EP0544853B1 - Appareil de chauffage d'air - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0544853B1
EP0544853B1 EP92910390A EP92910390A EP0544853B1 EP 0544853 B1 EP0544853 B1 EP 0544853B1 EP 92910390 A EP92910390 A EP 92910390A EP 92910390 A EP92910390 A EP 92910390A EP 0544853 B1 EP0544853 B1 EP 0544853B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ribs
air heater
heater according
heat exchanger
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92910390A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0544853A1 (fr
Inventor
Josef Brandtner
Jörg Baur
Michael Fechner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philipp Kreis & Co Truma-Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
Philipp Kreis & Co Truma-Geratebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Philipp Kreis & Co Truma-Geratebau GmbH filed Critical Philipp Kreis & Co Truma-Geratebau GmbH
Publication of EP0544853A1 publication Critical patent/EP0544853A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/065—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/10—Secondary fins, e.g. projections or recesses on main fins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air heater for small rooms, in particular for mobile rooms such as caravans, mobile homes, boats or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a tubular combustion chamber is surrounded by a heat exchanger insert made of an inner jacket ribbed on both sides.
  • this insert is open at one end, while at the other end it has a cover cap placed on the inner jacket for deflecting the combustion gases rising in the flame or combustion chamber tube into a heating chamber formed between the flame tube and the inner jacket of the insert, into which the combustion gases down and out through an exhaust duct.
  • Another formed between the inner jacket and an outer jacket Annulus serves to heat air flowing through.
  • This known heat exchanger insert is designed with its inner and outer ribs as an extruded profile part.
  • the inner and outer ribs projecting radially from the inner jacket and extending over its full length are wing-shaped with flat surfaces.
  • a heat exchanger insert has inner and outer ribs which are placed opposite one another on the inner jacket, the inner ribs being alternately wider and narrower.
  • This heat exchanger insert is produced in the casting process in the form of a hood, which can only be used for a certain unit size and is also complex and expensive.
  • the outer ribs end with their mostly pointed outer edges at a greater distance from the outer jacket in order to prevent the outer jacket from overheating in places.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing an air heater with a suitable heat exchanger insert, which consists of a simple molded part with enlarged heat transfer surfaces that are particularly suitable for optimal airflow.
  • the heat exchanger insert of which is provided with an inner jacket with favorably designed inner and outer fins, particularly large heating surfaces can be achieved even in a dense arrangement, without making shaping by extrusion difficult.
  • the compression of the inner fins by wide and narrow fins alternately distributed over the circumference ensures that the combustion gas flow in the boiler room is largely fanned out, without creating a too narrow constriction of the throughflow spaces on the free inner edges of the fins.
  • the material stresses and the heat flow paths are shortened by the inner and outer ribs placed opposite at the same place on the inner jacket and the cross webs projecting at least on one side on the outer edges of the outer ribs also increase the outward-radiating surfaces, so that the outer ribs with the outer cross webs extend up to Can extend close to the outer jacket without fear of excessive heating of the outer jacket in places.
  • Particularly large radiation areas result when the crosspieces protrude from the outer ribs on both sides and approach each other with their ends, or when they unite to form a closed peripheral jacket, between which and the outer jacket a separate air flow is created, which is compared to the main air flow between the outer ribs isolating from the outside.
  • Additional transverse extensions on the outer ribs have also proven to be advantageous, since they not only increase the heat transfer areas, but also protrude into the air flows between the ribs.
  • the surfaces of the ribs on extruded profiles can be expanded with a variety of design options. Wavy or serrated surface longitudinal profiles have proven to be particularly favorable.
  • the ribs can have cross-sections that are the same throughout or taper towards the free edges. A further enlargement of the transmission areas on the inner and outer ribs could finally be achieved by means of serpentine cross sections.
  • a heat exchanger insert 2 according to the invention is inserted between a flame or combustion tube 1 and an outer jacket 3 made of a suitable material (FIG. 1).
  • This insert (FIG. 2) consists of an inner jacket 4 with inner ribs 8 and outer ribs 10. Together with the flame tube 1, the inner jacket 4 delimits a heating chamber 6 through which the combustion gases 5 are deflected from the combustion chamber 5, while the inner and outer jacket 4, 3 one Annulus 7 for heating form an air flow.
