EP0565928B1 - Storage and transport pallet with sidewalls - Google Patents
Storage and transport pallet with sidewalls Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0565928B1 EP0565928B1 EP93104991A EP93104991A EP0565928B1 EP 0565928 B1 EP0565928 B1 EP 0565928B1 EP 93104991 A EP93104991 A EP 93104991A EP 93104991 A EP93104991 A EP 93104991A EP 0565928 B1 EP0565928 B1 EP 0565928B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- box
- storage
- grille
- transporting means
- means according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/02—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets
- B65D19/06—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00029—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
- B65D2519/00064—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00099—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00154—Materials for the side walls
- B65D2519/00164—Metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00223—Materials for the corner elements or corner frames
- B65D2519/00233—Metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
- B65D2519/00273—Overall construction of the pallet made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00293—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00298—Overall construction of the load supporting surface skeleton type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00323—Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
- B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00368—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
- B65D2519/00373—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer whereby at least one spacer is made of one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00492—Overall construction of the side walls
- B65D2519/00497—Overall construction of the side walls whereby at least one side wall is made of one piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00492—Overall construction of the side walls
- B65D2519/00512—Overall construction of the side walls skeleton type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00492—Overall construction of the side walls
- B65D2519/00532—Frame structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00736—Details
- B65D2519/00805—Means for facilitating the removal of the load
Definitions
- the invention relates to a storage and transport means in the form of a box, which has a pallet-like bottom, which is enclosed on three sides by a grid wall, with a lifting or industrial truck.
- Such a storage and transport means is known from DE-A 23 62 160 A1. It consists of disposable disposable material such as corrugated cardboard or the like and is therefore only of very limited use for reasons of stability alone; especially for heavy goods and harsh operating conditions such as e.g. occur or prevail on the building, it is unsuitable. But also for safety reasons it would not be possible to use it in construction, especially because of the open fourth side of the lattice wall; when swiveling or moving the load raised above head height by means of a lifting or industrial truck, there is a risk that the load may be wholly or partially - e.g. individual stones - falling through the open fourth side and injuring people.
- DE-A 2 063 096 discloses a storage and transport means in the form of a box, the rectangular base of which is made of widely spaced struts and is enclosed on three sides by a wall which also has widely spaced struts; the fourth side can be closed by a hinged lattice door.
- the large open gaps between the struts in the floor and in the side wall initially prove to be disadvantageous, since they make it impossible to use the box for small-sized loads.
- the lattice door also leads to difficulties, especially when loading the box; when folded down, it prevents access to the open box. Unhooking the lattice door to avoid this obstruction requires two additional operations, namely unlocking and unhooking as well as hooking and locking; in addition, the lattice door is often in the way.
- the protective cage consists of a grid wall enclosing three sides of a rectangle, which is fastened with its region opposite the open fourth side to the fork back of the loading fork; the open fourth side can be closed by two hinged door grilles on the two parallel areas of the lattice wall, which are opened by 270 ° when the load is passed under by means of the loading fork and closed and locked by means of the lifting or industrial truck during load transport.
- the protective cage consists of a grid wall enclosing all four sides of a rectangle, which is fastened to the loading fork by means of its region facing the back of the fork, on which the remaining grid wall is held so that it can be raised and lowered (raised during load pick-up, during load transport) lowered).
- a first disadvantage is that when a pallet is picked up, the base area of which is smaller than the rectangular area enclosed by the protective cage, there are more or less wide gaps between the side edges of the pallet and the lattice wall, as a result of which parts of the transported load - e.g. individual stones - can fall through.
- the accident prevention regulation only allows openings of 50 x 50 mm.
- Another disadvantage is that nothing can be transported without a pallet or underlay; individual items such as Tools or loose goods therefore always require special load handling devices.
- the invention has for its object to improve the storage and transport means known from DE-A-23 62 160 and from DE-A-20 63 096 in such a way that it is suitable for accommodating a wide variety of goods so that these goods have it transported in compliance with safety regulations with any type of lifting and industrial truck and that the goods it picks up are stackable.
- This object is achieved in that a grating which closes the open fourth side of the box in the transport state is assigned to the lifting or industrial truck which accomplishes the transport.
- the fourth side of the lattice wall which is open during the loading process, is closed automatically when the load is passed under the load fork, for which purpose it only has to be retracted up to the stop of the lattice against the vertical end faces of the three-sided lattice wall.
