EP0624213B1 - Tiefdruckfähiges papier - Google Patents
Tiefdruckfähiges papier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0624213B1 EP0624213B1 EP93902211A EP93902211A EP0624213B1 EP 0624213 B1 EP0624213 B1 EP 0624213B1 EP 93902211 A EP93902211 A EP 93902211A EP 93902211 A EP93902211 A EP 93902211A EP 0624213 B1 EP0624213 B1 EP 0624213B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- coating
- rotogravure printing
- paper suitable
- pigment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/40—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/385—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/42—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments at least partly organic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a paper capable of gravure printing, comprising at least on one side a line provided for receiving the printing ink, which contains mineral pigment and synthetic resin binders.
- Gravure-capable papers of the type specified above are known and are used, for. B. used as a print medium for illustrated magazines, mail order catalogs, advertising brochures or packaging material. Most of the time, the papers are coated on both sides, in many cases first using a pre-coat and then the top coat intended to hold the printing ink. Since, as is known, the failure of the printed image in a paper printed by the gravure printing process depends to a large extent on the surface of the coated paper, in particular on the smoothness and flatness of the line, papers intended for gravure printing are usually calendered, usually using so-called supercalenders.
- hydro- and oxycelluloses have already been used instead of finely ground cellulose fibers as a vegetable filler for the production of art paper or chrome papers.
- This document does not refer to an improvement in the printability of gravure-capable papers which are provided with a line containing mineral pigments and synthetic resin binders.
- the object of the present invention is to provide paper capable of gravure printing, in which the printability is improved and in particular in which the number of "missing dots" that occur is significantly reduced.
- the invention provides an intaglio paper that is at least on one Page has a line intended for receiving the printing ink, which contains mineral pigment and synthetic resin binder, the additional pigment being 5 to 30% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers based on the total pigment content and 3.5 to 10% by weight of a synthetic resin binder based on the total pigment content contains.
- 10 to 50% by weight of the synthetic resin binder can be replaced by starch as the binder.
- the stroke is preferably applied with a doctor knife.
- both the mineral pigment components and the cellulose fibers are added to the total pigment component.
- the average fiber length of the cellulose fibers is between 10 and 30 »m.
- the production of cellulose fibers ⁇ 10 »m is relatively uneconomical due to the grinding effort, whereas a fiber length> 30» m leads to problems when applying the coating, in particular by means of a doctor blade, due to the accumulation of the longer fibers in the coating machine application.
- the average fiber diameter is preferably in the range from 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the term “line” defines the line that receives the printing ink, often also called the top line.
- the paper can have a so-called primer, to which the stroke (top coat) is then applied.
- the information on the binder content is to be understood as an indication of the dry weight proportions.
- cellulose fibers present in the coating is below 5% by weight, there is no appreciable improvement in printability. Amounts of up to 30% by weight of cellulose fibers have proven to be particularly advantageous, particularly in the production of matt paper. In contrast, a proportion of cellulose fibers in the range from 5 to 15% by weight has been found to be particularly suitable for normally glossy papers.
- the mineral pigment used is calcium carbonate in an amount of 70 to 85% by weight, to which 15 to 30% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers are added, whereby complete all information to 100% by weight total pigment.
- synthetic resin binders e.g. B. aqueous plastic dispersions z. B. based on acrylate or butadiene-styrene, for use.
- Calcium carbonate in which between 50 and 70% by weight of calcium carbonate particles are ⁇ 2 »m, has proven to be a particularly suitable mineral pigment in the production of so-called matt papers in combination with finely ground cellulose fibers.
- a line composition in which the mineral pigment consists of kaolin has proven to be suitable for a normally glossy, gravure-printable paper, having a gloss value of 40 to 55% measured according to Lehmann at 75 o makes up the entire pigment content of the coating, while the remaining 5 to 15% by weight of the pigment fraction consist of 5 to 15% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers.
- a composition of 10 to 90% by weight calcium carbonate and 90 to 10% by weight kaolin has been found according to a further well-suited embodiment of the invention mineral pigment content 85 to 95 % By weight of the total pigment content and 5 to 15% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers are added to the mixture of calcium carbonate and kaolin.
- the pigment content of the coating for a gravure-capable paper having a normal gloss consists of a mixture of calcium carbonate and / or kaolin and talc, these mineral pigments accounting for 85 to 95% by weight of the total pigment content of the coating and the rest 5 to 15% by weight of the pigment fraction consist of 5 to 15% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers.
- the pigment content of a gravure-capable paper having a normal gloss is composed of 85 to 95% by weight of a mixture of: 40 to 70 wt.% Calcium carbonate and / or kaolin and 30 to 60% by weight talc together, with the rest 5 to 15% by weight of the pigment fraction from finely ground cellulose fibers consist.
- An advantage of the above formulation is that the use of calcium carbonate in coating formulations for gravure-sensitive papers is improved, which results in a higher whiteness sets.
