that the drilling fluid acts indirectly, at least on one side, on the pistons 8.
  • control means comprise an annular piston 13 of the same axis 4 as the head 3 and arranged in a cylinder 14 formed in the latter.
  • the displacement of the annular piston 13 is delimited for example by two suitable circlips 15 arranged in the cylinder 14.
  • the annular piston 13 comprises a hollow guide rod 16 and is equipped on its external surface with two annular seals 17 and 18 of which the sheet is explained below.
  • the annular piston 13 has an axial passage 20 arranged for the flow of the drilling fluid to the various nozzles of the drilling head 3.
  • the inlet of this passage 20 in the direction of flow of the drilling fluid (arrow 19) is a frustoconical surface
  • the frustoconical surface 21 and the end face 22 of the annular piston 13 situated upstream are intended to receive the drilling fluid pressure which passes through the annular piston 13 .
  • the annular piston 13 also has an annular surface 23, for example parallel to the end face 22, which is located opposite this face
  • the cylin ⁇ dre 14 and the chambers 9 of the pistons 8 are in communication so that the hydraulic oil pressed out of said cylinder 14 causes the displacement of each piston 8 to rotate each arm 2 to an active position.
  • the annular seals 17 and 18 prevent hydraulic oil from escaping into the drilling fluid due to the pressure communicated to it.
  • the above-mentioned synchronization means 11 preferably comprise, according to the invention, a mesh 24, for example cut in one piece in each piston 8 and meshing with a toothed ring 25 coaxial with the drilling head 3.
  • the ring gear 25 is mounted in a sealed chamber 26 which is in the extension of the cylinder 14, on the downstream side of the latter relative to the flow of the drilling fluid.
  • the ring gear 25 then rotates freely around the piston rod 16, which acts as a pivot, depending on the displacement of the pistons 8.
  • the ring gear 25 is located axially on the one hand by a ring 27 stopped by one of the above-mentioned circlips 15, located on the downstream side of the cylinder 14, and on the other hand by the bottom of the chamber 26 located on the downstream side thereof.
  • the O-ring seal 17 is located on the piston rod 16 downstream from the bottom of the chamber 26 in a bore suitable for the sealed guide of this piston rod 16.
  • the aforementioned hydraulic oil then also fills the chamber 26 and serves of lubricant for the rotation and for the meshing of the ring gear 25.
  • the chamber 26 establishes for oil the communication between the cylinder 14 and the bottoms of the chambers 9, on the side opposite to the rods 80 of the pistons 8.
  • each piston 8 is entirely subjected to the action of hydraulic oil, that is to say that, for example a conduit 27 is formed through the piston 8 (FIG. 2, piston of right) so that the hydraulic oil is present on both sides of the piston 8 in the chamber 9 and, by the operating clearance, on the lateral face of the piston 8.
  • a conduit 27 is formed through the piston 8 (FIG. 2, piston of right) so that the hydraulic oil is present on both sides of the piston 8 in the chamber 9 and, by the operating clearance, on the lateral face of the piston 8.
  • This chamber 9 is sealed relative to the exterior of the drilling head 3 by a closing flange
  • each piston 8 comprises around its rod 80, of cross section smaller than the corresponding section of the piston 8, a return spring 31 of determined force.
  • This spring 31 bears on the flange 28 to push the piston 8 into the rest position when the pressure of the drilling fluid is not sufficient to overcome the force of this spring 31.
  • the drilling fluid has at the place of its flow upstream of the annular piston 13 a pressure greater than that of the place of its flow in the drilled hole, between drilling head 3 and hole wall.
  • This pressure difference applied to the frustoconical surface 21 and to the end face 22 causes the annular piston 13 to move in the direction of arrow 19 y from the rest position shown in the figures.
  • the annular piston 13 drives out the hydraulic oil, contained in the cylinder 14, towards the three chambers 9 via the chamber 26.
  • the quantity of oil thus expelled repels each of the pistons 8 out of their chambers 9 towards the outside of the drilling head 3, the oil located on the side of the rods 80 in the chambers 9 being sent automatically to the bottoms side of the chambers 9 via the conduits 27, to add to the quantity of expelled oil and to bring out the pistons 8 all the more.
  • the pistons 8 push the corresponding arms 2 until these are in contact with the wall of the drilled hole.