  • the inner and outer ribs are placed opposite each other on the inner jacket, their radial widths are approximately the same and they extend over the entire length of the inner jacket.
  • narrow inner ribs 9 In order to accommodate as many inner ribs as possible, they can be divided alternately into wide inner ribs 8 and narrow inner ribs 9 (FIG. 4). On the other hand, the narrow inner ribs 9 can also be replaced by short rib extensions 9 '(FIG. 2). This dense rib arrangement enables the combustion gas flow to be largely fanned out, but without creating a channel narrowing that is too great on the inner edges 11 of the flame tube. The flame tube 1 can rest directly on these inner edges, so that the heat from the flame tube is transferred directly to the heat exchanger insert.
  • the flame tube extends upwards in the interior of the heat exchanger insert 2, where it ends with its upper outlet opening shortly before a ceiling surface 14 which covers the heat exchanger insert or its inner jacket and which is expediently welded on.
  • a ceiling surface 14 which covers the heat exchanger insert or its inner jacket and which is expediently welded on.
  • the combustion gases rising in the flame tube are deflected into the heating chamber 6, from which the combustion gases on the burner side of the insert are in turn discharged into the open via an exhaust gas connection 22 and a chimney or the like.
  • the air to be heated flows in counterflow to the combustion gases in the heating space.
  • the air to be heated enters the annular space on the burner side, often also acted upon by a blower (not shown), and at the other end either directly or via an air heating system into the space to be heated.
  • the outer ribs also contribute to a strong fanning out of the air flow and bring about its rapid and intensive heating, in particular through the transverse webs 13 and transverse extensions 15 projecting into the air flows.
  • the extrusion process also makes it possible to co-operate with the surfaces of the ribs, in particular the inner ribs to form corrugated or serrated surfaces.
  • Corrugated inner ribs 16 are shown enlarged in FIG. 5, for example, these ribs additionally showing a taper 17 towards their free ends in order to adapt to the material stresses that occur.
  • an inner rib 8 with serrated surfaces is shown enlarged in FIG. 3. As FIG.
  • the ribs can also have a snake shape 20 in cross-section, which can be achieved particularly well on the inner ribs in conjunction with corrugated or serrated surfaces.
  • Screw channels 21 can also be formed in some of the outer ribs, into which screw threads can be cut at the fastening end of the heat exchanger insert in order to fasten it on a base plate.
  • the heat exchanger insert according to the invention as an extruded profile can be connected particularly advantageously with a base block 25 which forms two concentrically arranged ring channels, an exhaust gas channel 26 and an outer supply air channel 27.
  • the supply air duct is penetrated at one point by a radially projecting exhaust gas connection 22, which is surrounded by a casing tube 28 to form a preheating air duct 29 around the exhaust gas connection.
  • the base block With its central ring wall 30, the base block forms a mounting base 31 for the inner jacket 4 of the heat exchanger insert with the interposition of a sealing ring 32.
  • the flame tube 1 can be plugged onto a central tube piece 33 that closes the base block inwards, while a burner tube 35 with its gas and air Feeders are inserted into this central pipe section.
  • the exhaust and supply air channels 26, 27 are the boiler room 6 and the annular space 7 adapted so that sealed flow spaces arise. At the other, usually upper end of the heat exchanger insert, the air heated in the annular space 7 can either exit directly into the space or be brought together to form a connection 36 for an air heating system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil de chauffage d'air pour espaces réduits, notamment locaux mobiles, tels que caravanes, autocaravanes, bateaux ou similaire, comprend un échangeur de chaleur (2) inséré entre une chambre cylindrique de combustion (5), notamment à gaz, et une enveloppe extérieure (3) qui entoure avec un certain écartement la chambre de combustion, de manière à former un espace de chauffage (6) entre un tube-foyer (1) et une enveloppe intérieure (4) de cet échangeur de chaleur et à former un espace annulaire (7) entre cette enveloppe intérieure et l'enveloppe extérieure (3) pour un courant d'air à chauffer. Cet échangeur de chaleur inséré (2) est un profilé extrudé formé d'une enveloppe intérieure (4) à arêtes (8) intérieures (8) et extérieures (10) radialement saillantes. Les arêtes intérieures et extérieures sont disposées de manière similaire sur des côtés opposés de l'enveloppe intérieure. Les arêtes extérieures (10) sont pourvues sur les bords extérieurs (12) d'une barrette (13) saillante au moins d'un côté dont la surface extérieure est opposée à l'enveloppe extérieure (3), avec un certain écartement.

