EP0618987A1 - Soundproofing member and use thereof. - Google Patents

Soundproofing member and use thereof.

Info

Publication number
EP0618987A1
EP0618987A1 EP93924098A EP93924098A EP0618987A1 EP 0618987 A1 EP0618987 A1 EP 0618987A1 EP 93924098 A EP93924098 A EP 93924098A EP 93924098 A EP93924098 A EP 93924098A EP 0618987 A1 EP0618987 A1 EP 0618987A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
visor
noise
element according
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93924098A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0618987B1 (en
Inventor
Henri Vallade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
L'ENTREPRISE INDUSTRIELLE
Original Assignee
L'ENTREPRISE INDUSTRIELLE
IND L ENTERPRISE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L'ENTREPRISE INDUSTRIELLE, IND L ENTERPRISE filed Critical L'ENTREPRISE INDUSTRIELLE
Publication of EP0618987A1 publication Critical patent/EP0618987A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0618987B1 publication Critical patent/EP0618987B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0029—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with porous surfaces, e.g. concrete with porous fillers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0017—Plate-like elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a noise protection element and to its use.
  • the noise caused in urban areas by the movement of motor vehicles or railways constitutes one of the irreducible nuisances due to the constant increase in traffic, although increasingly strict standards are established, in order to reduce the noise level inherent in each type of vehicle.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by the use of a noise protection element which, although having a slight modification of structure, allows a significant increase in attenuation, or loss, to be obtained. by insertion, noise generated in the vicinity of a traffic lane.
  • a noise protection element which, although having a slight modification of structure, allows a significant increase in attenuation, or loss, to be obtained. by insertion, noise generated in the vicinity of a traffic lane.
  • Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a modular-type protective assembly element, which makes it possible to envisage great flexibility of use, depending on the topography or the configuration of the places of implantation.
  • the noise protection element that is the subject of the present invention, intended by assembly to form a noise protection wall, is remarkable in that it comprises a substantially flat panel, of determined height, and a visor formed by a substantially flat strip, this visor being mounted at one end of the panel and the plane containing the visor being inclined relative to the plane containing the panel at an angle ⁇ between 7 ° and 55 °.
  • the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention finds application in the soundproofing of motorways, roads or motorways, or railways or, where appropriate, runways or sections of runways at airports.
  • FIG. 1a represents a perspective view of a noise protection element in accordance with the object of the present invention
  • FIG. 1b represents a sectional view of the element of FIG. 1a according to the section plane AA of this figure
  • FIG. 1b the figure represents a right view of FIG. 1b
  • - Figure 2a shows at its various points I, II and III an installation of comparative tests respectively for a noise barrier of the traditional type, a noise barrier with visor according to the object of the present invention, and a conventional inclined noise barrier used as an intermediate reference
  • - Figure 2b shows in the form of an attenuation diagram in dB, or insertion losses / frequency, for the different situations represented in Figure 2a for the RI receiver placed at the edge of the geometric shadow
  • - Figure 2c represents in the form attenuation diagram in dB, or insertion losses / frequency, for the different situations represented in FIG. 2a for the receiver R2 placed in the geometric shadow,
  • FIG. 2d represents in the form of an attenuation diagram in dBA or insertion losses after weighted average over the entire frequency band of the noise spectrum in different cases corresponding to a pink noise, a traffic noise and rail for the different situations represented in FIG. 2a, for the receiver Ri at the shadow limit,
  • FIG. 2e represents in the form of an attenuation diagram in dBA, or insertion losses after weighted average over the whole of the frequency band of the noise spectrum in different cases corresponding to pink noise, channel noise of automobile and rail traffic, for the different situations represented in FIG. 2a,
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of part of a noise protection element according to the invention
  • FIG. 4a shows a first mode of use of one or more elements of protection against noise according to the invention
  • ⁇ - Figure 4b shows a second mode of use of one or more noise protection elements according to the invention, in the case of a traffic lane formed of two traffic lanes in opposite directions .
  • a more detailed description of the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention will now be given in conjunction with FIG. 1 a and the following figures.
  • the noise protection element object of the present invention is intended, by assembly, to form a noise protection wall.
  • a panel 1 substantially planar and of determined height, this height being denoted H in FIG.
  • It also includes a visor 2 formed by a substantially planar strip, this visor being mounted at one end of the panel 1.
  • the plane containing the visor 2 is inclined relative to the plane containing the panel 1 at an angle ⁇ for example between 7 ° and 55 °.
  • the strip forming the visor 2 has a transverse dimension such that this dimension projected in the plane of the panel 1, and referenced h in the above-mentioned figure, is between 10/100 and 30/100 of the height of the aforementioned panel 1.
  • the strip forming the visor 2 may have a transverse dimension, which is of course perpendicular to the corresponding dimension of the edge of the panel 1 different according to the applications considered, as well as 'It will be described later in the description.
  • the visor 2 can be attached to one of the edges of the panel, the visor 2 can then be assembled using all means suitable for the edge of the panel so as to ensure sufficient rigidity and mechanical cohesion of the assembly.
  • the panel 1 can advantageously be subdivided into elementary panels, which are denoted 1 : 1 2 and 1 3 , for example, the various elementary panels which can be assembled by means of a tenon and mortise type assembly, for example, so as to thus constitute a single panel 1 provided with its visor, as shown in FIG.
  • the elementary panel 1_ may advantageously be constituted by the elementary panel itself substantially planar, provided with a visor 2 while the elementary panels 1 2 and 1 3 are planar panels substantially rectangular intended to be superimposed so as to form part of the panel 1, which is completed by the elementary panel 1_ provided with its visor 2.
  • the visor 2 and the panel 1, or respectively the visor 2 and the elementary panel 1_ are in one piece and formed from the same material.
  • the material used to produce either the elementary panels 1 2 , 1 3 , or the overall panel 1, or the elementary panel l x , provided with its visor 2 can be made of reinforced cement or not, all of the elements thus produced, constituting a noise protection element, in accordance with the object of the present invention, can be prefabricated and conformed to standardized dimensions.
  • FIGS. 1b and 1a on the one hand with respect to FIG. 1b, there is shown a sectional view in the section plane AA of FIG. 1, and, on the other hand, in FIG. according to the arrow shown in Figure lb of the latter figure.
  • the latter may be provided with a coating made of a material absorbing the sound energy generated by the movement of vehicles traveling on a track of corresponding circulation.
  • the elementary panels or the panel and the visor 2 can also be made of cement, the layer or internal face of the protective element, the internal face being defined as the face according to which the concavity of the panel 1 and of the visor 2 is turned, being provided with a layer of absorbent material.
  • an absorbent material can be provided, such as a composite material of the Concrete-Wood type marketed under the trademark "Concrete-Wood-System" by the applicant.
  • this material is a composite material of concrete and wood fibers, which has given complete satisfaction with regard to the characteristics of noise absorption or, more generally, of sound energy.
  • the coating can also be constituted by way of nonlimiting example by a sandwich comprising for example a layer of material of the cellular foam or polystyrene type, material used for example in anechoic chambers, this first material being covered with '' a layer of Concrete-Wood ensuring the protection of the layer of cellular alveolar material for example.
  • the coating when the latter is attached to the element, and in particular on the panel 1 constituting the latter, may include grooves denoted 100 in the figure. the, these grooves being directed in the direction of the dimension H of the panel 1. These grooves have the function of thus producing the equivalent of a network allowing, as shown in FIG.
  • the grooves or corrugations shown on the face of the panel 1 preferably have dimensions of a few centimeters with a repetition step of the corresponding network.
  • Figures 1b and the splines are noted with the reference 100.
  • the absorbent coating can be provided with grooves in the direction of the height of the panel formed by a network.
  • the network can be formed by a succession of slots and steps or grooves of rectangular section.
  • the flat panel consists of an absorbent coating added or integrated on the surface subjected to noise. This is an absorbent and insulating system.
  • the visor is preferably unique ⁇ ment consists of an absorbent coating.
  • This is an absorbent and diffusing system.
  • the fact of introducing the aforementioned grooves to form a corresponding network allows, for an incident wave of level 100 dB, to obtain a scattered wave the level of which is 90 dB, ie an attenuation of 10 dB.
  • Such a configuration makes it possible to cause a diffusion preferentially to a reflection of the energy. sound source of noise and maximum attenuation of the latter.
  • the noise protection element that is the subject of the invention can be stuck in the ground on a support base marked S, the base being buried in the ground and a plurality of elements being assembled in a direction orthogonal to direc ⁇ tion H, perpendicular to the plane of Figure lb and the arrow shown thereon to form a noise barrier.
  • test conditions are shown in FIG. 2a for the traditional solution, that is to say when a wall of the conventional type is used.
  • the wall had a height of 3.06 m for a thickness of 20 cm, this wall being produced for example by a substantially flat concrete module.
  • the line joining the source S and the distal end of this wall is called the limit of the shadow cast by the wall, this line being represented in phantom in Figure 2a at point I.
  • the measurement consisted of a differential measurement between a first reference receiver or microphone, marked MR, placed at a distance of 1 m on the line of the shadow line from the wall and a first receiver noted RI was placed on this same line, shadow line of the wall, beyond the wall and in direct view of the source S at a distance of 1 m from the latter, the receiver RI therefore being in direct view of the source S.
  • a second receiver R2 was placed at a distance of 5 m from The distal end of the wall and at the same height as the latter. The R2 receiver was placed at a distance of 5 m from the wall beyond it in the direction of noise propagation.
