EP0589288B1 - Verfahren zum Multiplexen von virtuellen Kanälen auf eine Übertragungsleitung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Multiplexen von virtuellen Kanälen auf eine Übertragungsleitung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0589288B1 EP0589288B1 EP93114445A EP93114445A EP0589288B1 EP 0589288 B1 EP0589288 B1 EP 0589288B1 EP 93114445 A EP93114445 A EP 93114445A EP 93114445 A EP93114445 A EP 93114445A EP 0589288 B1 EP0589288 B1 EP 0589288B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- cell
- transmission line
- distribution table
- virtual
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
- H04Q11/0428—Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
- H04Q11/0478—Provisions for broadband connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/24—Time-division multiplex systems in which the allocation is indicated by an address the different channels being transmitted sequentially
- H04J3/247—ATM or packet multiplexing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5614—User Network Interface
- H04L2012/5616—Terminal equipment, e.g. codecs, synch.
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5672—Multiplexing, e.g. coding, scrambling
Definitions
- a device is known from European patent EP 0 422 549 B1 for multiplexing over multiple virtual channels transmitting cells on a common transmission channel known.
- incoming cells are controlled by a multiplex directed into a cell memory that for each virtual connection contains an individual buffer memory.
- cell clocks are formed, which correspond to the consecutive time intervals during which the outgoing Cells are sent out on the transmission channel are numbered cyclically. Every cell cycle is an individual one Cell clock queue mapped into incoming for each Cell details, each associated with the virtual Identify channel, be entered. The respective The content of the cell clock queues is cyclically divided into one Transfer the send queue.
- This transferred information are then used in order to get out of the buffer spokes of the virtual channels to which they belong, each read a cell and send it out on the transmission channel.
- a regulation of the throughput of a given virtual Channel is achieved by successive cells a virtual channel considering a predetermined one Intervals are sent out. This is done for two consecutive Cells the information to identify the virtual channel entered in two cell clock queues, the at least one distance according to the determined interval own, this distance by the cyclical numbering the cell clock queues and through the cyclical Transfer of the cell clock queues to the send queue is determined.
- the problem underlying the invention is specify a method in which no bandwidth monitoring more necessary when sending in the operator is and still the cells perfectly on the transmission line be multiplexed. This task is carried out according to solved the features of claim 1.
- Cell Fixed length information unit consisting of header information such as the routing address and a payload component. For better differentiation from the empty cells, these cells are also referred to as useful cells.
- Empty cell In packet-switching systems, not all cells actually contain specific information for a virtual channel. The state that no information is to be transmitted is represented by empty cells.
- Output cell stream A cell stream is a continuous sequence of useful and empty cells.
- the output cell current is therefore the cell current transmitted on the transmission line.
- Data rate Each receiver or transmitter, hereinafter referred to as the virtual channel, can receive or send data at a specific data rate. In networks where data is transmitted in the form of a cell stream, however, the transmission rate is constant. This transmission rate of the transmission line is called the total data rate.
- virtual channels are labeled VC.
- VC1, VC2 and VC3 become cells ZE transfer.
- the individual cells ZE, which also have a Cell current should now be on a transmission line LE are multiplexed.
- the output cell current AZ flows.
- the time interval of cells i.e. the so-called cell clock on the transmission line LE, is determined by its total data rate (e.g. 2.7 microsec. for a total data rate of 150 megabits per second).
- the cells of each virtual parallel Channels VC must be on this sequential output cell stream AZ are multiplexed.
- a distributor is used for this VT.
- FIG KO It can occur as shown in FIG KO means that the cells of several virtual channels would have to be transmitted in order to achieve the data rate of each individual virtual channel VC; so a collision occurs.
- a bandwidth limiting circuit BGR ensured that the cells of a virtual channel after the bandwidth limiting circuit as evenly as possible distributed to the output data stream and thus against the cells of the other virtual channels are shifted such that Collision cannot occur.
