EP0567050B1 - Violin shoulder rest - Google Patents

Violin shoulder rest Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0567050B1
EP0567050B1 EP93106331A EP93106331A EP0567050B1 EP 0567050 B1 EP0567050 B1 EP 0567050B1 EP 93106331 A EP93106331 A EP 93106331A EP 93106331 A EP93106331 A EP 93106331A EP 0567050 B1 EP0567050 B1 EP 0567050B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arm
stirrup
arrangement according
support
violin
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EP93106331A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0567050A1 (en
Inventor
Paul-Antoine Roulet
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ROULET PAUL ANTOINE
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ROULET PAUL ANTOINE
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/18—Chin-rests, hand-rests, shoulder rests or guards being removable from, or integral with the instrument

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a support for the shoulder for violin and, more particularly, to such support provided with a quick mounting device for the support by means of which the violin, during an execution, is leaning against the violinist's shoulder.
  • a shoulder support of this type is described in the French patent FR 2 659 163 filed in the name of the applicant. It essentially comprises a support piece, intended to be in contact with the shoulder, and attached to an arm, preferably adjustable. The latter is himself attached to the base of a chin rest by means of a removable connection. The base of the chin rest is formed by a stirrup which carries the adjustable connection and the chin rest itself and which comes to tighten respectively against the back and the violin table.
  • the support thus makes it possible to maintain the violin only by pinching this support, so with a large comfort for the performer, between the chin and the shoulder of the latter, without having to use his hand left which thus remains completely free to pass from a position to the other on the violin key.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the two disadvantages which have just been described by providing a shoulder support in which the attachment of the arm with on the one hand, the bracket can be removed without tools, and on the other hand does not cause an overthickness against the background of the violin.
  • Document DE-C-41 057 discloses a shoulder support for violin comprising an arm split longitudinally to form the branches of a fork, arranged to cooperate by force and by spring effect with a tongue for fixing the stirrup.
  • the wedging means make integral part of the caliper, it is no longer necessary use a special tool to remove the support the shoulder of the violin.
  • the jamming is done by the spacing of the legs of the fork provided at the end of the arm of the shoulder support, branches of which the side faces are then pressed against the faces side of the passage provided in the stirrup. Therefore, the loosening of the branches, to separate them again from side walls of the passage by actuating the means of jamming in reverse, requires no effort particular so that disassembly can be done easily even by a child or without soliciting in any the violinist's hand.
  • the invention also relates to a support for the shoulder of the type described above and whose stirrup includes two branches of adjustable length, to ensure tightening, as well as a core connecting these two branches to each other and coming to rest on the bottom, while that, on the side of said table, said branches are inserted into holes made in said chin strap, and characterized in that said core and said branches of the stirrup are connected to each other by through a connecting piece extending in look of the splint of the instrument and provided with means mounting allowing lateral positioning predetermined branches of the stirrup one with respect to the other.
  • the shoulder support can be easily used with various types of chin rests for which the distance between the mounting holes is different.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown the body C of a violin with its table T (upper side) and its bottom F, joined by splint E.
  • a tailpiece CO is attached, classic way, with a tailpiece button B anchored in a cleat (not visible on the drawing) placed inside the body C to support the splint E at this location.
  • the shoulder support for violin is designated by the general reference 1. It includes a stirrup 2, chin strap 3 and shoulder support 4 composed of an arm 5 and a cross 6 provided with a pad 7.
  • a stirrup 2 chin strap 3
  • shoulder support 4 composed of an arm 5 and a cross 6 provided with a pad 7.
  • the invention is not not limited to the specific use of support for the shoulder as described in this patent, given that it focuses more specifically on how is carried out the attachment of the arm from a shoulder support to the stirrup, itself fixed on the violin.
  • the stirrup 2 comprises a core 8 formed of a plate 9, preferably metallic and which may have a thickness of 2 mm, for example.
  • the stirrup has also two branches 10 and 11 which extend parallel upward along the fishplate E and are fixed in the chin rest 2, in the usual way. More specifically, each branch 10, 11 has a first bent rod 10a, 11a fixed in the plate 9 by one of its ends and screwed by its other end which is threaded, in a socket 10b, 11b forming a nut Tightening.
  • a second angled rod 10c, 11c also threaded at one end is screwed into the socket 10b, 11b corresponding and engaged by its other end in the chin rest 3.
  • the stirrup secured to the chin rest, can be tightened on the violin by stretching branches 10 and 11 by rotation of the sockets 10b, 11b.
  • a strip 12 made of cork by example, is placed between the plate 9 and the bottom F of the violin to avoid damage to it during Tightening.
  • the arm 5 has, at the end which cooperates with the stirrup 2, a slot longitudinal 13 extending approximately over a quarter of the length of this arm which, therefore, has the shape a fork with two branches 5a and 5b. Otherwise, this same end of arm 5 has a portion widened 14 whose length is approximately equal to eighth of the length of this arm. Thanks to this shape particular of this end of the arm 5, the branches 5a and 5b may deviate or slightly approach one on the other, without the arm being deformed permed.
  • the shoulder support comprises also wedging means designated by the general reference 15 and which allow the arm 5 of the stirrup 2.
  • These wedging means are constructed as follows.
  • the slot 13 defines a passage comprising a first part 13a whose cross section is circular, when arm 5 is in the free state (situation shown in Figure 3).
  • This slot also has a second part 13b whose walls longitudinal sides are straight and that presents thus a rectangular cross section.
  • the parts 13a and 13b of the slot 13 are separated from each other by an oblong light 16 which is further provided in the end of arm 5. It extends transversely to the slot 13 on equal lengths on either side of this one.
  • the lateral edges 14a and 14b of a portion widened end 14 of arm 5, are cut at a bevel to that it takes the form of a dovetail.
  • the plate 9 has, in turn, a passage 17 formed by a groove whose side walls 17a and 17b are returning.
  • the cross section of passage 17 takes the form of a dovetail complementary to the shape of the cross section of the enlarged portion 14, it being understood that the dimensions of these cross sections are chosen in such a way that there is a slight clearance between the enlarged portion 14 and the walls 17a and 17b of the groove 17, when the end of arm 5 is inserted into this passage, then that branches 5a and 5b are still in the state free.
  • the wedging means 15 also include a control member 18 in the form of a key or key, permanently mounted on arm 5, while can be rotated around an axis of rotation X-X which extends longitudinally with respect to this arm (see in particular Figure 5).
  • this axis coincides with the axis of the end portion 13a of the slot 13 which, as already indicated above, has a circular section, when the arm 5 is in the free state.
  • the key 18 has the general shape of an L whose small branch 19 plays the role of controller and whose large branch 20 is engaged in the slot 13 of the arm 5 (see in particular Figure 3).
  • a first part 20a is of circular cross section with a diameter slightly lower than that of section 13a section slot circular 13.
  • a second part 20b of branch 20 is a eccentric with circular peripheral surface of a diameter significantly greater than that of part 20a.
  • the third part 20c of branch 20 presents a egg-shaped cross section with a small axis 21a and a major axis 21b whose length exceeds the width of the part 13b of the slot 13, when the arm 5 is at the free state (see Figures 7A and 7B, in particular).
  • the eccentric 20b cooperates with a small cavity 22 dug in the plate 9 near the rear edge thereof and located approximately in the middle of the bottom of groove 17 of this brochure.
  • the eccentric is housed, moreover, in the light 16 provided in the arm 5 whereby the key 18, once mounted in arm 5 by deformation temporary of its branches, is made integral longitudinally. But she also stands in solidarity transversely from the fact that its front part 18a of circular section is maintained in the front part 13a of the slot 13, while being guided therein in rotation. So, key 18 and made captive, even when pressing shoulder 4 itself is removed from the violin.
  • the length of the oblong lumen 16 is then equal at X1, while the distance between the side walls straight from the rear part 13b of the slot 13 is equal at Y1.
  • the rear part 20c of the key 18 then spreads the branches 5a and 5b of arm 5 which will get caught by edges 14a and 14b under the re-entrant side walls 17a and 17b of the groove 17.
  • the arm is blocked, a possible untimely longitudinal movement of the arm by compared to the insert (for example due to sudden movement of the instrumentalist) being prevented by the eccentric 20b retained in the cavity 22.
  • the length of the oblong light 16 and the distance between the walls side of the rear part 13b of the slot 13 are then respectively equal to X2 and Y2, respectively larger than X1 and Y1.
  • the mode of operation of such a mechanism implies naturally extremely small tolerances when the manufacture of the parts which compose it. Indeed, for that the arm is rigidly fixed, it is necessary that the branches 5a and 5b of arm 5 are pressed against the walls lateral 17a and 17b of the groove 17.
  • the length Y2 of the major axis 21b of the rear part 20c of oval section of the key 18 cannot therefore be less than a certain minimum value. In addition, the length Y2 must also not more exceed this minimum value by more than a few hundredths of a millimeter. Indeed, if the length Y2 of the major axis 21b is too large, the branches 5a and 5b of the arms 5 will not have room to move far enough and they will be damaged by crushing during movement of rotation of the key 18.
  • the realization of the shoulder support shown in the figure 15 comprises, formed in one of the branches of his arm (referenced 105 in this figure), an L-shaped slot referenced 40 and intended to absorb the deformations of the metal forming the arm 105.
  • the slot 40 is formed by two rectilinear parts which are join in a 90 ° bend. The most straight part long runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the key 18 opposite the part of it whose section and oval, while the shortest part forming the foot of the L extends from the 90 ° elbow to the longitudinal slot 13 which houses the key 18.
  • the presence of the slot 40 in one of the branches of the arm 105 allows the material forming part of the branch which is in direct contact with the region of oval section of the key 18 to flex. Thanks to that possibility of elastic deformation, arm 105 can cooperate without damage with a key 18 whose axis Y2 can possibly have a length exceeding specifications of several tenths of a millimeter.
  • Disassembly of the shoulder support for example for storing the violin in its case is just as easy as its mounting.
  • Just turn key 18 a quarter turn to straighten the lever 19.
  • the branches 5a and 5b of the arm 5 can then approach again each other due to the inherent elasticity of this arm, which will remove the jamming by the shape in dovetail of the portion 14 of the arm 5 and of the groove 17 of the plate 9.
  • the shoulder support can then simply be removed from the bracket 2.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a first variant of the wedging means designated here by the reference general 15A.
  • the arm 5 has a slot 13A whose side walls are parallel over its entire length.
  • the slot is interrupted by an elongated light 24 oriented axially with respect to arm 5 and a width significantly larger than that of slot 13A.
  • a wedging member or wedge 25 having an edge 25a at the rear.
  • the arm When in this case, the arm is slid into the groove 17 in plate 9, then pulled forward (movement indicated by arrows 26 on the Figure 8), the edge 25a of the corner 25 is introduced between the branches 5a and 5b of arm 5, by spreading one of them the other. This results in the jamming of the shoulder support 4 and the immobilization of the arm 5 in the stirrup 2.
  • the wedge 25 can be a part that is machined separately and inserted by a nipple (not shown) or glued, for example in the bottom of the groove 17 of the plate 9.
  • FIGS 10 and 11 show another variant wedging means indicated here by the reference general 15B.
  • the arm 5 has a slot longitudinal 13B which widens backwards at 27.
  • the stirrup here comprises a plate 9B which, in addition to present the groove 17 of the previous variants, laterally has undercut 28a and 28b internally by re-entrant surfaces 29.
  • this plate 9B has two parallel ribs 30a and 30b whose sides have re-entrant surfaces.
  • the surfaces 29 are intended to retain a member of wedge or slider 31 formed by an overlapping trigger guard the two ribs 30a and 30b and which comprises laterally two hooks 32a and 32b engaged with the surfaces re-entrant 29.
  • a corner 33 opposite the bottom of the groove 17 of the wafer 9B. This corner cooperates with the flared part 27 of the slot 13B of arm 5.
  • Plate 9B also has a milling elongated 34 extending along the rib 30b and with which cooperates a pin 35 inserted in the cursor 31.
  • the mounting of the arm 5 on the plate 9B is done in this case by sliding it in the groove 17 according to the arrow 36.
  • the blocking then occurs as soon as the cursor 31 is pushed in the opposite direction on the ribs 30a and 30b to introduce the corner 33 between the branches 5a and 5b of the arm 5 (see figure 11).
  • the shoulder support device for violin according to the invention is designated by the general reference 101. It includes a stirrup 102, a chin strap 103 and a support shoulder 104 composed of an arm 105 and a cross member 106 fitted with a pad 107.
  • the cross member 106 is folded relative to the arm 105, both in inclination and in longitudinal position the along this one, this position being able to be easily given thanks to an adjustable fixing set 108.
  • This set and how to use it are described in detail in the patent FR 2,659,163 already cited.
  • the stirrup 102 comprises a core 109 in the form of a plate, applied against the bottom F of the violin with interposition of a cork strip 110, by example.
  • the parts of the crossbar 115 which protrude laterally from the respective connection lugs 114 are pierced with lights 117, preferably in shape rectangular, and whose long sides extend longitudinally with respect to the crossbar 115.
  • the plate 109, the connection tabs 114, as well that the crossbar 115 are preferably made in a single metal piece stamped and folded so appropriate.
  • the stirrup 102 also has two parallel arms 118 extending upward and each consisting of three rooms.
  • a coupling piece is having the form of a key 119 is intended for fit in one of the bar lights 117 transverse 115.
  • Each key is formed of a body 119a of generally cylindrical shape, ending at its upper end in a threaded end 119b.
  • This body 119a also has two clearances, at first know a 119c flat whereby it can come and place yourself astride the upper part 115a of the crossbar 115 which borders the light rectangular 117.
  • the flat 119c is located in diametrically opposite position and offset in height on the body 119a with respect to a cut 119d made also on this body at its lower end and which constitutes the second clearance of the part coupling or key 119. It is using this cut out that the body 119a can come to rest against the bottom 115b of crossbar 115 bordering the light 117.
  • Each arm 118 also includes a nut 120 in all points similar to the nuts usually used in conventional shoulder support devices.
  • Each nut 120 is engaged on a rod 121 bent at the square and intended to be introduced into a hole 122 of the chinrest 103. This rests on the table T of the violin by means of a cork strip 123.
  • the rod 121 comprises at its lower end a threaded part 121a onto which the nut 120 is screwed.
  • stirrup 102 can be made secured to the violin by screwing the nuts 120 onto, on the one hand, the threaded end piece 119a of the keys 119 and, on the other hand, the threaded part 121a of the rods 121. This doing this, the back part of the violin is clamped between the chin strap 103 and pad 109 which therefore makes the violin secured to the device according to the invention.
  • the distance between the arms 118 of the bracket 102 can be adjusted to that separating the 122 holes in the chin strap by sliding, before final tightening of the nuts 120, the keys 119 in the lights 117 of the transverse bar 115.
  • the following support device the invention can be adapted not only to imprecision of the distance separating the holes 122 from the chin rests, but also chin rests with different nominal distances between these holes.
  • the length of lights 117 in the bar transverse 115 can be chosen sufficiently large so that the same support device can adapt to all the chin rests found in practice.
  • the crossbar 115 may have a more or less long, just as can be besides that of lights 117. In some cases, it may even be advantageous to provide an asymmetry when the length of the lights 117, especially when the chin strap is placed to the left relative to the tailor C.
  • FIG. 15 A fifth example of realization of the present invention.
  • the elements represented in FIG. 15 which have already been described in relationship to Figures 12 to 14 are marked with same reference numbers.
  • the bar transverse 115 which serves as a connecting piece between the core 109 and the branches 118 of the stirrup, has two elongated ends referenced 217.
  • the two parallel arms 118 of the stirrup each include a coupling piece 219 in the form of an earring, or more precisely presenting a light in which engages one of the elongated ends 217 of the crossbar 115.
  • the distance between the arms 118 of the stirrup 102 can here also be adjusted to that separating the chin holes by sliding before the final tightening of the nuts 120 the parts coupling 219 along the two ends 217 of the crossbar 115.

