EP0622301B1 - Evacuation apparatus - Google Patents
Evacuation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- EP0622301B1 EP0622301B1 EP94104358A EP94104358A EP0622301B1 EP 0622301 B1 EP0622301 B1 EP 0622301B1 EP 94104358 A EP94104358 A EP 94104358A EP 94104358 A EP94104358 A EP 94104358A EP 0622301 B1 EP0622301 B1 EP 0622301B1
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- pressure
- chamber
- vacuum
- valve
- pressure level
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
- B65B31/02—Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
- B65B31/022—Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas the chambers moving in an endless path
Definitions
- the invention relates to an evacuation device with a plurality of chambers which can be connected in succession to a plurality of vacuum sources graded in pressure for evacuation to a predetermined pressure level by means of connecting lines, the connection being made by a valve control assigned to the connecting lines.
- a chamber is filled with the goods wrapped in a film or a film bag. After loading the chamber, it is closed. Subsequently the chamber is moved further and a connection of the chamber which has just been closed is connected to a chamber which is still closed but is on the way to the removal station via a rotary valve in order to equalize the pressure, so that the pressure level of the chamber which has just been closed is lower than the atmospheric pressure Pressure value is lowered. This saves energy, since in the next stages less power is required to lower the pressure level to the predetermined pressure level.
- the chamber is not sealed tightly, for example because parts of the goods to be packaged under vacuum or their wrapping have gotten between the lid and the chamber or there is a mechanical defect on the chamber lid, then the packaging is not properly packaged more is possible.
- DE 37 36 375 C1 describes a device for checking the tightness of an autoclave evacuated to a predetermined pressure, which has a pressure switch and a control device.
- the invention has for its object to provide an evacuation device based on the prior art, in which a pressure increase in the graduated vacuum sources is prevented when leakages occur.
- the valve control has a valve upstream of the chamber (s), which connects the chambers with one of the Connecting lines or another evacuation device, wherein switching valves are arranged in the connecting lines between the connection to the valve and the vacuum sources, that between the first switching valve of the connecting line, which leads to the vacuum source with the highest pressure level, and the connection to the valve, a first Pressure switch is provided that the first pressure switch causes the opening of the first switching valve when a certain first pressure level is reached and, if the further switching valves are not reached, causes the second pressure switch to open the first switching valve and reach a second predetermined pressure level which is below the first pressure level , responds and causes the closing of the first switching valve and that the further evacuation device serves to evacuate the chamber to the further pressure level at which the first pressure switch responds.
- the pressure level at which the first pressure switch responds corresponds to a pressure level that is above the pressure level that is established in the chamber when connected to the further evacuation device, but below the atmospheric pressure.
- the further evacuation device is represented by the vacuum of an already evacuated chamber, which can be connected to the chamber to be evacuated by the valve.
- a compensation reservoir is arranged between the valve and the first switching valve which, in the event that no or too little vacuum for the pressure exchange should be present in the chamber which is connected to the chamber to be evacuated by the valve, can be connected to the chamber to be evacuated for pressure exchange to the response pressure of the first pressure switch is.
- the advantage of this design is that a vacuum reservoir is built up via the equalization reservoir, which, when a chamber that could not be evacuated due to leakage, takes on the penultimate station in which a pressure exchange with a just filled and closed chamber is to take place , the pressure level is reduced so that the first pressure switch responds and the switching valve opens.
- the volume of the equalization reservoir is dimensioned such that even if there is no vacuum in the chamber in the ventilation station for the cross vacuum, the first pressure switch is activated.
- the pressure switches are preferably connected to the compensation reservoir.
- a particularly favorable arrangement results if there are two vacuum sources graded in pressure, which can be connected to the chambers via the valve, the first vacuum source having a higher pressure level than the second vacuum source and the pressure switches and the first switching valve associated with the first vacuum source are.
- the further switching valves are caused by the first pressure switch with a time delay to transfer to the closed position when the measured pressure level is above that of the first pressure level and which for the cycle of connecting a subsequent chamber in which a Pressure level below the first pressure level is present, opening is delayed.
- the device described above is particularly suitable for use in a packaging machine, in particular a rotary machine, with at least two chambers, which are fed in succession to different stations, of which the first station is the loading station and the last station is the ventilation and removal station, the chambers after leaving the insertion station can be connected in succession to the vacuum sources graded in pressure for evacuation in order to ensure that this can be connected to a vacuum center.
- the proposed device ensures that a distinction is made as to whether a chamber has not received a cross vacuum because it is leaking or because its communicating chamber was not evacuated.
- a chamber without a cross vacuum, but which is sealed is immediately lowered below the response value of the first pressure switch by the compensation reservoir, so that evacuation takes place.
- the compensation reservoir is evacuated to the reference value via the cross vacuum the next time it is connected to a chamber. If two successive chambers leak, which is rarely the case, the control unit opens the valve briefly to create a vacuum in the compensation reservoir.
- a machine 1 with two chambers 2, 2 a can be seen from the attached drawing figure, the machine 1 being designed as a rotary machine, and for the sake of simplicity, the chambers 2, 2 a are shown as being movable from the left narrow sheet side to the right.