- the stable three-sided lattice wall firmly connected to the bottom of the box creates the prerequisites for the formation of surfaces which enable the box to be stacked, so that it can be used to set up an organization system on construction sites and storage spaces.
- the open fourth side of the box faces the loading fork of the lifting or industrial truck, to the back of which the grid is detachably fastened, which is expediently wider than the open fourth side of the box.
- the upper flange of the two parallel regions of the three-sided lattice wall projects beyond its vertical end face and forms a locking hook in this projecting region, the surface of which facing the vertical end surface rises in a wedge shape.
- coupling means are provided on the vertical end faces, to which elements for temporarily securing the open fourth side of the box can be connected, the coupling means expediently as hinges, eyelet-like receptacles or swivel joints and the elements which can be connected to them as a hinge - Or swing doors, belt profiles or swivel grill are formed.
- the open fourth side of the three-sided lattice wall can be closed by means of the lifting or industrial truck before or after transport of the loaded box, so that it also opens up during a possible truck delivery to the construction site or storage area or after stopping the construction site or storage area is secured against accidental falling out of parts of the load.
- the lower end face of the three-sided lattice wall spring back upwards relative to the underside of the pallet-like bottom and let it protrude laterally beyond the bottom.
- the box 1 consists of a pallet-like base 2 and a grid wall 3 surrounding this base 2 on three sides; the - in the drawing front - fourth page 4 is open.
- the bottom 2 the area of which is somewhat larger than that of a euro pallet, has three supports 5, which are provided on their top and bottom with boards 6 which extend at right angles to the supports 5 and are arranged at a distance from one another.
- the upper boards 6 can also form a closed surface in order to be able to accommodate fine-particle loose goods; in this case, the three-sided lattice wall 3 would be very fine-meshed or even a closed wall.
- the loading fork 7 consists of a cross member 8, two fork tines 9 which are held laterally displaceably thereon and a fork seat 10, which is seated in the center thereof and projects upwards, the free leg 11 of which is provided with a coupling 12 for hanging the crane hook or the like.
- a grid 13 is attached, which is detachably fastened to it by means of holders 14 and clamping screws 15.
- the width of the grid 13 is greater than the width of the open fourth side 4 of the three-sided grid wall 3.
- the loading fork 7 is designed so that it can be used in connection with a wide variety of construction machines such as fork and all-terrain forklifts, wheel loaders, etc.
- the upper flange 16 of the two parallel regions of the three-sided lattice wall 3 projects beyond the vertical end faces 17 thereof and forms a locking hook 18 each.
- the opening of this locking hook 18 is directed downwards and tapers upwards; its smallest width at the base corresponds approximately to the width of the upper chord 19 of the grille 13.
- the bottom 2 of an upper box 1 is encompassed by the upper edge region of the three-sided lattice wall 3 of a lower box 1, the lower end face 20 of the upper box 1 coming to lie on the upper flange 16 of the three-sided lattice wall 3 of the lower box 1; the upper box 1 is held immovably on three sides.
- the side surfaces 21 of the base 2 are designed to be inclined downwards and inwards.
- the procedure to be carried out with the storage and transport means according to the invention is as follows:
- the load to be transported, if it is a palletized good, is picked up with the loading fork 7 and placed together with the pallet in box 1.
- the charging fork 7 is moved away from the box and moved out of the box 1, lowered and moved into the bottom 2 of the box 1.
- the loading fork 7 is raised, as a result of which the upper chord 19 of the grille 13 engages in the opening of the locking hooks 18 and locks the grille 13 in its closed position.
- the load is then transported by means of the lifting or industrial truck connected to the loading fork 7.
- the loading fork 7 is lowered so far that the upper flange 19 of the grille 13 is released from the opening of the locking hook 18; then the charging fork 7 is extended from the bottom 2 of the box 1 and stands available for the next operation.
- the box 1 is not loaded by means of the loading fork 7, but by hand.
- the process following the loading of box 1 corresponds to that previously described.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pallets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Lager- und Transportmittel in Form einer Box, die einen palettenartig ausgebildeten Boden aufweist, der an drei Seiten von einer Gitterwand umschlossen ist, mit einem Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeug.The invention relates to a storage and transport means in the form of a box, which has a pallet-like bottom, which is enclosed on three sides by a grid wall, with a lifting or industrial truck.