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Abstract

This rest includes a stirrup clamp (2) which is fastened in the conventional manner onto the violin. The clamp includes a small plate in which a groove (17) of dovetail cross-section is made. An arm (5), forming part of a shoulder rest, has at its fastening end (14) a cross-section of similar shape. In addition, this arm is split in order to receive a control member (18). The latter, by rotation about the axis (X-X) of the slot (13), can separate the branches (5a and 5b) of the arm in order to wedge it in the groove (17). The control member (18) is mounted permanently on the shoulder rest (4). Application to stringed instruments played from the shoulder. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à un support à l'épaule pour violon et, plus particulièrement, à un tel support muni d'un dispositif de montage rapide de l'appui au moyen duquel le violon, au cours d'une exécution, est appuyé contre l'épaule du violoniste.The present invention relates to a support for the shoulder for violin and, more particularly, to such support provided with a quick mounting device for the support by means of which the violin, during an execution, is leaning against the violinist's shoulder.

Un support à l'épaule de ce type est décrit dans le brevet français FR 2 659 163 déposé au nom du demandeur. Il comporte essentiellement une pièce d'appui, destinée à être en contact avec l'épaule, et fixée à un bras, de préférence de manière réglable. Ce dernier est lui-même fixé à la base d'une mentonnière par l'intermédiaire d'une connexion démontable. La base de la mentonnière est formée par un étrier qui porte la connexion réglable et la mentonnière proprement dite et qui vient se serrer respectivement contre le fond et la table du violon.A shoulder support of this type is described in the French patent FR 2 659 163 filed in the name of the applicant. It essentially comprises a support piece, intended to be in contact with the shoulder, and attached to an arm, preferably adjustable. The latter is himself attached to the base of a chin rest by means of a removable connection. The base of the chin rest is formed by a stirrup which carries the adjustable connection and the chin rest itself and which comes to tighten respectively against the back and the violin table.

