EP0591039A1 - H.T. self-blast circuit breaker having an arc chamber with reduced gas compression - Google Patents
H.T. self-blast circuit breaker having an arc chamber with reduced gas compression Download PDFInfo
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- EP0591039A1 EP0591039A1 EP93402358A EP93402358A EP0591039A1 EP 0591039 A1 EP0591039 A1 EP 0591039A1 EP 93402358 A EP93402358 A EP 93402358A EP 93402358 A EP93402358 A EP 93402358A EP 0591039 A1 EP0591039 A1 EP 0591039A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- tube
- circuit breaker
- movable contact
- assembly
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker of the self-blowing type having a cut-off chamber with reduced gas compression.
- Document EP-0475270 discloses a high-voltage circuit breaker of the self-blowing type, comprising an insulating envelope surrounding an expansion chamber filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, one at least forming part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by two coaxial tubes to delimit, on either side of a ring connecting the tubes, a constant volume blowing chamber closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a semi-piston mobile.
- the gas in the compression chamber is compressed because the distance between the piston and the ring separating the compression chamber from the blowing chamber decreases.
- the dielectric gas is compressed during the entire movement of the movable contact assembly between the closed position and the open position. Moving the movable contact assembly requires a certain amount of energy. The amount of energy required is greater the greater the gas in the compression chamber is compressed during the entire stroke of the movable contact assembly.
- the object of the invention is to reduce the energy consumption of the circuit breaker during an opening operation.
- the invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker of the self-blowing type, comprising a insulating envelope surrounding an expansion chamber filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one forming part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member and suitable for be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly consisting of a first tube and a second tube coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a first ring connecting the first and second tubes, a constant volume blowing chamber closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a piston, characterized by means for immobilizing the piston during a first part of the movement of the movable contact assembly between the closed position and the open position and a means for axially moving the piston with the assembly of c ontact mobile during a second part of this same movement of the mobile contact assembly.
- the extinction of the arc occurring between the arcing contacts during an opening operation is effected by means of compression of the gas in the compression chamber.
- the extinction of the arc obtained by a flow of gas coming from the compression chamber takes place before the movement of the movable contact assembly has ended. Therefore, it is not necessary to compress the gas in the compression chamber during the entire movement of the movable contact assembly. From the moment the piston moves with the movable contact assembly, the amount of energy required to operate the movable contact assembly is very reduced because there is no more gas compression .
- the means for axially displacing the piston consists of a drive member integral with the contact assembly mobile which drives a stop integral with the piston during the second part of the movement of the mobile contact assembly, this stop being disposed on the path of the drive member.
- the piston is connected to a third tube provided with at least one lumen in which slides a finger integral with the first tube and which extends radially with respect to the latter in the direction of the second tube.
- the means for immobilizing the piston consists of a spring arranged between the drive member and the piston and by a fixed retaining member cooperating with the piston. This spring also makes it possible to compensate for the effects of gas overpressure in the compression chamber in the event of a break in high currents.
- FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker having a breaking chamber with limited compression, respectively in the closed position, in the end of compression position and in the open position.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C illustrate the application of the invention to a circuit breaker of the end contact type, and partially represent, in longitudinal section, a circuit breaker with end contacts respectively in the closed position, in the end position of compression and in the open position.
- a breaking chamber will be described, it being understood that a high voltage circuit breaker, may comprise, for each phase, several breaking chambers of the type which will be described.
- FIGS. 1A to 1C the same references designate identical elements.
- the reference 1 designates an insulating envelope, preferably of porcelain, delimiting an expansion chamber 2 filled with a gas with good properties dielectric, for example sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.
- a gas with good properties dielectric for example sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.
- the circuit breaker includes a fixed assembly and a movable contact assembly.
- the fixed assembly comprises an arcing contact 3, consisting of a metal tube, the end 3A of which is made of a material resistant to the effects of the arcing, for example an alloy based on tungsten.
- the fixed assembly also includes a fixed permanent contact 4 consisting of fingers protected by a corona hood 5. The arcing contact and the fixed permanent contact are electrically connected to a first socket, not shown.
- the movable contact assembly comprises an operating part 6 passing through the chamber 2 in a sealed manner and connected to a mechanism not shown.
- a metallic assembly comprising two coaxial tubes 7 and 8, the tube 8 having a diameter larger than the tube 7.
- the two tubes 7, 8 are connected together by a metal ring 9. These tubes and this crown are preferably made in one piece from machining.
