EP0536280A1 - Furniture polish concentrate and formulations - Google Patents
Furniture polish concentrate and formulationsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0536280A1 EP0536280A1 EP91912713A EP91912713A EP0536280A1 EP 0536280 A1 EP0536280 A1 EP 0536280A1 EP 91912713 A EP91912713 A EP 91912713A EP 91912713 A EP91912713 A EP 91912713A EP 0536280 A1 EP0536280 A1 EP 0536280A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- smear
- polish
- furniture
- siloxane copolymer
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
- C09G1/14—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances
- C09G1/16—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances on natural or synthetic resins
Definitions
- One aspect of the present invention is directed to a furniture polish concentrate. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to furniture polish compositions that are formulated from such a concentrate.
- the furniture polish concentrate of the present invention comprises dimethyl
- silicone and a poly (dimethyl)-co-poly(methyl, oxygen- containing) siloxane copolymer the structure of which is described hereinbelow.
- dimethyl silicones tend to deposit films which exhibit "bronzing". (To exhibit "bronzing” is to exhibit a tendency to streak.)
- dimethyl silicones many of which are of a liquid nature, naturally tend to smear because of their liquid nature.
- additives - - such as waxes, oils and/or surfactants - - into many of their dimethyl silicone-containing furniture polish formulations.
- the addition of such additives to a furniture polish formulation often produces undesirable effects.
- the addition of wax to such a polish formulation generally reduces the ability of the resultant polish film to exhibit total smear recovery; while the addition of oil and/or surfactant tends to make a smear more visible, which is generally undesirable.
- Depth-of-gloss one such light-reflectance property, relates to the ability, for example, of a polished lacquered furniture surface to reflect light.
- a polished lacquered furniture surface mentioned above, one particular depth-of-gloss value would become relatively more aesthetically pleasing to the eye in the event that a major portion of incident light rays should pass through the polish film (or films, if several) and through the lacquer, and thereafter should be reflected off of (or be absorbed by) the true or actual substrate surface, e.g. the actual wood-grained surface of the furniture.
- polish films which tend to exhibit less depth-of-gloss (i.e., high shine) also tend to exhibit smears that are less readily visible. Depth-of-gloss is thus considered yet another particularly important performance parameter, when
- dimethyl silicones are utilized in furniture polish compositions, in lieu of such film-forming ingredients as waxes and/or surfactants and/or oils, for purposes of improving depth-of-gloss.
- wax addition undesirably affects total smear recovery; and oil and/or surfactant addition undesirably affects smear visibility.
- a furniture polish composition formulated from such a concentrate can provide furniture surfaces with films that possess the depth-of-gloss qualities or values otherwise achieved through use of dimethyl silicone (which provides rich appearance), while maintaining some of the desirable smear-recovery properties, mentioned above, such as the exhibition of relatively less-visible smears (which are otherwise able to be provided by film-forming polish formulations consisting essentially of liquid ingredients only).
- a furniture polish concentrate wherein at least three aspects of smear recovery, as thus defined, can now be controlled when the concentrate of the present invention is utilized in the manufacture of a furniture polish formulation.
- the three aspects referred to above are (1) the speed of smear recovery, (2) the overall visibility properties of any particular smear, and (3) the degree to which a smeared polish film recovers to its original state after being smeared.
- One object of my invention is to provide furniture polish concentrates and polish compositions for furniture and other similar household items, wherein such polish compositions exhibit improved smear-recovery qualities.
- the furniture polish concentrate of the present invention comprises dimethyl silicone and a poly-(dimethyl)-co-poly(methyl, oxygen-containing) siloxane copolymer, structurally depicted as
- a 1 is Si-(-C H3 ) 3 ; wherein "A 2 " is O-Si-(-CH 3 ) 3 ;
- L is either -O- or is -COO-; wherein "n” is either 0 or is an integer value of 1 to 3 inclusive; wherein “R” is either -H, CH 3 , or -C 2 H 5 ; wherein “y” is about 18 to about 60 mole percent; and wherein the sum of "A 1 ", “A 2 ", “y” and “z” is 100 mole percent.
- the furniture polish concentrate of the present invention is specifically formulated for inclusion in or incorporation into film-forming polish compositions and/or formulations, for ultimate application to various household surfaces in general and furniture surfaces in particular. That is, such
- compositions or formulations are typically used for purposes of depositing liquid polish films onto furniture and other similar household items as well as a variety of other
- the concentrate of the present invention can thus be formulated into a wide assortment of creams, dispersions, emulsions and/or suspensions.
