EP0599021B1 - Procédé d'exclusion de bouteilles à usage répété de leur cycle d'utilisation - Google Patents
Procédé d'exclusion de bouteilles à usage répété de leur cycle d'utilisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0599021B1 EP0599021B1 EP93115761A EP93115761A EP0599021B1 EP 0599021 B1 EP0599021 B1 EP 0599021B1 EP 93115761 A EP93115761 A EP 93115761A EP 93115761 A EP93115761 A EP 93115761A EP 0599021 B1 EP0599021 B1 EP 0599021B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bottle
- marking
- bottles
- process according
- test
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/3404—Sorting according to other particular properties according to properties of containers or receptacles, e.g. rigidity, leaks, fill-level
- B07C5/3408—Sorting according to other particular properties according to properties of containers or receptacles, e.g. rigidity, leaks, fill-level for bottles, jars or other glassware
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/3412—Sorting according to other particular properties according to a code applied to the object which indicates a property of the object, e.g. quality class, contents or incorrect indication
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for separating reusable bottles, in particular plastic reusable bottles, from the reusable circulation in which bottles returning for filling are each checked by a test device for the presence of fatigue damage. Such a method is known from DE-C-3 626 775.
- the invention further relates to a device for performing the method.
- the task therefore is to create a possibility that bottles can be removed from the reusable circulation in good time before their end of life, without the bottles being removed from the reusable circulation much too early.
- the respective bottle is provided with a first marking or not, that in each case a bottle already provided with at least one such marking is determined and at least one further marking is applied with each return, and those bottles, the number of markings of which is predetermined Value reached, to be eliminated from circulation.
- Each bottle that has reached the clearly recognizable degree of damage is preferably granted 8 to 15, in particular ten, round trips.
- the test for the predetermined degree of damage is preferably carried out by an optical test, in particular by an image processing method.
- FIG. 1 a section of the bottle bottom of a plastic bottle is shown in cross section. Some of the cracks 1, 2, 3 and 4 resulting from the fatigue of the material are shown schematically as examples. It is known that the plastic bottles produced in the blow molding process have relatively high tensions in the base area. When such bottles are subjected to the usual stress during cleaning, filling and normal use, a large number of fine cracks arise in the bottle material, in particular in the bottom area of the bottle. The number and depth of the cracks increases over the life of the bottle. This leads to the bottle becoming defective after an indefinite number of reusable cycles. In particular, this can occur during filling, in which the bottle is under a relatively high pressure, e.g. 8 bar, is exposed.
- a relatively high pressure e.g. 8 bar
- the density distribution of the cracks in the floor area has proven to be suitable as a criterion for the existence of fatigue damage which can be recognized by the test device.
- the absolute frequency and / or the length of the cracks could also be determined, for example.
- the marking is preferably applied to the respective bottle in which the predetermined degree of damage has been determined by a laser.
- the application of a code on bottles for other purposes is known per se. Processing and marking with lasers is also known in principle, for example reference may be made to US Pat. No. 4,128,752. It is particularly preferred if the markings are recorded with the same test device, that is to say in particular with the image processing device, which is also used for the detection of the fatigue cracks. A particularly simple execution of the method then results.
- the detection of the fatigue cracks and the detection of any markings that have already been applied can also be carried out separately.
- Another optical detection method can be used for the detection of the damage, for example, which uses the reflection properties of the bottle bottom, or the damage can be detected by ultrasound testing.
- the markings can also be counted in another way, for example by optical scanning.
- the markings can of course also be applied differently than with a laser, for example using a printing process.
- FIG. 2 shows, in a highly simplified manner, a flow chart for the separation of bottles according to the method, an image evaluation method, for example according to the publication DE 40 27 992, being used.
- an image is taken from the bottle base and this is evaluated. If at least one marking already exists, which is determined by the recording of the image, it is checked whether the number of markings has already reached a defined value, in particular the preferred value of ten. If this is the case, that is to say if the bottle already has ten markings or ten counted returns, the bottle is eliminated or registered as a bottle to be eliminated later along the conveying path and the next bottle is checked.
- the number of markings is below the defined value, in particular below the value specified as the preferred example, ten, a further marking is applied and the bottle is left in circulation. If it is found that there is still no marking on the bottle, it is checked whether the damage to the bottle bottom has already reached a predetermined level. For example, the image taken is used to check whether the crack density is greater than a predetermined value. If this is not the case, the bottle is left in circulation without any further measures. If the crack density has reached the predetermined limit value, the first marking is applied to the bottle. This bottle will therefore only be able to carry out a predetermined number of cycles before it is eliminated.