- the tube 7 constitutes the movable arcing contact. Its end 7A is made of a material resistant to the effects of the arc and cooperates with the contact 3-3A.
- the tube 8 has one end 8A, of reduced diameter and carrying a blowing nozzle 10 made of insulating material.
- the tubular portion 8A constitutes the permanent movable contact of the circuit breaker and cooperates, when the circuit breaker is in the engaged position (closed position) with the fingers 4 as shown in FIG. 1A.
- the end 8A of the tube 8, the blowing nozzle 10, the tube 7 and the crown 9 define a blowing chamber 17.
- the crown 9, the tubes 7 and 8 and a piston 11 define a compression chamber 18 separated from the blowing chamber through the crown 9.
- the piston slides axially between the tubes 7 and 8 in a sealed manner.
- the piston 11 is connected to a tube 12 coaxial with the tubes 7 and 8.
- the free end of the tube 12 is connected to a ring 12A forming a collar.
- the crown 12A cooperates with a crown 14A connected to a fixed tube 14 coaxial with the tube 12, the crown 14A forming an end of travel stop for the tube 12 during a closing operation.
- the tube 14 is electrically connected to a second outlet not shown.
- the tube 14 also supports a permanent contact formed by fingers 16 in electrical contact with the tube 8. It should be understood that the crown 11, the tube 12 and the crown 12A form a single piece coming from machining.
- One or more springs 15 are arranged between the finger (s) 7B and the piston 11.
- the piston 11 is equipped with a unidirectional valve 11A allowing gas circulation from the interrupting chamber 2 to the compression chamber.
- the crown 9 is equipped with a unidirectional valve 9A allowing gas circulation from the compression chamber 18 to the blowing chamber 17.
- the circuit breaker works as follows.
- the operating tube 6 is actuated to move the movable contact assembly to the left as indicated by the arrow f in FIG. 1A.
- the spring 15 is compressed because the distance between the finger 7B and the piston 11 decreases. Indeed, the finger 7B moves to the left while the piston is held stationary because the crown 12A is retained by the crown 14A.
- the compression chamber 18 is filled with gas coming from the cutting chamber 2 because the distance from the ring 9 of the piston 11 causes the valve 11A to open.
- the blowing chamber 17 is filled with gas from the compression chamber 18 due to the opening of the unidirectional valve 9A. In the engaged position, the current flows through the fingers 4, the tube 8A, 8, the fingers 16, the tube 14.
- the operating tube 6 is actuated to move the movable contact assembly to the right as indicated by the arrow o in FIGS. 1B and 1C.
- Permanent contacts 4 and 8A separate.
- Current is switched on the arcing contacts 3-3A and 7A and an arcing occurs between the arcing contacts when they separate.
- the electric arc heats the gas in the region of the arc which causes an increase in the pressure in the blowing chamber.
- the arc current follows a frequency system with a sinusoidal curve and when the current value approaches zero crossing, the overpressure in the chamber 17 is evacuated through the channel delimited by the tube 7A and the nozzle 10 and causes the blowing the arc.
- the gas under pressure in the blowing chamber blowing passes through the outlet of the nozzle to evacuate into the cutting chamber 2.
- the electric arc is cooled by the circulation of gas and cut off at the zero crossing of the current.
- the gas in the compression chamber is compressed because the distance between the crown 9 and the piston 11 decreases.
- the finger 7B moves freely in the lumen 13 of the tube 12 between a left end of the lumen and a right end of the lumen while the crown 12A of the tube 12 is held in abutment against the crown 14A due to the action of the spring 15 on the piston 11. This causes a rise in pressure in the compression chamber.
- finger 7B comes into abutment against the right end of the light after having traversed a distance Dx, it drives the tube 12 and therefore the piston 11 until the end of the movement of the movable contact assembly.
- the compression of the gas in the compression chamber 18 is interrupted and the energy required to actuate the operating tube is reduced.
- the pressure in the blowing chamber decreases as described above, and the unidirectional valve 9A opens. This leads to a decrease in the pressure in the compression chamber which causes gas to flow from the compression chamber to the blowing chamber and then to the region of the arc.
- the high density cold gas from the compression chamber then replaces the low density hot gas in the arc region which causes a considerable reduction in the temperature in the blowing chamber and therefore better operation of the circuit breaker.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C illustrate the application of the invention to a medium or high voltage circuit breaker of the type with end contacts.
- the movable assembly comprises a metal cylinder 21 electrically connected to a socket not shown by contact fingers 22: the cylinder 21 is mechanically connected by its bottom 21A to an operating rod 23; the cylinder 21 delimits with an annular transverse partition 24 and an insulating nozzle 25, an expansion volume V1.