  • the receivers RI and R2 make it possible to carry out a differential measurement, which can be, thanks to the reference microphone MR, corrected in addition due to the attenuation of the distance between the source S and the receivers RI and R2 , which allows to deduce the attenuation or losses by insertion in decibels, due to the presence of the wall in the traditional solution I, respectively of the visor element in situation II with or without coating or absorbent coating, respectively situation III. It will be noted that this latter situation corresponds to an inclined wall, height after inclination of 3.03 m, for a slope distance to the ground of 0.44 m.
  • the attenuation curve in this case is relatively irregular due to the geometric nature of the element thus formed and the nature of the material used, concrete in the absence of absorbent coating.
  • FIG. 2b also shows the situation in which the protective element which is the subject of the present invention is accompanied by an absorbent coating or coating.
  • the attenuation dip at the frequency of 250 Hertz is notably attenuated and the average value of the attenuation is appreciably increased, in particular at high frequencies, between 2000 and 4000 at 5000 Hertz, in particular with respect, on the one hand to the traditional solution, and, on the other hand, with respect to the element object of the present invention used in the absence of absorbent coating.
  • the tests relating to the inclined wall under the conditions represented in FIG. 2a are represented in the same FIG. 2b and it can be seen that if the general appearance of the corresponding curve corresponds to that of the traditional solution, the inclination has the effect of cause attenuation or loss by insertion higher in the entire frequency range, the attenuation caused by the inclined wall being however not greater than that caused by the noise protection element, object of the present invention, provided with an absorbent coating only for very high frequencies of the order of 4000 Hertz. It will also be noted that for this latter value the attenuation of the inclined wall, although greater, is substantially equivalent to that which was caused by the protective element object of the invention when it is provided with an absorbent coating.
  • the overall result of the noise protection element object of the present invention when it is provided with an absorbent coating is higher in all frequency ranges than the solution traditional on the one hand, and on the other hand the corresponding element object of the invention in the absence of absorbent coating, while the attenuation of the noise protection element according to the invention, when that -this is provided with an absorbent coating, is only slightly lower than that caused by the inclined wall in the high frequency range.
  • FIG. 2c a comparative diagram has been shown for similar situations for the receiver R2 situated in the geometric shadow of the noise protection.
  • Attenuation irregularities There are also attenuation irregularities. tion when the element with visor without absorbent coating or coating is used with an attenuation peak at 500 Hertz whereas when the element with visor in accordance with the object of the present invention is used with an absorbent coating or coating , and a relative minimum attenuation can be highlighted at 250 Hz and the attenuation caused by the latter being always greater than or equal to that caused by the wall inclined at low frequencies between 125 Hz and 250 Hz, l attenuation being on the contrary comparable in the frequency domain beyond 250 Hz.
  • FIGS. 2d and 2e show the overall result of the comparative measurements previously described in connection with FIGS. 2b and 2c, these results having been submitted, as regards the measurements as a function of frequency, to a weighted average so as to globalize the attenuation or loss by insertion measured in dBA for a pink noise for which the energy of the noise as a function of the frequency has a substantially uniform distribution, of a noise corresponding to that generated by vehicles on a road then, respectively , a noise corresponding to that generated by a high-speed rail vehicle of the TGV type. It is understood that for the production of the noise diagrams represented in FIGS. 2d and 2e a filtering corresponding by means of suitable filtering templates was used on the aforementioned measurements from the receiver or microphone of reference MR.
  • the attenuation provided by the element with visor, object of the invention and provided with an absorbent coating is much greater than the attenuation caused by the traditional solution or even the use of an element with a visor in the absence of a coating or absorbent coating, while this same attenuation is still greater than that obtained by means of an inclined wall.
  • the visor 2 can be produced by a concrete veil 200 with a thickness of 3 to 4 cm when an absorbent coating, reference 201, is used.
  • the absorbent coating may preferably have a thickness of the order of 5 to 10 cm.
  • the absorbent coating is applied to the concrete veil 200 and adhesion to the latter and mechanical cohesion are carried out in accordance with conventional techniques for using this type of material. These operating conditions are known to those skilled in the art and can reduce to the implementation of conventional type concrete.
  • the visor 2 can be produced, as well as the silencing panel 1_, by a one-piece concrete element having a comparable thickness of the order of 11 to 15 cm for example.
  • angle ⁇ between the plane of the panel proper and said part of the elementary panel l x constituting it and the visor 2, can take the values previously indicated in the description, this depending on desired applications. The same applies to the projected height of the visor h.
  • the visor has an edge or border having in a cross section plane of the panel and the visor 2 a continuous curvature.
  • the border is denoted 203 in FIG. 3. It is indicated that the border constitutes either a leading edge for the sound energy in direct vision and propagating substantially according to a spherical wave in the plane of FIG. 3, or all less cylindrical when ⁇ the railway vehicle is constituted by a train of very great length compared to the length of one element of protec ⁇ tion against noise object of the present invention, and a trailing edge vis-à-vis the sound energy propagating by reverberation and diffraction by the panel 1 proper and in particular by the network that the latter comprises.
  • the leading or trailing edge is straight and parallel to the plane of the panel 1. It will however be noted that this embodiment, although satisfactory, does not allow a substantially analogous processing, depending on the frequency, of the sound energy received in direct or reverberated vision during the diffraction phenomenon, due to the corresponding discontinuity on the upper edge of the border.
  • the border forming the leading edge, respectively the trailing edge has a continuously varying radius of curvature in the cross section plane of the panel and of the visor. This radius of curvature has its minimum values at the distal end of the visor, as shown in solid lines in FIG. 3. It will be noted that the lower edge of the border can then however be parallel to the plane of the panel 1.
  • the shape of the border thus represented in solid lines in FIG. 3 ensures a more uniform treatment of the phenomenon of diffraction of sound energy as a function of frequency.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b An example of a particularly advantageous use of the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention will be given in connection with FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the element according to the invention can be used in order to reduce the noise generated by a traffic lane, a plurality of elements, as shown in FIG. 4a, being mounted contiguously on at least one of the sides of the traffic way. In such a case, the leading edge or border of the visor 2 is directed towards the axis of the taxiway.
  • Figure 4a there is shown the use of a protective element according to the object of the present invention in the vicinity of a railroad allowing the movement of a high speed train for example.
  • the source of rolling noise being essentially located at the level of the rails
  • the anti-noise element in accordance with the object of the present invention and the anti-noise wall thus formed are placed relative to the nearest noise-generating rail, so that the line joining the base of the visor 2 in direct vision and the top of the rail and the horizontal, at this top, constitute an angle of the order of 30 °. It has indeed been observed during experiments carried out on site that the maximum sound energy and therefore noise generated by such a vehicle is obtained for an angle 30 ° from the horizontal.
  • each panel has a height xa with x of between 2.5 and 4, 2.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 4. Furthermore, the panels are mounted facing each other. opposite at a distance ya, with including between 3 and 6, 3 ⁇ y ⁇ 6. symmetrically to the axis of the track or to the central axis involved.
  • the visors 2 are oriented towards the central axis of the track or towards the central axis involved.
  • the noise protection elements constituting the noise barrier object of the present invention can be mounted in a modular manner as described above in the description, depending on the application. considered, a basic elementary panel being fixed in a solid concrete comprising a barbican.
  • the use of the noise protection element object of the present invention is not limited to protection against noise generated by rail vehicles traveling at high speed but can also be considered in the case of road or motorway for which the above parameters can be adapted according to the corresponding geometric dimensions, each lane being replaced by an average traffic lane on each roadway.
  • the most effective solution in terms of overall loss by insertion is the element comprising a visor provided with an absorbent coating, the gain compared to the traditional solution being of the order 1.5 dBA in the case of road noise, and of the order of 2.0 dBA in the case of railway noise caused by a high-speed train.
  • the solution consisting of a visor element in the absence of an absorbent coating can also be used in the case of protection against noise of railway origin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de protection contre le bruit destiné à former un mur anti-bruit. Chaque élément comprend un élément (1) sensiblement plan de hauteur déterminée et une visière (2) formée par une bande sensiblement plane. La visière aimantée à une extrémité du panneau (1) et le plan contenant la visière sont inclinés par rapport au plan du panneau d'un angle alpha compris entre 7° et 55°. Application à la protection contre le bruit engendré par les véhicules ferroviaires à grande vitesse ou les bruits d'origine routière.The invention relates to a noise shielding element for forming a noise barrier. Each element comprises a substantially plane element (1) of determined height and a visor (2) formed by a substantially flat strip. The magnetic visor at one end of the panel (1) and the plane containing the visor are inclined relative to the plane of the panel by an angle alpha of between 7 ° and 55 °. Application to protection against noise generated by high-speed rail vehicles or noise of road origin.

Description

ELEMENT DE PROTECTION CONTRE LE BRUIT ET SON UTILISATION PROTECTION AGAINST NOISE AND ITS USE
La présente invention est relative à un élément de protection contre le bruit et à son utilisation. Le bruit provoqué dans les zones urbaines par le déplacement de véhicules automobiles ou ferroviaires constitue 1'une des nuisances irréductibles en raison de l'augmentation constante du trafic, bien que des normes de plus en plus contraignantes soient établies, afin de réduire le niveau sonore inhérent à chaque type de véhicule.The present invention relates to a noise protection element and to its use. The noise caused in urban areas by the movement of motor vehicles or railways constitutes one of the irreducible nuisances due to the constant increase in traffic, although increasingly strict standards are established, in order to reduce the noise level inherent in each type of vehicle.