  • the toothed ring 25 and the racks 24 are arranged so that in this movement the three arms move simultaneously and of the same amplitude so that by taking all three presses on said wall they maintain or bring back the drilling head 3 in the axis of the hole.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

Commande (1) d'au moins deux bras de stabilisation (2) dans un dispositif de forage ou de carottage, en particulier de bras de stabilisation (2) dans une tête de forage ou de carottage, chaque bras ayant une extrémité montée à pivotement autour d'un axe (6) parallèle à l'axe (4) de la tête de forage, comprenant, par bras (2), un piston (8) agencé pour faire pivoter le bras (2) autour de l'axe (6) susdit afin qu'il occupe deux positions extrêmes, une première position où il est logé dans la tête et une seconde position où il fait saillie par rapport à cette tête, des moyens de commande (10) et des moyens de synchronisation (11) étant agencés respectivement pour déplacer les pistons (8) à partir du fluide de forage et pour que les pistons (8) agissent sensiblement simultanément dans un même sens et suivant une même amplitude.Control (1) of at least two stabilization arms (2) in a drilling or coring device, in particular stabilization arm (2) in a drilling or coring head, each arm having one end mounted to pivot around an axis (6) parallel to the axis (4) of the drilling head, comprising, by arm (2), a piston (8) arranged to rotate the arm (2) around the axis ( 6) above so that it occupies two extreme positions, a first position where it is housed in the head and a second position where it protrudes relative to this head, control means (10) and synchronization means (11) ) being respectively arranged to move the pistons (8) from the drilling fluid and so that the pistons (8) act substantially simultaneously in the same direction and with the same amplitude.

Description

Stabilisateur à plusieurs bras dans un dispositif de forage ou de carottageMulti-arm stabilizer in a drilling or coring device
La présente invention concerne une commande d'au moins deux bras de stabilisation dans un dispositif 5 de forage ou de carottage, en particulier de bras de stabilisation dans une tête de forage ou de carottage, chaque bras étant décalé par rapport à l'autre sur la périphérie de la tête et ayant une extrémité montée à pivotement autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe de la têteThe present invention relates to a control of at least two stabilization arms in a drilling or coring device 5, in particular of stabilization arms in a drilling or coring head, each arm being offset relative to the other on the periphery of the head and having one end pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the axis of the head
10 de forage de manière à ce que l'extrémité libre du bras soit située en amont dudit axe de pivotement par rapport au sens de rotation de la tête en cours de forage.10 drilling so that the free end of the arm is located upstream of said pivot axis relative to the direction of rotation of the head during drilling.
L'utilisation de stabilisateurs à plusieurs bras de stabilisation, commandés par le fluide de forageThe use of stabilizers with several stabilization arms, controlled by the drilling fluid
15 est courante dans le métier. Cependant des améliorations sont nécessaires pour, par exemple, rendre plus compacte la commande des bras, lorsqu'elle doit être intégrée dans une tête de forage ou de carottage, et pour réduire le nombre de pièces mécaniques utilisées dans cette15 is common in the art. However, improvements are necessary to, for example, make the control of the arms more compact, when it must be integrated in a drilling or coring head, and to reduce the number of mechanical parts used in this.
20 commande afin d'en diminuer le coût et d'en augmenter la fiabilité.20 control in order to reduce the cost and increase reliability.
A cet effet, suivant l'invention, la com¬ mande comprend, par bras, un piston agencé pour faire pivoter le bras autour de l'axe susdit afin que l'excré- 25 mité libre du bras occupe deux positions extrêmes, une première position dite de repos dans laquelle le bras est logé dans la tête et une seconde position dite active dans laquelle ladite extrémité libre fait saillie par rapport à cette tête, des moyens de commande et desTo this end, according to the invention, the control comprises, per arm, a piston arranged to pivot the arm around the above axis so that the free excretion of the arm occupies two extreme positions, a first so-called rest position in which the arm is housed in the head and a second so-called active position in which said free end projects relative to this head, control means and
30 moyens de synchronisation étant agencés respectîveπent pour déplacer les pistons à partir du fluide de t orage et pour que les pistons agissent sensiblement simultané¬ ment dans un même sens et suivant une même amplitude.30 synchronization means being arranged respectively to move the pistons from the storm fluid and so that the pistons act substantially simultaneously in the same direction and at the same amplitude.
Une commande séparée pour chaque bras permet de réduire les dimensions du piston pour pouvoir loger ce dernier dans ladite tète de forage et le raccorder directement au bras concerné.A separate control for each arm makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the piston so as to be able to accommodate the latter in said drilling head and connect it directly to the arm concerned.
Suivant une forme avantageuse de 1 ' inven¬ tion, les axes longitudinaux des pistons sont tangents à un cylindre fictif coaxial à la tête, et de préférence ils sont compris dans au moins un plan transversal à l'axe de la tète de forage.According to an advantageous form of the invention, the longitudinal axes of the pistons are tangent to a fictitious cylinder coaxial with the head, and preferably they are included in at least one plane transverse to the axis of the drilling head.