- a connection to two connecting lines 3, 4 is provided for evacuation, the connecting line 3 being connected to a first vacuum source 5 and the connecting line 4 being connected to a second vacuum source 6.
- the pressure level in the first vacuum source 5 is, for example, 60 mbar and in the second vacuum source 6, for example, 2 mbar.
- the machine 1 is arranged in the room 7.
- the first and second vacuum sources 5, 6 are part of a vacuum center 10, which is accommodated in the second room 8 separated from the first room 7 via the wall 9 or at any distance.
- the line network of the vacuum center 10 forms the reservoirs of the vacuum sources 5, 6.
- the connection to the respective chamber 2, 2 a takes place via a valve 13, 13 a, which in the case of a rotary machine is designed, for example, as a rotary valve and ensures that switching states can be reached in which two successive chambers 2, 2 a or spaced apart on the circumference Chambers are connected to each other for pressure equalization.
- the valve 13 which is designed as a rotary valve, has, for example, distributed on the circumference, various connections which connect the chambers 2, 2 a which are connected to them one after the other, for example with the connecting lines 3, 4 to the vacuum sources 5, 6 or the chambers 2, Connect 2a to each other for pressure exchange.
- a vacuum compensation reservoir 16 is arranged upstream of the rotary valve 13, which is separated from the vacuum source 5 by a switching valve 14 in the connecting line 3.
- a connecting line 17 is connected to the equalizing reservoir 16, to which a first pressure switch 18 and a second pressure switch 19 are assigned.
- the pressure switch 18 is set to a first pressure level pA, while the second pressure switch responds to a pressure level pB that is below the pressure level of the first pressure switch 18.
- the pressure switches 18, 19 are connected to a switching unit 20 which is connected to the first switching valve 14 via a line.
- a second switching valve 15 is arranged in the connecting line 4 to the second vacuum source 6, which represents the fine vacuum and represents the pressure level to be achieved.
- This second switching valve 15 is also connected to the switching unit 20 via a control line.
- the chamber 2 After the chamber 2 has been filled with the goods to be packed and closed and has left the loading station, it is moved into a position in which it experiences a connection with the leading second chamber 2a via the valve 13a, so that a pressure exchange ( Cross-vacuum) takes place since the chamber 2a is still in the evacuated state.
- this chamber 2a In the next and thus last station, however, this chamber 2a is vented to atmospheric pressure in order to be able to remove the packaged goods.
- the vacuum in chamber 2a is used to bring chamber 2, which is still to be evacuated, to a lower pressure value than atmospheric pressure.
- the chamber 2 is then connected via the valve 13 to the vacuum source 5, but this requires that it is determined via the first pressure switch 18 that a lowering to a first pressure stage of the chamber evacuated via cross-vacuum has taken place, at which the response pressure of the first pressure switch 18 is undershot. It takes place via the connection to the control unit 20 and from this via the control line to the first switching valve 14 causes the switching valve 14 to open, so that the chamber is connected to the first vacuum source 5 via the connecting line 3. Furthermore, the pressure level in the chamber is rapidly reduced to the pressure level of the vacuum source 5 because it has a much larger volume than a chamber of the machine 1. If a reduction to the desired value is achieved, the closing of the first switching valve 14 is initiated via the pressure switch 19 and the control unit 20.
- the second switching valve 15 is in the open position. It is only moved to a closed position via the control unit 20 if, before connecting a chamber via the valve 13 to the second vacuum source 6, it has been determined that the pressure level of the pressure switch 18 has not been reached and therefore the first switching valve 14 has not been opened. In this case, the second switching valve 15 is closed via the control unit 20, so that there is also no risk of a connection between an unclosed chamber and the fine vacuum, which is represented by the second vacuum source 6, which can result in an increase in pressure in the reservoir the second vacuum source 6 would result.
- the volume of the compensation reservoir 16 is not sufficient to lower the pressure below the response value pa of the first pressure switch 18.
- the switching valve 14 remains closed in this case.
- the second switching valve is closed with a time delay. This ensures overall that a connection to the two vacuum sources 5, 6 of the vacuum control center is only established when it is actually possible to evacuate the chambers to the desired pressure level.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Evakuierungseinrichtung mit mehreren Kammern, die nacheinander an mehrere im Druck abgestufte Vakuumquellen zur Evakuierung auf ein vorbestimmtes Druckniveau durch Verbindungsleitungen anschließbar sind, wobei der Anschluß durch eine den Verbindungsleitungen zugeordnete Ventilsteuerung erfolgt.The invention relates to an evacuation device with a plurality of chambers which can be connected in succession to a plurality of vacuum sources graded in pressure for evacuation to a predetermined pressure level by means of connecting lines, the connection being made by a valve control assigned to the connecting lines.