- Such compositions and/or formulations can be contained in - - or transported via - - any industrial or commercial container of suitable size.
- suitable size Preferably, in this regard, certain
- formulations of the furniture polish concentrate of the present invention can readily be contained in a wide variety of commercially-available containers such as aerosol
- compositions can otherwise be combined with other articles of manufacture.
- furniture polish compositions formulated from the concentrate of my present invention can be impregnated into porous materials. (See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,965,518 to Muoio.)
- a furniture polish concentrate comprising dimethyl silicone and a poly-(dimethyl)-copoly(methyl, oxygen-containing) siloxane copolymer, preferably structurally depicted as
- a 1 is Si-(-CH 3 ) 3 ; wherein "A 2 " is O-Si-(-CH 3 ) 3 ;
- B is (CH 2 ) i (M) j (L)(CH 2 CH 2 O) n R; wherein “i” is either 0 or an integer value of 3 to 8 inclusive; wherein “j” is either 1 when “i” is 0 or is 0 when “i” is 3 to 8 inclusive; wherein “M” is
- L is either -O- or is -COO-; wherein "n” is either 0 or is an integer value of 1 to 3 inclusive; wherein “R” is either -H, CH 3 , or -C2H5; wherein “y” is about 18 to about 60 mole percent; and wherein the sum of "A 1 ", “A 2 ", “y” and “z” is 100 mole percent.
- y is about 20 to about 55 mole percent; and, more preferably, "y" is about 20 to about 50 mole percent.
- the siloxane copolymer has a greater specific gravity than the dimethyl silicone.
- the siloxane copolymer has a specific gravity that is at least 0.001 times greater than the specific gravity of the dimethyl silicone.
- the siloxane copolymer preferably has a relatively greater viscosity than the dimethyl silicone.
- compatability with the dimethyl silicone ingredient of the concentrate, as well as certain other desirable physical properties necessary for exhibiting desirable smear-recovery qualities can be achieved when the "A 1 ", "A 2 ", and/or "B” groups contain certain other oxygen-containing and/or phenyl-containing groups.
- siloxane copolymer To predict which films will provide superior smear-recovery characteristics, it has been my experience to incorporate into the siloxane copolymer certain of the above-noted representative groups, for purposes of affecting certain physical properties of the thus-produced siloxane copolymer.
- Such physical properties of the siloxane copolymer include refractive index, viscosity, compatibility with the furniture lacquer surface, and specific gravity relative to the dimethyl silicone.
- dimethyl siloxane portion on the molecule i.e., the "y" portion of the molecule seems to be important for two
- dimethyl silicone A vast number of presently commercially-available dimethyl silicones, more technically referred to as “polydimethyl siloxanes” by certain individuals skilled in the art, are generally well known.
- dimethyl silicones which are particularly suitable for purposes of my present invention are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,576,779 to to Holdstock et al.; see also, in particular, pages 258-265 of a catalog titled “Petrarch Systems, Silanes and Silicones", published 1987, by Petrarch Systems of
- siloxane copolymer "B" is represented by the following structure
- another aspect or feature of the present invention is directed to a furniture polish composition that is formulated from the furniture polish concentrate of my invention. Still another aspect of the present invention is directed to an article of manufacture - - such as a porous pad - - which contains such a furniture polish formulation. Further aspects or features of the present invention will become readily more apparent to those skilled in the art upon readihg the following disclosure.
- Most furniture has a lacquer layer or film on at least a portion of the external surfaces thereof.
- a lacquer film typically has a refractive index of between about 1.49 and 1.53. Generally, the refractive index of such a lacquer film is about 1.50.
- the furniture polish concentrate of the present invention comprises two mutually-immiscible film-forming liquids, namely the dimethyl silicone ingredient and the poly(dimethyl) -copoly(methyl, oxygen-containing) siloxane ingredient, both of which are liquids at room temperature (i.e., 25°C).
- the two aboveidentified immiscible liquids form separate layers on the lacquered furniture surface.
- the dimethyl silicone forms the uppermost layer
- the poly (dimethyl) -copoly(methyl, oxygen-containing) siloxane forms an intermediate layer
- the furniture lacquer layer defines the true or "actual" surface of the furniture.
- the poly (dimethyl)-co-poly(methyl, oxygen-containing) siloxane possesses a relatively greater specific gravity than the dimethyl
- the specific gravity of the dimethyl silicone typically ranges between 0.90 and 0.97.
- dimethyl silicone and siloxane copolymer both liquids at room temperature, exhibit a tendency to naturally and readily separate into distinct layers. The result of such a tendency is a relatively more rapid recovery of the polish film into its layered structure after smearing.