Suivant une forme particulièrement avanta¬ geuse de l'invention, les moyens de commande des pistons comprennent un piston annulaire, coaxial à la tête, agencé pour pouvoir être déplacé suivant leur axe commun dans un cylindre formé dans la tête, le piston annulaire étant profilé, d'une part, pour être actionné par le fluide de forage et, d'autre part, pour agir sur un fluide qui actionne chacun des pistons susdits et qui est contenu dans le cylindre en communication avec les chambres des pistons.According to a particularly advantageous form of the invention, the piston control means comprise an annular piston, coaxial with the head, arranged to be able to be moved along their common axis in a cylinder formed in the head, the annular piston being profiled , on the one hand, to be actuated by the drilling fluid and, on the other hand, to act on a fluid which actuates each of the aforementioned pistons and which is contained in the cylinder in communication with the chambers of the pistons.
De cette manière, le fluide de forage n'entre en contact qu'avec un minimum d'éléments consti¬ tutifs de la commande et cela réduit ou exclut le risque d'un blocage et d'une usure de la commande par des matières composant ce fluide de forage ou véhiculées par celui-ci.In this way, the drilling fluid only comes into contact with a minimum of elements constituting the control and this reduces or excludes the risk of blocking and wear of the control by component materials. this drilling fluid or carried by it.
D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description des dessins annexés au présent mémoire et qui illustrent, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme de réalisation particulière de la commande suivant l'invention.Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description of the drawings annexed to this specification and which illustrate, by way of nonlimiting example, a particular embodiment of the control according to the invention.
La figure 1 montre, avec brisures, en coupe longitudinale suivant la ligne brisée I-I de la figure 2, une tête de forage équipée de la commande de bras suivant l'invention. La figure 2 est à une autre échelle une coupe transversale de la commande de la figure 1, suivant la ligne II-II.Figure 1 shows, with broken, in longitudinal section along the broken line II of Figure 2, a drill head equipped with the arm control according to the invention. Figure 2 is on another scale a cross section of the control of Figure 1, along the line II-II.
Dans les différentes figures, les mêmes notations de référence désignent des éléments identiques ou analogues.In the various figures, the same reference notations designate identical or analogous elements.
Les figures illustrent une commande 1 de trois bras de stabilisation 2 disposés à titre d'exemple dans ' une tête de forage 3. Pour la facilité de la représentation graphique, les trois bras 2 réqulièrement répartis sur la périphérie de la tête 3 sont situés à un même niveau de celle-ci par rapport à l'extrémité antérieure de la tête 3 suivant sa progression dans un trou en cours de forage. L'homme de métier peut aisément concevoir d'autres répartitions des bras 2 tant sur le pourtour de la tête 3 que le long de l'axe longitudinal 4 de celle-ci.The figures illustrate a control 1 of three stabilization arms 2 arranged by way of example in a drilling head 3. For ease of graphical representation, the three arms 2 evenly distributed over the periphery of the head 3 are located at the same level thereof relative to the anterior end of the head 3 following its progression in a hole being drilled. A person skilled in the art can easily conceive of other distributions of the arms 2 both on the periphery of the head 3 and along the longitudinal axis 4 thereof.
Chaque bras 2 est monté à une de ses extré¬ mités dans la tête de forage 3, pour pouvoir pivoter autour d'un pivot 5 d'axe 6 parallèle à l'axe longitudi¬ nal 4, de manière que l'extrémité opposée 7 du bras 2 soit située en arrière de l'axe de pivotement 6 par rapport au sens de rotation 77 (figure 2) de la tête 3 en cours de forage. Suivant l'invention, la commande 1 comprend pour chaque bras de stabilisation 2 un piston 8 qui est disposé dans une chambre 9 appropriée et qui est agencé pour faire pivoter le bras 2 correspondant autour de son axe 6, entre deux positions extrêmes. Dans une première position extrême dite de repos et représentée aux figures, le bras 2 est logé dans la tête 3 ou au moins à l'intérieur d'un cylindre coaxial à la tête 3 et passant par le ou les points de celle-ci les plus écartés de l'axe longitudinal 4. Dans la seconde posi- tion extrême (non représentée) dite active, les .bras 2 font saillie de la tête 3 d'une valeur maximale détermi- née par la course de chaque piston 8 , cette course étant la même pour les trois pistons 8. En cours de forage, comme on le sait, les trois bras 2 font saillie de la tête 3, pour prendre appui contre la paroi du trou foré, dans une position active intermédiaire aux deux posi¬ tions extrêmes ci-dessus. Avantageusement suivant les figures, chaque bras 2 comporte à son extrémité 7, pour la liaison au piston 8 correspondant, une rainure en T s 'étendant sensiblement de l'extrémité 7 vers le pivot 5 dans la face tournée vers le piston 8. De son côté le piston 8 présente une tige 80 dont l'extrémité libre présente un profil en T adapté à la rainure en T, les branches 81 du profil en T étant bombées de façon biconvexe pour permettre une articulation à jeu limité du profil en T dans ladite