Eine solche Evakuierungseinrichtung ist in der DE 28 29 889 A1 beschrieben. Sollte es bei der dort beschriebenen Einrichtung dazu kommen, daß die zunächst an die Vakuumquelle mit dem höheren Druck angeschlossene Kammer nicht dicht geschlossen wurde, ist eine Beeinflußung der Vakuumquelle gegeben. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere bei dem nachfolgenden Anschluß an z.B. das Feinvakuum negativ aus.Such an evacuation device is described in DE 28 29 889 A1. Should the device described there result in the chamber, which was initially connected to the vacuum source with the higher pressure, not being tightly closed, the vacuum source is influenced. This is particularly effective when connecting to e.g. the fine vacuum negative.
Aus der US 47 54 596 ist eine Evakuiervorrichtung in Form einer Rundläufermaschine bekannt, bei der über Öffnungen nach dem Füllen und Schließen der Kammer zuerst ein Cross-Vakuum anlegbar ist, bevor die Hauptevakuierung erfolgt.From US 47 54 596 an evacuation device in the form of a rotary machine is known in which a cross vacuum can first be applied via openings after filling and closing the chamber before the main evacuation takes place.
Bei solchen Rundläufermaschinen zum Verpacken von Gütern sind im Takt einzelne Stationen durchlaufende Kammer vorhanden. So erfolgt in einer ersten Station das Befüllen einer Kammer mit dem mit einer Folie oder einem Folienbeutel umhüllten Gut. Nach dem Beschicken der Kammer wird diese geschlossen. Anschließend wird die Kammer weiterbewegt und über ein Drehventil eine Verbindung der gerade geschlossenen Kammer mit einer Kammer, die noch geschlossen ist, aber auf dem Wege zur Entnahmestation ist, zum Druckausgleich verbunden, so daß das Druckniveau der gerade geschlossenen Kammer auf einen gegenüber dem Atmosphärendruck geringeren ersten Druckwert abgesenkt wird. Hierdurch wird Energie eingespart, da in den nächsten Stufen eine geringere Leistung für das Absenken des Druckniveaus auf das vorbestimmte Druckniveau erforderlich wird.In such rotary machines for packaging goods, individual stations passing through the cycle are present. In a first station, a chamber is filled with the goods wrapped in a film or a film bag. After loading the chamber, it is closed. Subsequently the chamber is moved further and a connection of the chamber which has just been closed is connected to a chamber which is still closed but is on the way to the removal station via a rotary valve in order to equalize the pressure, so that the pressure level of the chamber which has just been closed is lower than the atmospheric pressure Pressure value is lowered. This saves energy, since in the next stages less power is required to lower the pressure level to the predetermined pressure level.
Ist nach dem Einlegen des zu verpackenden Gutes in der ersten Station kein dichtes Schließen der Kammer erfolgt, weil beispielsweise Teile des unter Vakuum zu verpackenden Gutes oder dessen Umhüllung zwischen Deckel und Kammer geraten ist oder ein mechanischer Defekt am Kammerdeckel vorliegt, so ist keine ordnungsgemäße Verpackung mehr möglich.If, after the goods to be packaged have been inserted in the first station, the chamber is not sealed tightly, for example because parts of the goods to be packaged under vacuum or their wrapping have gotten between the lid and the chamber or there is a mechanical defect on the chamber lid, then the packaging is not properly packaged more is possible.
Würde eine solche Maschine an eine Vakuumzentralanlage angeschlossen werden, wurde eine offenstehende Kammer zu einem unzulässigen Druckanstieg in den Vakuumquellen führen und alle angeschlossenen Verpackungsmaschinen würden für mehrere Takte Fehlpackungen produzieren.If such a machine were connected to a central vacuum system, an open chamber would lead to an inadmissible pressure increase in the vacuum sources and all connected packaging machines would produce incorrect packages for several cycles.
Ferner ist in der DE 37 36 375 C1 eine Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen der Dichtheit einer auf einen vorbestimmten Druck evakuierten Autoklaven beschrieben, die einen Druckschalter sowie eine Steuereinrichtung aufweist.Furthermore, DE 37 36 375 C1 describes a device for checking the tightness of an autoclave evacuated to a predetermined pressure, which has a pressure switch and a control device.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine vom Stand der Technik ausgehende Evakuiervorrichtung zu schaffen, bei der beim Auftreten von Leckagen eine Druckanstieg in den abgestuften Vakuumquellen verhindert wird.The invention has for its object to provide an evacuation device based on the prior art, in which a pressure increase in the graduated vacuum sources is prevented when leakages occur.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Ventilsteuerung ein der/den Kammern vorgeschaltetes Ventil aufweist, welches die Verbindung der Kammern jeweils mit einer der Verbindungsleitungen oder einer weiteren Evakuiervorrichtung herstellt, wobei in den Verbindungsleitungen zwischen dem Anschluß an das Ventil und den Vakuumquellen jeweils Schaltventile angeordnet sind, daß zwischen dem ersten Schaltventil der Verbindungsleitung, die zur Vakuumquelle mit dem höchsten Druckniveau führt, und dem Anschluß an das Ventil ein erster Druckschalter vorgesehen ist, daß der erste Druckschalter bei Erreichen eines bestimmten ersten Druckniveaus das Öffnen des ersten Schaltventils und bei Nichterreichen das Schließen der weiteren Schaltventile veranlaßt, daß der zweite Druckschalter bei geöffnetem ersten Schaltventil und Erreichen eines zweiten vorbestimmten Druckniveaus, das unter dem ersten Druckniveau liegt, anspricht und das Schließen des ersten Schaltventils veranlaßt und daß die weitere Evakuiereinrichtung zur Evakuierung der Kammer auf das weitere Druckniveau dient, bei dem der erste Druckschalter anspricht.This object is achieved in that the valve control has a valve upstream of the chamber (s), which connects the chambers with one of the Connecting lines or another evacuation device, wherein switching valves are arranged in the connecting lines between the connection to the valve and the vacuum sources, that between the first switching valve of the connecting line, which leads to the vacuum source with the highest pressure level, and the connection to the valve, a first Pressure switch is provided that the first pressure switch causes the opening of the first switching valve when a certain first pressure level is reached and, if the further switching valves are not reached, causes the second pressure switch to open the first switching valve and reach a second predetermined pressure level which is below the first pressure level , responds and causes the closing of the first switching valve and that the further evacuation device serves to evacuate the chamber to the further pressure level at which the first pressure switch responds.