- the number of 8 to 15, in particular ten, cycles from the predetermined value of the recognizable damage has proven to be particularly advantageous. With ten further rounds, it is practically ensured that the bottle does not fail. In contrast, even with a slightly higher number of circulation, Most likely to fail. Of course, the number of revolutions still to be allowed depends on how the predetermined degree of recognizable damage is defined. It has been shown that the increase in damage can be clearly recognized to a certain extent by means of image processing. From this degree of damage or limit value, the further increase is no longer clearly recognizable. When using the image processing method, as described in DE 40 27 992, and with such plastic bottles as are usually used today, namely with PET bottles, there is a relatively precisely determinable degree of damage from which the further rounds are to be paid. This is because the existence of this degree of damage, in which a further increase in damage is no longer clearly discernible, is chosen as the starting time for counting.
- Figure 3 shows an inspection machine for plastic bottles, as is known from DE 40 27 992.
- the machine has an inlet carousel 12 and an outlet carousel 14. Between the carousels 12 and 14 there is a main carousel 16. Each station of the main carousel 16 is equipped with a complete test unit for volume and leakage measurement, height measurement, straightness measurement, muzzle slope measurement and residual liquor control not described here in detail.
- the bottles 10 are fed to the inlet carousel 12 through an inlet screw 18. On the outlet side, the bottles 10 are guided out of the machine again by means of an outlet screw 20.
- a camera box 22 for code reading is arranged above the outlet carousel 14.
- the camera box 22 contains a camera 24, of which only the lens is visible.
- An illumination source 32 is arranged opposite the camera 24, by means of which the bottom of the bottle, which is located between the illumination source and the camera, is illuminated uniformly.
- the camera 24 is so on the bottom
- the area of the bottle 10 focuses so that the fatigue cracks and a marking string 34, which is applied to the outer wall of the bottle in the area between the bottom of the bottle and the height where the size of the bottle is largest, are included from the inside of the bottle.
- the camera 24 takes a picture of the bottle bottom including the adjacent lower region of the bottle side wall as a snapshot. This snapshot is assigned to the respective bottle and is upgraded, as has been explained, for example, in FIG. 2.
- the bottle is either marked with a laser or not, or the bottle is ejected from the further conveying path by an ejector, for example with compressed air.
- an ejector for example with compressed air.
- Such marking devices both with laser and with color printing, on the other hand, are well known. Ejectors are also known in various variants.
Landscapes
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Color Television Systems (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Procédé d'exclusion de bouteilles à usage répété, en particulier de bouteilles en matière plastique à usage répété, du circuit de recyclage, dans lequel des bouteilles retournées en vue d'un nouveau remplissage sont examinées, dans un dispositif de contrôle, quant à la présence de défauts dûs à la fatigue,
caractérisé en ce que la bouteille concernée est pourvue, ou non, d'une première marque, en fonction du résultat de contrôle, en ce que, dans le cas d'une bouteille portant déjà au moins une telle marque, celle-ci est détectée, et qu'à chaque nouveau retour, au moins une marque supplémentaire est appliquée, et en ce que les bouteilles, dont le nombre de marques atteint une valeur prédéterminée, sont éliminées du circuit. - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cadre de l'examen destiné à déceler la présence de défauts dûs à la fatigue, on relève des fissures de fatigue existant au niveau du fond de la bouteille.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'examen s'effectue par voie optique.
- Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'examen s'effectue par relevé et analyse d'une image de la zone du fond de la bouteille.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cadre de l'examen, on relève la distribution de densité de fissures de fatigue.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cadre de l'examen, on relève la fréquence et/ou la profondeur des fissures de fatigue.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les marques sont appliquées au moyen d'un rayon laser.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de contrôle détecte aussi les marques.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la bouteille est marquée 10 fois et est éliminée par la suite.
- Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par une chaîne de transport en forme de plateau tournant, sur laquelle sont agencés un dispositif de contrôle destiné à examiner des bouteilles à usage répété, en vue de déceler la présence de défauts dûs à la fatigue, et un dispositif qui, en fonction du résultat du contrôle, applique sur la bouteille concernée une première marque, ou non, et qui, dans le cas d'une bouteille déjà pourvue d'au moins une telle marque, détecte celle-ci, et applique une marque supplémentaire à chaque retour de la bouteille, et qui élimine les bouteilles dont le nombre de marques a atteint une valeur prédéterminée.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de contrôle est constitué par un système d'enregistrement et d'analyse d'image, en ce que le dispositif de marquage est constitué par au moins un laser commandé, et en ce qu'un dispositif de commande est prévu, qui, en fonction du signal de sortie du système de traitement d'image, commande le laser ou produit un signal pour un dispositif éjecteur permettant d'éjecter les bouteilles à éliminer.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH363592 | 1992-11-27 | ||