Ein solches Lager- und Transportmittel ist aus der DE-A 23 62 160 A1 bekannt. Es besteht aus wegwerfbarem Einwegmaterial wie Wellpappe od. dgl. und ist deshalb allein schon aus Stabilitätsgründen nur sehr begrenzt einsetzbar; vor allem für schwere Güter und rauhe Betriebsbedingungen, wie sie bsp. am Bau vorkommen bzw. herrschen, ist es ungeeignet. Aber auch aus sicherheitlichen Gründen wäre eine Verwendung am Bau nicht möglich, und zwar vor allem wegen der offenen vierten Seite der Gitterwand; beim Verschwenken bzw. Verfahren der über Kopfhöhe angehobenen Last mittels eines Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeugs besteht die Gefahr, daß die Last ganz oder teilweise - z.B. einzelne Steine - durch die offene vierte Seite herunterfällt und Personen verletzt.Such a storage and transport means is known from DE-A 23 62 160 A1. It consists of disposable disposable material such as corrugated cardboard or the like and is therefore only of very limited use for reasons of stability alone; especially for heavy goods and harsh operating conditions such as e.g. occur or prevail on the building, it is unsuitable. But also for safety reasons it would not be possible to use it in construction, especially because of the open fourth side of the lattice wall; when swiveling or moving the load raised above head height by means of a lifting or industrial truck, there is a risk that the load may be wholly or partially - e.g. individual stones - falling through the open fourth side and injuring people.
Weiter ist aus der DE-A 2 063 096 ein Lager- und Transportmittel in Form einer Box bekannt, deren rechteckiger, aus weit beabstandeten Streben bestehender Boden an drei Seiten von einer ebenfalls weit beabstandete Streben aufweisenden Wand umschlossen ist; die vierte Seite ist durch eine schwenkbare Gittertür verschließbar. Bei dieser bekannten Bauart erweisen sich zunächst die zwischen den Streben vorhandenen großen offenen Spalte im Boden und in der Seitenwand als nachteilig, da sie die Verwendung der Box für kleinstückiges Ladegut unmöglich machen. Aber auch die Gittertür führt vor allem beim Beladen der Box zu Schwierigkeiten; im heruntergeklappten Zustand behindert sie den Zugang zur offenen Box. Wird die Gittertür zwecks Vermeidung dieser Behinderung ausgehängt, macht das zwei zusätzliche Arbeitsgänge, nämlich Entriegeln und Aushängen sowie Einhängen und Verriegeln, erforderlich; außerdem steht dabei die Gittertür oftmals im Wege.Furthermore, DE-A 2 063 096 discloses a storage and transport means in the form of a box, the rectangular base of which is made of widely spaced struts and is enclosed on three sides by a wall which also has widely spaced struts; the fourth side can be closed by a hinged lattice door. In this known design, the large open gaps between the struts in the floor and in the side wall initially prove to be disadvantageous, since they make it impossible to use the box for small-sized loads. But the lattice door also leads to difficulties, especially when loading the box; when folded down, it prevents access to the open box. Unhooking the lattice door to avoid this obstruction requires two additional operations, namely unlocking and unhooking as well as hooking and locking; in addition, the lattice door is often in the way.
Um diese Mängel zu beseitigen, sind aus dem Katalog "FE-Eichinger Baugeräte" der Firma Florian Eichinger GmbH in Berching/Opf. Ladegabeln mit daran befestigten Schutzkörben bekanntgeworden. Bei einer ersten Ausführungsform besteht der Schutzkorb aus einer drei Seiten eines Rechtecks umschließenden Gitterwand, die mit ihrem der offenen vierten Seite gegenüberliegenden Bereich am Gabelrücken der Ladegabel befestigt ist; die offene vierte Seite ist durch zwei schwenkbar an den beiden parallelen Bereichen der Gitterwand gehaltene Türgitter verschließbar, die beim Unterfahren der Last mittels der Ladegabel um 270° aufgeklappt und während des Lasttransports mittels des Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeugs geschlossen und verriegelt sind. Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform besteht der Schutzkorb aus einer alle vier Seiten eines Rechtecks umschließenden Gitterwand, die mittels ihres dem Gabelrücken zugewandten Bereichs an der Ladegabel befestigt ist, an dem die restliche Gitterwand heb- und senkbar gehalten ist (während der Lastaufnahme angehoben, während des Lasttransports abgesenkt).In order to remedy these shortcomings, the catalog "FE-Eichinger construction equipment" from Florian Eichinger GmbH in Berching / Opf. Loading forks with protective baskets attached have become known. At a In the first embodiment, the protective cage consists of a grid wall enclosing three sides of a rectangle, which is fastened with its region opposite the open fourth side to the fork back of the loading fork; the open fourth side can be closed by two hinged door grilles on the two parallel areas of the lattice wall, which are opened by 270 ° when the load is passed under by means of the loading fork and closed and locked by means of the lifting or industrial truck during load transport. In another embodiment, the protective cage consists of a grid wall enclosing all four sides of a rectangle, which is fastened to the loading fork by means of its region facing the back of the fork, on which the remaining grid wall is held so that it can be raised and lowered (raised during load pick-up, during load transport) lowered).