Von Vorteil bei dieser Lösung ist, daß ein Anschluß an ein Vakuumreservoir einer Vakuumzentrale möglich ist, wobei gewährleistet ist, daß eine offene Kammer von der Vakuumzentrale so lange getrennt ist, wie es erforderlich ist, um einen unzulässigen Druckanstieg im System zu vermeiden. Hierdurch wird ein Einfluß auf andere, an die Vakuumzentrale angeschlossene Verbraucher vermieden.The advantage of this solution is that a connection to a vacuum reservoir of a vacuum center is possible, whereby it is ensured that an open chamber is separated from the vacuum center for as long as is necessary to avoid an inadmissible pressure increase in the system. This avoids an influence on other consumers connected to the vacuum center.
Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, daß das Druckniveau, bei dem der erste Druckschalter anspricht, einem Druckniveau entspricht, das oberhalb des Druckniveaus, das sich in der Kammer bei Verbindung mit der weiteren Evakuierungeinrichtung einstellt, aber unterhalb des Atmosphärendrucks liegt.It is preferably provided that the pressure level at which the first pressure switch responds corresponds to a pressure level that is above the pressure level that is established in the chamber when connected to the further evacuation device, but below the atmospheric pressure.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist vorgeschlagen, daß die weitere Evakuierungeinrichtung durch das Vakuum einer bereits evakuierten Kammer dargestellt ist, welche durch das Ventil mit der zu evakuierenden Kammer verbindbar ist.In a further embodiment it is proposed that the further evacuation device is represented by the vacuum of an already evacuated chamber, which can be connected to the chamber to be evacuated by the valve.
Um zu gewährleisten, daß dann, wenn von der weiteren Evakuiereinrichtung, die durch eine Kammer dargestellt ist, kein Vakuum zur Verfügung gestellt wird, trotzdem ein Öffnen des ersten Schaltventiles zu erzielen, ist vorgesehen, daß zwischen dem Ventil und dem ersten Schaltventil ein Ausgleichreservoir angeordnet ist, welches für den Fall, daß in der Kammer, die mit der zu evakuierenden Kammer durch das Ventil verbunden ist, kein oder ein zu geringes Vakuum für den Druckaustausch anstehen sollte, mit der zu evakuierenden Kammer zum Druckaustausch auf den Ansprechdruck des ersten Druckschalters verbindbar ist.In order to ensure that if no vacuum is made available by the further evacuation device, which is represented by a chamber, nevertheless an opening of the first switching valve is achieved, it is provided that a compensation reservoir is arranged between the valve and the first switching valve which, in the event that no or too little vacuum for the pressure exchange should be present in the chamber which is connected to the chamber to be evacuated by the valve, can be connected to the chamber to be evacuated for pressure exchange to the response pressure of the first pressure switch is.
Von Vorteil bei dieser Ausbildung ist, daß über das Ausgleichreservoir ein Vakuumvorrat aufgebaut wird, das dann, wenn eine Kammer, die infolge Leckage nicht evakuiert werden konnte, die vorletzte Station, in der ein Druckaustausch mit einer gerade gefüllten und geschlossenen Kammer stattfinden soll, einnimmt, das Druckniveau trotzdem so absenkt, daß der erste Druckschalter anspricht und das Schaltventil öffnet. Das Volumen des Aus-gleichreservoirs ist so bemessen, daß auch dann, wenn kein Vakuum in der in der Belüftungsstation für das Cross-Vakuum befindlichen Kammer vorhanden ist, ein Ansprechen des ersten Druckschalters erreicht wird.The advantage of this design is that a vacuum reservoir is built up via the equalization reservoir, which, when a chamber that could not be evacuated due to leakage, takes on the penultimate station in which a pressure exchange with a just filled and closed chamber is to take place , the pressure level is reduced so that the first pressure switch responds and the switching valve opens. The volume of the equalization reservoir is dimensioned such that even if there is no vacuum in the chamber in the ventilation station for the cross vacuum, the first pressure switch is activated.