rainure lors d'un déplacement du bras 2 par le piston 8.Each arm 2 is mounted at one of its ends in the drilling head 3, so as to be able to pivot around a pivot 5 with an axis 6 parallel to the longitudi¬ nal axis 4, so that the opposite end 7 of the arm 2 is located behind the pivot axis 6 relative to the direction of rotation 77 (Figure 2) of the head 3 during drilling. According to the invention, the control 1 comprises for each stabilization arm 2 a piston 8 which is arranged in a suitable chamber 9 and which is arranged to rotate the corresponding arm 2 around its axis 6, between two extreme positions. In a first extreme so-called rest position shown in the figures, the arm 2 is housed in the head 3 or at least inside a cylinder coaxial with the head 3 and passing through the point or points thereof. further away from the longitudinal axis 4. In the second extreme position (not shown) called active, the arms 2 protrude from the head 3 by a determined maximum value. born by the stroke of each piston 8, this stroke being the same for the three pistons 8. During drilling, as is known, the three arms 2 protrude from the head 3, to bear against the wall of the drilled hole , in an active intermediate position at the two extreme positions above. Advantageously according to the figures, each arm 2 has at its end 7, for connection to the corresponding piston 8, a T-shaped groove extending substantially from the end 7 towards the pivot 5 in the face facing the piston 8. From its side the piston 8 has a rod 80 whose free end has a T-profile adapted to the T-groove, the branches 81 of the T-profile being biconvexly curved to allow articulation with limited clearance of the T-profile in said groove during movement of the arm 2 by the piston 8.
De préférence la commande 1 comporte des moyens de commande 10 décrits ci-après, pour déplacer chacun des pistons 8 à partir de la différence de pression dans le fluide de forage, entre deux endroits dans l'écoulement de ce fluide, et des moyens de syn¬ chronisation 11 des pistons 8 pour que ceux-ci soient déplacés simultanément d'une même amplitude et dans un même sens entre position de repos et position active de façon à maintenir aussi coaxiale que possible la tête de forage 3 dans le trou en cours de forage, même en cas d'un manque de circularité de ce trou, et de façon à s'opposer aux forces latérales connues auxquelles est soumise la tête 3 en cours de forage. Suivant une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, les axes longitudinaux 12 des pistons 8 sont tangents à un cylindre fictif coaxial à la tète 3 et les trois axes 12 sont avantageusement compris, au moins dans le cas de l'exemple de réalisation illustré aux figures, dans le plan de la coupe de la figure 2, perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal 4. Par exemple un second groupe (non représenté) de trois pistons 3 pourrait être agencé dans la même tête 3 pour que leurs axes 12 soient aussi dans un autre plan parallèle au plan de la coupe susdite. Le fluide de forage peut agir directement sur les pistons 3. Cependant comme déjà mentionné ci- dessus et comme cela apparaîtra clairement ci-dessous, il est préférable que le fluide de forage agisse indi¬ rectement, au moins d'un côté, sur les pistons 8. A cet effet, les moyens de commande comportent un piston annulaire 13 de même axe 4 que la tête 3 et agencé dans un cylindre 14 formé dans cette dernière. Le déplacement du piston annulaire 13 est délimité par exemple par deux circlips 15 appropriés disposés dans le cylindre 14. Le piston annulaire 13 comporte une tige de guidage 16 creuse et est équipé sur sa surface externe de deux joints d'étanchéité annulaires 17 et 18 dont le tôle est expliqué ci-après.Preferably, the control 1 comprises control means 10 described below, for moving each of the pistons 8 from the pressure difference in the drilling fluid, between two places in the flow of this fluid, and means for synchronization 11 of the pistons 8 so that they are moved simultaneously by the same amplitude and in the same direction between the rest position and the active position so as to keep the drilling head 3 as coaxial as possible in the current hole drilling, even in the event of a lack of circularity of this hole, and so as to oppose the known lateral forces to which the head 3 is subjected during drilling. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal axes 12 of the pistons 8 are tangent to a fictitious cylinder coaxial with the head 3 and the three axes 12 are advantageously understood, at least in the case of the illustrated embodiment in the figures, in the plane of the section of FIG. 2, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 4. For example a second group (not shown) of three pistons 3 could be arranged in the same head 3 so that their axes 12 are also in another plane parallel to the plane of the above section. The drilling fluid can act directly on the pistons 3. However, as already mentioned above and as will appear clearly below, it is preferable that the drilling fluid acts indirectly, at least on one side, on the pistons 8. For this purpose, the control means comprise an annular piston 13 of the same axis 4 as the head 3 and arranged in a cylinder 14 formed in the latter. The displacement of the annular piston 13 is delimited for example by two suitable circlips 15 arranged in the cylinder 14. The annular piston 13 comprises a hollow guide rod 16 and is equipped on its external surface with two annular seals 17 and 18 of which the sheet is explained below.