- Fig. 1 the cells ZE1 on the individual virtual channels VC are so through the bandwidth limiting circuit BGR divided (cells ZE2) that by skillful shift of the cells versus the cells of the other virtual channels a collision KO can no longer occur.
- a central part of the process is a so-called static Distribution table in which the output data stream AZ is simulated is.
- the distribution table contains entries that indicate over which virtual channel VC a cell ZE is sent may be.
- the bandwidth limit corresponds to a uniform one Splitting the cells on the data stream. Higher data rates correspond to smaller mean cell distances.
- the length of the distribution table is adapted to the total data rate the transmission line. Is z. B. the total data rates 150 megabits per second, then the distribution table 150 entries if the smallest data rate is 1 megabit per second. The number of entries for one then corresponds to virtual channel VC in the distribution table the data rate of this virtual channel.
- Access classes are created for the virtual channels.
- the access class is shown in the first column.
- column 2 is the data rate in megabits per second specified.
- Column 3 shows the number of cells (Entries) in the distribution table; results from column 4 the average distance between the cells in the distribution table.
- access class 1 is selected, in which the virtual channel with a data rate of 2 megabits per second works, there are 150 entries in the distribution table two entries assigned to this virtual channel.
- the the mean distance between the two cells is then 75 also applies to the other virtual channels, the other access classes are assigned.
- the first entry can be a virtual channel assigned to access class 1, then the 75. Entry of the distribution table also this virtual Channel assigned.
- the Distribution table of the virtual channel with access class 2 be assigned.
- This virtual channel will then still be four entries in the distribution table associated with the distance from e.g. Have 37 or 38. Accordingly, for the other virtual channels with the other access classes Entries in the distribution table can be assigned. there the cells are divided so that the cells of a virtual Channel as evenly as possible on the output cell current be distributed and other channels to the cells shifted so that no collisions occur. If the virtual channels, the total data rate available not exploiting, the distribution table also contains entries, that don't refer to a channel.
- This distribution table is now cyclically in operation in the cell cycle worked off. If a cell for a virtual Channel that is in the distribution table is used Cell transferred. If there is no cell, until waited for the next cell cycle and then the next entry the distribution table edited. This follows from the figure 3. There is an example shown in which the ready to send VC cells of a virtual channel VC in a FIFO memory be cached. The distributor VT creates then using the distribution table the output cell current AZ.
- step 1 e.g. from distributor VT found in the distribution table that an entry for the virtual channel VC is present.
- Step 2 examines whether only one channel is assigned to this entry or not. If step 2 determines that an entry in the distribution table e.g. two virtual channels are assigned, then for the virtual channels Steps 3 and 4 performed and the appropriate cell given on the transmission line. In contrast, is in Step 2 found that there was no more virtual channel assigned to this entry, then go to step 5. It becomes the next entry in the distribution table passed, the assigned virtual channel is determined and determined in the associated FIFO whether a cell is output may or may not be. If no cell is output can be examined in step 7, then an empty cell in step 10 on the transmission line given.
- Step 8 fetched this cell from the FIFO and in step 9 spent. All branches of the diagram lead to the step 11, which specifies that the current entry and the pointer to the last processed FIFO or VCI is retained becomes. A change to the next entry in the distribution table only done according to step 5 if found has been (in step 2) that one just edited No further virtual channel has been assigned to the entry is.
- the advantage of the method according to the invention is in particular in that the problem of bandwidth limitation is solved by dividing the cells of the virtual Channels (e.g. corresponding to Figure 2) on the output cell current. Furthermore, the multiplexing of the cells of the virtual channels on the output cell stream set simple way. This ensures that the data rate of the individual virtual channels is not exceeded becomes. Another advantage is that the Procedure can be easily implemented, the implementation easily possible in both hardware and software is.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
Description
- die Empfänger besitzen unterschiedliche Empfangsdatenraten. Da die Datenrate auf der Übertragungsleitung, im folgenden Gesamtdatenrate genannt, konstant ist, müssen bereits beim Multiplexen der Zellströme die unterschiedlichen Datenraten der Empfänger in Form unterschiedlich langer Zeitabstände zwischen zwei für den gleichen Empfänger bestimmten Zellen berücksichtigt werden.