Diese bekannten Ladegabeln mit Schutzkorb bedeuten zwar eine erhebliche Verbesserung des aus der DE-A-23 62 160 bekannten Lager- und Transportmittels, doch erfüllen letztlich auch sie noch nicht alle insbesondere am Bau gestellten Anforderungen. So besteht ein erster Nachteil darin, daß bei Aufnahme einer Palette, deren Grundfläche kleiner als die vom Schutzkorb umschlossene Rechteckfläche ist, zwischen den Seitenrändern der Palette und der Gitterwand mehr oder minder breite Spalte entstehen, durch die nach wie vor Teile der transportierten Last - z.B. einzelne Steine - hindurchfallen können. Die Unfallverhütungsvorschrift läßt nur Öffnungen von 50 x 50 mm zu. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist es, daß ohne Palette bzw. Unterlage nichts transportiert werden kann; einzelne Gegenstände wie bsp. Werkzeuge oder lose Güter erfordern daher stets spezielle Lastaufnahmemittel. Ferner ist es ungünstig, daß für das Überführen des Schutzkorbs in seine Schließ- bzw. Transportstellung ein besonderer, von Hand vorzunehmender Arbeitsgang (Schließen und Verriegeln der Türgitter bzw. Absenken des Schutzkorbs) durchgeführt werden muß, wobei sich Fehlbedienungen (z.B. mangelhaftes Verriegeln der Türgitter) mit daraus resultierenden Schäden nicht ausschließen lassen. Schließlich wird es als nachteilig empfunden, daß die nach Beendigung des Transportvorgangs auf der Baustelle, dem Lagerplatz od. dgl. abgestellte Last nicht stapelbar ist.Although these known loading forks with a protective cage mean a considerable improvement in the storage and transport means known from DE-A-23 62 160, they ultimately also do not yet meet all of the requirements, in particular on construction. A first disadvantage is that when a pallet is picked up, the base area of which is smaller than the rectangular area enclosed by the protective cage, there are more or less wide gaps between the side edges of the pallet and the lattice wall, as a result of which parts of the transported load - e.g. individual stones - can fall through. The accident prevention regulation only allows openings of 50 x 50 mm. Another disadvantage is that nothing can be transported without a pallet or underlay; individual items such as Tools or loose goods therefore always require special load handling devices. Furthermore, it is unfavorable that a special, manual operation (closing and locking the door grille or lowering the protection cage) has to be carried out for the transfer of the protective cage into its closed or transport position, with incorrect operation (for example inadequate locking of the door grille) ) with the resulting damage cannot be excluded. Finally, it is felt to be disadvantageous that the load placed on the construction site, the storage site or the like after the end of the transport process cannot be stacked.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die aus der DE-A-23 62 160 und aus der DE-A-20 63 096 bekannten Lager- und Transportmittel dahin zu verbessern, daß es zur Aufnahme verschiedenartigster Güter geeignet ist, daß sich damit diese Güter unter Einhaltung sicherheitstechnischer Vorschriften mit Hebe- und Flurförderzeugen beliebiger Art transportieren lassen und daß die von ihm aufgenommenen Güter stapelbar sind. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein die offene vierte Seite der Box im Transportzustand verschließendes Gitter dem den Transport bewerkstelligenden Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeug zugeordnet ist.The invention has for its object to improve the storage and transport means known from DE-A-23 62 160 and from DE-A-20 63 096 in such a way that it is suitable for accommodating a wide variety of goods so that these goods have it transported in compliance with safety regulations with any type of lifting and industrial truck and that the goods it picks up are stackable. This object is achieved in that a grating which closes the open fourth side of the box in the transport state is assigned to the lifting or industrial truck which accomplishes the transport.