- additives - - such as waxes, oils, and/or organic surfactants - - typically tend to have high refractive index values.
- any particular smear can also be controlled so as to maximize the viscosity-difference value, as between the siloxane copolymer and the dimethyl siloxane, with the siloxane copolymer having the greater viscosity value, thereby making it relatively more difficult to displace the siloxane copolymer from the true or actual substrate surface during smearing, particularly during "hard” smearing.
- hard smear connotes a
- Refractive index values were determined using an Abbe type of refractometer, well known to those skilled in the art. Such a refractometer measures the
- inventions can be formulated into furniture polish compositions possessing highly-desirable smear recovery qualities.
- the dimethyl silicone of the surface layer typically has a viscosity of about 5 centipoise ("cp") to about 1,000 cp.
- the dimethyl silicone has a viscosity of no more than about 100 cp; and, more preferably, no more than about 50 cp.
- “poise” is the so-called “cgs” unit of viscosity; that one poise is equivalent to one-hundred (100) centipoise (“cp”); that the term “stoke” is the so-called “cgs” unit of kinematic viscosity; that one stoke is equivalent to one-hundred (100) centistokes (“cstks”); that the so-called “cgs” unit of density is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter; and that the viscosity value is equivalent to the product of the kinematic viscosity and the density values. That is, the density value, expressed in cgs units, is arrived at by multiplying the kinematic viscosity value, as expressed in cgs units, by the density value, also expressed in cgs units.
- the above-identified siloxane typically has a viscosity of between 100 and 5,000 cp.
- the siloxane has a viscosity of between 400 and 4,000 cp; and, more preferably, the siloxane has a viscosity of between 2,500 and 3,000 cp.
- the intermediate layer preferably has a relatively greater viscosity than the surface layer.
- the liquid dimethyl silicone layer typically has a refractive index of between about 1.39 and about 1.40; and the above-identified liquid siloxane copolymer layer typically has a refractive index of between about 1.42 and about 1.46.
- the siloxane copolymer has a refractive index of about 1.43 to about 1.45.
- the furniture polish concentrates of my present invention are employed in furniture polish compositions or formulations in amounts ranging from about 0.5 to about 50 weight percent, based upon the total weight of a specified composition (exclusive of any propellant), with concentrations of about 1 to about 10 weight percent being preferred, and with concentrations of about 1 to about 5 weight percent being even more preferred.
- any particular furniture polish concentrate, utilized in such a specified composition is not critical. Indeed, those skilled in the art can well
- Emulsifier additives such as emulsifier, to make a particularly desired film.
- Emulsifier additives are selected, for example, based on such criteria as their ability to form an emulsion, their inherent inability to decrease the incompatible nature between the surface and sublayer film beyond desirable limits, and their effect on the overall viscosity, refractive index, and specific gravity of either layer.
- thus-added emulsifiers or surfactants may either reside in the liquid dimethyl silicone layer, or in the liquid siloxane copolymer layer, or in both of these layers; or may reside in still another layer, such as in an interface layer between the two above-mentioned layers.
- polish compositions of my present invention can be either oil-in-water (i.e. so-called “water out”) emulsions or water-in-oil (i.e. so-called “oil out”) emulsions.
- water out oil-in-water
- oil-in-oil water-in-oil
- surfactant or emulsifier
- combination of surfactants or emulsifiers
- emulsion is generally recognized as connoting a stable mixture of two or more mutually immiscible liquids held in suspension by small percentages of substances called
- All emulsions are characterized as comprising a continuous phase and a
- siloxane copolymer ingredient of the furniture polish concentrate of my present invention functions as an
- the furniture polish compositions of my present invention can be formulated as emulsions utilizing only the furniture polish concentrate of my present invention.
- those skilled in the art may want to incorporate certain other emulsifiers or
- the various solvents and optional surfactants described below are typically those conventionally used in furniture polish compositions.
- suitable solvents include, in general, water, and the
- any solvents that are utilized in preparing the emulsion polish compositions of this invention should be sufficiently volatile so as to bring about rapid drying after the composition has been applied to a substrate surface, and yet, not so volatile as to prematurely dry up before desired spreading of the composition onto the substrate surface (for purposes of providing a desired film) has taken place.
- certain solvents deemed particularly useful, in accordance with the principles of my present invention have so-called "kauri-butanol” values of from about 20 to about 50, and have boiling-point ranges of from about 60 degrees Celsius (“oC") to about 210oC, and preferably from about 95oC to about 150°C.