L'avènement des transports en commun permet de remédier partiellement à cette augmentation, mais les véhicules de transport modernes tels que les véhicules ferroviaires à grande vitesse sont générateurs d'un niveau sonore spécifique, lequel bien que non nécessairement supérieur à celui engendré par des véhicules de transport plus classiques, présente une distribution spectrale différente.The advent of public transport partially remedies this increase, but modern transport vehicles such as high-speed rail vehicles generate a specific noise level, which although not necessarily higher than that generated by vehicles more conventional transport, has a different spectral distribution.
Afin de réduire les nuisances correspondantes on a proposé -d'installer, le long des voies de communication, routières ou ferroviaires, des murs antibruit permettant d'atténuer la propagation du bruit , notamment de roulement, provoqué sur ces voies par les véhicules précités.In order to reduce the corresponding nuisances, it has been proposed to install, along the communication routes, road or rail, noise barriers making it possible to attenuate the propagation of noise, in particular of rolling noise, caused on these routes by the aforementioned vehicles.
Ces murs donnent satisfaction, mais dans le cas des véhicules ferroviaires à grande vitesse, notamment, l'atté¬ nuation du bruit engendré par le passage de ce type de véhicule n'est pas optimale, en raison précisément de la spécificité du spectre de fréquence de bruit engendré par ce dernier. La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients précités par la mise en oeuvre d'un élément de protection contre le bruit lequel, bien que présentant une modification légère de structure, permet d'obtenir une augmentation significative de l'atténuation, ou perte par insertion, du bruit engendré au voisinage d'une voie de circulation. Un autre objet de la présente invention est la mise en oeuvre d'un élément de protection à assemblage de type modulaire, ce qui permet d'envisager une grande souplesse d'utilisation, en fonction de la topographie ou de la configuration des lieux d'implantation.These walls are satisfactory, but in the case of high-speed rail vehicles, in particular, the attenuation of the noise generated by the passage of this type of vehicle is not optimal, precisely because of the specificity of the frequency spectrum. noise generated by the latter. The present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by the use of a noise protection element which, although having a slight modification of structure, allows a significant increase in attenuation, or loss, to be obtained. by insertion, noise generated in the vicinity of a traffic lane. Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a modular-type protective assembly element, which makes it possible to envisage great flexibility of use, depending on the topography or the configuration of the places of implantation.
L'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention, destiné par assemblage à former un mur de protection antibruit, est remarquable en ce qu'il comprend un panneau sensiblement plan, de hauteur détermi- née, et une visière formée par une bande sensiblement plane, cette visière étant montée à une extrémité du panneau et le plan contenant la visière étant incliné par rapport au plan contenant le panneau d'un angle α compris entre 7° et 55°.The noise protection element that is the subject of the present invention, intended by assembly to form a noise protection wall, is remarkable in that it comprises a substantially flat panel, of determined height, and a visor formed by a substantially flat strip, this visor being mounted at one end of the panel and the plane containing the visor being inclined relative to the plane containing the panel at an angle α between 7 ° and 55 °.
L'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention trouve application à l'insonorisation des voies de circulation automobiles, routes ou autoroutes, ou ferroviaires ou, le cas échéant, des pistes ou tronçons de pistes d'aéroports.The noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention finds application in the soundproofing of motorways, roads or motorways, or railways or, where appropriate, runways or sections of runways at airports.
Une description plus complète de 1 'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention sera donnée ci-après en liaison avec les dessins dans lesquels :A more complete description of the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention will be given below in conjunction with the drawings in which:
- la figure la représente une vue en perspective d'un élément de protection contre le bruit conforme à l'objet de la présente invention,FIG. 1a represents a perspective view of a noise protection element in accordance with the object of the present invention,
- la figure lb représente une vue en coupe de l'élément de la figure la selon le plan de coupe AA de cette figure,FIG. 1b represents a sectional view of the element of FIG. 1a according to the section plane AA of this figure,
- la figure le représente une vue de droite de la figure lb,the figure represents a right view of FIG. 1b,
- la figure 2a représente en ses divers points I, II et III une installation d'essais comparatifs respectivement pour un mur antibruit de type traditionnel, un élément antibruit à visière conforme à l'objet de la présente invention, et un mur antibruit classique incliné utilisé comme référence intermédiaire, - la figure 2b représente sous forme de diagramme d'atténuation en dB, ou pertes d'insertion/fréquence, pour les différentes situations représentées en figure 2a pour le récepteur RI placé en limite d'ombre géométrique, - la figure 2c représente sous forme de diagramme d'atténuation en dB, ou pertes d'insertion/fréquence, pour les différentes situations représentées en figure 2a pour le récepteur R2 placé dans l'ombre géométrique,- Figure 2a shows at its various points I, II and III an installation of comparative tests respectively for a noise barrier of the traditional type, a noise barrier with visor according to the object of the present invention, and a conventional inclined noise barrier used as an intermediate reference, - Figure 2b shows in the form of an attenuation diagram in dB, or insertion losses / frequency, for the different situations represented in Figure 2a for the RI receiver placed at the edge of the geometric shadow, - Figure 2c represents in the form attenuation diagram in dB, or insertion losses / frequency, for the different situations represented in FIG. 2a for the receiver R2 placed in the geometric shadow,
- la figure 2d représente sous forme de diagramme d'atténuation en dBA ou pertes d'insertion après moyenne pondérée sur l'ensemble de la bande de fréquence du spectre de bruit dans différents cas correspondant à un bruit rose, un bruit de circulation automobile et ferroviaire pour les différentes situations représentées en figure 2a, pour le récepteur Ri en limite d'ombre,FIG. 2d represents in the form of an attenuation diagram in dBA or insertion losses after weighted average over the entire frequency band of the noise spectrum in different cases corresponding to a pink noise, a traffic noise and rail for the different situations represented in FIG. 2a, for the receiver Ri at the shadow limit,
- la figure 2e représente sous forme de diagramme d'atténuation en dBA, ou pertes d'insertion après moyenne pondérée sur 1'ensemble de la bande de fréquence du spectre de bruit dans différents cas correspondant à un bruit rose, un bruit de voie de circulation automobile et ferroviaire, pour les différentes situations représentées en figure 2a,FIG. 2e represents in the form of an attenuation diagram in dBA, or insertion losses after weighted average over the whole of the frequency band of the noise spectrum in different cases corresponding to pink noise, channel noise of automobile and rail traffic, for the different situations represented in FIG. 2a,
- la figure 3 représente une variante de réalisation d'une partie d'un élément de protection contre le bruit selon l'invention, - la figure 4a représente un premier mode d'utilisa¬ tion d'un ou plusieurs éléments de protection contre le bruit selon l'invention,- Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of part of a noise protection element according to the invention, - Figure 4a shows a first mode of use of one or more elements of protection against noise according to the invention,
^- la figure 4b représente un deuxième mode d'utili¬ sation d'un ou plusieurs éléments de protection contre le bruit selon l'invention, dans le cas d'une voie de circula¬ tion formée de deux pistes de circulation en sens contraire. Une description plus détaillée de l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention sera maintenant donnée en liaison avec la figure la et les figures suivantes.^ - Figure 4b shows a second mode of use of one or more noise protection elements according to the invention, in the case of a traffic lane formed of two traffic lanes in opposite directions . A more detailed description of the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention will now be given in conjunction with FIG. 1 a and the following figures.
Ainsi qu'on l'a représenté sur la figure la préci- tée, l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention est destiné, par assemblage, à former un mur de protection anti-bruit.As shown in the figure the above tee, the noise protection element object of the present invention is intended, by assembly, to form a noise protection wall.
De manière particulièrement avantageuse, il comprend un panneau 1 sensiblement plan et de hauteur déterminée, cette hauteur étant notée H sur la figure la. Il comporte également une visière 2 formée par une bande sensiblement plane, cette visière étant montée à une extrémité du panneau 1. Ainsi qu'on le remarquera sur la figure la, le plan contenant la visière 2 est inclinée par rapport au plan contenant le panneau 1 d'un angle α compris par exemple entre 7° et 55° .In a particularly advantageous manner, it comprises a panel 1 substantially planar and of determined height, this height being denoted H in FIG. It also includes a visor 2 formed by a substantially planar strip, this visor being mounted at one end of the panel 1. As will be seen in FIG. La, the plane containing the visor 2 is inclined relative to the plane containing the panel 1 at an angle α for example between 7 ° and 55 °.
Ainsi qu'on le remarquera en outre à l'observation de la figure la, la bande formant la visière 2 présente une dimension transversale telle que cette dimension projetée dans le plan du panneau 1, et référencée h sur la figure précitée, est comprise entre 10/100 et 30/100 de la hauteur du panneau 1 précité.As will also be observed on observing FIG. 1a, the strip forming the visor 2 has a transverse dimension such that this dimension projected in the plane of the panel 1, and referenced h in the above-mentioned figure, is between 10/100 and 30/100 of the height of the aforementioned panel 1.
On comprend bien sûr que, de manière avantageuse et en fonction des applications, la bande formant la visière 2 peut avoir une dimension transversale, laquelle est bien entendu perpendiculaire à la dimension correspondante du bord du panneau 1 différente en fonction des applications considérées, ainsi qu'il sera décrit ultérieurement dans la description.It is of course understood that, advantageously and depending on the applications, the strip forming the visor 2 may have a transverse dimension, which is of course perpendicular to the corresponding dimension of the edge of the panel 1 different according to the applications considered, as well as 'It will be described later in the description.