Le support permet ainsi de maintenir le violon uniquement par pincement de ce support, donc avec un grand confort pour l'exécutant, entre le menton et l'épaule de celui-ci, sans qu'il n'ait à faire intervenir sa main gauche qui reste ainsi totalement libre pour passer d'une position à l'autre sur la touche du violon.The support thus makes it possible to maintain the violin only by pinching this support, so with a large comfort for the performer, between the chin and the shoulder of the latter, without having to use his hand left which thus remains completely free to pass from a position to the other on the violin key.

Bien qu'en pratique, ce support connu donne généralement satisfaction, il présente quelques inconvénients. En effet, si le violon doit être rangé dans son étui, nécessitant la séparation du bras et de l'étrier, on doit utiliser une clé, du type à six pans par exemple, car la connexion entre le bras et étrier implique une fixation par vis et écrou. Ceci signifie que l'utilisateur doit toujours avoir un outil à sa disposition, susceptible de se perdre ou d'être oublié quelque part. En outre, la tête de la vis ou l'écrou utilisé pour fixer le bras à l'étrier, constitue une partie saillante à la base du bras de l'appui à l'épaule. La présence de cette partie saillante occasionne une surépaisseur qui peut être génante.Although in practice, this known support gives generally satisfied, it presents some disadvantages. Indeed, if the violin must be stored in its case, requiring the separation of the arm and the caliper, we must use a wrench, of the hexagon type per example, because the connection between the arm and stirrup implies fixing by screw and nut. This means that the user should always have a tool at hand disposition, likely to be lost or forgotten somewhere. In addition, the head of the screw or nut used to fix the arm to the stirrup, constitutes a protruding part at the base of the arm of the shoulder support. The presence of this projecting part causes a extra thickness which can be annoying.

En effet, en utilisation traditionnelle, c'est-à-dire sans utilisation d'un appui à l'épaule, l'espace disponible pour l'instrument entre le menton et l'épaule du violoniste est déjà extrêmement limité. Dans ces conditions, un dispositif de support à l'épaule doit, pour donner satisfaction, être d'une construction qui n'occasionne qu'un encombrement minime sous le fond du violon. La surépaisseur décrite plus haut peut, en conséquence, constituer un défaut rédhibitoire, du moins pour certains musiciens.Indeed, in traditional use, that is to say without using a shoulder support, the space available for instrument between chin and shoulder of the violinist is already extremely limited. In these conditions, a shoulder support device must, for give satisfaction, be of a construction that only causes minimal bulk under the bottom of the violin. The extra thickness described above can, in consequence, to constitute a crippling defect, at least for some musicians.

L'invention a pour but de remédier aux deux inconvénients qui viennent d'être décrits en fournissant un support à l'épaule dans lequel la fixation du bras avec l'étrier peut d'une part être démontée sans outils, et d'autre part n'occasionne pas une surépaisseur contre le fond du violon.The object of the invention is to remedy the two disadvantages which have just been described by providing a shoulder support in which the attachment of the arm with on the one hand, the bracket can be removed without tools, and on the other hand does not cause an overthickness against the background of the violin.

Le document DE-C-41 057 divulgue un support à l'épaule pour violon comportant un bras fendu longitudinalement pour former les branches d'une fourche, agencées pour coopérer à force et par effet ressort avec une langue de fixation de l'étrier.Document DE-C-41 057 discloses a shoulder support for violin comprising an arm split longitudinally to form the branches of a fork, arranged to cooperate by force and by spring effect with a tongue for fixing the stirrup.

L'invention a pour objet un support à l'épaule pour violon du type comprenant:

  • un étrier de serrage destiné à être fixé sur les bords respectifs de la table et du fond du violon au voisinage du bouton de cordier de celui-ci,
  • une mentonnière fixée sur l'étrier du côté de la table,
  • et un appui à l'épaule relié, de préférence de façon réglable, à un bras de support, lui-même attaché, de façon amovible, audit étrier, celui-ci comportant à cet effet un passage dans lequel est coincée l'extrémité du bras de support proche de l'étrier par l'intermédiaire de moyens coincement réglables,
  • caractérisé en ce que ladite extrémité du bras de support est fendue longitudinalement pour former les branches d'une fourche,
  • et en ce que lesdits moyens de coincement réglables font partie intégrante dudit bras de support ou dudit étrier et sont agencés pour permettre d'écarter sélectivement lesdites branches pour serrer ladite extrémité dans ledit passage.
The subject of the invention is a shoulder support for violin of the type comprising:
  • a clamping bracket intended to be fixed on the respective edges of the table and the bottom of the violin in the vicinity of the tailpiece button thereof,
  • a chin rest fixed on the stirrup on the side of the table,
  • and a shoulder support connected, preferably in an adjustable manner, to a support arm, itself removably attached, to said stirrup, the latter comprising for this purpose a passage in which the end of the support arm close to the stirrup by means of adjustable wedging means,
  • characterized in that said end of the support arm is split longitudinally to form the legs of a fork,
  • and in that said adjustable wedging means are an integral part of said support arm or of said stirrup and are arranged to allow selectively to spread said branches in order to clamp said end in said passage.

Grâce au fait que les moyens de coincement font partie intégrante de l'étrier, il n'est plus nécessaire d'utiliser un outil spécial pour enlever l'appui à l'épaule du violon. En outre, le coincement se fait par l'écartement des branches de la fourche prévue à l'extrémité du bras de l'appui à l'épaule, branches dont les faces latérales sont alors serrées contre les faces latérales du passage prévu dans l'étrier. De ce fait, le déserrage des branches, pour les écarter de nouveau des parois latérales du passage en actionnant les moyens de coincement en sens inverse, ne nécessite aucun effort particulier de sorte que le démontage peut se faire facilement même par un enfant ou sans solliciter en aucune manière la main du violoniste.Thanks to the fact that the wedging means make integral part of the caliper, it is no longer necessary use a special tool to remove the support the shoulder of the violin. In addition, the jamming is done by the spacing of the legs of the fork provided at the end of the arm of the shoulder support, branches of which the side faces are then pressed against the faces side of the passage provided in the stirrup. Therefore, the loosening of the branches, to separate them again from side walls of the passage by actuating the means of jamming in reverse, requires no effort particular so that disassembly can be done easily even by a child or without soliciting in any the violinist's hand.

L'invention a également pour objet un support à l'épaule du type décrit ci-dessus et dont l'étrier comprend deux branches de longueur réglable, pour assurer le serrage, ainsi qu'une âme reliant ces deux branches l'une à l'autre et venant s'appuyer sur le fond, tandis que, du côté de ladite table, lesdites branches sont insérées dans des trous pratiqués dans ladite mentonnière, et caractérisé en ce que ladite âme et lesdites branches de l'étrier sont connectées les unes aux autres par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce de connexion s'étendant en regard de l'éclisse de l'instrument et pourvue de moyens de montage admettant un positionnement latéral prédéterminé des branches de l'étrier l'une par rapport à l'autre.The invention also relates to a support for the shoulder of the type described above and whose stirrup includes two branches of adjustable length, to ensure tightening, as well as a core connecting these two branches to each other and coming to rest on the bottom, while that, on the side of said table, said branches are inserted into holes made in said chin strap, and characterized in that said core and said branches of the stirrup are connected to each other by through a connecting piece extending in look of the splint of the instrument and provided with means mounting allowing lateral positioning predetermined branches of the stirrup one with respect to the other.