- oC degrees Celsius
- isoparaffinic hydrocarbon solvents such as those commercially available from the Exxon Corporation under the "Isopar” brand as well as the isoparaffinic-type hydrocarbon solvents commercially available from the Phillips Petroleum Corporation under the “Soltrols” brand, are moreover presently preferred because they are substantially odor-free.
- Suitable hydrocarbon solvents include hexane, heptane and the so-called “Stoddard" solvents.
- Any hydrocarbon solvent that is utilized can be present in amounts of from about 0.15 to about 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the emulsion polish composition
- such a hydrocarbon solvent will be present in an amount of from about 1.0 to about 25 percent, with about 5 to about 20 weight percent being even more preferred.
- all emulsions comprise a continuous phase and a discontinuous phase. While the amount of surfactant (or emulsifier) present in the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention is not critical, it is to be understood that the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention must include an amount of surfactant (or emulsifier), or an amount of combinations of surfactants (or emulsifiers), for effectively dispersing the discontinuous phase throughout the continuous phase. As I mentioned above, I have found the siloxane copolymer ingredient to be entirely acceptable, for purposes of achieving such a result. Other polish formulators (skilled in the art), however, may wish to incorporate optional surfactant.
- surfactants as well as certain combinations of conventional non-ionic surfactants, are optionally utilized because they provide certain desirable emulsion-stability properties.
- optional non-ionic surfactants suitable for purposes of my present invention, accordingly include, but are not limited to, the so-called "sorbitan” esters of oleic and lauric acids; those polyethoxylated sorbitan esters having up to 20 ethoxy units; the so-called "sorbitan” esters of oleic and lauric acids; those polyethoxylated sorbitan esters having up to 20 ethoxy units; the so-called "sorbitan” esters of oleic and lauric acids; those polyethoxylated sorbitan esters having up to 20 ethoxy units; the so-called "sorbitan” esters of oleic and lauric acids; those polyethoxylated sorbitan esters having up to 20 ethoxy units; the so-called "sorbitan” esters of oleic and lauric acids; those polyethoxylated sorbitan esters having up to 20 ethoxy units; the so-called
- non-ionic surfactants include certain "Span” brand and “Tween” brand emulsifiers, both presently available from ICI Americas, Inc.; and the "Monamid” brand emulsifiers, presently available from Mona Industries, Inc.
- Particular examples of such emulsifiers include sorbitan monooleate, sold by ICI Americas, Inc., under the "SPAN 80" brand; sorbitan monolaurate, sold by ICI Americas, Inc., under the "SPAN 20” brand; and sorbitan monopalmitate, sold by ICI Americas, Inc., under the "SPAN 40” brand.
- Mixtures of the various above-mentioned optional surfactants (or emulsifiers) can also be utilized, if desired, in accordance with the principles of my present invention.
- quaternary ammonium compounds such as the quaternary ammonium halides, the quaternary ammonium sulfates, those so-called "fatty" amines which are ethoxylated and have about 2 to about 10 moles of ethylene oxide, and the chloride salts or acetate salts of such amines, as well as those amines which are ethoxylated and have 2 or more moles of ethylene oxide.
- Various mixtures or combinations of the above-noted optional surfactants (or emulsifiers) can also be utilized by those skilled in the art, in accordance with the principles of my invention, if desired.
- optional anionic surfactants or emulsifiers suitable for purposes of my present invention, include certain sulfates (such as sodium lauryl sulfate and the sodium alkyl ether sulfates), those sulfosuccinates containing polyethylene glycol moieties attached thereto, as well as the alkyl aryl sulfonates. Mixtures of the above optional surfactants (or emulsifiers) can also be utilized, in accordance with the principles of my present invention, if desired.
- the optional surfactants (or emulsifiers), mentioned above, can be present in the compositions of my present invention in amounts ranging from about 0 to about 10 weight percent, be a ⁇ on the total weight of my emulsion
- polish composition exclusive of any propellant, if present, with from about 0.0 to about 1.0 weight percent being
- Certain emulsion polish compositions of this invention may also contain water as the principal constituent of the
- water will therefore make up the balance of such water-containing emulsion polish compositions, taking into account the active ingredients noted above; and such balance amount of water is accordingly present in an amount ranging from about 2 to about 99 weight percent, based upon the total weight of the composition (exclusive of any propellant, if present), with concentrations of about 66 to about 93 weight percent being preferred.
- the most preferred emulsion polish compositions of this invention are totally wax-free. However, it may be desirable, in certain situations, to utilize a relatively minor amount of wax in specific formulations.