Selon une première caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse de l'élément de protection contre le bruit, objet de la présente invention, la visière 2 peut être rapportée sur l'un des bords du panneau, la visière 2 pouvant alors être assemblée à 1'aide de tous moyens con¬ venables au bord du panneau de façon à assurer une rigidité et une cohésion mécaniques de l'ensemble suffisantes.According to a first particularly advantageous characteristic of the noise protection element, object of the present invention, the visor 2 can be attached to one of the edges of the panel, the visor 2 can then be assembled using all means suitable for the edge of the panel so as to ensure sufficient rigidity and mechanical cohesion of the assembly.
On comprend en outre que le panneau 1 peut de manière avantageuse être subdivisé en panneaux élémentaires, lesquels sont notés 1: 12 et 13, par exemple, les différents panneaux élémentaires pouvant être assemblés au moyen d'un assemblage de type tenon et mortaise, par exemple, de façon à constituer ainsi un panneau unique 1 muni de sa visière, tel que représenté en figure la. On notera ainsi que le panneau élémentaire 1_ peut avantageusement être constitué par le panneau élémentaire proprement dit sensiblement plan, muni d'une visière 2 alors que les panneaux élémentaires 12 et 13 sont des panneaux plans sensiblement rectangulaires destinés à être superposés de façon à former une partie du panneau 1, lequel est complété par le panneau élémentaire 1_ muni de sa visière 2.It is further understood that the panel 1 can advantageously be subdivided into elementary panels, which are denoted 1 : 1 2 and 1 3 , for example, the various elementary panels which can be assembled by means of a tenon and mortise type assembly, for example, so as to thus constitute a single panel 1 provided with its visor, as shown in FIG. It will thus be noted that the elementary panel 1_ may advantageously be constituted by the elementary panel itself substantially planar, provided with a visor 2 while the elementary panels 1 2 and 1 3 are planar panels substantially rectangular intended to be superimposed so as to form part of the panel 1, which is completed by the elementary panel 1_ provided with its visor 2.
Selon une variante de réalisation particulièrement avantageuse, la visière 2 et le panneau 1, ou respectivement la visière 2 et le panneau élémentaire 1_ sont monoblocs et formés en un même matériau. D'une manière générale, on considère que le matériau utilisé pour réaliser soit les panneaux élémentaires 12, 13, soit le panneau global 1, soit le panneau élémentaire lx, muni de sa visière 2, peut être constitué par du ciment armé ou non, l'ensemble des éléments ainsi réalisés, constitutifs d'un élément de protection contre le bruit, conformément à l'objet de la présente invention, pouvant être préfabriqué et conformé à des dimensions standardisées.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the visor 2 and the panel 1, or respectively the visor 2 and the elementary panel 1_ are in one piece and formed from the same material. In general, it is considered that the material used to produce either the elementary panels 1 2 , 1 3 , or the overall panel 1, or the elementary panel l x , provided with its visor 2, can be made of reinforced cement or not, all of the elements thus produced, constituting a noise protection element, in accordance with the object of the present invention, can be prefabricated and conformed to standardized dimensions.
Sur les figures lb et le on a représenté d'une part en ce qui concerne la figure lb, une vue en coupe dans le plan de coupe AA de la figure 1, et, d'autre part, en figure le une vue de droite selon la flèche représentée en figure lb de cette dernière figure.In FIGS. 1b and 1a, on the one hand with respect to FIG. 1b, there is shown a sectional view in the section plane AA of FIG. 1, and, on the other hand, in FIG. according to the arrow shown in Figure lb of the latter figure.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente inven- tion, ce dernier peut être muni d'un revêtement constitué en un matériau absorbant de 1'énergie sonore engendrée par le déplacement des véhicules circulant sur une voie de circula¬ tion correspondante. Dans un tel cas, les panneaux élémen¬ taires ou le panneau et la visière 2 peuvent être constitués également en ciment, la couche ou face interne de l'élément de protection, la face interne étant définie comme la face selon laquelle la concavité du panneau 1 et de la visière 2 est tournée, étant munie d'une couche de matériau absorbant. D'une manière générale, on pourra prévoir un matériau absorbant, tel qu'un matériau composite de type Béton-Bois commercialisé sous la marque de commerce "Béton- Bois-Système" par la demanderesse.According to an advantageous characteristic of the noise protection element object of the present invention, the latter may be provided with a coating made of a material absorbing the sound energy generated by the movement of vehicles traveling on a track of corresponding circulation. In such a case, the elementary panels or the panel and the visor 2 can also be made of cement, the layer or internal face of the protective element, the internal face being defined as the face according to which the concavity of the panel 1 and of the visor 2 is turned, being provided with a layer of absorbent material. In general, an absorbent material can be provided, such as a composite material of the Concrete-Wood type marketed under the trademark "Concrete-Wood-System" by the applicant.
On notera que ce matériau est un matériau composite de béton et de fibres de bois, lequel a donné entière satisfaction en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques d'absorption de bruit ou, de manière plus générale, d'éner¬ gie sonore.It will be noted that this material is a composite material of concrete and wood fibers, which has given complete satisfaction with regard to the characteristics of noise absorption or, more generally, of sound energy.
On notera en outre que le revêtement peut également être constitué à titre d'exemple non limitatif par un sandwich comportant par exemple une couche de matériau de type mousse alvéolaire ou polystyrène, matériau utilisé par exemple dans les chambres anéchoïdes, ce premier matériau étant recouvert d'une couche de Béton-Bois assurant la protection de la couche de matériau cellulaire alvéolaire par exemple. En outre, ainsi qu'on l'a représenté en figure le, le revêtement, lorsque celui-ci est rapporté sur l'élément, et en particulier sur le panneau 1 constitutif de ce dernier, peut comporter des cannelures notées 100 sur la figure le, ces cannelures étant dirigées dans le sens de la dimension H du panneau 1. Ces cannelures ont pour fonction de réaliser ainsi l'équivalent d'un réseau permettant, ainsi que représenté en figure lb, de former une structure rayon¬ nante par réverbération présentant des lignes d'équi- amplitude de rayonnement sensiblement elliptiques, le sommet supérieur des ellipses successives du diagramme de rayonne¬ ment étant en outre soumis à atténuation du fait de la présence de la visière 2, ce qui permet de réduire l'énergie sonore effectivement rayonnée par diffraction, en particu¬ lier vers la partie arrière délimitée par la face convexe de l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention. On notera que, d'une manière générale, les cannelures ou corrugations représentées sur la face du panneau 1 ont de préférence des dimensions de quelques centimètres avec un pas de répétition du réseau correspon¬ dant. Sur les figures lb et le les cannelures sont notées avec la référence 100.Note also that the coating can also be constituted by way of nonlimiting example by a sandwich comprising for example a layer of material of the cellular foam or polystyrene type, material used for example in anechoic chambers, this first material being covered with '' a layer of Concrete-Wood ensuring the protection of the layer of cellular alveolar material for example. In addition, as shown in FIG, the coating, when the latter is attached to the element, and in particular on the panel 1 constituting the latter, may include grooves denoted 100 in the figure. the, these grooves being directed in the direction of the dimension H of the panel 1. These grooves have the function of thus producing the equivalent of a network allowing, as shown in FIG. 1b, to form a radiating structure by reverberation having substantially elliptical lines of radiation amplitude, the upper vertex of the successive ellipses of the ray diagram being also subject to attenuation due to the presence of the visor 2, which makes it possible to reduce the sound energy actually radiated by diffraction, in particular binding towards the rear part delimited by the convex face of the noise protection element object of the present invention. It should be noted that, in general, the grooves or corrugations shown on the face of the panel 1 preferably have dimensions of a few centimeters with a repetition step of the corresponding network. In Figures 1b and the splines are noted with the reference 100.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, le revêtement absorbant peut être muni de cannelures dans le sens de la hauteur du panneau formées par un réseau. Le réseau peut être formé par une succession de créneaux et de redans ou sillons de section rectangulaire. Dans un mode de réalisa¬ tion préférentiel, le rapport de la profondeur p des sillons à la distance entre-axe e entre deux créneaux, lorsque sillons et créneaux ont même dimension, a dans la direction de l'entraxe, avec e = 2a, est pris égal à p = p., tel que 0,76 < p ≤ 0,85. ~ According to an advantageous characteristic, the absorbent coating can be provided with grooves in the direction of the height of the panel formed by a network. The network can be formed by a succession of slots and steps or grooves of rectangular section. In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the depth p of the furrows to the distance between axes e between two slots, when the furrows and slots have the same dimension, a in the direction of the center distance, with e = 2a, is taken equal to p = p., such that 0.76 <p ≤ 0.85. ~
On a pu constater que ce rapport permettait d'obte¬ nir une atténuation maximale de l'onde sonore incidente, dans une bande de fréquences de 100 Hz à 5 000 Hz, laquelle en raison des paramètres physiques du réseau ainsi formé est soumise essentiellement à un phénomène de diffusion et non plus de réflexion, avec une atténuation correspondante de l'onde diffusée.It has been observed that this report makes it possible to obtain maximum attenuation of the incident sound wave, in a frequency band from 100 Hz to 5,000 Hz, which due to the physical parameters of the network thus formed is essentially subjected to a phenomenon of diffusion and no longer of reflection, with a corresponding attenuation of the diffused wave.