Grâce à ces caractéristiques, le dispositif de support à l'épaule peut être utilisé facilement avec divers types de mentonnières pour lesquelles la distance entre les trous de fixation est différente.Thanks to these characteristics, the shoulder support can be easily used with various types of chin rests for which the distance between the mounting holes is different.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront au cours de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation latérale de la partie arrière d'un violon équipé d'un support à l'épaule conçu selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en élévation arrière et partielle du violon de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 est une vue partielle, en perspective et en éclaté, prise à une échelle plus grande que celle des figures 1 et 2, du violon représenté sur ces figures, le violon étant représenté avec son fond tourné vers le haut;
  • la figure 4 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 3, mais montrant la position montée du support à l'épaule;
  • la figure 5 est une vue partielle de dessous et en plan du support, monté sur le violon, l'échelle de cette figure étant approximativement celle de la figure 1;
  • la figure 6A est une vue en coupe, à grande échelle, prise selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5, le support étant représenté dans une position se présentant juste avant le serrage;
  • la figure 6B est une vue en coupe analogue à celle de la figure 6A, le support étant ici représenté dans sa position serrée;
  • les figures 7A et 7B sont des vues analogues respectivement aux figures 6A et 6B, mais prises selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 5;
  • les figures 8 et 9 montrent par des vues respectivement analogues à celles des figures 3 et 4, un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • les figures 10 et 11 montrent par des vues analogues respectivement à celle des figures 3 et 4 un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • la figure 12 est une vue en élévation, partiellement coupée, d'un dispositif de support à l'épaule pour violon ou autre instrument à cordes analogue, formant un quatrième exemple de réalisation de l'invention;
  • la figure 13 est une vue latérale de ce même dispositif, vu de côté, son appui à l'épaule proprement dit étant représenté en coupe;
  • la figure 14 est une vue éclatée de l'étrier utilisé dans le dispositif de support représenté aux figures 12 et 13;
  • la figure 15 est une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de support à l'épaule pour violon ou autre instrument à cordes analogue, formant un cinquième exemple de réalisation de l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the rear part of a violin equipped with a shoulder support designed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a rear and partial elevation view of the violin of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial perspective and exploded view, taken on a larger scale than that of Figures 1 and 2, of the violin shown in these figures, the violin being shown with its bottom facing upwards;
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, but showing the mounted position of the shoulder support;
  • Figure 5 is a partial bottom view and in plan of the support, mounted on the violin, the scale of this figure being approximately that of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6A is a sectional view, on a large scale, taken along line VI-VI of Figure 5, the support being shown in a position occurring just before tightening;
  • Figure 6B is a sectional view similar to that of Figure 6A, the support here being shown in its clamped position;
  • Figures 7A and 7B are views similar to Figures 6A and 6B respectively, but taken along the line VII-VII in Figure 5;
  • Figures 8 and 9 show by views respectively similar to those of Figures 3 and 4, another embodiment of the invention;
  • Figures 10 and 11 show by views similar to that of Figures 3 and 4 respectively a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 12 is an elevational view, partially cut away, of a shoulder support device for violin or other similar stringed instrument, forming a fourth embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 13 is a side view of the same device, seen from the side, its shoulder support proper being shown in section;
  • Figure 14 is an exploded view of the bracket used in the support device shown in Figures 12 and 13;
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of a shoulder support device for violin or other similar stringed instrument, forming a fifth embodiment of the invention.

On va tout d'abord se référer aux figures 1 à 7B qui montrent le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.We will first refer to Figures 1 to 7B which show the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Sur ces figures, on a représenté la caisse C d'un violon avec sa table T (face supérieure) et son fond F, réunis par l'éclisse E. Un cordier CO est attaché, de façon classique, à un bouton de cordier B ancré dans un tasseau (non visible sur le dessin) placé à l'intérieur de la caisse C pour soutenir l'éclisse E à cet endroit.In these figures, there is shown the body C of a violin with its table T (upper side) and its bottom F, joined by splint E. A tailpiece CO is attached, classic way, with a tailpiece button B anchored in a cleat (not visible on the drawing) placed inside the body C to support the splint E at this location.

Le support à l'épaule pour violon selon l'invention est désigné par la référence générale 1. Il comporte un étrier 2, une mentonnière 3 et un appui à l'épaule 4 composé d'un bras 5 et d'une traverse 6 munie d'un coussinet 7. Pour plus de détail concernant cet appui à l'épaule, on peut se référer au brevet français précité 2 659 163. Toutefois, il est à noter que l'invention n'est pas limitée à l'utilisation spécifique de l'appui à l'épaule tel que décrit dans ce brevet, étant donné qu'elle porte plus particulièrement sur la façon dont est réalisée la fixation du bras d'un appui à l'épaule à l'étrier, lui-même fixé sur le violon.The shoulder support for violin according to the invention is designated by the general reference 1. It includes a stirrup 2, chin strap 3 and shoulder support 4 composed of an arm 5 and a cross 6 provided with a pad 7. For more details concerning this support the shoulder, we can refer to the aforementioned French patent 2,659,163. However, it should be noted that the invention is not not limited to the specific use of support for the shoulder as described in this patent, given that it focuses more specifically on how is carried out the attachment of the arm from a shoulder support to the stirrup, itself fixed on the violin.

L'étrier 2 comporte une âme 8 formée d'une plaquette 9, de préférence métallique et qui peut avoir une épaisseur de 2 mm, par exemple. L'étrier comporte également deux branches 10 et 11 qui s'étendent parallèlement vers le haut le long de l'éclisse E et sont fixées dans la mentonnière 2, d'une façon habituelle. Plus précisément, chaque branche 10, 11 comporte une première tige coudée 10a, 11a fixée dans la plaquette 9 par l'une de ses extrémités et vissée par son autre extrémité qui est filetée, dans une douille 10b, 11b formant écrou de serrage. Une seconde tige coudée 10c, 11c également filetée à l'une de ses extrémités est vissée dans la douille 10b, 11b correspondante et engagée par son autre extrémité dans la mentonnière 3. Ainsi, l'étrier, solidaire de la mentonnière, peut être serré sur le violon en tendant des branches 10 et 11 par rotation des douilles 10b, 11b. De préférence, une lamelle 12, en liège par exemple, est placée entre la plaquette 9 et le fond F du violon pour éviter des détériorations de celui-ci lors du serrage.The stirrup 2 comprises a core 8 formed of a plate 9, preferably metallic and which may have a thickness of 2 mm, for example. The stirrup has also two branches 10 and 11 which extend parallel upward along the fishplate E and are fixed in the chin rest 2, in the usual way. More specifically, each branch 10, 11 has a first bent rod 10a, 11a fixed in the plate 9 by one of its ends and screwed by its other end which is threaded, in a socket 10b, 11b forming a nut Tightening. A second angled rod 10c, 11c also threaded at one end is screwed into the socket 10b, 11b corresponding and engaged by its other end in the chin rest 3. So the stirrup, secured to the chin rest, can be tightened on the violin by stretching branches 10 and 11 by rotation of the sockets 10b, 11b. Preferably, a strip 12, made of cork by example, is placed between the plate 9 and the bottom F of the violin to avoid damage to it during Tightening.

Suivant l'invention, le bras 5 présente, à l'extrémité qui coopère avec l'étrier 2, une fente longitudinale 13 s'étendant à peu près sur un quart de la longueur de ce bras qui, de ce fait, présente la forme d'une fourche à deux branches 5a et 5b. Par ailleurs, cette même extrémité du bras 5 présente une portion élargie 14 dont la longueur est à peu près égale au huitième de la longueur de ce bras. Grâce à cette forme particulière de cette extrémité du bras 5, les branches 5a et 5b peuvent s'écarter ou se rapprocher légèrement l'une de l'autre, sans que le bras ne subisse une déformation permanente.According to the invention, the arm 5 has, at the end which cooperates with the stirrup 2, a slot longitudinal 13 extending approximately over a quarter of the length of this arm which, therefore, has the shape a fork with two branches 5a and 5b. Otherwise, this same end of arm 5 has a portion widened 14 whose length is approximately equal to eighth of the length of this arm. Thanks to this shape particular of this end of the arm 5, the branches 5a and 5b may deviate or slightly approach one on the other, without the arm being deformed permed.

Selon l'invention, le support à l'épaule comporte également des moyens de coincement désignés par la référence générale 15 et qui permettent de solidariser le bras 5 de l'étrier 2. Ces moyens de coincement sont construits de la façon suivante.According to the invention, the shoulder support comprises also wedging means designated by the general reference 15 and which allow the arm 5 of the stirrup 2. These wedging means are constructed as follows.

La fente 13 définit un passage comportant une première partie 13a dont la section transversale est circulaire, lorsque le bras 5 est à l'état libre (situation représentés à la figure 3). Cette fente présente également une deuxième partie 13b dont les parois latérales longitudinales sont droites et qui présente ainsi une section transversale rectangulaire. Les parties 13a et 13b de la fente 13 sont séparées l'une de l'autre par une lumière oblongue 16 qui est en outre ménagée dans l'extrémité du bras 5. Elle s'étend transversalement à la fente 13 sur des longueurs égales de part et d'autre de celle-ci. Les bords latéraux 14a et 14b d'une portion élargie extrême 14 du bras 5, sont taillés en biseau pour que celui-ci revête la forme d'une queue d'aronde.The slot 13 defines a passage comprising a first part 13a whose cross section is circular, when arm 5 is in the free state (situation shown in Figure 3). This slot also has a second part 13b whose walls longitudinal sides are straight and that presents thus a rectangular cross section. The parts 13a and 13b of the slot 13 are separated from each other by an oblong light 16 which is further provided in the end of arm 5. It extends transversely to the slot 13 on equal lengths on either side of this one. The lateral edges 14a and 14b of a portion widened end 14 of arm 5, are cut at a bevel to that it takes the form of a dovetail.

La plaquette 9 présente, quant à elle, un passage 17 formé par une rainure dont les parois latérales 17a et 17b sont rentrantes. De cette manière, la section transversale du passage 17 revêt la forme d'une queue d'aronde complémentaire à la forme de la section transversale de la portion élargie 14, étant entendu que les dimensions de ces sections transversales sont choisies de telle manière qu'il subsiste un léger jeu entre la portion élargie 14 et les parois 17a et 17b de la rainure 17, lorsque l'extrémité du bras 5 est insérée dans ce passage, alors que les branches 5a et 5b se trouvent encore à l'état libre.The plate 9 has, in turn, a passage 17 formed by a groove whose side walls 17a and 17b are returning. In this way, the cross section of passage 17 takes the form of a dovetail complementary to the shape of the cross section of the enlarged portion 14, it being understood that the dimensions of these cross sections are chosen in such a way that there is a slight clearance between the enlarged portion 14 and the walls 17a and 17b of the groove 17, when the end of arm 5 is inserted into this passage, then that branches 5a and 5b are still in the state free.