Le piston annulaire 13 comporte un passage axial 20 aménagé pour l'écoulement du fluide de forage vers les divers ajutages de la tête de forage 3. L'en¬ trée de ce passage 20 suivant le sens d'écoulement du fluide de forage (flèche 19) est une surface tronconiqueThe annular piston 13 has an axial passage 20 arranged for the flow of the drilling fluid to the various nozzles of the drilling head 3. The inlet of this passage 20 in the direction of flow of the drilling fluid (arrow 19) is a frustoconical surface
21 dont le diamètre se" réduit dans le sens de la flèche 19. Cette surface tronconique 21 ainsi que la face d'extrémité 22 du piston annulaire 13 située en amont sont destinées à recevoir la pression du fluide de forage qui traverse le piston annulaire 13.21 whose diameter is "reduced in the direction of arrow 19. The frustoconical surface 21 and the end face 22 of the annular piston 13 situated upstream are intended to receive the drilling fluid pressure which passes through the annular piston 13 .
Le piston annulaire 13 comporte aussi une surface annulaire 23, par exemple parallèle à la face d'extrémité 22, qui est située à l'opposé de cette faceThe annular piston 13 also has an annular surface 23, for example parallel to the end face 22, which is located opposite this face
22 par rapport au joint d'étanchéité 18 et qui délimite un volume d'huile hydraulique contenue dans le cylindre 14 pour presser cette dernière hors du cylindre 14 lorsque le fluide de forage déplace par sa pression le piston annulaire 13 dans le sens de la flèche 19. Suivant l'exemple de réalisation des figures, le cylin¬ dre 14 et les chambres 9 des pistons 8 sont en communi¬ cation pour que l'huile hydraulique pressée hors dudit cylindre 14 provoque le déplacement de chaque piston 8 pour faire pivoter chaque bras 2 vers une position active. Les joints d'étanchéité annulaires 17 et 18 empêchent l'huile hydraulique de s'échapper dans le fluide de forage en raison de la pression qui lui est communiquée. Les moyens de synchronisation 11 susdits comportent de préférence suivant 1 ' invention une cré¬ maillère 24 par exemple taillée d'une pièce dans chaque piston 8 et engrenant avec une couronne dentée 25 coaxiale à la tête de forage 3. Avantageusement suivant l'invention, la couronne dentée 25 est montée dans une chambre étanche 26 qui est dans le prolongement du cylindre 14, du côté en aval de ce dernier par rapport à l'écoulement du fluide de forage. La couronne dentée 25 tourne alors librement autour de la tige de piston 16, qui lui sert de pivot, en fonction du déplacement des pistons 8. Dans le montage illustré à la figure 1, la couronne dentée 25 est localisée axialement d'une part par une bague 27 arrêtée par un des circlips 15 susdits, situé du côté en aval du cylindre 14, et d'autre part par le fond de la chambre 26 situé du côté en aval de celle-ci. Le joint torique d'étanchéité 17 est situé sur la tige de piston 16 en aval du fond de la chambre 26 dans un alésage approprié au guidage étanche de cette tige de piston 16. L'huile hydraulique susdite remplit alors aussi la chambre 26 et sert de lubrifiant pour la rotation et pour 1 'engrène ent de la couronne dentée 25. En outre la chambre 26 établit pour l'huile la communication entre le cylindre 14 et les fonds des chambres 9, du côté opposé aux tiges 80 des pistons 8. De préférence, suivant l'invention chaque piston 8 est entièrement soumis à l'action de l'huile hydraulique, c'est-à-dire que, par exemple un conduit 27 est formé au travers du piston 8 (figure 2, piston de droite) pour que l'huile hydraulique soit présente des deux côtés du piston 8 dans la chambre 9 et, par le jeu de fonctionnement, sur la face latérale du piston 8. Ainsi est réalisée une lubrification du piston 8 et ainsi est évitée une entrée de fluide de forage dans les chambres 9 lors du retour des pistons 8 dans celles-ci. Cette chambre 9 est rendue étanche par rapport à l'exté¬ rieur de la tête de forage 3 par une bride de fermeture22 relative to the seal 18 and which delimits a volume of hydraulic oil contained in the cylinder 14 to press the latter out of the cylinder 14 when the drilling fluid moves by its pressure the annular piston 13 in the direction of the arrow 19. According to the embodiment of the figures, the cylin¬ dre 14 and the chambers 9 of the pistons 8 are in communication so that the hydraulic oil pressed out of said cylinder 14 causes the displacement of each piston 8 to rotate each arm 2 to an active position. The annular seals 17 and 18 prevent hydraulic oil from escaping into the drilling fluid due to the pressure communicated to it. The above-mentioned synchronization means 11 preferably comprise, according to the invention, a mesh 24, for example cut in one piece in each piston 8 and meshing with a toothed ring 25 coaxial with the drilling head 3. Advantageously according to the invention, the ring gear 25 is mounted in a sealed chamber 26 which is in the extension of the cylinder 14, on the downstream side of the latter relative to the flow of the