Le panneau plan est constitué de revêtement absor- bant rapporté ou intégré sur la surface soumise au bruit. Il s'agit en cela d'un système absorbant et isolant.The flat panel consists of an absorbent coating added or integrated on the surface subjected to noise. This is an absorbent and insulating system.
Par contre, la visière est, de préférence, unique¬ ment constituée d'un revêtement absorbant. 11 s'agit en cela d'un système absorbant et diffusant. Ainsi, pour un revêtement de type béton-bois dont le coefficient d'absorption est de 0,50 en l'absence de cannelures, le fait d'introduire les cannelures précitées pour former un réseau correspondant permet, pour une onde incidente de niveau 100 dB, d'obtenir une onde diffusée dont le niveau est de 90 dB, soit une atténuation de 10 dB.By cons, the visor is preferably unique¬ ment consists of an absorbent coating. This is an absorbent and diffusing system. Thus, for a concrete-wood type coating whose absorption coefficient is 0.50 in the absence of grooves, the fact of introducing the aforementioned grooves to form a corresponding network allows, for an incident wave of level 100 dB, to obtain a scattered wave the level of which is 90 dB, ie an attenuation of 10 dB.
Une telle configuration permet de provoquer une diffusion préferentiellement à une réflexion de l'énergie sonore source de bruit et une atténuation maximale de ce dernier.Such a configuration makes it possible to cause a diffusion preferentially to a reflection of the energy. sound source of noise and maximum attenuation of the latter.
Bien entendu, ainsi que représenté en figure lb, l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de l'invention peut être fiché en terre sur un socle de maintien noté S, le socle étant enterré dans le sol et une pluralité d'éléments étant assemblés dans une direction orthogonale à la direc¬ tion H, perpendiculaire au plan de la figure lb et à la flèche représentée sur celle-ci pour constituer un mur de protection anti-bruit.Of course, as shown in FIG. 1b, the noise protection element that is the subject of the invention can be stuck in the ground on a support base marked S, the base being buried in the ground and a plurality of elements being assembled in a direction orthogonal to direc¬ tion H, perpendicular to the plane of Figure lb and the arrow shown thereon to form a noise barrier.
Des résultats d'essais comparatifs d'un élément de protection contre le bruit conforme à l'objet de la présente invention, vis-à-vis de solutions traditionnelles telles qu'un simple mur, ou de solutions moins traditionnelles et classiques, telles qu'un mur incliné seront donnés en liaison avec les figures 2a à 2e.Results of comparative tests of a noise protection element in accordance with the object of the present invention, with respect to traditional solutions such as a simple wall, or less traditional and conventional solutions, such as 'an inclined wall will be given in connection with Figures 2a to 2e.
Les conditions d'essais sont représentées en figure 2a pour la solution traditionnelle, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'un mur de type classique est utilisé. Dans les conditions précitées, le mur présentait une hauteur de 3,06 m pour une épaisseur de 20 cm, ce mur étant réalisé par exemple par un module de béton sensiblement plan.The test conditions are shown in FIG. 2a for the traditional solution, that is to say when a wall of the conventional type is used. Under the aforementioned conditions, the wall had a height of 3.06 m for a thickness of 20 cm, this wall being produced for example by a substantially flat concrete module.
Une source sonore S constituée par une source explosive destinée à engendrer un échelon de bruit corres¬ pondant sensiblement à un échelon de Dirac, ou à tout le moins à une impulsion de bruit, était placée à une hauteur de 0,5 m du sol et à une distance de 4,3 m du mur. On appelle limite de l'ombre portée du mur la ligne joignant la source S et l'extrémité distale de ce mur, cette ligne étant représentée en traits mixtes sur la figure 2a au point I. La mesure a consisté en une mesure différentielle entre un premier récepteur ou microphone de référence, noté MR, placé à une distance de 1 m sur la ligne de limite d'ombre portée du mur et un premier récepteur noté RI a été placé sur cette même ligne, limite d'ombre portée du mur, au-delà du mur et en vision directe de la source S à une distance de 1 m de ce dernier, le récepteur RI étant de ce fait en vision directe de la source S. En outre, un deuxième récepteur R2 a été placé à une distance de 5 m de 1'extrémité distale du mur et à la même hauteur que cette dernière. Le récepteur R2 a été placé à une distance de 5 m du mur au-delà de celui-ci dans la direction de propagation du bruit.A sound source S constituted by an explosive source intended to generate a noise level corresponding substantially to a Dirac level, or at the very least to a noise pulse, was placed at a height of 0.5 m from the ground and at a distance of 4.3 m from the wall. The line joining the source S and the distal end of this wall is called the limit of the shadow cast by the wall, this line being represented in phantom in Figure 2a at point I. The measurement consisted of a differential measurement between a first reference receiver or microphone, marked MR, placed at a distance of 1 m on the line of the shadow line from the wall and a first receiver noted RI was placed on this same line, shadow line of the wall, beyond the wall and in direct view of the source S at a distance of 1 m from the latter, the receiver RI therefore being in direct view of the source S. In addition, a second receiver R2 was placed at a distance of 5 m from The distal end of the wall and at the same height as the latter. The R2 receiver was placed at a distance of 5 m from the wall beyond it in the direction of noise propagation.
Ainsi, les récepteurs RI et R2 permettent-ils d'effectuer une mesure différentielle, laquelle peut être, grâce au microphone de référence MR, corrigée en outre en raison de l'atténuation de la distance entre la source S et les récepteurs RI et R2, ce qui permet d'en déduire l'atté¬ nuation ou les pertes par insertion en décibels, du fait de la présence du mur dans la solution traditionnelle I, respectivement de l'élément à visière dans la situation II avec ou sans enduit ou revêtement absorbant, respectivement la situation III. On notera que cette dernière situation correspond à un mur incliné, de hauteur après inclinaison de 3,03 m, pour une distance d'inclinaison au sol de 0,44 m. On notera que les mesures effectuées lorsqu'un mur incliné à été introduit permettent de vérifier dans le cas où une équivalence des résultats au plan acoustique serait obtenue avec l'élément de protection anti-bruit objet de la présente invention que la solution proposée conformément à ce dernier est mécaniquement meilleure, dans la mesure où la réalisation d'un mur incliné et surtout le maintien de ce mur à une inclinaison désirée présente des problèmes de réalisation tout au moins lorsque ce mur est destiné à être réalisé à perpétuelle demeure. Sur la figure 2b, on a représenté pour un même signal source S, en fonction de la fréquence en Hertz, les pertes par insertion en dB mesurées par le récepteur RI en limite de 1'ombre après les corrections indiquées précédem¬ ment. On constate sur le diagramme correspondant, en ce qui concerne la solution traditionnelle d'une part, que les pertes par insertion sont sensiblement constantes à une valeur de 1 'ordre de 5dB pour une large bande de fréquence comprise entre 250 et 2000 Hertz, l'atténuation devenant faible pour les fréquences inférieures, mais au contraire plus élevées pour les fréquences comprises entre 2000 et 4000 à 5000 Hertz. Une telle constatation permet de justi¬ fier de la validité des essais comparatifs correspondants, la solution traditionnelle consistant en un mur classique étant prise comme référence.Thus, the receivers RI and R2 make it possible to carry out a differential measurement, which can be, thanks to the reference microphone MR, corrected in addition due to the attenuation of the distance between the source S and the receivers RI and R2 , which allows to deduce the attenuation or losses by insertion in decibels, due to the presence of the wall in the traditional solution I, respectively of the visor element in situation II with or without coating or absorbent coating, respectively situation III. It will be noted that this latter situation corresponds to an inclined wall, height after inclination of 3.03 m, for a slope distance to the ground of 0.44 m. It will be noted that the measurements carried out when an inclined wall has been introduced make it possible to verify in the event that an equivalence of the results from an acoustic point of view is obtained with the anti-noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention that the solution proposed in accordance the latter is mechanically better, insofar as the production of an inclined wall and above all the maintenance of this wall at a desired inclination presents production problems at least when this wall is intended to be produced in perpetual residence. In Figure 2b, there is shown for the same source signal S, as a function of the frequency in Hertz, the insertion losses in dB measured by the receiver RI at the edge of the shadow after the corrections indicated previously. It can be seen on the corresponding diagram, with regard to the traditional solution on the one hand, that the insertion losses are substantially constant at a value of about 5 dB for a wide frequency band between 250 and 2000 Hertz, the attenuation becoming weak for the lower frequencies, but on the contrary higher for the frequencies between 2000 and 4000 to 5000 Hertz. Such an observation justifies the validity of the corresponding comparative tests, the traditional solution consisting of a conventional wall being taken as a reference.
En ce qui concerne 1 'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention, des essais ont été effectués, d'une part en l'absence d'enduit ou de revêtement absorbant, situation pour laquelle l'atténuation présente un creux significatif à la fréquence de 250 Hertz, puis un maximum relatif à la valeur de 2000 Hertz et un minimum relatif aux fréquences hautes entre 2000 et 4000 à 5000With regard to the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention, tests have been carried out, on the one hand in the absence of an absorbent coating or coating, situation for which the attenuation has a significant dip at the frequency of 250 Hertz, then a maximum relating to the value of 2000 Hertz and a minimum relating to the high frequencies between 2000 and 4000 to 5000
Hertz. On notera en particulier que la courbe d'atténuation dans ce cas est relativement irrégulière en raison de la nature géométrique de l'élément ainsi constitué et de la nature du matériau utilisé, le béton en l'absence de revêtement absorbant.Hertz. Note in particular that the attenuation curve in this case is relatively irregular due to the geometric nature of the element thus formed and the nature of the material used, concrete in the absence of absorbent coating.