Vorzugsweise sind die Druckschalter an das Ausgleichreservoir angeschlossen. Eine besonders günstige Anordnung ergibt sich, wenn zwei im Druck abgestufte Vakuumquellen vorhanden sind, die über das Ventil mit den Kammern verbindbar sind, wobei die erste Vakuumquelle ein höheres Druckniveau aufweist als die zweite Vakuumquelle und wobei die Druckschalter und das erste Schaltventil der ersten Vakuumquelle zugeordnet sind.The pressure switches are preferably connected to the compensation reservoir. A particularly favorable arrangement results if there are two vacuum sources graded in pressure, which can be connected to the chambers via the valve, the first vacuum source having a higher pressure level than the second vacuum source and the pressure switches and the first switching valve associated with the first vacuum source are.
Ergänzend ist vorgeschlagen, daß die weiteren Schaltventile über den ersten Druckschalter zeitverzögert zur Überführung in die Schließstellung veranlaßt wird, wenn das gemessene Druckniveau über dem des ersten Druckniveaus liegt und welches für den Takt des Anschlusses einer nachfolgenden Kammer, in der ein Druckniveau unterhalb des ersten Druckniveaus ansteht, zeitverzögert geöffnet wird.In addition, it is proposed that the further switching valves are caused by the first pressure switch with a time delay to transfer to the closed position when the measured pressure level is above that of the first pressure level and which for the cycle of connecting a subsequent chamber in which a Pressure level below the first pressure level is present, opening is delayed.
Hierdurch wird verhindert, daß eine nicht richtig geschlossene Kammer, welche keine Entsorgung auf das Druckniveau der ersten Vakuumquelle erfahren hat, mit der zweiten Vakuumquelle verbunden wird.This prevents an incorrectly closed chamber, which has not been disposed of at the pressure level of the first vacuum source, from being connected to the second vacuum source.
Die vorbeschriebene Vorrichtung eignet sich besonders zur Verwendung bei einer Verpackungsmaschine, insbesondere Rundläufer, mit mindestens zwei Kammern, welche nacheinander verschiedenen Stationen zugeführt werden, von denen die erste Station die Einlegestation und die letzte Station die Belüftungs- und Entnahmestation ist, wobei die Kammern nach Verlassen der Einlegestation nacheinander an die im Druck abgestuften Vakuumquellen zur Evakuierung anschließbar sind, um zu erreichen, daß diese an eine Vakuumzentrale angeschlossen werden kann.The device described above is particularly suitable for use in a packaging machine, in particular a rotary machine, with at least two chambers, which are fed in succession to different stations, of which the first station is the loading station and the last station is the ventilation and removal station, the chambers after leaving the insertion station can be connected in succession to the vacuum sources graded in pressure for evacuation in order to ensure that this can be connected to a vacuum center.
Ferner wird durch die vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung erreicht, daß eine Unterscheidung erfolgt, ob eine Kammer kein Cross-Vakuum erhalten hat, weil sie undicht ist oder weil ihre kommunizierende Kammer nicht evakuiert war. Somit wird auch eine Kammer ohne Cross-Vakuum, die aber dicht ist, durchaus gleich durch das Ausgleichreservoir unter den Ansprechwert des ersten Druckschalters abgesenkt, so daß eine Evakuierung erfolgt. Ferner ist sichergestellt, daß das Ausgleichreservoir bei der nächsten Verbindung mit einer Kammer auf den Referenzwert über das Cross-Vakuum evakuiert wird. Sind, was selten der Fall ist, zwei aufeinander folgende Kammern undicht, erfolgt über die Steuerung ein kurzzeitiges Öffnen des Ventils, um Vakuum im Ausgleichreservoir zu erzeugen.Furthermore, the proposed device ensures that a distinction is made as to whether a chamber has not received a cross vacuum because it is leaking or because its communicating chamber was not evacuated. Thus, a chamber without a cross vacuum, but which is sealed, is immediately lowered below the response value of the first pressure switch by the compensation reservoir, so that evacuation takes place. It is also ensured that the compensation reservoir is evacuated to the reference value via the cross vacuum the next time it is connected to a chamber. If two successive chambers leak, which is rarely the case, the control unit opens the valve briefly to create a vacuum in the compensation reservoir.
Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt.A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing.