- the partition 24 is provided with at least one unidirectional valve 26.
- the end 30A of the tube 30 is made of an alloy resistant to the effects of the arc.
- the cylinder 21, the partition 26, the piston 27 and the tube 28 delimit a compression volume V2.
- a sliding contact 33 allows the current to flow from the tube 28 to the partition 26.
- piston 27 is provided with a unidirectional valve 35 and that the bottom 21A is pierced with holes 36.
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- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte à un disjoncteur à haute tension du type à auto-soufflage ayant une chambre de coupure à compression de gaz réduite.The invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker of the self-blowing type having a cut-off chamber with reduced gas compression.
On connaît du document EP-0475270 un disjoncteur à haute tension du type à auto-soufflage, comprenant une enveloppe isolante entourant une chambre d'expansion remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par deux tubes coaxiaux pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne reliant les tubes, une chambre de soufflage à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage et une chambre de compression communiquant avec la chambre de soufflage et fermée par un piston semi-mobile.Document EP-0475270 discloses a high-voltage circuit breaker of the self-blowing type, comprising an insulating envelope surrounding an expansion chamber filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, one at least forming part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by two coaxial tubes to delimit, on either side of a ring connecting the tubes, a constant volume blowing chamber closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a semi-piston mobile.
Pendant une opération d'ouverture, le gaz dans la chambre de compression est comprimé du fait que la distance entre le piston et la couronne séparant la chambre de compression de la chambre de soufflage décroît. Dans ce disjoncteur connu, le gaz diélectrique est comprimé pendant tout le déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture. Le déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile requiert une certaine quantité d'énergie. La quantité d'énergie nécessaire est d'autant plus grande que le gaz dans la chambre de compression est comprimé pendant toute la course de l'ensemble de contact mobile.During an opening operation, the gas in the compression chamber is compressed because the distance between the piston and the ring separating the compression chamber from the blowing chamber decreases. In this known circuit breaker, the dielectric gas is compressed during the entire movement of the movable contact assembly between the closed position and the open position. Moving the movable contact assembly requires a certain amount of energy. The amount of energy required is greater the greater the gas in the compression chamber is compressed during the entire stroke of the movable contact assembly.
Le but de l'invention est de réduire la consommation d'énergie du disjoncteur pendant une opération d'ouverture.The object of the invention is to reduce the energy consumption of the circuit breaker during an opening operation.
A cet effet, l'invention à pour objet un disjoncteur à haute tension du type à auto-soufflage, comprenant une enveloppe isolante entourant une chambre d'expansion remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube et un second tube coaxial au premier tube pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une première couronne reliant le premier et le second tubes, une chambre de soufflage à volume constant fermée par une buse de soufflage et une chambre de compression communiquant avec la chambre de soufflage et fermée par un piston, caractérisé par un moyen pour immobiliser le piston pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile entre la position de fermeture et la position d'ouverture et un moyen pour déplacer axialement le piston avec l'ensemble de contact mobile pendant une seconde partie de ce même déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile.To this end, the invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker of the self-blowing type, comprising a insulating envelope surrounding an expansion chamber filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one forming part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member and suitable for be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly consisting of a first tube and a second tube coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a first ring connecting the first and second tubes, a constant volume blowing chamber closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a piston, characterized by means for immobilizing the piston during a first part of the movement of the movable contact assembly between the closed position and the open position and a means for axially moving the piston with the assembly of c ontact mobile during a second part of this same movement of the mobile contact assembly.
Dans le cas de faibles courants à couper, l'extinction de l'arc se produisant entre les contacts d'arc pendant une opération d'ouverture, se fait à l'aide d'une compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression. Or l'extinction de l'arc obtenue par un flux de gaz provenant de la chambre de compression s'opère avant la fin du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. Par conséquent, il n'est pas nécessaire de comprimer le gaz dans la chambre de compression pendant tout le déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. A partir de l'instant où le piston se déplace avec l'ensemble de contact mobile, la quantité d'énergie nécessaire pour manoeuvrer l'ensemble de contact mobile est très réduite du fait qu'il n'y a plus de compression de gaz.In the case of low currents to be cut, the extinction of the arc occurring between the arcing contacts during an opening operation is effected by means of compression of the gas in the compression chamber. However, the extinction of the arc obtained by a flow of gas coming from the compression chamber takes place before the movement of the movable contact assembly has ended. Therefore, it is not necessary to compress the gas in the compression chamber during the entire movement of the movable contact assembly. From the moment the piston moves with the movable contact assembly, the amount of energy required to operate the movable contact assembly is very reduced because there is no more gas compression .