Sur la figure 2b, a été également représentée la situation dans laquelle l'élément de protection objet de la présente invention est accompagné d'un revêtement ou enduit absorbant. Dans ce cas, ainsi que représenté sur la figure 2b, le creux d'atténuation à la fréquence de 250 Hertz est notablement atténué et la valeur moyenne de 1 ' atténuation est sensiblement augmentée, en particulier aux fréquences hautes, comprises entre 2000 et 4000 à 5000 Hertz, notamment par rapport, d'une part à la solution traditionnelle, et, d'autre part, par rapport à l'élément objet de la présente invention utilisé en l'absence de revêtement absorbant.FIG. 2b also shows the situation in which the protective element which is the subject of the present invention is accompanied by an absorbent coating or coating. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2b, the attenuation dip at the frequency of 250 Hertz is notably attenuated and the average value of the attenuation is appreciably increased, in particular at high frequencies, between 2000 and 4000 at 5000 Hertz, in particular with respect, on the one hand to the traditional solution, and, on the other hand, with respect to the element object of the present invention used in the absence of absorbent coating.
En outre, les essais relatifs au mur incliné dans les conditions représentées en figure 2a sont représentés sur la même figure 2b et l'on peut constater que si l'allure générale de la courbe correspondante corespond à celle de la solution traditionnelle, l'inclinaison a bien pour effet de provoquer une atténuation ou perte par insertion supérieure dans tout le domaine de fréquence, l'atténuation provoquée par le mur incliné n'étant toutefois supérieure à celle provoquée par l'élément de protection contre le bruit, objet de la présente invention, muni d'un revêtement absorbant que pour les fréquences très hautes de l'ordre de 4000 Hertz. On notera d'ailleurs que pour cette dernière valeur l'atténua¬ tion du mur incliné, bien que supérieure, est sensiblement équivalente à celle qui a été provoquée par l'élément de protection objet de l'invention lorsqu'il est muni d'un revêtement absorbant.In addition, the tests relating to the inclined wall under the conditions represented in FIG. 2a are represented in the same FIG. 2b and it can be seen that if the general appearance of the corresponding curve corresponds to that of the traditional solution, the inclination has the effect of cause attenuation or loss by insertion higher in the entire frequency range, the attenuation caused by the inclined wall being however not greater than that caused by the noise protection element, object of the present invention, provided with an absorbent coating only for very high frequencies of the order of 4000 Hertz. It will also be noted that for this latter value the attenuation of the inclined wall, although greater, is substantially equivalent to that which was caused by the protective element object of the invention when it is provided with an absorbent coating.
On comprend ainsi que, en raison des résultats, le résultat global de l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention lorsque celui-ci est muni d'un revêtement absorbant, est supérieur dans tous les domaines de fréquences à la solution traditionnelle d'une part, et d'autre part à l'élément correspondant objet de l'invention en l'absence de revêtement absorbant, alors que l'atténuation de l'élément de protection contre le bruit selon l'invention, lorsque celui-ci est muni d'un revêtement absorbant, est seulement légèrement inférieure à celle provoquée par le mur incliné dans le domaine des hautes fréquences. Ces essais comparatifs permettent ainsi de justifier de l'intérêt de l'élément de protection- objet de la présente invention, par rapport aux solutions tradition¬ nelles et au mur incliné, en raison des difficultés de mise en oeuvre pratiques et mécaniques de ce dernier.It is thus understood that, due to the results, the overall result of the noise protection element object of the present invention when it is provided with an absorbent coating, is higher in all frequency ranges than the solution traditional on the one hand, and on the other hand the corresponding element object of the invention in the absence of absorbent coating, while the attenuation of the noise protection element according to the invention, when that -this is provided with an absorbent coating, is only slightly lower than that caused by the inclined wall in the high frequency range. These comparative tests thus make it possible to justify the interest of the protective element object of the present invention, compared to the traditional solutions and the inclined wall, because of the difficulties of practical and mechanical implementation of the latter. .
Sur la figure 2c, on a représenté un diagramme comparatif pour des situations analogues pour le récepteur R2 situé dans l'ombre géométrique de la protection anti¬ bruit. On constate une allure générale de la courbe, sur le domaine de fréquence correspondant, voisine de celle relative au récepteur RI dans le cas de la solution tradi¬ tionnelle, bien que la constance de l'atténuation soit moins nette dans la bande de fréquence de 150 à 2000 Hertz.In FIG. 2c, a comparative diagram has been shown for similar situations for the receiver R2 situated in the geometric shadow of the noise protection. There is a general shape of the curve, over the corresponding frequency domain, close to that relating to the receiver RI in the case of the traditional solution, although the constancy of the attenuation is less clear in the frequency band of 150 to 2000 Hertz.
On constate également des irrégularités d'atténua- tion lorsque l'élément avec visière sans enduit ou revête¬ ment absorbant est utilisé avec un pic d'atténuation à 500 Hertz alors que lorsque l'élément avec visière conforme à l'objet de la présente invention est utilisé avec un revêtement ou enduit absorbant, et un minimum relatif d'atténuation peut être mis en évidence à 250 Hz et l'atté¬ nuation provoquée par ce dernier étant toujours supérieure ou égale à celle provoquée par le mur incliné aux fréquences basses comprises entre 125 Hz et 250 Hz, l'atténuation étant au contraire comparable dans le domaine de fréquence au-delà de 250 Hz.There are also attenuation irregularities. tion when the element with visor without absorbent coating or coating is used with an attenuation peak at 500 Hertz whereas when the element with visor in accordance with the object of the present invention is used with an absorbent coating or coating , and a relative minimum attenuation can be highlighted at 250 Hz and the attenuation caused by the latter being always greater than or equal to that caused by the wall inclined at low frequencies between 125 Hz and 250 Hz, l attenuation being on the contrary comparable in the frequency domain beyond 250 Hz.
Sur les figures 2d et 2e on a représenté le résultat global des mesures comparatives précédemment décrites en liaison avec les figures 2b et 2c, ces résultats ayant été soumis, en ce qui concerne les mesures en fonction de la fréquence à une moyenne pondérée de façon à globaliser 1'atténuation ou perte par insertion mesurée en dBA pour un bruit rose pour lequel 1 'énergie du bruit en fonction de la fréquence présente une distribution sensiblement uniforme, d'un bruit correspondant à celui engendré par des véhicules sur une route puis, respectivement, un bruit correspondant à celui engendré par un véhicule ferroviaire à grande vitesse de type TGV. On comprend que pour la réalisation des diagrammes de bruit représentés en figure 2d et 2e un filtrage correspondant au moyen de gabarits de filtrage adaptés a été utilisé sur les mesures précitées à partir du récepteur ou microphone de référence MR.FIGS. 2d and 2e show the overall result of the comparative measurements previously described in connection with FIGS. 2b and 2c, these results having been submitted, as regards the measurements as a function of frequency, to a weighted average so as to globalize the attenuation or loss by insertion measured in dBA for a pink noise for which the energy of the noise as a function of the frequency has a substantially uniform distribution, of a noise corresponding to that generated by vehicles on a road then, respectively , a noise corresponding to that generated by a high-speed rail vehicle of the TGV type. It is understood that for the production of the noise diagrams represented in FIGS. 2d and 2e a filtering corresponding by means of suitable filtering templates was used on the aforementioned measurements from the receiver or microphone of reference MR.
Dans le cas du récepteur en limite de l'ombre, récepteur RI, on constate que l'atténuation apportée par l'élément avec visière, objet de l'invention et muni d'un revêtement absorbant, est très supérieure à l'atténuation provoquée par la solution traditionnelle ou même à l'utili¬ sation d'un élément avec visière en l'absence d'enduit ou de revêtement absorbant, alors que cette même atténuation est encore supérieure à celle obtenue au moyen d'un mur incliné. Ces résultats sont également valables dans le cas d'un bruit correspondant à celui d'une route, bien que l'atténuation soit légèrement inférieure. Il en est de même en ce qui concerne un bruit ferroviaire provoqué par un train à grande vitesse. Dans le cas du récepteur R2 situé dans l'ombre géométrique, ainsi que représenté en figure 2e, les résul¬ tats sont encore significatifs, le mur incliné présentant toutefois la meilleure atténuation dans le cas d'un bruit rose. Il est cependant à noter que dans le cas d'un bruit correspondant à celui d'une route ou à celui d'un véhicule ferroviaire à grande vitesse, l'atténuation la meilleure est apportée par l'élément avec visière objet de la présente invention, lorsque celui-ci est utilisé sans enduit ou revêtement absorbant. On notera toutefois que les différen- ces d'atténuation globale dans l'un et l'autre cas sont au plus égales à 1 dBA.In the case of the shadow boundary receiver, IR receiver, it can be seen that the attenuation provided by the element with visor, object of the invention and provided with an absorbent coating, is much greater than the attenuation caused by the traditional solution or even the use of an element with a visor in the absence of a coating or absorbent coating, while this same attenuation is still greater than that obtained by means of an inclined wall. These results are also valid in the case of noise corresponding to that of a road, although the attenuation is slightly lower. The same is true for railway noise caused by a high-speed train. In the case of the receiver R2 located in the geometric shadow, as shown in FIG. 2e, the results are still significant, the inclined wall having the best attenuation, however, in the case of pink noise. It should however be noted that in the case of noise corresponding to that of a road or that of a high-speed rail vehicle, the best attenuation is provided by the element with visor object of the present invention , when used without an absorbent coating or coating. However, it should be noted that the differences in overall attenuation in both cases are at most equal to 1 dBA.