Aus der beigefügten Zeichnungsfigur ist eine Maschine 1 mit zwei Kammern 2,2a erkenntlich, wobei die Maschine 1 als Rundläufermaschine gestaltet ist und die Kammern 2,2a der Einfachheit halber als von der linken Blattschmalseite nach rechts bewegbar dargestellt sind. Zur Evakuierung ist ein Anschluß an zwei Verbindungsleitungen 3,4 vorgesehen, wobei die Verbindungsleitung 3 mit einer ersten Vakuumquelle 5 und die Verbindungsleitung 4 mit einer zweiten Vakuumquelle 6 in Verbindung steht. Das Druckniveau in der ersten Vakuumquelle 5 beträgt beispielsweise 60mbar und in der zweiten Vakuumquelle 6 beispielsweise 2mbar.A machine 1 with two
Die Maschine 1 ist in dem Raum 7 angeordnet. Die erste und zweite Vakuumquelle 5,6 sind Teil einer Vakuumzentrale 10, die in dem vom ersten Raum 7 über die Wand 9 getrennten zweiten Raum 8 oder in beliebiger Entfernung untergebracht ist. Beispielsweise bildet das Leitungsnetz der Vakuumzentrale 10 die Reservoirs der Vakuumquellen 5,6. Zwischen den beiden Vakuumquellen 5,6 und den Verbindungsleitungen 3,4 sind Anschlußschieber 11,12 in Form von Kugelhähnen vorhanden. Die Verbindung mit der jeweiligen Kammer 2,2a erfolgt über ein Ventil 13,13a welches bei einer Rundläufermaschine beispielsweise als Drehventil ausgestaltet ist und dafür Sorge trägt, daß Schaltzustände erreichbar sind, bei denen zwei aufeinander folgende Kammern 2,2a bzw. auf dem Umfang beabstandete Kammern miteinander zum Druckausgleich verbunden sind.The machine 1 is arranged in the
Das Ventil 13, daß als Drehventil gestaltet ist, weist beispielsweise auf dem Umfang verteilt, verschiedene Anschlüsse auf, welche die nacheinander ihnen in Verbindung gebrachte Kammern 2,2a beispielsweise mit den Verbindungseitungen 3,4 zu den Vakuumquellen 5,6 oder die Kammern 2,2a untereinander zum Druckaustausch verbinden.The
In die Verbindungsleitung zwischen dem Ventil 13 und der Vakuumquelle 5 ist vor dem Drehventil 13 ein Vakuumausgleichreservoir 16 angeordnet, das von der Vakuumquelle 5 durch ein Schaltventil 14 in der Verbindungsleitung 3 getrennt ist. An das Ausgleichreservoir 16 ist eine Anschlußleitung 17 angeschlossen, welcher ein erster Druckschalter 18 und ein zweiter Druckschalter 19 zugeordnet sind. Der Druckschalter 18 ist auf ein erstes Druckniveau pA eingestellt, während der zweite Druckschalter bei einem Druckniveau pB anspricht, das unter dem Druckniveau des ersten Druckschalters 18 liegt. Die Druckschalter 18,19 sind mit einer Schalteinheit 20 verbunden, die über eine Leitung mit dem ersten Schaltventil 14 verbunden ist. In der Verbindungs-leitung 4 zu der zweiten Vakuumquelle 6, die das Feinvakuum darstellt und das zu erreichende Druckniveau respräsentiert, ist ein zweites Schaltventil 15 angeordnet. Dieses zweite Schaltventil 15 ist ebenfalls über eine Steuerleitung mit der Schalteinheit 20 verbunden. Nachdem die Kammer 2 mit dem zu verpackenden Gut befüllt und geschlossen wurde und die Einlegestation verlassen hat, wird sie in eine Stellung bewegt, in der sie mit der vorauseilenden zweiten Kammer 2a über das Ventil 13a eine Verbindung erfährt, so daß zwischen beiden ein Druckaustausch (Cross-Vakuum) erfolgt, da die Kammer 2a sich noch im evakuierten Zustand befindet. In der nächsten und damit letzten Station wird jedoch diese Kammer 2a bis auf Atmosphärendruck belüftet, um das verpackte Gut entnehmen zu können. Das in der Kammer 2a anstehende Vakuum wird so genutzt, um die noch zu evakuierende Kammer 2 auf einen niedrigeren Druckwert als den Atmosphärendruck zu bringen.In the connecting line between the
Anschließend wird die Kammer 2 über das Ventil 13 mit der Vakuumquelle 5 verbunden, wozu jedoch erforderlich ist, daß über den ersten Druckschalter 18 festgestellt wird, daß ein Absenken zu einer ersten Druckstufe der über Cross-Vakuum evakuierten Kammer stattgefunden hat, bei der der Ansprechdruck des ersten Druckschalters 18 unterschritten wird. Es erfolgt über die Verbindung zur Steuereinheit 20 und von dieser über die Steuerleitung zum ersten Schaltventil 14 eine Veranlassung zur Öffnung des Schaltventils 14, so daß die Kammer über die Verbindungsleitung 3 mit der ersten Vakuumquelle 5 verbunden ist. Es erfolgt weiterhin eine schnelle Absenkung des Druckniveaus in der Kammer auf das Druckniveau der Vakuumquelle 5, weil diese ein wesentlich größeres Volumen aufweist als eine Kammer der Maschine 1.