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le moyen pour déplacer axialement le piston est constitué par un organe d'entraînement solidaire de l'ensemble de contact mobile qui entraîne une butée solidaire du piston pendant la seconde partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile, cette butée étant disposée sur le trajet de l'organe d'entraînement.According to another characteristic of the invention, the means for axially displacing the piston consists of a drive member integral with the contact assembly mobile which drives a stop integral with the piston during the second part of the movement of the mobile contact assembly, this stop being disposed on the path of the drive member.
Le piston est relié à un troisième tube pourvu d'au moins une lumière dans laquelle coulisse un doigt solidaire du premier tube et qui s'étend radialement par rapport à celui-ci en direction du second tube.The piston is connected to a third tube provided with at least one lumen in which slides a finger integral with the first tube and which extends radially with respect to the latter in the direction of the second tube.
Le moyen pour immobiliser le piston est constitué par un ressort disposé entre l'organe d'entraînement et le piston et par un organe de retenue fixe coopérant avec le piston. Ce ressort permet en outre de compenser les effets de surpression de gaz dans la chambre de compression en cas de coupure de forts courants.The means for immobilizing the piston consists of a spring arranged between the drive member and the piston and by a fixed retaining member cooperating with the piston. This spring also makes it possible to compensate for the effects of gas overpressure in the compression chamber in the event of a break in high currents.
Un exemple de réalisation de l'invention est décrit ci-après en détail en référence aux figures.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below in detail with reference to the figures.
Les figures 1A,1B,1C sont des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur ayant une chambre de coupure à compression limitée, respectivement en position de fermeture, en position de fin de compression et en position d'ouverture.FIGS. 1A, 1B, 1C are views in longitudinal section of a circuit breaker having a breaking chamber with limited compression, respectively in the closed position, in the end of compression position and in the open position.
Les figures 2A, 2B et 2C illustrent l'application de l'invention à un disjoncteur du type à contacts en bout, et représentent partiellement, en coupe longitudinale, un disjoncteur à contacts en bout respectivement en position de fermeture, en position en fin de compression et en position d'ouverture.FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C illustrate the application of the invention to a circuit breaker of the end contact type, and partially represent, in longitudinal section, a circuit breaker with end contacts respectively in the closed position, in the end position of compression and in the open position.
Dans ce qui suit, on décrira une chambre de coupure, étant entendu qu'un disjoncteur à haute tension, peut comporter, pour chaque phase, plusieurs chambres de coupure du type qui va être décrit. Dans les figures 1A à 1C, les mêmes références désignent des éléments identiques.In what follows, a breaking chamber will be described, it being understood that a high voltage circuit breaker, may comprise, for each phase, several breaking chambers of the type which will be described. In FIGS. 1A to 1C, the same references designate identical elements.
Dans les figures, la référence 1 désigne une enveloppe isolante, de préférence en porcelaine, délimitant une chambre d'expansion 2 remplie d'un gaz à bonnes propriétés diélectriques, par exemple l'hexafluorure de soufre sous une pression de quelques bars.In the figures, the reference 1 designates an insulating envelope, preferably of porcelain, delimiting an
Le disjoncteur comprend un ensemble fixe et un ensemble de contact mobile.The circuit breaker includes a fixed assembly and a movable contact assembly.