Aufgrund dieser Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, durch Auslegung der Bodenfläche der Box auf das größte existierende Palettenformat alle am Bau oder auch auf anderen Gebieten verwendeten Palettengrößen aufnehmen zu können. Selbst wenn die in der Box abgestellte Palette wesentlich kleinere Abmessungen als die Bodenfläche der Box aufweist, können von der Palette herunterfallende Teile nicht aus der Box herausfallen, da sie daran durch den Boden und die im Transportzustand allseitig umlaufende Gitterwand gehindert werden. Auch lassen sich in der Box nicht palettierte lose Güter unterbringen, ohne daß es deshalb zu Schwierigkeiten in sicherheitlicher Hinsicht kommt. Das Verschließen der während des Ladevorgangs offenen vierten Seite der Gitterwand erfolgt automatisch beim Unterfahren der Last mittels der Ladegabel, wozu diese lediglich bis zum Anschlag des Gitters gegen die vertikalen Stirnflächen der dreiseitigen Gitterwand eingefahren zu werden braucht. Schließlich schafft die mit dem Boden der Box fest verbundene stabile dreiseitige Gitterwand die Voraussetzung für die Ausbildung von Flächen, welche die Stapelbarkeit der Box ermöglichen, so daß sich mit dieser auf Baustellen und Lagerplätzen ein Ordnungssystem einrichten läßt.Due to this design, it is possible to design all of the largest existing pallet format by designing the bottom surface of the box to be able to accommodate pallet sizes used in construction or in other areas. Even if the pallet placed in the box has significantly smaller dimensions than the bottom surface of the box, parts falling from the pallet cannot fall out of the box, since they are prevented from doing so by the floor and the all-round grating wall in the transport state. Loose goods that are not palletized can also be accommodated in the box without there being any difficulties in terms of safety. The fourth side of the lattice wall, which is open during the loading process, is closed automatically when the load is passed under the load fork, for which purpose it only has to be retracted up to the stop of the lattice against the vertical end faces of the three-sided lattice wall. Finally, the stable three-sided lattice wall firmly connected to the bottom of the box creates the prerequisites for the formation of surfaces which enable the box to be stacked, so that it can be used to set up an organization system on construction sites and storage spaces.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die offene vierte Seite der Box der Ladegabel des Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeugs zugewandt, an deren Gabelrücken das Gitter lösbar befestigt ist, das zweckmäßigerweise breiter als die offene vierte Seite der Box ist. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, daß die offene vierte Seite der dreiseitigen Gitterwand beim Unterfahren der Last mittels der Ladegabel auch dann sicher verschlossen wird, wenn die Ladegabel die Box nicht genau mittig untergreift.In a further embodiment of the invention, the open fourth side of the box faces the loading fork of the lifting or industrial truck, to the back of which the grid is detachably fastened, which is expediently wider than the open fourth side of the box. In this way it is ensured that the open fourth side of the three-sided lattice wall is securely closed when the load is passed under the load fork even if the load fork does not reach under the box exactly in the middle.
Gemäß einem besonders vorteilhaften Merkmal der Erfindung steht der Obergurt der beiden parallelen Bereiche der dreiseitigen Gitterwand über deren vertikale Stirnfläche vor und bildet in diesem vorstehenden Bereich einen Verschlußhaken, dessen der vertikalen Stirnfläche zugewandte Fläche nach oben keilförmig ansteigt. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß nach Beendigung des Unterfahrens der Last mittels der Ladegabel, wenn das Gitter gegen die vertikalen Stirnflächen der parallelen Bereiche der dreiseitigen Gitterwand zur Anlage gekommen ist, im Zuge des Anhebens der Last durch die dabei stattfindende Aufwärtsbewegung der Ladegabel der Obergurt des Gitters in die Öffnung der Verschlußhaken einrückt und so eine automatische Sicherung bzw. Arretierung des Gitters in seiner Schließstellung bewirkt wird. Umgekehrt findet nach Beendigung des Transports der Last ein automatisches Entriegeln des Gitters statt, da dieses nach dem Absetzen der Box auf dem Untergrund im Zuge der weiteren Absenkbewegung der Ladegabel aus den Verschlußhaken freikommt und beim Zurückfahren der Ladegabel die offene vierte Seite freigibt.According to a particularly advantageous feature of the invention, the upper flange of the two parallel regions of the three-sided lattice wall projects beyond its vertical end face and forms a locking hook in this projecting region, the surface of which facing the vertical end surface rises in a wedge shape. This ensures that after the load has passed under the load fork when the grid comes to rest against the vertical end faces of the parallel regions of the three-sided grid wall is, in the course of the lifting of the load by the upward movement of the loading fork taking place, the upper chord of the grille engages in the opening of the locking hooks, thus causing an automatic securing or locking of the grille in its closed position. Conversely, after the load has been transported, the grille is automatically unlocked, because after the box has been placed on the ground, the loading fork is released from the locking hooks as part of the further lowering movement and releases the open fourth side when the loading fork moves back.