Wird eine Absenkung auf den gewünschten Wert erreicht, wird-über den Druckschalter 19 und die Steuereinheit 20 das Schließen des ersten Schaltventiles 14 veranlaßt. Danach oder schon zeitüberschneidend wird eine Verbindung über das Ventil 13 mit der Verbindungsleitung 14 zur Vakuumquelle 6, die das Feinvakuum darstellt, erreicht. Das zweite Schaltventil 15 befindet sich in der Offenstellung. Es wird nur auf eine geschlossene Position über die Steuereinheit 20 bewegt, wenn vor der Verbindung einer Kammer über das Ventil 13 mit der zweiten Vakuumquelle 6 festgestellt wurde, daß das Druckniveau des Druckschalters 18 nicht erreicht wurde und damit kein Öffnen des ersten Schaltventils 14 erfolgte. In diesem Falle wird über die Steuereinheit 20 das zweite Schaltventil 15 geschlossen, so daß auch nicht die Gefahr besteht, einen Anschluß zwischen einer nicht geschlossenen Kammer und dem Feinvakuum, das durch die zweite Vakuumquelle 6 dargestellt ist, eintreten kann, was einen Druckanstieg im Reservoir der zweiten Vakuumquelle 6 zur Folge hätte.The
If a reduction to the desired value is achieved, the closing of the
Wenn eine Kammer 2a nach dem Passieren der Stationen, in denen eine Verbindung zu den Vakuumquellen 5,6 nicht hergestellt werden konnte, die vorletzte Station, in der über das Ventil 13a ein Druckaustausch zu einer nachfolgenden Kammer folgen soll, erreicht hat, kann keine Druckerniedrigung in der nachfolgenden Kammer erzeugt werden, weil die in der vorletzten Station befindliche Kammer kein Vakuum aufweist. Die Kammer befindet sich noch unter Atmosphärendruck. Die nachfolgende Kammer erfährt über den nachfolgenden Anschluß über das Ventil 13 an das Ausgleichreservoir 16 eine Druckerniedrigung und zwar zu einem Wert hin, daß der Ansprechwert pa des ersten Druckschalters 18 unterschritten wird, so daß das erste Schaltventil 14 geöffnet wird, um eine weitere Druckabsenkung auf das Niveau der ersten Vakuumquelle 5 vornehmen zu können. Dies erfolgt jedoch nur, wenn auch diese Kammer dicht geschlossen ist. Ist eine Leckage gegeben, so reicht as Volumen des Ausgleichreservois 16 nicht aus, um eine Druckabsenkung unterhalb des Ansprechwertes pa des ersten Druckschalters 18 vorzunehmen. Das Schaltventil 14 bleibt in diesem Falle geschlossen. Das zweite Schaltventil wird zeitverzögert geschlossen. Damit ist insgesamt sichergestellt, daß nur dann eine Verbindung zu den beiden Vakuumquellen 5,6 der Vakuumzentrale hergestellt wird, wenn tatsächlich ein Evakuieren der Kammern auf das gewünschte Druckniveau möglich ist.If, after passing through the stations in which a connection to the
- 11
- Maschinemachine
- 2,2a2.2a
- KammernChambers
- 3,43.4
- VerbindungsleitungConnecting line
- 55
- erste Vakuumquellefirst vacuum source
- 66
- zweite Vakuumquellesecond vacuum source
- 7,87.8
- Raumroom
- 99
- Wandwall
- 1010th
- VakuumzentraleVacuum center
- 11,1211.12
- AnschlußschieberConnecting slide
- 13,13a13.13a
- VentilValve
- 1414
- erstes Schaltventilfirst switching valve
- 1515
- zweites Schaltventilsecond switching valve
- 1616
- AusgleichreservoirCompensation reservoir
- 1717th
- AnschlußleitungConnecting cable
- 1818th
- erster Druckschalterfirst pressure switch
- 1919th
- zweiter Druckschaltersecond pressure switch
- 2020th
- SteuereinheitControl unit
Claims (9)
- An evacuating device with a plurality of chambers (2, 2a) which, for the purpose of being evacuated down to a predetermined pressure level through connecting lines (3, 4), are connectable, one after the other, to a plurality of vacuum sources (5, 6) whose pressure is stepped downwards, with the connection being effected by valve control means associated with the connecting lines (3, 4),
characterised in
that the valve control means comprise a valve (13) which is connected in front of the chamber(s) (2, 2a) and which connects the chambers (2, 2a) with one each of the connecting lines (3, 4) or a further evacuating device, with switching valves (14, 15) being arranged in the connecting lines (3, 4) between the connection with the valve (13) and the vacuum sources (5, 6); that a first pressure switch (18) is provided between the first switching valve (14) of the connecting line (3) leading to the vacuum source (5) with the highest pressure level and the connection with the valve (13); that, when a certain first pressure level (pa) is reached, the first pressure switch (18) causes the first switching valve (14) to be opened and that, when said level is not reached, it causes the further switching valves (15) to be closed; that, when the first switching valve (14) is open and a second predetermined pressure level (pb) which is below the first pressure level (pa) is reached, the second pressure switch (19) reacts and causes the first switching valve (14) to be closed; and that the first evacuating device serves to evacuate the chamber (2) down to the pressure level at which the first pressure switch (18) reacts. - An evacuating device according to claim 1,
characterised in
that the pressure level (pa) at which the first pressure switch (18) reacts corresponds to a pressure level which is higher than the pressure level which occurs in the chamber when connected to the further evacuating device, but lower than the atmospheric pressure. - An evacuating device according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
characterised in
that the further evacuating device is formed by the vacuum of a chamber (2a) which has already been evacuated and which is connectable to the chamber (2) to be evacuated by means of the valve (13). - An evacuating device according to claim 3,
characterised in