Les moyens de coincement 15 comportent également un organe de commande 18 se présentant sous la forme d'une clé ou clavette, montée à demeure sur le bras 5, tout en pouvant être tournée autour d'un axe de rotation X-X qui s'étend longitudinalement par rapport à ce bras (voir notamment la figure 5). En outre, cet axe coïncide avec l'axe de la partie d'extrémité 13a de la fente 13 qui, comme déjà indiqué ci-dessus, a une section circulaire, lorsque le bras 5 est à l'état libre.The wedging means 15 also include a control member 18 in the form of a key or key, permanently mounted on arm 5, while can be rotated around an axis of rotation X-X which extends longitudinally with respect to this arm (see in particular Figure 5). In addition, this axis coincides with the axis of the end portion 13a of the slot 13 which, as already indicated above, has a circular section, when the arm 5 is in the free state.

La clé 18 a la forme générale d'un L dont la petite branche 19 joue le rôle de manette et dont la grande branche 20 est engagée dans la fente 13 du bras 5 (voir notamment la figure 3).The key 18 has the general shape of an L whose small branch 19 plays the role of controller and whose large branch 20 is engaged in the slot 13 of the arm 5 (see in particular Figure 3).

Cette grande branche présente trois parties de forme différente (voir aussi les figures 6A à 7B). Une première partie 20a est de section circulaire d'un diamètre légèrement inférieur à celui de la partie 13a de section circulaire de la fente 13.This large branch has three parts of form different (see also Figures 6A to 7B). A first part 20a is of circular cross section with a diameter slightly lower than that of section 13a section slot circular 13.

Une deuxième partie 20b de la branche 20 est un excentrique à surface périphérique circulaire d'un diamètre nettement supérieur à celui de la partie 20a.A second part 20b of branch 20 is a eccentric with circular peripheral surface of a diameter significantly greater than that of part 20a.

La troisième partie 20c de la branche 20 présente une section transversale en forme d'oeuf avec un petit axe 21a et un grand axe 21b dont la longueur dépasse la largeur de la partie 13b de la fente 13, lorsque le bras 5 est à l'état libre (voir figures 7A et 7B, notamment).The third part 20c of branch 20 presents a egg-shaped cross section with a small axis 21a and a major axis 21b whose length exceeds the width of the part 13b of the slot 13, when the arm 5 is at the free state (see Figures 7A and 7B, in particular).

L'excentrique 20b coopère avec une petite cavité 22 creusée dans la plaquette 9 près du bord arrière de celle-ci et située à peu près au milieu du fond de la rainure 17 de cette plaquette. L'excentrique est logé, par ailleurs, dans la lumière 16 prévue dans le bras 5 grâce à quoi la clé 18, une fois montée dans le bras 5 par déformation temporaire de ses branches, en est rendue solidaire longitudinalement. Mais elle en est solidaire également transversalement du fait que sa partie avant 18a de section circulaire est maintenue dans la partie avant 13a de la fente 13, tout en y étant guidée en rotation. Ainsi, la clé 18 et rendue imperdable, même lorsque l'appui à l'épaule 4 proprement dit est démonté du violon.The eccentric 20b cooperates with a small cavity 22 dug in the plate 9 near the rear edge thereof and located approximately in the middle of the bottom of groove 17 of this brochure. The eccentric is housed, moreover, in the light 16 provided in the arm 5 whereby the key 18, once mounted in arm 5 by deformation temporary of its branches, is made integral longitudinally. But she also stands in solidarity transversely from the fact that its front part 18a of circular section is maintained in the front part 13a of the slot 13, while being guided therein in rotation. So, key 18 and made captive, even when pressing shoulder 4 itself is removed from the violin.

Pour monter ce dispositif, il convient de le présenter comme représenté sur la figure 3, la clé 18 étant dans la position dans laquelle la branche 19 est orientée perpendiculairement au plan de la portion 14 du bras 5. Dans ces conditions, l'excentrique 20b se trouve dans la position représentée à la figure 6A dans laquelle il est à fleur avec la face de la portion 14 qui est en regard du fond de la rainure 17. Par conséquent, cette portion 14 peut être glissée dans cette rainure sans rencontrer d'obstacle par un déplacement selon la flèche 23 (figure 3). Ce mouvement du bras 5 est guidé dans la rainure 17 du fait que les arêtes des bords 14b de la portion 14 sont retenues par les arêtes des parois rentrantes 17a et 17b de cette rainure. Par ailleurs, la partie arrière 20c (figure 7A) se trouve orientée de telle manière qu'elle présente le petit axe 21a de sa section perpendiculairement aux parois latérales droites de la partie arrière 13b de la rainure 13.To mount this device, it should be present as shown in Figure 3, the key 18 being in the position in which branch 19 is oriented perpendicular to the plane of portion 14 of arm 5. Under these conditions, the eccentric 20b is found in the position shown in Figure 6A in which it is flush with the face of portion 14 which is in look at the bottom of the groove 17. Therefore, this portion 14 can be slid into this groove without meet an obstacle by moving along the arrow 23 (Figure 3). This movement of the arm 5 is guided in the groove 17 because the edges of the edges 14b of the portion 14 are retained by the edges of the walls reentrants 17a and 17b of this groove. In addition, the rear part 20c (FIG. 7A) is oriented in such a way so that it presents the minor axis 21a of its section perpendicular to the straight side walls of the rear part 13b of the groove 13.

Comme indiqué respectivement sur les figures 6A et 7A, la longueur de la lumière oblongue 16 est alors égale à X1, tandis que la distance entre les parois latérales droites de la partie arrière 13b de la fente 13 est égale à Y1.As shown in Figures 6A and 7A, the length of the oblong lumen 16 is then equal at X1, while the distance between the side walls straight from the rear part 13b of the slot 13 is equal at Y1.

Puis, dès que la portion d'extrémité 14 du bras 5 se trouve à la place correcte dans la direction longitudinale de ce bras, celui-ci peut être bloqué en place par simple rotation sur un quart de tour de l'organe de commande ou de la clé 18.Then, as soon as the end portion 14 of the arm 5 is located in the correct place in the longitudinal direction of this arm, it can be locked in place by simple quarter-turn rotation of the control unit or of the key 18.

Ce mouvement de rotation a pour effet que la partie arrière 20c de la clé 18 présente désormais son grand axe 21b perpendiculairement aux parois latérales de la partie arrière 13b de la rainure 13 (figure 7B). Simultanément, l'excentrique 20b de la clé 18 pénètre dans la cavité 22 de la plaquette 9 (figure 6B).This rotation movement has the effect that the part rear 20c of key 18 now has its major axis 21b perpendicular to the side walls of the part rear 13b of the groove 13 (Figure 7B). Simultaneously, the eccentric 20b of the key 18 enters the cavity 22 of the plate 9 (Figure 6B).

La partie arrière 20c de la clé 18 écarte alors les branches 5a et 5b du bras 5 qui viendront se coincer par les bords 14a et 14b sous les parois latérales rentrantes 17a et 17b de la rainure 17.The rear part 20c of the key 18 then spreads the branches 5a and 5b of arm 5 which will get caught by edges 14a and 14b under the re-entrant side walls 17a and 17b of the groove 17.

Il en résulte ainsi que le bras est bloqué, un éventuel mouvement intempestif longitudinal du bras par rapport à la plaquette, (par exemple en raison d'un mouvement brusque de l'instrumentiste) étant empêché par l'excentrique 20b retenu dans la cavité 22. Comme représenté sur les figures 6B et 7B, la longueur de la lumière oblongue 16 et la distance entre les parois latérales de la partie arrière 13b de la fente 13 sont alors respectivement égales à X2 et Y2, respectivement plus grandes que X1 et Y1.As a result, the arm is blocked, a possible untimely longitudinal movement of the arm by compared to the insert (for example due to sudden movement of the instrumentalist) being prevented by the eccentric 20b retained in the cavity 22. As shown in Figures 6B and 7B, the length of the oblong light 16 and the distance between the walls side of the rear part 13b of the slot 13 are then respectively equal to X2 and Y2, respectively larger than X1 and Y1.