drilling fluid. The ring gear 25 then rotates freely around the piston rod 16, which acts as a pivot, depending on the displacement of the pistons 8. In the assembly illustrated in FIG. 1, the ring gear 25 is located axially on the one hand by a ring 27 stopped by one of the above-mentioned circlips 15, located on the downstream side of the cylinder 14, and on the other hand by the bottom of the chamber 26 located on the downstream side thereof. The O-ring seal 17 is located on the piston rod 16 downstream from the bottom of the chamber 26 in a bore suitable for the sealed guide of this piston rod 16. The aforementioned hydraulic oil then also fills the chamber 26 and serves of lubricant for the rotation and for the meshing of the ring gear 25. In addition, the chamber 26 establishes for oil the communication between the cylinder 14 and the bottoms of the chambers 9, on the side opposite to the rods 80 of the pistons 8. Preferably, according to the invention each piston 8 is entirely subjected to the action of hydraulic oil, that is to say that, for example a conduit 27 is formed through the piston 8 (FIG. 2, piston of right) so that the hydraulic oil is present on both sides of the piston 8 in the chamber 9 and, by the operating clearance, on the lateral face of the piston 8. Thus lubrication of the piston 8 is carried out and thus entry is avoided of drilling fluid in the chambers 9 when the pistons 8 return therein. This chamber 9 is sealed relative to the exterior of the drilling head 3 by a closing flange
28 connue en soi munie d'un joint torique d'étanchéité28 known per se provided with an O-ring seal
29 entre elle-même et la tête 3 et d'un joint torique 30 entre elle-même et la tige de piston 80.29 between itself and the head 3 and an O-ring 30 between itself and the piston rod 80.
Avantageusement, chaque piston 8 comporte autour de sa tige 80, de section transversale inférieure à la section correspondante du piston 8, un ressort 31 de rappel de force déterminée. Ce ressort 31 prend appui sur la bride 28 pour pousser le piston 8 en position de repos lorsque la pression du fluide de forage n'est pas suffisante pour surmonter la force de ce ressort 31.Advantageously, each piston 8 comprises around its rod 80, of cross section smaller than the corresponding section of the piston 8, a return spring 31 of determined force. This spring 31 bears on the flange 28 to push the piston 8 into the rest position when the pressure of the drilling fluid is not sufficient to overcome the force of this spring 31.
Lors du fonctionnement de la tête de forage 3, le fluide de forage présente à l'endroit de son écoulement en amont du piston annulaire 13 une pression supérieure à celle de l'endroit de son écoulement dans le trou foré, entre tête de forage 3 et paroi du trou. Cette différence de pression appliquée sur la surrace tronconique 21 et sur la face d'extrémité 22 provoque le déplacement du piston annulaire 13 dans le sens de la flèche 19y à partir de la position de repos représentée aux figures. Par son déplacement, le piston annulaire 13 chasse l'huile hydraulique, contenue dans le cylindre 14, vers les trois chambres 9 via la chambre 26. La quantité d'huile ainsi chassée, pour ménager un volume de réception, repousse chacun des pistons 8 hors de leurs chambres 9 vers l'extérieur de la tête de forage 3, l'huile située du côté des tiges 80 dans les chambres 9 étant envoyée automatiquement du côté des fonds des chambres 9 via les conduits 27, pour s'y ajouter à la quantité d'huile chassée et pour faire sortir d'autant plus les pistons 8. Les pistons 8 poussent les bras 2 correspondants jusqu'à ce que ceux-ci soient en contact avec la paroi du trou foré. La couronne dentée 25 et les crémaillères 24 sont agencées pour que dans ce mouvement les trois bras se déplacent simultanément et d'une même amplitude de façon qu'en prenant tous trois appui sur ladite paroi ils maintiennent ou ramènent la tête de forage 3 dans l'axe du trou. Par le dimensionnement des surfaces 21, 22, sous la pression du fluide de forage et sous la force des ressorts 31, il est possible de régler la force des bras de stabilisation 2 pour contrecarrer les forces latérales nuisibles auxquelles la tête 3 est soumise en cours de forage et qui tentent de la faire rouler contre la paroi latérale iu trou. Les courses et dimensions des éléments mis en oeuvre peuvent aisément être calculées par l'homme du métier.During the operation of the drilling head 3, the drilling fluid has at the place of its flow upstream of the annular piston 13 a pressure greater than that of the place of its flow in the drilled hole, between drilling head 3 and hole wall. This pressure difference applied to the frustoconical surface 21 and to the end face 22 causes the annular piston 13 to move in the direction of arrow 19 y from the rest position shown in the figures. By its movement, the annular piston 13 drives out the hydraulic oil, contained in the cylinder 14, towards the three chambers 9 via the chamber 26. The quantity of oil thus expelled, to