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil de chauffage d'air pour locaux de petite taille, notamment pour locaux mobiles, tels que caravanes, mobil-homes, bateaux ou analogues, avec un insert d'échange de chaleur (2) réalisé sous forme de profilé filé, qui est disposé entre une chambre de combustion (5) formée par un tube-foyer cylindrique (1), pour y brûler notamment des combustibles gazeux, et une enveloppe extérieure (3) entourant la chambre de combustion, une enveloppe intérieure cylindrique (4) de cet insert d'échange de chaleur étant pourvue de nervures radiales intérieures et extérieures (8, 10) disposées en vis-à-vis, et étant fermée à l'extrémité opposée au brûleur afin de renvoyer les gaz de combustion de la chambre de combustion (5) vers une chambre de chauffage (6) formée entre le tube-foyer (1) et l'enveloppe intérieure (4), tandis que l'enveloppe intérieure (4) et l'enveloppe extérieure (3) forment une chambre annulaire (7) pour un flux d'air à réchauffer, caractérisé en ce qu'une branche transversale (13) faisant saillie au moins d'un côté est chaque fois configurée sur les bords extérieurs (12) des nervures extérieures (10), les différentes branches transversales (13) ne sont pas contiguës, et elles font face par leurs faces extérieures à l'enveloppe extérieure (3) à distance uniforme, en suivant la face intérieure de cette dernière.
  2. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des prolongements transversaux supplémentaires (15) sont configurés en plus des branches transversales extérieures (13) sur les nervures extérieures (10).
  3. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que des nervures intérieures alternativement larges et étroites (8, 9) sont disposées sur l'enveloppe intérieure (4).
  4. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des branches transversales (13) et/ou des prolongements transversaux (15) sont en outre prévus sur les nervures intérieures.
  5. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces des nervures intérieures et/ou extérieures (8, 9, 10) présentent des profilages longitudinaux (16) ondulés ou dentelés.
  6. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les nervures intérieures (8, 9) et/ou extérieures (10) se rétrécissent en direction de leurs bords respectivement intérieurs (11) ou extérieurs (12).
  7. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que des nervures intérieures et/ou extérieures (8, 9, 10) sont réalisées avec une forme de section en serpentin.
  8. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les nervures intérieures (8) de l'enveloppe intérieure (4) sont conçues pour s'appliquer contre le tube-foyer (1).
  9. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que des canaux hélicoïdaux (21) sont formés dans quelques-unes des nervures extérieures (10).
  10. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe intérieure (4) est posée sur un bloc de base (25), de sorte que les canaux concentriques de gaz d'échappement et d'air entrant (26, 27) du bloc de base peuvent être raccordés séparément les uns des autres à la chambre de chauffage (6) et à la chambre annulaire (7).
  11. Appareil de chauffage d'air selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le canal de gaz d'échappement (26) et le canal d'air entrant (27) sont mutuellement séparés par une paroi annulaire médiane (30), qui forme un socle de pose (31) pour l'enveloppe intérieure (4).
EP92910390A 1991-05-22 1992-05-18 Appareil de chauffage d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0544853B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4116692A DE4116692A1 (de) 1991-05-22 1991-05-22 Waermetauschereinsatz fuer luftheizgeraete
DE4116692 1991-05-22
PCT/EP1992/001085 WO1992020975A1 (fr) 1991-05-22 1992-05-18 Appareil de chauffage d'air