that between the valve (13) and the first switching valve (14) there is arranged an equalising reservoir (16) which - in case, in the chamber (2a) connected by means of the valve (13) to the chamber (2) to be evacuated there is no vacuum or too low a vacuum for the exchange of pressure - is connectable to the chamber (2) to be evacuated for the purpose of an exchange of pressure to achieve the reaction pressure of the first pressure switch (18). - An evacuating device according to claim 4,
characterised in
that the pressure switches (18, 19) are connected to the equalising reservoir (16). - An evacuating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
characterised in
that there are provided two vacuum sources (5, 6) whose pressure is stepped downwards. - An evacuating device according to claim 1,
characterised in
that the first pressure switch (18), with a delay in time, causes the further switching valves (15) to be transferred into the closed position if the measured pressure level is higher than that of the first pressure level (pa), which further switching valves (15) are opened with a delay in time corresponding to the cycle time of the connection of a subsequent chamber (2, 2a) in which there exists a pressure level lower than that of the first pressure level (pa). - An evacuating device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
characterised in
that the vacuum sources are formed by the vacuum reservoirs (5, 6) of a central vacuum system (10). - An evacuating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
characterised
by being used in a packaging machine with at least two chambers (2, 2a) which, one after the other, are guided to different stations of which the first station is the inserting station and the last station the ventilation and removal station and that the chambers (2, 2a), after having left the inserting station, for the purpose of being evacuated, are connectable one after the other to vacuum sources (5, 6) whose pressure is stepped downwards.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4314052 | 1993-04-29 | ||
| DE4314052A DE4314052C1 (en) | 1993-04-29 | 1993-04-29 | Evacuation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0622301A1 EP0622301A1 (en) | 1994-11-02 |
| EP0622301B1 true EP0622301B1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
Family
ID=6486687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94104358A Expired - Lifetime EP0622301B1 (en) | 1993-04-29 | 1994-03-19 | Evacuation apparatus |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0622301B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE146144T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4314052C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0622301T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004024480A1 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-12-08 | Felix Rudolf Bilz | Method and device for evacuating a chamber |
| CN105189293A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-12-23 | Gea食品策划德国股份有限公司 | Tool-integrated valve for rough and/or fine vacuum |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19500692C2 (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1998-09-10 | Felix Rudolf Bilz | System for reducing the pressure in the working chambers of several consumers connected to a central vacuum system |
| DE19909995A1 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2000-09-07 | Inova Pac Systeme Gmbh | Syringe filling and evacuating process comprises filling syringe, evacuating it so quickly that the liquid does not boil under reduced pressure and immediately sealing it |
| EP2987604B1 (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-11-16 | Krones AG | Device and method for vacuum recycling in a container treatment system |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT948042B (en) * | 1972-01-25 | 1973-05-30 | Vacuum Pump Spa | ROTARY VACUUM SEALING MACHINE FOR HEAT-SEALABLE PLASTIC CONTAINERS |
| DE2829889A1 (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-01-24 | Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg | Metal foil food packaging method - using deep drawing in successive stages in air tight chambers |
| JPS601208B2 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1985-01-12 | 株式会社古川製作所 | vacuum packaging equipment |
| CH662996A5 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1987-11-13 | Sig Schweiz Industrieges | DEVICE FOR EVACUATING AND SEALING FILLED BAGS. |
| JPS62182014A (en) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-08-10 | 株式会社 古川製作所 | Vacuum packer |
| NL8603176A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-07-01 | Calumatic Bv | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN IN THE SPACE ABOVE THE FILL WITHIN A CONTAINER |
| DE3736375C1 (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-02-02 | Muenchner Medizin Mechanik | Method of checking a gas steriliser for leaks and gas steriliser for performing the method |
-
1993
- 1993-04-29 DE DE4314052A patent/DE4314052C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-19 AT AT94104358T patent/ATE146144T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-19 EP EP94104358A patent/EP0622301B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-19 DK DK94104358.0T patent/DK0622301T3/en active
- 1994-03-19 DE DE59401229T patent/DE59401229D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004024480A1 (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-12-08 | Felix Rudolf Bilz | Method and device for evacuating a chamber |
| CN105189293A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-12-23 | Gea食品策划德国股份有限公司 | Tool-integrated valve for rough and/or fine vacuum |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE146144T1 (en) | 1996-12-15 |
| DE4314052C1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
| DE59401229D1 (en) | 1997-01-23 |
| DK0622301T3 (en) | 1997-06-16 |
| EP0622301A1 (en) | 1994-11-02 |
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