Les différents essais précités montrent ainsi qu'il est particulièrement avantageux de modeler la structure de l'élément de protection contre le bru.it objet de< la présente invention par la présence ou 1 'absence de présence du revêtement absorbant et/ou la nature de ce revêtement en fonction de l'application envisagée.The various aforementioned tests thus show that it is particularly advantageous to model the structure of the noise protection element object of the present invention by the presence or absence of the presence of the absorbent coating and / or the nature of this coating depending on the intended application.
Une description plus détaillée de la visière 2 constitutive du panneau élémentaire 1- de l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention sera maintenant donnée en liaison avec la figure 3.A more detailed description of the visor 2 constituting the elementary panel 1- of the noise protection element object of the present invention will now be given in conjunction with FIG. 3.
Ainsi que représenté sur la figure précitée, la visière 2 peut être réalisée par un voile de béton 200 d'une épaisseur de 3 à 4 cm lorsqu'un revêtement absorbant, référence 201, est utilisé. Le revêtement absorbant peut, de préférence, présenter une épaisseur de l'ordre de 5 à 10 cm. Le revêtement absorbant est appliqué sur le voile de béton 200 et 1 ' adhérence à ce dernier et la cohésion mécaniques sont réalisées conformément aux techniques classiques de mise en oeuvre de ce type de matériau. Ces conditions de mise en oeuvre sont connues de 1 'homme de 1 ' art et peuvent se ramener à la mise en oeuvre des bétons de type classique. Bien entendu, en l'absence de revêtement 201, la visière 2 peut être réalisée, ainsi que le panneau élémen¬ taire 1_ , par un élément en béton monobloc présentant une épaisseur comparable de l'ordre de 11 à 15 cm par exemple. On rappelle que l'angle α, entre le plan du panneau propre¬ ment dit et de la partie du panneau élémentaire lx consti¬ tuant celui-ci et la visière 2, peut prendre les valeurs précédemment indiquées dans la description, ceci en fonction des applications souhaitées. Il en est de même en ce qui concerne la hauteur projetée de la visière h.As shown in the aforementioned figure, the visor 2 can be produced by a concrete veil 200 with a thickness of 3 to 4 cm when an absorbent coating, reference 201, is used. The absorbent coating may preferably have a thickness of the order of 5 to 10 cm. The absorbent coating is applied to the concrete veil 200 and adhesion to the latter and mechanical cohesion are carried out in accordance with conventional techniques for using this type of material. These operating conditions are known to those skilled in the art and can reduce to the implementation of conventional type concrete. Of course, in the absence of coating 201, the visor 2 can be produced, as well as the silencing panel 1_, by a one-piece concrete element having a comparable thickness of the order of 11 to 15 cm for example. It will be recalled that the angle α, between the plane of the panel proper and said part of the elementary panel l x constituting it and the visor 2, can take the values previously indicated in the description, this depending on desired applications. The same applies to the projected height of the visor h.
Ainsi qu'on l'a représenté en outre à la figure 3, la visière présente un bord ou liseré présentant dans un plan de section droite du panneau et de la visière 2 une courbure continue. Le liseré est noté 203 sur la figure 3. On indique que le liseré constitue soit un bord d'attaque pour l'énergie sonore en vision directe et se propageant sensiblement selon une onde sphérique dans le plan de la figure 3, ou à tout le moins cylindrique lorsque <le véhicule ferroviaire est constitué par un train de très grande longueur par rapport à la longueur de 1 'élément de protec¬ tion contre le bruit objet de la présente invention, et un bord de fuite vis-à-vis de l'énergie sonore se propageant par réverbération et diffraction par le panneau 1 proprement dit et en particulier par le réseau que comporte ce dernier.As shown further in Figure 3, the visor has an edge or border having in a cross section plane of the panel and the visor 2 a continuous curvature. The border is denoted 203 in FIG. 3. It is indicated that the border constitutes either a leading edge for the sound energy in direct vision and propagating substantially according to a spherical wave in the plane of FIG. 3, or all less cylindrical when <the railway vehicle is constituted by a train of very great length compared to the length of one element of protec¬ tion against noise object of the present invention, and a trailing edge vis-à-vis the sound energy propagating by reverberation and diffraction by the panel 1 proper and in particular by the network that the latter comprises.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation représenté en figure 3 en traits pointillés, le bord d'attaque ou de fuite est rectiligne et parallèle au plan du panneau 1. On notera toutefois que ce mode de réalisation, bien que donnant satisfaction, ne permet pas un traitement sensiblement analogue, en fonction de la fréquence, de l'énergie sonore reçue en vision directe ou réverbérée lors du phénomène de diffraction, en raison de la discontinuité correspondante sur l'arête supérieure du liseré. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le liseré formant bord d'attaque, respectivement bord de fuite, présente dans le plan de section droite du panneau et de la visière un rayon de courbure variant continûment. Ce rayon de courbure présente ses valeurs minimales à l'extrémité distale de la visière, ainsi que représenté en traits continus sur la figure 3. On notera que le bord inférieur du liseré peut alors cependant être parallèle au plan du panneau 1. La forme du liseré ainsi représenté en traits continus en figure 3 permet d'assurer un traitement plus uniforme du phénomène de diffraction de l'énergie sonore en fonction de la fréquence.According to a first embodiment represented in FIG. 3 in dotted lines, the leading or trailing edge is straight and parallel to the plane of the panel 1. It will however be noted that this embodiment, although satisfactory, does not allow a substantially analogous processing, depending on the frequency, of the sound energy received in direct or reverberated vision during the diffraction phenomenon, due to the corresponding discontinuity on the upper edge of the border. According to another embodiment, the border forming the leading edge, respectively the trailing edge, has a continuously varying radius of curvature in the cross section plane of the panel and of the visor. This radius of curvature has its minimum values at the distal end of the visor, as shown in solid lines in FIG. 3. It will be noted that the lower edge of the border can then however be parallel to the plane of the panel 1. The shape of the border thus represented in solid lines in FIG. 3 ensures a more uniform treatment of the phenomenon of diffraction of sound energy as a function of frequency.
Un exemple d'utilisation particulièrement avantageux de l'élément de protection contre le bruit objet de la présente invention sera donné en liaison avec les figures 4a et 4b. L'élément selon l'invention peut être utilisé afin de réduire le bruit engendré par une voie de circulation, une pluralité d'éléments, ainsi que représenté en figure 4a, étant montés de façon jointive sur au moins l'un des côtés de la voie de circulation. Dans un tel cas, le bord d'atta- que ou liseré de la visière 2 est dirigé vers l'axe de la voie de circulation. Dans le cadre de la figure 4a, on a représenté l'utilisation d'un élément de protection conforme à l'objet de la présente invention au voisinage d'une voie ferrée permettant la circulation d'un train à grande vitesse par exemple. On notera selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'application considérée que la source de bruit de roulement étant essentiellement localisée au niveau des rails, l'élément anti-bruit conforme à l'objet de la présente invention et le mur anti-bruit ainsi constitué, sont placés par rapport au rail le plus proche générateur de bruit, de façon que la ligne joignant la base de la visière 2 en vision directe et le sommet du rail et l'horizontale, au niveau de ce sommet, constituent un angle de l'ordre de 30°. On a en effet constaté au cours d'expériences réalisés sur site que le maximum d'énergie sonore et donc de bruit engendré par un tel véhicule est obtenu pour un angle de 30° par rapport à l'horizontale. On comprend bien sûr dans ces conditions que les paramètres de hauteur H du panneau 1, puis h de la hauteur projetée de la visière, sont alors déduits en fonction des possibilités d'implantation du mur anti-bruit et de chaque élément constituant ce dernier. Sur la figure 4b, on a représenté une application analogue dans le cas de deux voies de circulation en sens inverses VI et V2. On comprend bien sûr que la mise en oeuvre de deux éléments constitutifs de murs anti-bruit, conformes à l'objet de la présente invention, placés symétriquement par rapport à l'axe central de l'intervoie, permet d'obtenir un résultat optimum, les paramètres de dimension de chaque élément dans ce cas pouvant être optimisés par rapport au rail le plus proche, et/ou par rapport à l'axe central de l'intervoie.An example of a particularly advantageous use of the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention will be given in connection with FIGS. 4a and 4b. The element according to the invention can be used in order to reduce the noise generated by a traffic lane, a plurality of elements, as shown in FIG. 4a, being mounted contiguously on at least one of the sides of the traffic way. In such a case, the leading edge or border of the visor 2 is directed towards the axis of the taxiway. In the context of Figure 4a, there is shown the use of a protective element according to the object of the present invention in the vicinity of a railroad allowing the movement of a high speed train for example. It will be noted according to an advantageous characteristic of the application considered that the source of rolling noise being essentially located at the level of the rails, the anti-noise element in accordance with the object of the present invention and the anti-noise wall thus formed, are placed relative to the nearest noise-generating rail, so that the line joining the base of the visor 2 in direct vision and the top of the rail and the horizontal, at this top, constitute an angle of the order of 30 °. It has indeed been observed during experiments carried out on site that the maximum sound energy and therefore noise generated by such a vehicle is obtained for an angle 30 ° from the horizontal. It is of course understood under these conditions that the height parameters H of the panel 1, then h of the projected height of the visor, are then deduced as a function of the possibilities of implantation of the noise barrier and of each element constituting the latter. In FIG. 4b, a similar application has been shown in the case of two traffic lanes in opposite directions VI and V2. It is of course understood that the use of two components of noise barriers, in accordance with the object of the present invention, placed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the spoke, allows an optimum result to be obtained. , the dimension parameters of each element in this case can be optimized with respect to the nearest rail, and / or with respect to the central axis of the channel.