- the gravure-printable papers according to the present invention include the so-called LWC (light-weight-coated) papers with a basis weight (including the line on the front and back) of less than 60 g / m 2, with an application weight of 8 to 12 d / m2 is eliminated.
- LWC light-weight-coated
- a primer can preferably be applied, the pigment content of which consists only of calcium carbonate and which is then covered by a top coat according to the invention of 8 to 12 g / m2 on one or both sides.
- cellulose fibers as a coating component have already been used in the production of so-called pressure-sensitive recording papers to protect the microcapsules containing dye precursors used in these papers in order to protect the microcapsules from premature destruction, but it is due to that Hand that the so-called pressure-sensitive recording papers are not capable of gravure printing, because the sensitive microcapsules would be destroyed during the printing process.
- the present invention therefore expressly excludes pressure-sensitive recording papers.
- a coating slip is produced in which the pigment content is made from 58% by weight calcium carbonate, 37% by weight talc and 5% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers consists.
- the cellulose fibers have an average fiber length of 20 »m and an average fiber thickness of 15» m.
- 5% by weight (dry weight fractions, based on the total pigment fraction) of a self-thickening, aqueous synthetic resin dispersion are used as binders.
- the coating slip is applied with an application weight of 10 g / m2 and side onto a base paper with a basis weight of 37 g / m2 by means of a doctor knife and, after drying, is subjected to a supercalender satin coating in the usual way.
- a further coating slip is produced in accordance with Example 1, but the pigment content increases 60% by weight of calcium carbonate and 40% by weight of talc consists.
- the coated paper is applied and produced in accordance with Example 1.
- a coating slip is produced in which the pigment content 75% by weight calcium carbonate and 25% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers, as indicated in Example 1. 5% by weight of a synthetic resin binder are used as binders.
- the coating slip also contains auxiliaries for controlling the water retention capacity in the usual dosage.
- a base paper of 49 g / m2 which is already provided with a primer, in which the pigment consists of calcium carbonate, in an amount of 8 g / m2 and side
- the coating slip in an amount of 12 g / m2 and side applied with a squeegee and dried. Then satinizing is carried out in the usual way on a supercalender.
- a coating slip is produced in which the pigment fraction consists of 90% by weight of kaolin and 10% by weight of finely ground cellulose fibers, as stated for example 1.
- the amount and type of binder, application weights and production of the paper correspond to the information given in Example 1.
- Example 3 The procedure is as described above for Example 3, but the pigment fraction consists of 100% by weight of kaolin.
- the table below shows the values for gloss, smoothness, heliotest and sliding friction coefficient measured on the papers produced.
- An intaglio printing plate filled with printing ink, the grid area of which has an increasing cell depth, is rolled off with a constant pressure on a test strip.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Sheet Holders (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4202598 | 1992-01-30 | ||
DE4202598A DE4202598C1 (ko) | 1992-01-30 | 1992-01-30 | |
PCT/EP1993/000087 WO1993015270A1 (de) | 1992-01-30 | 1993-01-15 | Tiefdruckfähiges papier |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0624213A1 EP0624213A1 (de) | 1994-11-17 |
EP0624213B1 true EP0624213B1 (de) | 1995-07-12 |
Family
ID=6450591
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93902211A Expired - Lifetime EP0624213B1 (de) | 1992-01-30 | 1993-01-15 | Tiefdruckfähiges papier |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0624213B1 (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE125015T1 (ko) |
DE (2) | DE4202598C1 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK0624213T3 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2074926T3 (ko) |
FI (1) | FI114326B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1993015270A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009080894A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Upm-Kymmene Oyj | Method for making organic pigment |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19527161A1 (de) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-01-30 | Sued Chemie Ag | Pigmentgemisch und Streichfarbe mit verbesserter Tiefdruckeignung |
PL3617400T3 (pl) | 2009-03-30 | 2023-01-02 | Fiberlean Technologies Limited | Zastosowanie zawiesin nanofibrylarnej celulozy |
DK2236545T3 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2014-12-01 | Omya Int Ag | A process for the preparation of nano-fibrillar cellulose gels |
GB0908401D0 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2009-06-24 | Imerys Minerals Ltd | Paper filler composition |
EP2386682B1 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2014-03-19 | Omya International AG | Process for the manufacture of structured materials using nano-fibrillar cellulose gels |
SI2386683T1 (sl) | 2010-04-27 | 2014-07-31 | Omya International Ag | Postopek za proizvodnjo kompozitnih materialov na osnovi gela |
GB201019288D0 (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2010-12-29 | Imerys Minerals Ltd | Compositions |
EP3362508B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2019-06-26 | FiberLean Technologies Limited | 3d-formable sheet material |
EP3440259B1 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2021-02-24 | FiberLean Technologies Limited | Paper and paperboard products |
US11846072B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2023-12-19 | Fiberlean Technologies Limited | Process of making paper and paperboard products |