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0544853A1 EP0544853A1 (fr) 1993-06-09
EP0544853B1 true EP0544853B1 (fr) 1996-08-14

Family

ID=6432169

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92910390A Expired - Lifetime EP0544853B1 (fr) 1991-05-22 1992-05-18 Appareil de chauffage d'air

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0544853B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ281280B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE4116692A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU214723B (fr)
WO (1) WO1992020975A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0926453A2 (fr) 1997-12-23 1999-06-30 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. Appareil de chauffage pour chauffer de l'air et/ou de l'eau
WO2008046384A1 (fr) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-24 Webasto Ag Dispositif de chauffage destiné à chauffer de l'eau et de l'air
EP3906782A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-10 Martin Hofmeir Dispositif de chauffage destiné à être utilisé dans un récipient à atmosphère explosive, en particulier destiné à la lutte contre les parasites et/ou au séchage, et procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage

Families Citing this family (19)

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DE4316884A1 (de) * 1993-05-19 1994-11-24 Kreis Truma Geraetebau Luftheizgerät für Kleinräume
DE102004008358B4 (de) * 2004-02-20 2008-12-18 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Fahrzeugheizgerät
DE102005053514A1 (de) 2004-11-26 2006-07-06 Webasto Ag Luftheizgerät für ein Kraftfahrzeug
EP1788320B1 (fr) 2005-11-18 2012-01-18 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG Echangeur de chaleur
DE102006011727B3 (de) * 2006-03-14 2007-11-22 Webasto Ag Kombiniertes Heizungs-/Warmwassersystem für mobile Anwendungen
ITMN20060071A1 (it) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-14 Unical Ag Spa Tubo in acciaio al carbonio protetto per il convogliamento di fumi in apparecchio di scambio termico.
DE102007015186A1 (de) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-02 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Interner Wärmetauscher für eine Klimaanlage
DE102007017106A1 (de) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-23 Webasto Ag Wärmeübertrager für ein kombiniertes Heizungs-/Warmwassersystem für mobile Anwendungen und kombiniertes Heizungs-/Warmwassersystem für mobile Anwendungen
KR101166806B1 (ko) * 2010-03-05 2012-07-31 주식회사 화승알앤에이 이중관 및 이를 구비한 열교환기
KR101211637B1 (ko) 2011-12-12 2012-12-18 주식회사 화승알앤에이 다방향 커넥터를 구비하는 이중관 열교환기 및 이를 구비하는 차량용 냉방 장치
AU201712794S (en) 2016-11-23 2017-05-23 Dometic Sweden Ab Ventilation and air conditioning apparatus
DE102017110960A1 (de) * 2017-05-19 2018-11-22 Webasto SE Brennstoffbetriebener Zuheizer für ein Fahrzeug
AU2018366469A1 (en) 2017-11-16 2020-05-21 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus for recreational vehicles
DE102018006595A1 (de) * 2018-08-21 2020-02-27 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG Heizvorrichtung zum Erwärmen von Luft
USD905217S1 (en) 2018-09-05 2020-12-15 Dometic Sweden Ab Air conditioning apparatus
IT201900019193A1 (it) 2019-10-17 2021-04-17 Dometic Sweden Ab Apparato di condizionamento dell'aria per veicoli ricreativi
DE102020002704A1 (de) 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Mediums
CN111503945B (zh) * 2020-05-14 2021-05-25 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 蒸发器及其蒸发管
DE102021001082A1 (de) 2021-03-01 2022-09-01 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Mediums

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DE2126828A1 (de) * 1971-05-29 1972-12-14 Grund Aebi S n c dei Geometra Caporale Franco e DAntonio Lucio, Piazzano di Atessa, Chieti (Italien) Rippenheizkorper
DE2615168A1 (de) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-27 Gartner & Co J Waermeuebertragungseinrichtung mit zumindest einem laengsrippen aufweisenden rohr
SE444977B (sv) * 1980-07-14 1986-05-20 Supercool Ab Anordning for kylning resp vermning av ett anordningen omgivande medium (luft) samt anvendning vid kylskap, varmhallningsutrymmen eller avfuktning
FR2491202B1 (fr) * 1980-10-01 1986-02-28 Air Liquide Rechauffeur atmospherique
FR2545594A1 (fr) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-09 Scoma Energie Echangeur de chaleur
DE3327893A1 (de) * 1983-08-02 1985-02-14 Joachim Dr.-Ing. 8070 Ingolstadt Hess Heizkoerper, insbesondere fuer kleine raeume
DE3416878A1 (de) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-14 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Heizgeraet, insbesondere fahrzeug-zusatzheizgeraet
JPS61144390U (fr) * 1985-02-27 1986-09-05
DE3639222C1 (en) * 1986-11-15 1988-07-07 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Air-heating device
DE3808061A1 (de) * 1988-03-11 1989-09-21 Eberspaecher J Anordnung zur absenkung der abgastemperatur bei heizeinrichtungen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0926453A2 (fr) 1997-12-23 1999-06-30 Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. Appareil de chauffage pour chauffer de l'air et/ou de l'eau
WO2008046384A1 (fr) * 2006-10-17 2008-04-24 Webasto Ag Dispositif de chauffage destiné à chauffer de l'eau et de l'air
EP3906782A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-10 Martin Hofmeir Dispositif de chauffage destiné à être utilisé dans un récipient à atmosphère explosive, en particulier destiné à la lutte contre les parasites et/ou au séchage, et procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur d'un dispositif de chauffage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ367092A3 (en) 1993-08-11
DE59206911D1 (de) 1996-09-19
HU9203699D0 (en) 1993-03-29
CZ281280B6 (cs) 1996-08-14
DE4116692A1 (de) 1992-11-26
HU214723B (hu) 1998-05-28
EP0544853A1 (fr) 1993-06-09
HUT62408A (en) 1993-04-28
WO1992020975A1 (fr) 1992-11-26

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