provide a receiving volume, repels each of the pistons 8 out of their chambers 9 towards the outside of the drilling head 3, the oil located on the side of the rods 80 in the chambers 9 being sent automatically to the bottoms side of the chambers 9 via the conduits 27, to add to the quantity of expelled oil and to bring out the pistons 8 all the more. The pistons 8 push the corresponding arms 2 until these are in contact with the wall of the drilled hole. The toothed ring 25 and the racks 24 are arranged so that in this movement the three arms move simultaneously and of the same amplitude so that by taking all three presses on said wall they maintain or bring back the drilling head 3 in the axis of the hole. By dimensioning the surfaces 21, 22, under the pressure of the drilling fluid and under the force of the springs 31, it is possible to adjust the force of the stabilization arms 2 to counteract the harmful lateral forces to which the head 3 is subjected in progress and try to roll it against the side wall of the hole. The strokes and dimensions of the elements used can easily be calculated by a person skilled in the art.
Pour une tête de forage 3 de 8 1/2 pouces (215,9 mm) de diamètre nominal et pour une différence de pression de 100 psi (0,689 MPa) on peut obtenir, lors¬ qu'un seul bras 2 touche la paroi du trou, une force de 180 kg (1764N) au bout de ce bras 2 et lorsque les trois bras 2 touchent la paroi une force de 60 kg (588 N) au bout de chaque bras 2, et cela par l'engrenage de la couronne dentée 25 et des trois pistons 8 à crémaillère 24.For a 8 1/2 inch (215.9 mm) nominal diameter drill head 3 and for a pressure difference of 100 psi (0.689 MPa), it is possible to obtain, when a single arm 2 touches the wall of the hole, a force of 180 kg (1764N) at the end of this arm 2 and when the three arms 2 touch the wall a force of 60 kg (588 N) at the end of each arm 2, and this by the gear of the crown toothed 25 and three pistons 8 rack 24.
Il doit être entendu que l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites et que bien des modifications peuvent être apportées à ces dernières sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi les bras 2 peuvent présenter les revêtements antiusure et les formes les plus appropriées au trou en cours de forage. It should be understood that the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and that many modifications can be made to these without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus the arms 2 can have the wear-resistant coatings and the shapes most suitable for the hole being drilled.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Commande (1) d'au moins deux bras de stabilisation (2) dans un dispositif de forage ou de carottage, en particulier de bras de stabilisation (2) dans une tête de forage (3) ou de carottage, chaque bras (2) étant décalé par rapport à l'autre sur la périphérie de la tête (3) et ayant une extrémité montée à pivote¬ ment autour d'un axe (6) parallèle à l'axe (4) de la tête de forage (3) de manière à ce que l'extrémité libre (7) du bras (2) soit située en amont dudit axe de pivotement (6) par rapport au sens de rotation (77) de la tête (3) en cours de forage, la commande étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, par bras (2) , un piston (8) agencé pour faire pivoter le bras (2) autour de l'axe (6) susdit afin que l'extrémité libre (7) du bras (2) occupe deux positions extrêmes, une première position dite de repos dans laquelle le bras est logé dans la tête (3) et une seconde position dite active dans laquelle ladite extrémité libre (7) fait saillie par rapport à cette tète (3) , des moyens de commande (10) et des moyens de synchronisation (11) étant agencés respectivement pour déplacer les pistons (8) à partir du fluide de forage et pour que les pistons (8) agissent sensiblement simultanément dans un même sens et suivant une même amplitude.1. Control (1) of at least two stabilization arms (2) in a drilling or coring device, in particular of stabilization arms (2) in a drilling (3) or coring head, each arm ( 2) being offset relative to each other on the periphery of the head (3) and having one end pivotally mounted about an axis (6) parallel to the axis (4) of the drilling head ( 3) so that the free end (7) of the arm (2) is located upstream of said pivot axis (6) relative to the direction of rotation (77) of the head (3) during drilling, the control being characterized in that it comprises, by arm (2), a piston (8) arranged to pivot the arm (2) around the axis (6) above so that the free end (7) of the arm (2) occupies two extreme positions, a first so-called rest position in which the arm is housed in the head (3) and a second so-called active position in which said free end (7) projects relative to this head (3), control means (10) and synchronization means (11) being arranged respectively to move the pistons (8) from the drilling fluid and so that the pistons (8) act substantially simultaneously in the same direction and following the same amplitude.