Dans un tel contexte, pour une voie ferroviaire d'écartement a, on considère que chaque panneau présente une hauteur x.a avec x compris entre 2,5 et 4, 2,5 < x < 4. En outre les panneaux sont montés en vis-à-vis à une distance y.a, avec y compris entre 3 et 6, 3 ≤ y < 6. symétriquement à l'axe de la voie ou à l'axe central intervoie. Bien entendu les visières 2 sont orientées vers l'axe central de la voie ou vers l'axe central intervoie. Du point de vue de la mise en oeuvre pratique, les éléments de protection anti-bruit constitutifs du mur anti¬ bruit objet de la présente invention, peuvent être montés de manière modulaire ainsi que décrit précédemment dans la description, en fonction de l'application considérée, un panneau élémentaire de base étant fixé dans un massif béton comportant une barbacane.In such a context, for a track gauge a, it is considered that each panel has a height xa with x of between 2.5 and 4, 2.5 <x <4. Furthermore, the panels are mounted facing each other. opposite at a distance ya, with including between 3 and 6, 3 ≤ y <6. symmetrically to the axis of the track or to the central axis involved. Of course the visors 2 are oriented towards the central axis of the track or towards the central axis involved. From the point of view of practical implementation, the noise protection elements constituting the noise barrier object of the present invention can be mounted in a modular manner as described above in the description, depending on the application. considered, a basic elementary panel being fixed in a solid concrete comprising a barbican.
Bien entendu, l'utilisation de l'élément de protec¬ tion contre le bruit objet de la présente invention n'est pas limitée à la protection contre le bruit engendré par des véhicules ferroviaires circulant à grande vitesse mais peut être envisagée également dans le cas de voies routières ou auto-routières pour lesquelles les paramètres précités peuvent être adaptés en fonction des dimensions géométriques correspondantes, chaque voie étant remplacée par une piste de circulation moyenne sur chaque chaussée.Of course, the use of the noise protection element object of the present invention is not limited to protection against noise generated by rail vehicles traveling at high speed but can also be considered in the case of road or motorway for which the above parameters can be adapted according to the corresponding geometric dimensions, each lane being replaced by an average traffic lane on each roadway.
De l'ensemble des essais effectués, on constatera que la solution la plus efficace en terme de perte globale par insertion est 1'élément comportant une visière munie d'un revêtement absorbant, le gain par rapport à la solution traditionnelle étant de l'ordre de 1,5 dBA en ce qui concerne un bruit routier, et de l'ordre de 2,0 dBA en ce qui concerne un bruit ferroviaire engendré par un train à grande vitesse. On notera toutefois que la solution consis¬ tant à un élément à visière en l'absence de revêtement absorbant peut également être utilisée dans le cas de la protection contre un bruit d'origine ferroviaire. From all the tests carried out, it will be seen that the most effective solution in terms of overall loss by insertion is the element comprising a visor provided with an absorbent coating, the gain compared to the traditional solution being of the order 1.5 dBA in the case of road noise, and of the order of 2.0 dBA in the case of railway noise caused by a high-speed train. Note, however, that the solution consisting of a visor element in the absence of an absorbent coating can also be used in the case of protection against noise of railway origin.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Elément de protection contre le bruit en ondes sonores, destiné par assemblage à former un mur de protec¬ tion antibruit, élément comportant un panneau sensiblement plan de hauteur déterminée et une visière formée par une bande sensiblement plane et montée à une extrémité du panneau, caractérisé en ce que le plan contenant la visière est incluné par rapport au plan contenant le panneau d'un angle α compris entre 7° et 55°, et en ce que ladite visière présente un liséré formant, pour les ondes sonores, bord d'attaque ou bord de fuite, ledit liséré présentant dans un plan de section droite du panneau et de la visière une courbure continue.1. Element for protection against noise in sound waves, intended by assembly to form a noise protection wall, element comprising a substantially flat panel of determined height and a visor formed by a substantially flat strip and mounted at one end of the panel , characterized in that the plane containing the visor is inclined relative to the plane containing the panel with an angle α of between 7 ° and 55 °, and in that said visor has a border forming, for sound waves, edge d attack or trailing edge, said edge having in a cross section plane of the panel and the visor a continuous curvature.
2. Elément selon la revendication 1, caractérisé ence que la bande formant ladite visière (2) présente une dimension transversale telle que cette dimension, projetée dans le plan dudit panneau est comprise entre 10/100 et 30/100 de la hauteur dudit panneau.2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the strip forming said visor (2) has a transverse dimension such that this dimension, projected in the plane of said panel is between 10/100 and 30/100 of the height of said panel.
3. Elément selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caracté- risé ence que ladite visière (2) est rapportée sur l'un des bords dudit panneau ( 1 ) .3. Element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said visor (2) is attached to one of the edges of said panel (1).
4. Elément selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caracté¬ risé en ce que ladite visière (2) et ledit panneau (1) sont monoblocs et formés en un même matériau. 4. Element according to claim 1 or 2, caracté¬ ized in that said visor (2) and said panel (1) are in one piece and formed of the same material.
5. Elément selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit bord d'attaque est rectiligne et parallèle au plan du panneau.5. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that said leading edge is rectilinear and parallel to the plane of the panel.
6. Elément selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bord d'attaque présente, dans le plan de section droite du panneau et de la visière, un rayon de courbures variant continûment, ce rayon de courbure présentant ses valeurs minimales à l'extrémité distale de la visière.6. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the leading edge has, in the cross section plane of the panel and the visor, a radius of curvatures varying continuously, this radius of curvature having its minimum values at distal end of the visor.
7. Elément selon l'une des revendications précéden¬ tes, caractérisé en ce que le panneau (1) et la visière (2) comportent un revêtement absorbant de l'énergie sonore.7. Element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panel (1) and the visor (2) comprise a coating absorbing sound energy.
8. Elément selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement absorbant de 1'énergie sonore est constitué par une couche absorbante.8. Element according to claim 7, characterized in that the sound absorbing coating consists of an absorbent layer.
9. Elément selon la revendicaion 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche absorbante est munie de cannelures, dirigées dans le sens de la hauteur du panneau, lesdites cannelures succession de créneaux et redans alternés présentant une profondeur p des redans pour une distance e entre plan de symétrie longitudinale de deux redans succes¬ sifs dans un rapport p/e = p, tel que 0,76 < p < 0,85 pour une atténuation maximale du bruit dans une bande de fré¬ quence sonores comprises entre 100 Hz et 5000 Hz.9. Element according to claim 8, characterized in that said absorbent layer is provided with grooves, directed in the direction of the height of the panel, said grooves succession of alternating notches and steps having a depth p of steps for a distance e between plane of longitudinal symmetry of two successive steps in a ratio p / e = p, such as 0.76 <p <0.85 for maximum noise attenuation in a band of sound frequencies between 100 Hz and 5000 Hz .
10. Utilisation d'un élément de protection contre le bruit, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que, afin de réduire le bruit engendré par une voie de circulation, une pluralité d'éléments est montée de façon jointive sur au moins l'un des côtés de la voie de circula¬ tion, le bord d'attaque de la visière étant dirigé vers l'axe de la voie de circulation.10. Use of a noise protection element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, in order to reduce the noise generated by a traffic lane, a plurality of elements is joined together on at least one of the sides of the traffic lane, the leading edge of the visor being directed towards the axis of the traffic lane.
11. Utilisation selon la revendication 10, caracté- risée en ce que, pour une voie de circulation formée par une voie ferroviaire d'ecartement a, chaque panneau présente une hauteur x.a, avec 2,5 ≤ x ≤ 4, lesdits panneaux étant montés en vis-à-vis à une distance y.a, avec 3 < y < 6, symétrique¬ ment à l'axe de la voie, lesdites visières étant orientées vers l'axe central de la voie. 11. Use according to claim 10, characterized in that, for a traffic lane formed by a gauge railway a, each panel has a height xa, with 2.5 ≤ x ≤ 4, said panels being mounted vis-à-vis at a distance ya, with 3 <y <6, symmetrically to the axis of the track, said visors being oriented towards the central axis of the track.
EP93924098A 1992-10-21 1993-10-20 Soundproofing member and use thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0618987B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9212593A FR2697040B1 (en) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Protection element against noise and its use.
FR9212593 1992-10-21
PCT/FR1993/001031 WO1994009211A1 (en) 1992-10-21 1993-10-20 Soundproofing member and use thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0618987A1 true EP0618987A1 (en) 1994-10-12
EP0618987B1 EP0618987B1 (en) 1996-12-04

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EP (1) EP0618987B1 (en)
KR (1) KR940703960A (en)
CA (1) CA2125981A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69306377T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2095678T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2697040B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994009211A1 (en)

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DE69306377D1 (en) 1997-01-16
KR940703960A (en) 1994-12-12
FR2697040B1 (en) 1994-12-30
WO1994009211A1 (en) 1994-04-28
DE69306377T2 (en) 1997-04-03
EP0618987B1 (en) 1996-12-04
FR2697040A1 (en) 1994-04-22
CA2125981A1 (en) 1994-04-28
ES2095678T3 (en) 1997-02-16

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