L'ensemble fixe comprend un contact d'arc 3, constitué d'un tube métallique dont l'extrémité 3A est réalisée en un matériau résistant aux effets de l'arc, par exemple un alliage à base de tungstène. L'ensemble fixe comprend également un contact permanent fixe 4 constitué de doigts protégés par un capot pare-effluves 5. Le contact d'arc et le contact permanent fixe sont reliés électriquement à une première prise de courant, non représentée.The fixed assembly comprises an arcing contact 3, consisting of a metal tube, the
L'ensemble de contact mobile comprend une pièce de manoeuvre 6 traversant la chambre 2 de manière étanche et reliée à un mécanisme non représenté. A la pièce 6 est relié un ensemble métallique comprenant deux tubes 7 et 8 coaxiaux, le tube 8 ayant un diamètre plus grand que le tube 7. Les deux tubes 7,8 sont reliés entre eux par une couronne métallique 9. Ces tubes et cette couronne sont de préférence réalisés en une seule pièce venue d'usinage.The movable contact assembly comprises an operating part 6 passing through the
Le tube 7 constitue le contact d'arc mobile. Son extrémité 7A est réalisée en un matériau résistant aux effets de l'arc et coopère avec le contact 3-3A. Le tube 8 possède une extrémité 8A, de diamètre réduit et portant une buse de soufflage 10 en matériau isolant. La portion tubulaire 8A constitue le contact mobile permanent du disjoncteur et coopère, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position enclenchée (position de fermeture) avec les doigts 4 comme le montre la figure 1A.The tube 7 constitutes the movable arcing contact. Its
L'extrémité 8A du tube 8, la buse de soufflage 10, le tube 7 et la couronne 9 délimitent une chambre de soufflage 17. La couronne 9, les tubes 7 et 8 et un piston 11 délimitent une chambre de compression 18 séparée de la chambre de soufflage par la couronne 9. Le piston coulisse axialement entre les tubes 7 et 8 de façon étanche. Le piston 11 est relié à un tube 12 coaxial aux tubes 7 et 8 . L'extrémité libre du tube 12 est reliée à une couronne 12A formant une collerette. La couronne 12A coopère avec une couronne 14A reliée à un tube 14 fixe coaxial au tube 12, la couronne 14A formant une butée de fin de course du tube 12 pendant une manoeuvre de fermeture. Le tube 14 est relié électriquement à une seconde prise de courant non représentée. Le tube 14 supporte par ailleurs un contact permanent formé de doigts 16 en contact électrique avec le tube 8. Il faut comprendre que la couronne 11, le tube 12 et la couronne 12A forment une seule pièce venue d'usinage.The
Un ou plusieurs doigts 7B solidaires du tube 7 et s'étendant radialement par rapport à celui-ci en direction du tube 8 s'engagent par leur extrémité libre dans une ou des lumières 13 aménagées dans le tube 12. On comprendra que les doigts 7B et le tube 7 forment une seule pièce.One or
Un ou plusieurs ressorts 15 sont disposés entre le ou les doigts 7B et le piston 11.One or
Le piston 11 est équipé d'un clapet unidirectionnel 11A permettant une circulation de gaz de la chambre de coupure 2 vers la chambre de compression. De même la couronne 9 est équipée d'un clapet unidirectionnel 9A permettant une circulation de gaz de la chambre de compression 18 vers la chambre de soufflage 17.The
Le fonctionnement du disjoncteur est le suivant.The circuit breaker works as follows.
Pour enclencher le disjoncteur, le tube de manoeuvre 6 est actionné pour déplacer l'ensemble de contact mobile vers la gauche comme indiqué par la flèche f sur la figure 1A. Pendant cette manoeuvre de fermeture, le ressort 15 est comprimé du fait que la distance entre le doigt 7B et le piston 11 décroît. En effet, le doigt 7B se déplace vers la gauche tandis que le piston est maintenu immobile du fait que la couronne 12A est retenue par la couronne 14A. Par ailleurs, la chambre de compression 18 se remplit de gaz provenant de la chambre de coupure 2 du fait que l'éloignement de la couronne 9 du piston 11 provoque l'ouverture du clapet 11A. De même, la chambre de soufflage 17 se remplit de gaz provenant de la chambre de compression 18 du fait de l'ouverture du clapet unidirectionnel 9A. En position enclenchée, le courant traverse les doigts 4, le tube 8A,8, les doigts 16, le tube 14.To switch on the circuit breaker, the operating tube 6 is actuated to move the movable contact assembly to the left as indicated by the arrow f in FIG. 1A. During this closing maneuver, the
Pour couper un courant, le tube de manoeuvre 6 est actionné pour déplacer l'ensemble de contact mobile vers la droite comme indiqué par la flèche o sur les figures 1B et 1C. Les contacts permanents 4 et 8A se séparent. Le courant est commuté sur les contacts d'arc 3-3A et 7A et un arc se produit entre les contacts d'arc lorsqu'ils se séparent. L'arc électrique chauffe le gaz dans la région de l'arc ce qui provoque une augmentation de la pression dans la chambre de soufflage. Le courant d'arc suit un système de fréquence à courbe sinusoïdale et quand la valeur du courant approche le passage à zéro, la surpression dans la chambre 17 s'évacue au travers du canal délimité par le tube 7A et la buse 10 et provoque le soufflage de l'arc. Lorsque le déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile a été suffisant pour que le contact d'arc 3A libère la sortie de la buse 10 où la pression est inférieure à la pression de la chambre de soufflage, le gaz sous pression dans la chambre de soufflage passe par la sortie de la buse pour s'évacuer dans la chambre de coupure 2. L'arc électrique est refroidi par la circulation de gaz et coupé au passage à zéro du courant.To cut off a current, the operating tube 6 is actuated to move the movable contact assembly to the right as indicated by the arrow o in FIGS. 1B and 1C.