2. Commande (1) suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les axes longitudinaux (12) des pistons (8) sont tangents à un cylindre fictif coaxial à la tête (3) , et de préférence en ce qu'ils sont compris dans au moins un plan transversal à l'axe (4) de la tête de forage (3) .2. Control (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal axes (12) of the pistons (8) are tangent to a fictitious cylinder coaxial with the head (3), and preferably in that they are understood in at least one plane transverse to the axis (4) of the drilling head (3).
3. Commande (1) suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2 , caractérisée en ce que les moyens de commande (10) des pistons (8) comprennent un piston annulaire (13) , coaxial à la tête (3) , agencé pour pouvoir être déplacé suivant leur axe (4) commun dans un cylindre (14) formé dans la tête (3) et profilé, d'une part, pour être actionné par le fluide de forage et, d'autre part, pour agir sur un fluide qui actionne chacun des pistons (8) susdits et qui est contenu dans le cylindre (14) en communication avec les chambres (9) des pistons (8) .3. Control (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the control means (10) of the pistons (8) comprise an annular piston (13), coaxial with the head (3 ), arranged to be able to be moved along their common axis (4) in a cylinder (14) formed in the head (3) and profiled, on the one hand, to be actuated by the drilling fluid and, on the other hand, to act on a fluid which actuates each of the pistons (8) above-mentioned and which is contained in the cylinder (14) in communication with the chambers (9) of the pistons (8).
4. Commande (1) suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de synchronisation (11) comprennent une crémaillère (24) agencée sur chacun des pistons (8) et une couronne dentée (25) coaxiale à la tête (3) et engrenant avec toutes les crémaillères (24) associées aux pistons (8) .4. Control (1) according to either of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the synchronization means (11) comprise a rack (24) arranged on each of the pistons (8) and a ring gear ( 25) coaxial with the head (3) and meshing with all the racks (24) associated with the pistons (8).
5. Commande (1) suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 3 et 4 , caractérisée en ce que la cou- ronne dentée (25) est montée autour du piston annulaire (13) de manière à pouvoir tourner librement autour de celui-ci et est logée dans une chambre (26) étanche communiquant avec les chambres (9) des pistons (8) et avec le cylindre (14) susdit. 5. Control (1) according to either of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the crown gear (25) is mounted around the annular piston (13) so as to be able to rotate freely around that -this and is housed in a sealed chamber (26) communicating with the chambers (9) of the pistons (8) and with the aforementioned cylinder (14).
6. Commande (1) suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la chambre (9) de chaque piston (8) et/ou ce dernier sont agencés pour que le piston (8) soit entièrement soumis à l'action du fluide, la section transversale de la tige de piston (80) étant de préfé- rence inférieure à la section correspondante du piston (8) . 6. Control (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the chamber (9) of each piston (8) and / or the latter are arranged so that the piston (8) is entirely subjected to the action of the fluid, the cross section of the piston rod (80) preferably being less than the corresponding section of the piston (8).
EP94900655A 1992-12-04 1993-12-03 Multi-arm stabilizer for a drilling or boring device Expired - Lifetime EP0624225B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9201068 1992-12-04
BE9201068A BE1006434A3 (en) 1992-12-04 1992-12-04 Order of two arms stabilization in a drill core drilling or.
PCT/BE1993/000073 WO1994013928A1 (en) 1992-12-04 1993-12-03 Multi-arm stabilizer for a drilling or boring device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0624225A1 true EP0624225A1 (en) 1994-11-17
EP0624225B1 EP0624225B1 (en) 1997-03-19

Family

ID=3886561

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94900655A Expired - Lifetime EP0624225B1 (en) 1992-12-04 1993-12-03 Multi-arm stabilizer for a drilling or boring device

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US (1) US5582260A (en)
EP (1) EP0624225B1 (en)
BE (1) BE1006434A3 (en)
CA (1) CA2128903C (en)
DE (1) DE69309038T2 (en)
NO (1) NO306827B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2119575C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994013928A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69309038T2 (en) 1997-09-18
DE69309038D1 (en) 1997-04-24
RU2119575C1 (en) 1998-09-27
EP0624225B1 (en) 1997-03-19
NO306827B1 (en) 1999-12-27
RU94040732A (en) 1997-05-27
NO942841D0 (en) 1994-07-29
CA2128903C (en) 2000-11-28
WO1994013928A1 (en) 1994-06-23
US5582260A (en) 1996-12-10
NO942841L (en) 1994-07-29
CA2128903A1 (en) 1994-06-23
BE1006434A3 (en) 1994-08-23

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