Es hat sich als sehr günstig erwiesen, wenn an den vertikalen Stirnflächen Kupplungsmittel vorgesehen sind, an die Elemente zum vorübergehenden Sichern der offenen vierten Seite der Box anschließbar sind, wobei die Kupplungsmittel zweckmäßigerweise als Scharniere, ösenartige Aufnahmen oder Drehgelenke und die daran anschließbaren Elemente als Klapp- oder Schwenktüren, Gurtprofile oder Schwenkgitter ausgebildet sind. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die offene vierte Seite der dreiseitigen Gitterwand vor oder nach dem Transport der beladenen Box mittels des Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeugs verschließen, so daß diese auch während einer eventuellen Lkw-Anlieferung zur Baustelle oder zum Lagerplatz bzw. nach dem Absetzen auf der Baustelle oder dem Lagerplatz gegen ein ungewolltes Herausfallen von Teilen der Last gesichert ist.It has proven to be very favorable if coupling means are provided on the vertical end faces, to which elements for temporarily securing the open fourth side of the box can be connected, the coupling means expediently as hinges, eyelet-like receptacles or swivel joints and the elements which can be connected to them as a hinge - Or swing doors, belt profiles or swivel grill are formed. In this way, the open fourth side of the three-sided lattice wall can be closed by means of the lifting or industrial truck before or after transport of the loaded box, so that it also opens up during a possible truck delivery to the construction site or storage area or after stopping the construction site or storage area is secured against accidental falling out of parts of the load.
Um die Box stapeln zu können, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, die untere Stirnfläche der dreiseitigen Gitterwand gegenüber der Unterseite des palettenartig ausgebildeten Bodens nach oben zurückspringen und seitlich über den Boden vorstehen zu lassen. Dadurch läßt sich eine Box von oben auf eine bereits abgestellte Box derart aufsetzen, daß der Boden der oberen Box vom oberen Randbereich der dreiseitigen Gitterwand der unteren Box umgriffen wird und der Obergurt der dreiseitigen Gitterwand der unteren Box das Auflager für die untere Stirnfläche der dreiseitigen Gitterwand der oberen Box bildet.In order to be able to stack the box, it is provided according to the invention that the lower end face of the three-sided lattice wall spring back upwards relative to the underside of the pallet-like bottom and let it protrude laterally beyond the bottom. This allows a box to be placed on top of an already parked box in such a way that the bottom of the upper box is encompassed by the upper edge area of the three-sided grid wall of the lower box and the upper flange of the three-sided grid wall of the lower box is the support for the lower end face of the three-sided grid wall the top box forms.
In der Zeichnung ist ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.In the drawing, a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown.
Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer - leeren - Box mit zugehöriger Ladegabel sowie
- Fig. 2 und 3
- je einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of an - empty - box with associated charging fork and
- 2 and 3
- each a section of Fig. 1 in an enlarged view.