Durant la manoeuvre d'ouverture, le gaz dans la chambre de compression est comprimé du fait que la distance entre la couronne 9 et le piston 11 décroît. En effet pendant une première partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile, le doigt 7B se déplace librement dans la lumière 13 du tube 12 entre une extrémité gauche de la lumière et une extrémité droite de la lumière alors que la couronne 12A du tube 12 est maintenue en butée contre la couronne 14A du fait de l'action du ressort 15 sur le piston 11. Ceci provoque une montée de la pression dans la chambre de compression. Lorsque le doigt 7B arrive en butée contre l'extrémité droite de la lumière après avoir parcouru une distance Dx, il entraîne le tube 12 et donc le piston 11 jusqu'à la fin du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile. Durant cette seconde partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile, la compression du gaz dans la chambre de compression 18 est interrompue et l'énergie nécessaire à l'actionnement du tube de manoeuvre est réduite.During the opening operation, the gas in the compression chamber is compressed because the distance between the
Avant la fin du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile, la pression dans la chambre de soufflage décroît comme décrit ci-dessus, et le clapet unidirectionnel 9A s'ouvre. Ceci conduit à une diminution de la pression dans la chambre de compression ce qui provoque une circulation de gaz de la chambre de compression vers la chambre de soufflage puis vers la région de l'arc. Le gaz froid de haute densité provenant de la chambre de compression remplace alors le gaz chaud de basse densité dans la région de l'arc ce qui provoque une réduction considérable de la température dans la chambre de soufflage et donc un meilleur fonctionnement du disjoncteur.Before the movement of the movable contact assembly has ended, the pressure in the blowing chamber decreases as described above, and the unidirectional valve 9A opens. This leads to a decrease in the pressure in the compression chamber which causes gas to flow from the compression chamber to the blowing chamber and then to the region of the arc. The high density cold gas from the compression chamber then replaces the low density hot gas in the arc region which causes a considerable reduction in the temperature in the blowing chamber and therefore better operation of the circuit breaker.
Quand il s'agit de couper des petits courants, l'augmentation de pression dans la chambre de soufflage provoquée par l'arc est insuffisante pour couper efficacement l'arc. Dans un tel cas, l'extinction de l'arc s'effectue à l'aide de la chambre de compression dans laquelle s'opère une montée en pression du gaz pendant l'opération d'ouverture. La pression dans la chambre de compression devient ainsi plus grande que dans la chambre de soufflage ce qui provoque l'ouverture du clapet 9A et une circulation de gaz depuis la chambre de compression vers la chambre d'expansion. Cette circulation de gaz est suffisante pour couper l'arc au passage à zéro du courant. L'opération d'ouverture se poursuit pour éloigner les contacts d'arc alors que le volume de compression dans la chambre de compression reste constant du fait que le piston 11 est entraîné avec l'ensemble de contact mobile. La consommation d'énergie du disjoncteur pour cette partie du déplacement de l'ensemble de contact mobile est réduite.When it comes to cutting small currents, the increase in pressure in the blowing chamber caused by the arc is insufficient to effectively cut the arc. In such a case, the arc is extinguished using the compression chamber in which the gas pressure increases during the opening operation. The pressure in the compression chamber thus becomes greater than in the blowing chamber which causes the opening of the valve 9A and a circulation of gas from the compression chamber to the expansion chamber. This gas circulation is sufficient to cut the arc at the zero crossing of the current. The opening operation continues to move the arcing contacts away while the compression volume in the compression chamber remains constant because the
Les figures 2A à 2C illustrent l'application de l'invention à un disjoncteur à moyenne ou haute tension du type à contacts en bout.FIGS. 2A to 2C illustrate the application of the invention to a medium or high voltage circuit breaker of the type with end contacts.