Le mode de fonctionnement d'un tel mécanisme implique naturellement des tolérances extrêmement petites lors de la fabrication des pièces qui le composent. En effet, pour que le bras soit fixé rigidement, il faut que les branches 5a et 5b du bras 5 soient comprimées contre les parois latérales 17a et 17b de la rainure 17. La longueur Y2 du grand axe 21b de la partie arrière 20c de section ovale de la clef 18 ne peut donc pas être inférieure à une certaine valeur minimum. De plus, la longueur Y2 ne doit pas non plus dépasser cette valeur minimum de plus de quelques centièmes de millimètres. En effet, si la longueur Y2 du grand axe 21b est trop grande, les branches 5a et 5b du bras 5 n'auront pas la place pour s'écarter suffisamment et elles seront abímées par écrasement lors du mouvement de rotation de la clef 18.The mode of operation of such a mechanism implies naturally extremely small tolerances when the manufacture of the parts which compose it. Indeed, for that the arm is rigidly fixed, it is necessary that the branches 5a and 5b of arm 5 are pressed against the walls lateral 17a and 17b of the groove 17. The length Y2 of the major axis 21b of the rear part 20c of oval section of the key 18 cannot therefore be less than a certain minimum value. In addition, the length Y2 must also not more exceed this minimum value by more than a few hundredths of a millimeter. Indeed, if the length Y2 of the major axis 21b is too large, the branches 5a and 5b of the arms 5 will not have room to move far enough and they will be damaged by crushing during movement of rotation of the key 18.

Pour remédier au problème ci-dessus, le mode de réalisation du support à l'épaule représenté à la figure 15 comporte, ménagée dans une des branches de son bras (référencé 105 sur cette figure), une fente en forme de L référencée 40 et destinée à absorber les déformations du métal formant le bras 105. On voit sur la figure 15 que la fente 40 est formée de deux parties rectilignes qui se rejoignent en un coude à 90°. La partie rectiligne la plus longue s'étend parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal de la clef 18 en regard de la partie de celle-ci dont la section et de forme ovale, alors que la partie la plus courte formant le pied du L s'étend depuis le coude à 90° jusqu'à la fente longitudinale 13 qui loge la clef 18. To remedy the above problem, the realization of the shoulder support shown in the figure 15 comprises, formed in one of the branches of his arm (referenced 105 in this figure), an L-shaped slot referenced 40 and intended to absorb the deformations of the metal forming the arm 105. It can be seen in FIG. 15 that the slot 40 is formed by two rectilinear parts which are join in a 90 ° bend. The most straight part long runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the key 18 opposite the part of it whose section and oval, while the shortest part forming the foot of the L extends from the 90 ° elbow to the longitudinal slot 13 which houses the key 18.

La présence de la fente 40 dans une des branches du bras 105 permet à la matière formant la partie de la branche qui est en contact direct avec la région de section ovale de la clef 18 de fléchir. Grâce à cette possibilité de déformation élastique, le bras 105 peut coopérer sans dégâts avec une clef 18 dont l'axe Y2 peut éventuellement présenter une longueur excédant les spécifications de plusieurs dixièmes de millimètres.The presence of the slot 40 in one of the branches of the arm 105 allows the material forming part of the branch which is in direct contact with the region of oval section of the key 18 to flex. Thanks to that possibility of elastic deformation, arm 105 can cooperate without damage with a key 18 whose axis Y2 can possibly have a length exceeding specifications of several tenths of a millimeter.

Le démontage de l'appui à l'épaule, par exemple pour ranger le violon dans son étui, se fait aussi facilement que son montage. Il suffit de faire tourner la clé 18 d'un quart de tour pour redresser la manette 19. Les branches 5a et 5b du bras 5 peuvent alors de nouveau se rapprocher l'une de l'autre du fait de l'élasticité inhérente de ce bras, ce qui supprimera le coincement par la forme en queue d'aronde de la portion 14 du bras 5 et de la rainure 17 de la plaquette 9. L'appui à l'épaule peut alors simplement être retiré de l'étrier 2.Disassembly of the shoulder support, for example for storing the violin in its case is just as easy as its mounting. Just turn key 18 a quarter turn to straighten the lever 19. The branches 5a and 5b of the arm 5 can then approach again each other due to the inherent elasticity of this arm, which will remove the jamming by the shape in dovetail of the portion 14 of the arm 5 and of the groove 17 of the plate 9. The shoulder support can then simply be removed from the bracket 2.

Les figures 8 et 9 montrent une première variante des moyens de coincement désignés ici par la référence générale 15A. Dans ce cas, le bras 5 comporte une fente 13A dont les parois latérales sont parallèles sur toute sa longueur. Toutefois, près de l'extrémité du bras 5, la fente est interrompue par une lumière allongée 24 orientés axialement par rapport au bras 5 et d'une largeur nettement plus grande que celle de la fente 13A.Figures 8 and 9 show a first variant of the wedging means designated here by the reference general 15A. In this case, the arm 5 has a slot 13A whose side walls are parallel over its entire length. However, near the end of arm 5, the slot is interrupted by an elongated light 24 oriented axially with respect to arm 5 and a width significantly larger than that of slot 13A.

Par ailleurs sur le fond de la rainure 17 est disposé, symétriquement par rapport aux parois latérales de celle-ci, un organe de coincement ou coin 25 présentant une arête 25a à l'arrière.Furthermore on the bottom of the groove 17 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the side walls thereof, a wedging member or wedge 25 having an edge 25a at the rear.

Lorsque dans ce cas, le bras est glissé dans la rainure 17 de la plaquette 9, puis tiré vers l'avant (mouvement qui est indiqué par les flèches 26 sur la figure 8), l'arête 25a du coin 25 s'introduit entre les branches 5a et 5b du bras 5, en les écartant l'une de l'autre. Il en résulte le coincement de l'appui à l'épaule 4 et l'immobilisation du bras 5 dans l'étrier 2. Le coin 25 peut être une pièce usinée séparément et enfichée par un téton (non représenté) ou collé, par exemple dans le fond de la rainure 17 de la plaquette 9.When in this case, the arm is slid into the groove 17 in plate 9, then pulled forward (movement indicated by arrows 26 on the Figure 8), the edge 25a of the corner 25 is introduced between the branches 5a and 5b of arm 5, by spreading one of them the other. This results in the jamming of the shoulder support 4 and the immobilization of the arm 5 in the stirrup 2. The wedge 25 can be a part that is machined separately and inserted by a nipple (not shown) or glued, for example in the bottom of the groove 17 of the plate 9.

Les figures 10 et 11 représentent une autre variante des moyens de coincement indiqués ici par la référence générale 15B.Figures 10 and 11 show another variant wedging means indicated here by the reference general 15B.

Dans ce cas, le bras 5 présente une fente longitudinale 13B qui s'élargit vers l'arrière en 27. L'étrier comporte ici une plaquette 9B qui, outre de présenter la rainure 17 des précédentes variantes, comporte latéralement des dégagements 28a et 28b bordés intérieurement par des surfaces rentrantes 29. Ainsi cette plaquette 9B présente deux nervures parallèles 30a et 30b dont les côtés présentent des surfaces rentrantes.In this case, the arm 5 has a slot longitudinal 13B which widens backwards at 27. The stirrup here comprises a plate 9B which, in addition to present the groove 17 of the previous variants, laterally has undercut 28a and 28b internally by re-entrant surfaces 29. Thus this plate 9B has two parallel ribs 30a and 30b whose sides have re-entrant surfaces.

Les surfaces 29 ont pour but de retenir un organe de coincement ou curseur 31 formé par un pontet qui chevauche les deux nervures 30a et 30b et qui comporte latéralement deux crochets 32a et 32b en prise avec les surfaces rentrantes 29. Au milieu du curseur 31 est prévu un coin 33 en regard du fond de la rainure 17 de la plaquette 9B. Ce coin coopère avec la partie évasée 27 de la fente 13B du bras 5. La plaquette 9B présente également un fraisage allongé 34 s'étendant le long de la nervure 30b et avec laquelle coopère une goupille 35 fichée dans le curseur 31.The surfaces 29 are intended to retain a member of wedge or slider 31 formed by an overlapping trigger guard the two ribs 30a and 30b and which comprises laterally two hooks 32a and 32b engaged with the surfaces re-entrant 29. In the middle of the cursor 31 is provided a corner 33 opposite the bottom of the groove 17 of the wafer 9B. This corner cooperates with the flared part 27 of the slot 13B of arm 5. Plate 9B also has a milling elongated 34 extending along the rib 30b and with which cooperates a pin 35 inserted in the cursor 31.

Le montage du bras 5 sur la plaquette 9B se fait dans ce cas en le faisant glisser dans la rainure 17 selon la flèche 36. Le blocage intervient alors dès que le curseur 31 est poussé en sens inverse sur les nervures 30a et 30b pour introduire le coin 33 entre les branches 5a et 5b du bras 5 (voir figure 11).The mounting of the arm 5 on the plate 9B is done in this case by sliding it in the groove 17 according to the arrow 36. The blocking then occurs as soon as the cursor 31 is pushed in the opposite direction on the ribs 30a and 30b to introduce the corner 33 between the branches 5a and 5b of the arm 5 (see figure 11).

On constate donc que dans tous les modes de réalisation de l'invention décrits ci-dessus, le montage et le démontage de l'appui à l'épaule de nécessitent aucun outil indépendant, l'opération de blocage ou de déblocage pouvant être réalisée facilement et sans effort par des moyens de coincement formant partie intégrante de l'ensemble.It can therefore be seen that in all the modes of realization of the invention described above, mounting and disassembly of the shoulder support require no independent tool, blocking or unblocking operation can be easily and effortlessly performed by wedging means forming an integral part of all.