- Das Multiplexen ist unter Echtzeitbedingungen auszuführen.
Zelle: Informationseinheit fester Länge, die aus einer Headerinformation, z.B. der Routing-Adresse, und einem Nutzlastanteil besteht. Zur besseren Abgrenzung gegenüber den Leerzellen werden diese Zellen auch als Nutzzellen bezeichnet.
Leerzelle: In paketvermitttelnden Systemen beinhalten nicht alle Zellen auch tatsächlich eine bestimmte Information für einen virtuellen Kanal. Der Zustand, daß keine Informationen zu übertragen sind, wird durch Leerzellen repräsentiert.
Datenrate: Jeder Empfänger oder Sender, im folgenden virtueller Kanal genannt, kann Daten mit einer bestimmten Datenrate empfangen oder aussenden. In Netzen, auf denen Daten in Form eines Zellstroms übertragen werden, ist jedoch die Übertragungsrate konstant. Diese Übertragungsrate der Übertragungsleitung wird Gesamtdatenrate genannt.
Claims (4)
- Verfahren zum Multiplexen von über mehrere jeweils einem Empfänger zugeordneten virtuellen Kanälen (VC) zu übertragenden Zellen (ZE) auf eine Übertragungsleitung,bei dem entsprechend der Gesamtdatenrate der Übertragungsleitung (LE) eine Anzahl von Einträgen in einer statischen Verteiltabelle vorgesehen werden,bei dem diese Einträge den virtuellen Kanälen (VC) entsprechend deren Datenrate zugeordnet werden,bei dem die Verteiltabelle zyklisch im Zellentakt abgearbeitet wird und dabei entsprechend dem Eintrag in der Verteiltabelle der virtuelle Kanal ausgewählt wird, der eine Zelle auf die Übertragungsleitung sendet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4231860 | 1992-09-23 | ||
DE4231860 | 1992-09-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0589288A2 EP0589288A2 (de) | 1994-03-30 |
EP0589288A3 EP0589288A3 (de) | 1997-12-03 |
EP0589288B1 true EP0589288B1 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
Family
ID=6468645
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93114445A Expired - Lifetime EP0589288B1 (de) | 1992-09-23 | 1993-09-08 | Verfahren zum Multiplexen von virtuellen Kanälen auf eine Übertragungsleitung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0589288B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE210361T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59310243D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2581473B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-22 | 1997-02-12 | 日本電気株式会社 | ページングシステムの交互送信方法および装置 |
EP1224777B1 (de) | 1999-10-28 | 2006-09-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum verbessern der datenübertragungsqualität in datenpaketorientierten kommunikationsnetzen |
GB2381401B (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2005-12-21 | Thirdspace Living Ltd | Data switch |
CN1922809A (zh) * | 2004-02-25 | 2007-02-28 | 西门子公司 | 组合时分复用信号的方法和装置 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2653284B1 (fr) * | 1989-10-12 | 1994-05-06 | Alcatel Cit | Dispositif de regularisation de debit de circuit virtuels empruntant une voie de transmission a multiplexage temporel asynchrone. |
US5150358A (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1992-09-22 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Serving constant bit rate traffic in a broadband data switch |
-
1993
- 1993-09-08 DE DE59310243T patent/DE59310243D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-08 AT AT93114445T patent/ATE210361T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-08 EP EP93114445A patent/EP0589288B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0589288A2 (de) | 1994-03-30 |
EP0589288A3 (de) | 1997-12-03 |
ATE210361T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
DE59310243D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
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