CH3635/92 | 1992-11-27 | ||
CH38193 | 1993-02-04 | ||
CH381/93 | 1993-02-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0599021A1 EP0599021A1 (fr) | 1994-06-01 |
EP0599021B1 true EP0599021B1 (fr) | 1996-06-19 |
Family
ID=25684406
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93115761A Expired - Lifetime EP0599021B1 (fr) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-09-30 | Procédé d'exclusion de bouteilles à usage répété de leur cycle d'utilisation |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5414777A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0599021B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1094811A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE139468T1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9304862A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59303013D1 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI935131A (fr) |
MX (1) | MX9307428A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO934283L (fr) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997004887A1 (fr) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-13 | Coors Brewing Company | Appareil et procede d'inspection de bouteilles chaudes |
US6025910A (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 2000-02-15 | Coors Brewing Company | Object inspection method utilizing a corrected image to find unknown characteristic |
DE19605133C2 (de) * | 1996-02-13 | 2000-06-15 | Krones Ag | Inspektionsmaschine für Gefäße |
US5926556A (en) * | 1996-05-08 | 1999-07-20 | Inex, Inc. | Systems and methods for identifying a molded container |
FR2797324B1 (fr) | 1999-08-06 | 2002-04-12 | Jean Claude Rouiller | Dispositif et procede de controle de la fatigue d'un instrument odontologique |
DE102006043466B4 (de) * | 2006-09-15 | 2017-04-06 | Gunther Krieg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aussortieren von Objekten aufgrund von Gebrauchsspuren |
DE102007014802A1 (de) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Khs Ag | Verfahren zur Überwachung, Steuerung und Optimierung von Abfüllanlagen für Lebensmittel, insbesondere für Getränkeflaschen |
CN101403706B (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2011-06-08 | 清华大学 | 全自动瓶装药液检查机 |
CN101532965B (zh) * | 2009-03-16 | 2011-07-20 | 深圳职业技术学院 | 高精密旋转件视觉检测机 |
DE102012003809A1 (de) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-29 | Heuft Systemtechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Prüfen des zum Öffnen eines Kunststoff-Schraubverschlusses erforderlichen Drehmoments |
JP6434083B1 (ja) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-05 | 日本耐酸壜工業株式会社 | リターナブルガラス壜の再使用管理方法 |
DE102017209752A1 (de) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-13 | Krones Ag | Inspektionsverfahren und Inspektionsvorrichtung zur Leerflascheninspektion in einer Getränkeverarbeitungsanlage |
CN107350167B (zh) * | 2017-08-24 | 2023-03-28 | 广州市贝云科技有限公司 | 踢废装置及踢废方法 |
DE102017131214A1 (de) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Krones Ag | Flaschenreinigungsmaschine zum Reinigen von Flaschen |
CN109752974B (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-09-10 | 广州市格利网络技术有限公司 | 控制可重复使用的餐饮用具流通的方法及控制平台 |
CN112577965B (zh) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳中科飞测科技股份有限公司 | 检测*** |
CN115106357B (zh) * | 2022-06-21 | 2024-07-12 | 首钢智新迁安电磁材料有限公司 | 一种延长轧机厚壁套筒使用寿命的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4128752A (en) * | 1976-12-15 | 1978-12-05 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence | Laser micromachining apparatus |
US4213702A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1980-07-22 | Powers Manufacturing, Inc | Glass inspection method and apparatus |
US4365198A (en) * | 1980-03-06 | 1982-12-21 | Republic Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for detecting, classifying and marking defects in workpiece with improved timing control |
DE3626775C1 (de) * | 1986-08-07 | 1987-09-03 | Schmalbach Lubeca | Verfahren zum Erfassen und Steuern der Umlaeufe von mehrfach zu benutzenden Gegenstaenden |
CH672955A5 (fr) * | 1987-05-12 | 1990-01-15 | Elpatronic Ag | |
JPH0641924B2 (ja) * | 1988-05-27 | 1994-06-01 | 株式会社キリンテクノシステム | 壜胴部の欠陥検出装置 |
CH676644A5 (fr) * | 1988-08-09 | 1991-02-15 | Elpatronic Ag | |
US4929818A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1990-05-29 | Rainbarrel Corporation | Method and apparatus for vending a containerized product on multiple occasions following at least one refill of the container with the product |
CH680820A5 (fr) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-11-13 | Elpatronic Ag |
-
1993
- 1993-09-30 EP EP93115761A patent/EP0599021B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-30 AT AT93115761T patent/ATE139468T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-30 DE DE59303013T patent/DE59303013D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-02 US US08/146,980 patent/US5414777A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-19 FI FI935131A patent/FI935131A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-11-26 MX MX9307428A patent/MX9307428A/es unknown
- 1993-11-26 NO NO934283A patent/NO934283L/no unknown
- 1993-11-26 BR BR9304862A patent/BR9304862A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-11-27 CN CN93120663.4A patent/CN1094811A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI935131A0 (fi) | 1993-11-19 |
CN1094811A (zh) | 1994-11-09 |
FI935131A (fi) | 1994-05-28 |
EP0599021A1 (fr) | 1994-06-01 |
MX9307428A (es) | 1994-08-31 |
ATE139468T1 (de) | 1996-07-15 |
NO934283L (no) | 1994-05-30 |
BR9304862A (pt) | 1994-05-31 |
NO934283D0 (no) | 1993-11-26 |
US5414777A (en) | 1995-05-09 |
DE59303013D1 (de) | 1996-07-25 |
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