On va maintenant se référer aux figures 12 à 15 pour décrire un quatrième et un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention.We will now refer to Figures 12 to 15 for describe a fourth and a fifth embodiment of the invention.

Sur ces figures, on aperçoit la caisse C du violon avec sa table T (face supérieure) et son fond F, réunis par l'éclisse E. Un cordier CO est attaché de façon classique à un bouton de cordier B ancré dans un tasseau (non visible sur le dessin) placé à l'intérieur de la caisse C pour soutenir l'éclisse E à cet endroit.In these figures, we can see the case C of the violin with its table T (upper face) and its bottom F, combined by the splint E. A CO tailpiece is attached so classic with tailpiece button B anchored in a cleat (not visible on the drawing) placed inside the body C to support the splint E at this location.

Le dispositif de support à l'épaule pour violon selon l'invention est désigné par la référence générale 101. Il comporte un étrier 102, une mentonnière 103 et un appui à l'épaule 104 composé d'un bras 105 et d'une traverse 106 munie d'un coussinet 107.The shoulder support device for violin according to the invention is designated by the general reference 101. It includes a stirrup 102, a chin strap 103 and a support shoulder 104 composed of an arm 105 and a cross member 106 fitted with a pad 107.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 12 à 14, la traverse 106 est repliée par rapport au bras 105, aussi bien en inclinaison qu'en position longitudinale le long de celui-ci, cette position pouvant lui être facilement donnée grâce à un ensemble réglable de fixation 108. Cet ensemble et la façon de l'utiliser sont décrits en détail dans le brevet FR 2'659'163 déjà cité.In the embodiment shown in Figures 12 at 14, the cross member 106 is folded relative to the arm 105, both in inclination and in longitudinal position the along this one, this position being able to be easily given thanks to an adjustable fixing set 108. This set and how to use it are described in detail in the patent FR 2,659,163 already cited.

Selon l'invention, l'étrier 102 comporte une âme 109 en forme de plaquette, appliquée contre le fond F du violon avec interposition d'une lamelle de liège 110, par exemple.According to the invention, the stirrup 102 comprises a core 109 in the form of a plate, applied against the bottom F of the violin with interposition of a cork strip 110, by example.

Du bord arrière de la plaquette 109 de l'étrier 102 s'étendent vers l'arrière deux pattes de connexion 114 qui sont toutes deux pliées é l'équerre vers le haut. Elles se raccordent à une barre transversale 115 légèrement cintrée pour s'adapter à la forme arrondie de l'éclisse E à cet endroit. Cette barre 115 comporte également un dégagement en demi-lune 116 pour permettre d'éviter le contact avec le boutonde cordier B. From the rear edge of the plate 109 of the stirrup 102 extend backwards two connecting lugs 114 which are both bent at the top. They connect to a slightly curved crossbar 115 to adapt to the rounded shape of the splint E at this place. This bar 115 also includes a clearance half moon 116 to avoid contact with the tailor tailpiece B.

Les parties de la barre transversale 115 qui dépassent latéralement des pattes de connexion respectives 114 sont percées de lumières 117, de préférence de forme rectangulaire, et dont les grands côtés s'étendent longitudinalement par rapport à la barre transversale 115.The parts of the crossbar 115 which protrude laterally from the respective connection lugs 114 are pierced with lights 117, preferably in shape rectangular, and whose long sides extend longitudinally with respect to the crossbar 115.

La plaquette 109, les pattes de connexion 114, ainsi que la barre transversale 115 sont réalisées de préférence en une seule pièce métallique estampée et pliée de façon appropriée.The plate 109, the connection tabs 114, as well that the crossbar 115 are preferably made in a single metal piece stamped and folded so appropriate.

L'étrier 102 comporte également deux bras parallèles 118 s'étendant vers le haut et composés chacun de trois pièces. Tout d'abord, une pièce d'accouplement se présentant sous la forme d'une clavette 119 est destinée à s'ajuster dans l'une des lumières 117 de la barre transversale 115. Chaque clavette est formée d'un corps 119a de forme générale cylindrique, se terminant à son extrémité supérieure en un embout fileté 119b.The stirrup 102 also has two parallel arms 118 extending upward and each consisting of three rooms. First, a coupling piece is having the form of a key 119 is intended for fit in one of the bar lights 117 transverse 115. Each key is formed of a body 119a of generally cylindrical shape, ending at its upper end in a threaded end 119b.

Ce corps 119a présente également deux dégagements, à savoir tout d'abord un méplat 119c moyennant quoi il peut venir se placer à cheval sur la partie supérieure 115a de la barre transversale 115 qui borde la lumière rectangulaire 117. Le méplat 119c se trouve situé en position diamétralement opposée et décalé en hauteur sur le corps 119a par rapport à une découpe 119d pratiquée également sur ce corps à son extrémité inférieure et qui constitue le deuxième dégagement de la pièce d'accouplement ou clavette 119. C'est à l'aide de cette découpe que le corps 119a peut venir s'appuyer contre la partie inférieure 115b de la barre transversale 115 bordant la lumière 117.This body 119a also has two clearances, at first know a 119c flat whereby it can come and place yourself astride the upper part 115a of the crossbar 115 which borders the light rectangular 117. The flat 119c is located in diametrically opposite position and offset in height on the body 119a with respect to a cut 119d made also on this body at its lower end and which constitutes the second clearance of the part coupling or key 119. It is using this cut out that the body 119a can come to rest against the bottom 115b of crossbar 115 bordering the light 117.

Comme le méplat 119c et la découpe 119d sont placés dans des positions diamétralement opposées, ils agissent en antagonisme et assurent donc ainsi un accrochage solide du bras 118 sur la barre transversale 115.As the flat 119c and the cut 119d are placed in diametrically opposite positions, they act in antagonism and thus thus ensure a solid attachment of the arm 118 on the crossbar 115.

Chaque bras 118 comporte également un écrou 120 en tous points semblable aux écrous habituellement utilisés dans les dispositifs de support à l'épaule classique. Chaque écrou 120 est engagé sur une tige 121 pliée à l'équerre et destinée à s'introduire dans un trou 122 de la mentonnière 103. Celle-ci repose sur la table T du violon par l'intermédiaire d'une lamelle de liège 123.Each arm 118 also includes a nut 120 in all points similar to the nuts usually used in conventional shoulder support devices. Each nut 120 is engaged on a rod 121 bent at the square and intended to be introduced into a hole 122 of the chinrest 103. This rests on the table T of the violin by means of a cork strip 123.

La tige 121 comprend à son extrémité inférieure une partie filetée 121a sur laquelle est vissé l'écrou 120.The rod 121 comprises at its lower end a threaded part 121a onto which the nut 120 is screwed.

On comprend aisément que l'étrier 102 peut être rendu solidaire du violon par le vissage des écrous 120 sur, d'une part, l'embout fileté 119a des clavettes 119 et, d'autre part, la partie filetée 121a des tiges 121. Ce faisant, la partie arrière du violon est serrée entre la mentonnière 103 et la plaquette 109 ce qui rend donc le violon solidaire du dispositif selon l'invention.It is easy to understand that the stirrup 102 can be made secured to the violin by screwing the nuts 120 onto, on the one hand, the threaded end piece 119a of the keys 119 and, on the other hand, the threaded part 121a of the rods 121. This doing this, the back part of the violin is clamped between the chin strap 103 and pad 109 which therefore makes the violin secured to the device according to the invention.

On comprend également que la distance entre les bras 118 de l'étrier 102 peut être ajustée à celle séparant les trous 122 de la mentonnière en faisant coulisser, avant le serrage définitif des écrous 120, les clavettes 119 dans les lumières 117 de la barre transversale 115.We also understand that the distance between the arms 118 of the bracket 102 can be adjusted to that separating the 122 holes in the chin strap by sliding, before final tightening of the nuts 120, the keys 119 in the lights 117 of the transverse bar 115.

Il en résulte que le dispositif de support suivant l'invention, peut s'adapter non seulement à des imprécision de la distance séparant les trous 122 des mentonnières, mais également à des mentonnières ayant des distances nominales différentes entre ces trous. La longueur des lumières 117 pratiquées dans la barre transversale 115 peut être choisie suffisamment grande pour qu'un même dispositif de support puisse s'adapter à toutes les mentonnières que l'on trouve en pratique.As a result, the following support device the invention can be adapted not only to imprecision of the distance separating the holes 122 from the chin rests, but also chin rests with different nominal distances between these holes. The length of lights 117 in the bar transverse 115 can be chosen sufficiently large so that the same support device can adapt to all the chin rests found in practice.

Comme il a été représenté en traits mixtes sur la figure 12, la barre transversale 115 peut avoir une longueur plus ou moins grande, tout comme peut l'être d'ailleurs celle des lumières 117. Dans certains cas, il peut même être avantageux de prévoir une dissymétrie quant à la longueur des lumières 117, surtout lorsque la mentonnière est placée vers la gauche par rapport au cordier C. As shown in dashed lines on the Figure 12, the crossbar 115 may have a more or less long, just as can be besides that of lights 117. In some cases, it may even be advantageous to provide an asymmetry when the length of the lights 117, especially when the chin strap is placed to the left relative to the tailor C.