PL3445900T3 (pl) | 2016-04-22 | 2022-07-11 | Fiberlean Technologies Limited | Włókna obejmujące mikrofibrylarną celulozę oraz sposoby wytwarzania włókien i włókniny z tych materiałów |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE744662C (de) * | 1942-04-03 | 1944-01-22 | Feldmuehle Papier Und Zellstof | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines fuer Streichmassen bei Kunstdruck- und Chromopapier geeigneten Binde- und Glaettungsmittels |
FR2648488B1 (fr) * | 1989-06-15 | 1991-09-13 | Gomez Daniel | Charge vegetale poreuse, micronisee, peu dense, de granulometrie controlee et de faibles surfaces specifiques physique et hydraulique; procede de preparation et utilisation |
DE3924051A1 (de) * | 1989-07-21 | 1991-01-24 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zum weisstoenen von papierstreichmassen |
NO903004L (no) * | 1989-07-21 | 1991-01-22 | Bayer Ag | Fremgangsmaate for hvittoning av papirbestrykningsmasser samt hvittoningspreparater for fremgangsmaaten. |
-
1992
- 1992-01-30 DE DE4202598A patent/DE4202598C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-15 DE DE59300352T patent/DE59300352D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-01-15 ES ES93902211T patent/ES2074926T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-15 WO PCT/EP1993/000087 patent/WO1993015270A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1993-01-15 DK DK93902211.7T patent/DK0624213T3/da active
- 1993-01-15 AT AT93902211T patent/ATE125015T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-01-15 EP EP93902211A patent/EP0624213B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-07-25 FI FI943494A patent/FI114326B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009080894A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Upm-Kymmene Oyj | Method for making organic pigment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1993015270A1 (de) | 1993-08-05 |
FI114326B (fi) | 2004-09-30 |
ATE125015T1 (de) | 1995-07-15 |
EP0624213A1 (de) | 1994-11-17 |
DE59300352D1 (de) | 1995-08-17 |
ES2074926T3 (es) | 1995-09-16 |
FI943494A (fi) | 1994-07-25 |
DK0624213T3 (da) | 1995-08-21 |
DE4202598C1 (ko) | 1993-09-02 |
FI943494A0 (fi) | 1994-07-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0192252B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Holdouts von Druckfarben, Lacken und Beschichtungsmassen auf Flächengebilden aus Fasern sowie zur Verbesserung des De-Inkings der Fasern sowie Masse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und damit erzeugte Flächengebilde | |
EP0637352B1 (de) | Druckträger | |
EP0685016B1 (de) | Rollendruckpapier und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
EP0624213B1 (de) | Tiefdruckfähiges papier | |
DE68914130T3 (de) | Zeitungspapier. | |
EP0908560B1 (de) | Gestrichenes Rollendruckpapier mit Eignung für das Bedrucken mit Coldset-Farben | |
EP3098085A1 (de) | Transfer-material für den sublimationsdruck | |
EP0785307B1 (de) | Rollendruckpapier mit Coldset-Eignung | |
EP0754260B1 (de) | Beidseitig gestrichenes rollendruckpapier und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
DE3316949C3 (de) | Calciumcarbonat | |
DE3919736C1 (ko) | ||
DE3328064C2 (ko) | ||
EP0447471B1 (de) | Druckpapier, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und seine verwendung | |
DE19706574C2 (de) | Papier mit einer im Gußstreichverfahren aufgebrachten Beschichtung, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung | |
DE19512663A1 (de) | Trennrohpapiere mit Pigmentstrichen auf der Basis von Aluminiumhydroxiden | |
WO1994002258A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von cf- oder cb-schichten aufweisenden papierbahnen für druckempfindliche aufzeichnungspapiere | |
DE4324028C1 (de) | Beidseitig gestrichenes Rollendruckpapier und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung | |
DE4224719C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer eine CF-Schicht aufweisenden Papierbahn für druckempfindliches Durchschreibepapier | |
DE2243516C2 (de) | Pigmentstreichmassen für Papier | |
DE1696188B2 (de) | Streichmasse zur herstellung eines papiers mit matter oberflaeche | |
DE4224718A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer eine CB-Schicht aufweisenden Papierbahn für druckempfindliche Aufzeichnungspapiere | |
DE2357726A1 (de) | Praegefaehiger, ein- oder mehrfach beschichteter drucktraeger und herstellungsverfahren hierzu | |
DE7341346U (de) | Prägefähiger, bahnförmig gestalteter Druckträger |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19940707 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: STUDIO INGG. FISCHETTI & WEBER |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19941216 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 125015 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19950715 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59300352 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19950817 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2074926 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19951016 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20040108 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050802 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20060103 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20060105 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20060110 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20060111 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20060111 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20060113 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20060118 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20060131 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20060215 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20060308 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070116 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20070115 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20070801 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20070930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070115 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070115 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *STORA FELDMUHLE A.G. Effective date: 20070131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070801 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20070116 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070116 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070115 |