L'ensemble mobile comprend un cylindre métallique 21 relié électriquement à une prise de courant non représentée par des doigts de contact 22: le cylindre 21 est relié mécaniquement par son fond 21A à une tige de manoeuvre 23; le cyindre 21 délimite avec une cloison transversale annulaire 24 et une buse isolante 25, un volume d'expansion V1. La cloison 24 est munie d'au moins un clapet unidirectionnel 26.The movable assembly comprises a
A l'intérieur du cylindre 21 est placé un piston annulaire 27 fixé à l'extrémité d'un tube 28 servant de contact mobile; l'extrémité 28A du cylindre 28 est réalisé en un alliage résistant aux effets de l'arc électrique et coopère avec un tube fixe 30 constituant le contact fixe du disjoncteur. L'extrémité 30A du tube 30 est réalisé en un alliage résistant aux effets de l'arc.Inside the
Le cylindre21, la cloison 26, le piston 27 et le tube 28 délimitenr un volume de compression V2.The
Lorsque le disjoncteur est en position fermée, la pression de contact entre les tubes 28 et 30 est assurée par un ressort 31 s'appuyant sur le fond 21A et sur le piston 27.When the circuit breaker is in the closed position, the contact pressure between the
Des doigts de contact 32 fixés à la cloison 24 assurent le passage du courant permanent lorsque le disjoncteur est en position fermée.Contact
Un contact glissant 33 permet le passage du courant du tube 28 à la ccloison 26.A sliding
On note que le piston 27 est muni d'un clapet unidirectionnel 35 et que le fond 21A est percé de trous 36.It will be noted that the
Le fonctionnement du disjoncteur est le suivant:
- en position fermée (Fig. 2A), le courant traverse
le tube 30, les doigts 32,la cloison 26, le cylindre 21 et les doigts 22. - à l'ouverture du disjoncteur, l'ensemble mobile est déplacé vers la droite de la figure. Le volume de compression diminue; les doigts 32 quittent le
tube 30 mais le contact reste assuré par les contacts en 30A.bout 28A etLe piston 27 reste donc immobile. (Fig. 2B) - à la séparation des
contacts 28A et 30A, le piston est entraîné avec le reste de l'ensemble mobile.
- in the closed position (Fig. 2A), the current flows through the
tube 30, thefingers 32, thepartition 26, thecylinder 21 and thefingers 22. - when the circuit breaker opens, the mobile assembly is moved to the right in the figure. The compression volume decreases; the
fingers 32 leave thetube 30 but the contact remains ensured by the 28A and 30A. Theend contacts piston 27 therefore remains stationary. (Fig. 2B) - when the
28A and 30A separate, the piston is driven with the rest of the movable assembly.contacts
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9211588A FR2696274B1 (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1992-09-29 | Self-blowing high voltage circuit breaker having a reduced gas compression interrupting chamber. |
FR9211588 | 1992-09-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0591039A1 true EP0591039A1 (en) | 1994-04-06 |
EP0591039B1 EP0591039B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=9433999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93402358A Expired - Lifetime EP0591039B1 (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1993-09-27 | H.T. self-blast circuit breaker having an arc chamber with reduced gas compression |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0591039B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1042770C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE140341T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2107017A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69303568T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2696274B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9305958A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0664552A1 (en) * | 1994-01-25 | 1995-07-26 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Puffer-type gas-blast circuit breaker with double movement |
FR2720188A1 (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1995-11-24 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Reduced auto-compression circuit breaker. |
FR2724259A1 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-08 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | SEMI-MOBILE PISTON SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER |
FR2745947A1 (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1997-09-12 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH REDUCED AUTOCOMPRESSION |
FR2748598A1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-14 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | HIGH-VOLTAGE SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER |
FR2756413A1 (en) * | 1996-11-28 | 1998-05-29 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | SEMI-MOBILE PISTON CIRCUIT BREAKER |
FR2761520A1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-02 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Self-extinguishing mechanism for circuit breakers |
FR2766609A1 (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-01-29 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | GAS SWITCH WITH COMPRESSIBLE THERMAL EXPANSION VOLUME |
FR2817654A1 (en) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-07 | Alstom | Improved function auto extinguishing circuit breaker having moving contact controller actioned and spring unit storing movement energy second spring unit/making available controller. |
EP2045827A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2009-04-08 | Areva T&D Sa | Circuit breaker interruptor tube with double compression volume |
EP2278604A1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2011-01-26 | ABB Technology AG | High voltage switch |
US7964816B2 (en) | 2005-11-03 | 2011-06-21 | Areva T&T SA | Interrupting chamber having two compression chambers |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2949170B1 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-11-25 | Areva T & D Sas | BREAKER CHAMBER FOR A MEDIUM OR HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH REDUCED MANEUVER POWER |
CN114628189B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-05-24 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司 | Compressed air type arc extinguishing chamber and breaker |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1559522A (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1969-03-07 | ||
FR2210814A1 (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1974-07-12 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | |
FR2291601A1 (en) * | 1974-11-15 | 1976-06-11 | Alsthom Cgee | Arc extinction by aurocompression in circuit breakers - involves use of cylinder type unit which has piston in centre delayed by spring |
EP0475270A2 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-18 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | High-voltage circuit breaker of self-blasting type |
-
1992
- 1992-09-29 FR FR9211588A patent/FR2696274B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-27 DE DE69303568T patent/DE69303568T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-27 CA CA002107017A patent/CA2107017A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-09-27 AT AT93402358T patent/ATE140341T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-27 MX MX9305958A patent/MX9305958A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-27 EP EP93402358A patent/EP0591039B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-29 CN CN93118163A patent/CN1042770C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1559522A (en) * | 1967-04-13 | 1969-03-07 | ||
FR2210814A1 (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1974-07-12 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | |
FR2291601A1 (en) * | 1974-11-15 | 1976-06-11 | Alsthom Cgee | Arc extinction by aurocompression in circuit breakers - involves use of cylinder type unit which has piston in centre delayed by spring |
EP0475270A2 (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1992-03-18 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | High-voltage circuit breaker of self-blasting type |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0664552A1 (en) * | 1994-01-25 | 1995-07-26 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Puffer-type gas-blast circuit breaker with double movement |
AU693174B2 (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1998-06-25 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | A circuit-breaker having low self-compression |
FR2720188A1 (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1995-11-24 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Reduced auto-compression circuit breaker. |
EP0684622A1 (en) | 1994-05-19 | 1995-11-29 | Gec Alsthom T Et D Sa | Circuit breaker with reduced self compression |
US5600111A (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1997-02-04 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Circuit-breaker having low self-compression |
CN1074163C (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 2001-10-31 | Gec阿尔斯托姆T&D公司 | Disjoncteur a autocompression reduite |
FR2724259A1 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-08 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | SEMI-MOBILE PISTON SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER |
EP0701264A1 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-13 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Gas blast circuitbreaker with semi mobile piston |
FR2745947A1 (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1997-09-12 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH REDUCED AUTOCOMPRESSION |
US5780799A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1998-07-14 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Reduced autocompression circuit-breaker |
EP0795883A1 (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1997-09-17 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Circuit breaker with reduced self compression |
US5898150A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1999-04-27 | Gec Alsthom & D Sa | Gas-blast high-voltage circuit-breaker |
FR2748598A1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-14 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | HIGH-VOLTAGE SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER |
EP0807946A1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-19 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | High-voltage gas-blast puffer type circuit-breaker |
FR2756413A1 (en) * | 1996-11-28 | 1998-05-29 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | SEMI-MOBILE PISTON CIRCUIT BREAKER |
EP0845796A1 (en) * | 1996-11-28 | 1998-06-03 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Circuit breaker with semi mobile piston |
US5859399A (en) * | 1996-11-28 | 1999-01-12 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Circuit breaker having semi-moving piston |
FR2761520A1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-02 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Self-extinguishing mechanism for circuit breakers |
EP0895262A1 (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-03 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Gas circuit breaker with compressible volume and thermal expansion |
US5939692A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-08-17 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | Gas-filled interrupter with compressible thermal expansion chamber |
FR2766609A1 (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-01-29 | Gec Alsthom T & D Sa | GAS SWITCH WITH COMPRESSIBLE THERMAL EXPANSION VOLUME |
FR2817654A1 (en) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-07 | Alstom | Improved function auto extinguishing circuit breaker having moving contact controller actioned and spring unit storing movement energy second spring unit/making available controller. |
US7964816B2 (en) | 2005-11-03 | 2011-06-21 | Areva T&T SA | Interrupting chamber having two compression chambers |
EP2045827A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2009-04-08 | Areva T&D Sa | Circuit breaker interruptor tube with double compression volume |
US8044318B2 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2011-10-25 | Areva T&D Sa | Interrupting chamber of a circuit-breaker having two compression volumes |
EP2278604A1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2011-01-26 | ABB Technology AG | High voltage switch |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2696274B1 (en) | 1994-11-04 |
ATE140341T1 (en) | 1996-07-15 |
DE69303568T2 (en) | 1996-11-07 |
CN1042770C (en) | 1999-03-31 |
DE69303568D1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
CA2107017A1 (en) | 1994-03-30 |
CN1095520A (en) | 1994-11-23 |
FR2696274A1 (en) | 1994-04-01 |
MX9305958A (en) | 1994-04-29 |
EP0591039B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
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