Gemäß Fig. 1 besteht die Box 1 aus einem palettenartig ausgebildeten Boden 2 und einer diesen Boden 2 an drei Seiten umschließenden Gitterwand 3; die - in der Zeichnung vordere - vierte Seite 4 ist offen. Der Boden 2, dessen Fläche etwas größer als die einer Euro-Palette ist, weist drei Träger 5 auf, die auf ihrer Ober- und Unterseite mit Brettern 6 versehen sind, welche sich rechtwinklig zu den Trägern 5 erstrecken und mit Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Selbstverständlich können die oberen Bretter 6 auch eine geschlossene Fläche bilden, um feinteilige lose Güter aufnehmen zu können; in diesem Fall würde die dreiseitige Gitterwand 3 sehr feinmaschig bzw. sogar als geschlossene Wand ausgebildet sein.1, the box 1 consists of a pallet-
Die Ladegabel 7 besteht aus einem Querholm 8, zwei darauf seitenverschiebbar gehaltenen Gabelzinken 9 und einem daran mittig ansitzenden, nach oben aufragenden Gabelrücken 10, dessen freier Schenkel 11 mit einer Kupplung 12 zum Einhängen des Kranhakens od. dgl. versehen ist. Auf der der Box 1 zugewandten Vorderseite des Gabelrückens 10 ist ein Gitter 13 angebracht, das daran mittels Haltern 14 und Spannschrauben 15 lösbar befestigt ist. Die Breite des Gitters 13 ist größer als die Breite der offenen vierten Seite 4 der dreiseitigen Gitterwand 3. Die Ladegabel 7 ist so ausgelegt, daß sie sich in Verbindung mit den verschiedensten Baumaschinen wie Gabel- und Geländestaplern, Radladern usw. verwenden läßt.The loading fork 7 consists of a
Wie insbesondere Fig. 2 erkennen läßt, steht der Obergurt 16 der beiden parallelen Bereiche der dreiseitigen Gitterwand 3 über deren vertikale Stirnflächen 17 vor und bildet je einen Verschlußhaken 18. Die Öffnung dieser Verschlußhaken 18 ist nach unten gerichtet und verjüngt sich nach oben; ihre kleinste Breite an der Basis entspricht etwa der Breite des Obergurts 19 des Gitters 13.As can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, the
Vor allem aus Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, daß die untere Stirnfläche 20 der dreiseitigen Gitterwand 3 gegenüber der Unterseite des Bodens 2 nach oben zurückspringt und seitlich über den Boden 2 vorsteht. Auf diese Weise wird der Boden 2 einer oberen Box 1 vom oberen Randbereich der dreiseitigen Gitterwand 3 einer unteren Box 1 umfaßt, wobei die untere Stirnfläche 20 der oberen Box 1 auf den Obergurt 16 der dreiseitigen Gitterwand 3 der unteren Box 1 zu liegen kommt; die obere Box 1 ist nach drei Seiten unverrückbar gehalten. Um das Stapeln der Boxen 1 zu erleichtern, sind die Seitenflächen 21 des Bodens 2 nach unten und innen geneigt ausgebildet.3 that the
Die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Lager- und Transportmittel durchzuführende Verfahrensweise ist folgende:
Die zu transportierende Last wird, sofern es sich um ein palettiertes Gut handelt, mit der Ladegabel 7 aufgenommen und samt Palette in der Box 1 abgestellt. Danach wird die Ladegabel 7 unter der Last weg- und aus der Box 1 herausgefahren, abgesenkt und in den Boden 2 der Box 1 eingefahren. Nach Anschlag des Gitters 13 gegen die vertikalen Stirnflächen 17 der dreiseitigen Gitterwand 3 wird die Ladegabel 7 angehoben, wodurch der Obergurt 19 des Gitters 13 in die Öffnung der Verschlußhaken 18 einrückt und das Gitter 13 in seiner Schließstellung arretiert. Danach erfolgt der Transport der Last mittels des mit der Ladegabel 7 verbundenen Hebe- bzw. Flurförderzeugs. Nach dem Absetzen der Box 1 am Bestimmungsort wird die Ladegabel 7 noch so weit abgesenkt, daß der Obergurt 19 des Gitters 13 aus der Öffnung der Verschlußhaken 18 freikommt; danach wird die Ladegabel 7 aus dem Boden 2 der Box 1 ausgefahren und steht für den nächsten Arbeitsgang zur Verfügung.The procedure to be carried out with the storage and transport means according to the invention is as follows:
The load to be transported, if it is a palletized good, is picked up with the loading fork 7 and placed together with the pallet in box 1. Thereafter, the charging fork 7 is moved away from the box and moved out of the box 1, lowered and moved into the
Handelt es sich bei der zu transportierenden Last um ein nicht palettiertes loses Gut, so erfolgt die Beladung der Box 1 nicht mittels der Ladegabel 7, sondern von Hand. Der sich an die Beladung der Box 1 anschließende Vorgang entspricht dem zuvor beschriebenen.If the load to be transported is a non-palletized loose good, the box 1 is not loaded by means of the loading fork 7, but by hand. The process following the loading of box 1 corresponds to that previously described.