On voit sur la figure 15 un cinquième exemple de réalisation de la présente invention. Les éléments représentés sur la figure 15 qui ont déjà été décrits en relation avec les figures 12 à 14 sont repérés par les mêmes numéros de référence.A fifth example of realization of the present invention. The elements represented in FIG. 15 which have already been described in relationship to Figures 12 to 14 are marked with same reference numbers.

Dans ce mode particulier de réalisation la barre transversale 115 qui sert de pièce de connexion entre l'âme 109 et les branches 118 de l'étrier, comporte deux extrémités allongées référencées 217. De leur côté, les deux bras parallèles 118 de l'étrier comprennent chacun une pièce d'accouplement 219 en forme de boucle d'oreille, ou plus précisément présentant une lumière dans laquelle vient s'engager une des extrémités allongées 217 de la barre transversale 115.In this particular embodiment the bar transverse 115 which serves as a connecting piece between the core 109 and the branches 118 of the stirrup, has two elongated ends referenced 217. For their part, the two parallel arms 118 of the stirrup each include a coupling piece 219 in the form of an earring, or more precisely presenting a light in which engages one of the elongated ends 217 of the crossbar 115.

On comprend donc que la distance entre les bras 118 de l'étrier 102 peut ici aussi être ajustée à celle séparant les trous de la mentonnière en faisant coulisser avant le serrage définitif des écrous 120 les pièces d'accouplement 219 le long des deux extrémités 217 de la barre transversale 115.We therefore understand that the distance between the arms 118 of the stirrup 102 can here also be adjusted to that separating the chin holes by sliding before the final tightening of the nuts 120 the parts coupling 219 along the two ends 217 of the crossbar 115.

Claims (16)

  1. Shoulder support arrangement for violin of the type comprising :
    a clamping stirrup (2) intended to be secured to the respective edges of the top plate (T) and the back plate (F) of the violin proximate the tailpiece end button (B),
    a chin rest (3) secured on the stirrup (2) on the top plate (T) side thereof,
    and a shoulder support (4) preferably coupled in an adjustable manner to a support arm (5), itself movably attached to said stirrup (2), the latter including to such effect a passage (17) in which the end (14) of the support arm (5) proximate the stirrup (2) is clamped by adjustable clamping means (15, 15A, 15B),
    characterized in that said end (14) of the support arm (5) is longitudinally split (13, 13a, 13b) so as to form prongs (5a, 5b) of a fork, and in that said adjustable clamping means (15, 15A, 15B) form an integral part of said support arm (5) or of said stirrup (2) and are arranged so as to enable the selective spreading apart of said prongs (5a, 5b) in order to clamp said end (14) within said passage (17).
  2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that said passage (17) exhibits re-entrant lateral walls (17a, 17b) and in that said end (14) of the support arm (5) includes bevelled lateral surfaces (14a, 14b) complementary to the re-entrant surfaces of the passage (17), the whole thus forming a dovetail assembly.
  3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that said passage (17) is a channel formed in a tablet (9, 9b) forming the web of the stirrup (2), such channel being open towards the face of the tablet opposite the back plate (F) of the violin.
  4. Arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said adjustable clamping means include a control element (18, 25, 31) having at least one dimension which exceeds the width of the slot (13, 13a, 13b) between the prongs (5a, 5b), the portion of said control element exhibiting such dimension being adapted y placed within the slot by a movement relative to said arm (5).
  5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that said control element is an L-shaped piece (18) one of the branches (19) of which forms a hand lever and the other branch (20) of which is assembled for rotation on said arm (5) by being inserted between the prongs (5a, 5b) of the latter, and in that said other branch (20) of the control element (18) exhibits a transversal cross-section having a predetermined dimension (21a) in one direction and another dimension (21b) greater than such predetermined dimension in a perpendicular direction.
  6. Arrangement according to any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that said control element (18) is assembled for rotation on said arm by a portion of circular cross-section (20a) accommodated in a portion (13a) of said slot (13) the latter walls of which define a circular cross-section whenever said arm is in the free state.
  7. Arrangement according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that said control element (18) includes an axial retention portion (20b) having a dimension exceeding the width of said slot (13) separating the prongs (5a, 5b) of said arm (5) and in that said retention portion (20b) is accommodated in an aperture (16) formed in said arm (5) and extending on either side of said slot (13).
  8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that said axial retention portion (20b) is an eccentric which projects from one of the faces of said arm (5) when said control element (18) is in its clamping position, and in that said tablet (9) of the stirrup (2) includes a cavity (21) located in one of the walls of said passage (17) and intended to receive the projecting portion of said eccentric.
  9. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that said control element (15A, 15B) exhibits the form of a wedge (25, 25a, 33).
  10. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that said wedge (25, 25a) is secured to one of the walls of said passage (17).
  11. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that said wedge (33) is provided on a cursor (31) movably mounted for translation on said tablet (9b) and adapted to be brought for insertion between the prongs (5a, 5b) of said arm, thanks to such translation movement.
  12. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that said stirrup (102) further comprises two arms (118) of adjustable length in order to assure clamping, as well as a web (109) coupling said two arms to one another and being brought to bear on the back plate (F), while on the side of said top plate said arms are inserted into holes (122) formed in said chin rest (103), and in that said web (109) and said arms (118) of the stirrup (102) are connected to one another through a connection piece (115) extending facing the rib (E) of the instrument and provided with assembly means (117, 119; 217, 219) allowing a predetermined lateral positioning of the arms (118) of the stirrup (102) relative to one another.
  13. Support arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that said connection piece appears in the form of a transversal bar (115) fixed to the web (109) of the stirrup (102) and in that said assembly means comprise coupling pieces (119) respectively fixed to the arms (118) of the stirrup (102) and mounted in apertures (117) formed in said transversal bar.
  14. Support arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that said coupling pieces appear in the form of keys (119) in which are formed cutaways (119c, 119d) which are arranged so that said keys (119) hook onto the edges (115a, 115b) of the apertures (117) provided in said transversal bar.
  15. Support arrangement according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that said apertures (117) have a rectangular form and extend longitudinally relative to said transversal bar (115), said coupling pieces (119) being slidingly engaged therein.
  16. Support arrangement according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that said connection piece (115) is formed together with the stirrup web as a single metallic piece.
EP93106331A 1992-04-21 1993-04-20 Violin shoulder rest Expired - Lifetime EP0567050B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9204977A FR2690268B1 (en) 1992-04-21 1992-04-21 SHOULDER HOLDER FOR VIOLIN
FR9204977 1992-04-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0567050A1 EP0567050A1 (en) 1993-10-27
EP0567050B1 true EP0567050B1 (en) 1998-07-08

Family

ID=9429163

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93106331A Expired - Lifetime EP0567050B1 (en) 1992-04-21 1993-04-20 Violin shoulder rest

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US (1) US5341714A (en)
EP (1) EP0567050B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE168212T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69319487T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2690268B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2426117A (en) * 2005-05-04 2006-11-15 Russell David Stowe Shoulder rest
US7531727B2 (en) * 2005-12-30 2009-05-12 Buttemer Evan D Chin rest for musical instrument
DE102007038004A1 (en) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-26 Gustav Pirazzi & Comp. Kg adapter piece
WO2011051229A2 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Michael Wiener Support device for playing musical instruments (high strings)
DE102010063175A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Wittner Gmbh & Co.Kg Shoulder support device for a musical instrument
CA2859094A1 (en) 2011-12-14 2013-06-20 Wittner Gmbh & Co. Kg Shoulder support for a musical instrument
EP2791934B1 (en) * 2011-12-14 2016-02-10 Wittner GmbH & Co. KG Shoulder rest for a musical instrument
US10943569B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2021-03-09 Dolfinos Ag Adapter for a support device for a stringed instrument

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE41057C (en) * F. L. becker in New-York, V. St. A Violin chin and shoulder rest
AT41393B (en) * 1908-11-30 1910-03-25 George Beisheim Shoulder rest for violins.
US4212222A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-15 Ted Henkle Violin shoulder rest
US4248125A (en) * 1979-03-19 1981-02-03 Everett Charles H Support for violin or similar string instrument
EP0287520A1 (en) * 1987-04-15 1988-10-19 Paul-Antoine Roulet Violin shoulder rest
FR2659163B1 (en) * 1990-03-02 1993-09-03 Roulet Paul Antoine SHOULDER SUPPORT FOR VIOLIN.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0567050A1 (en) 1993-10-27
US5341714A (en) 1994-08-30
FR2690268A1 (en) 1993-10-22
DE69319487T2 (en) 1999-02-25
DE69319487D1 (en) 1998-08-13
FR2690268B1 (en) 1997-07-04
ATE168212T1 (en) 1998-07-15

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