- 11
- Boxbox
- 22nd
- Bodenground
- 33rd
- GitterwandLattice wall
- 44th
- offene vierte Seiteopen fourth page
- 55
- Trägercarrier
- 66
- Bretterboards
- 77
- LadegabelLoading fork
- 88th
- QuerholmQuerholm
- 99
- GabelzinkenForks
- 1010th
- GabelrückenFork back
- 1111
- freier Schenkelfree leg
- 1212th
- Kupplungclutch
- 1313
- GitterGrid
- 1414
- Halterholder
- 1515
- SpannschraubenTurnbuckles
- 1616
- Obergurt GitterwandTop chord grating wall
- 1717th
- vertikale Stirnflächenvertical end faces
- 1818th
- VerschlußhakenLocking hook
- 1919th
- Obergurt GitterTop chord grille
- 2020th
- untere Stirnflächelower face
- 2121
- schräge Seitenflächensloping sides
Claims (8)
- A storage and transporting means in the form of a box comprising a base which is constructed in the manner of a pallet and which is surrounded on three sides by a grille wall, with a lifting device or floor conveyor, characterized in that a grille (13) closing the open fourth side (4) of the box (1) in the conveyed state is associated with the lifting device or floor conveyor which provides transportation.
- A storage and transporting means according to Claim 1, characterized in that the open fourth side (4) of the box (1) faces the loading fork (7) of the lifting device or floor conveyor, the grille (13) being detachably secured to the back (10) of the said loading fork (7).
- A storage and transporting means according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the grille (13) is wider than the open fourth side (4) of the box (1).
- A storage and transporting means according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper boom (16) of the two parallel areas of the grille wall (3) on the three sides projects beyond the vertical front end (17) of the said grille wall (3) and forms a closure hook (18) in this projecting area.
- A storage and transporting means according to Claim 4, characterized in that the face of the hook facing the vertical front end (17) rises upwards in the manner of a wedge.
- A storage and transporting means according to Claim 1 and at least one of the following Claims, characterized in that coupling devices, to which members for temporarily securing the open fourth side (4) of the box (1) can be connected, are provided on the vertical front ends (17).
- A storage and transporting means according to Claim 6, characterized in that the coupling devices are constructed in the form of hinges, lug-like receiving means or hinge joints, and the members connectable thereto are constructed in the form of trap doors or swing doors, boom sections or swivelling grilles.
- A storage and transporting means according to Claim 1 and at least one of the following Claims, characterized in that the lower front end (20) of the grille wall (3) on the three sides is upwardly set back with respect to the underside of the base (2) constructed in the manner of a pallet and projects laterally beyond the base (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4212544A DE4212544A1 (en) | 1992-04-15 | 1992-04-15 | STORAGE AND TRANSPORT MEANS |
DE4212544 | 1992-04-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0565928A1 EP0565928A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
EP0565928B1 true EP0565928B1 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
Family
ID=6456837
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93104991A Expired - Lifetime EP0565928B1 (en) | 1992-04-15 | 1993-03-26 | Storage and transport pallet with sidewalls |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0565928B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE138029T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4212544A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH398006A (en) * | 1962-03-05 | 1965-08-31 | Ziegelei Paradies | Crane fork used as a transport device for bricks and other stackable building blocks |
DE1265949B (en) * | 1963-01-14 | 1968-04-11 | Constral A G | Crane fork with swiveling protective cage and weight compensation mechanism |
DE1907382U (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1964-12-23 | Drawag A G | HOLDING DEVICE. |
FR1504813A (en) * | 1966-10-28 | 1967-12-08 | Nodet Gougis | Storage area allowing handling without a pallet |
DE2063096A1 (en) * | 1970-12-11 | 1972-06-22 | Triplex Safety Glass Co. Ltd., London | Spring-loaded latch for pallets or storage plates |
DE2362160A1 (en) * | 1973-12-14 | 1975-06-26 | Fendt & Co Xaver | Storage and transportation palette - is made as throw away article with base and attached wall sections with insertable corner supports |
FR2493273A1 (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-05-07 | Renault | HANDLING AND STORAGE BOX OPENING IN DOUBLE DOOR ON HIS FRONTAL FRONT |
-
1992
- 1992-04-15 DE DE4212544A patent/DE4212544A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-03-26 DE DE59302564T patent/DE59302564D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-26 AT AT93104991T patent/ATE138029T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-26 EP EP93104991A patent/EP0565928B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59302564D1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
EP0565928A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
ATE138029T1 (en) | 1996-06-15 |
DE4212544A1 (en) | 1993-11-04 |
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