- waxes suitable for purposes of my invention, accordingly include, but are not limited to, certain synthetic waxes such as the
- Still other well-known additives including but not limited to perfumes and preservatives such as formaldehyde, may optionally be added to the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention.
- Perfumes are typically added, for example, to impart a desired fragrance.
- Conventional perfumes, suitable for purposes of my present invention, are well known to those skilled in the art and accordingly need not be described in detail here.
- the amount of perfume which is included is typically present in an amount that is effective for imparting a desired fragrance intensity.
- Such an amount of perfume can range, for example, from about 0.05 to about 1 weight percent, based upon the total weight of the emulsion polish composition (exclusive of any propellant, if present).
- Preservatives typically formaldehyde
- Preservatives are generally utilized to retard or otherwise thwart undesired bacterial activity within packages containing certain formulations of the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention.
- the presence of such preservatives is for prolonging the shelf life of the thus-formulated emulsion polish composition product.
- a variety of well-known conventional quaternary compounds can moreover be utilized for such a purpose.
- emulsion polish compositions of my present invention can be applied directly onto a substrate surface, utilizing e.g. a wide variety of well-known
- the emulsion polish compositions can be applied directly onto a substrate surface, utilizing well-known spray means such as conventional pump sprayers. Additionally, the emulsion polish compositions can be applied to furniture surfaces, utilizing a polishing cloth, or other suitable means. Still further, the furniture polish compositions can be incorporated into
- articles of manufacture - - such as absorbent cloths - - if desired. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,965,518 to Muoio.
- the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention can be provided in aerosol form.
- the emulsion polish composition is typically introduced into a conventional aerosol container which is then capped with an aerosol valve. Thereafter, an effective amount of a suitable, conventional propellant is introduced into the aerosol container, in a known manner, for achieving a desired pressure in the
- propellant pressure should therefore be sufficient for enabling substantially complete expulsion of the aerosol container-contained ingredients, in the form of a spray in the desired manner, through the aerosol valve.
- propellants include, for example, carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen.
- the aerosol form of the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention typically contain between about 5 and about 30 weight percent of propellant, based upon the total weight of the propellant-containing emulsion polish composition of the present invention.
- the weight percentage or concentration of optional propellant ingredient is not critical and thus can vary widely depending on the desired end use.
- the precise method of manufacturing the polish compositions of this invention is not critical.
- the order and/or manner of addition of the various emulsion polish composition ingredients, mentioned above, may accordingly generally be varied and typically will not affect the quality of a particular emulsion polish composition which is thus being formulated or produced.
- Conventional techniques for forming water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsion polishes are accordingly typically used to produce the various embodiments of the emulsion polish compositions of my present invention.
- the so-called "wax-free” emulsion polish composition embodiments of the present invention are prepared utilizing a known, so-called “cold-blend” process.
- one conventional cold-blend processing method suitable for purposes of my present invention, comprises charging the oil-phase ingredients (namely, for example, a suitable hydrocarbon solvent, the siloxane copolymer, and optional surfactant and fragrance ingredients, if present) into a vessel of suitable dimension, preferably equipped with agitation means, and thereafter mixing the oil-phase ingredients until a
- aqueousphase ingredients e.g. preservative
- water and any other aqueousphase ingredients may next be slowly added to the vessel, while maintaining a moderate degree or amount of agitation, to thereby produce the desired emulsion polish composition.
- the resulting composition can then e.g. be homogenized by passing such emulsion polish composition through a 3/64 inch diameter orifice, utilizing a 60 to 80 psig pressure drop across the orifice.
- Wax if a component of the emulsion polish composition of my present invention, should be incorporated into the oil-phase ingredients; and the resultant mixture may then be heated to a temperature sufficient to melt the wax and achieve a homogeneous mixture. After the addition of water and any other ingredients, the wax-containing composition may then either be cooled directly, utilizing commercial cooling means, or may be allowed to cool to room temperature (i.e. 25°C) and may thereafter preferably be homogenized.
- room temperature i.e. 25°C
- DMS Dimethyl Siloxane
- centistokes (cstks) together with the siloxane
- centistokes together with the tabulated siloxane copolymer constituted the concentrate.
- ISOPAR a registered trademark of the Exxon Company of Houston, Texas, is representative of a line of
- isoparaffin solvents as "Isopar C", “Isopar E”, “Isopar G”, “Isopar H”, “Isopar K”, “Isopar L”, and “Isopar M”.
- Isopar C isoparaffin solvents as "Isopar C", “Isopar E”, “Isopar G”, “Isopar H”, “Isopar K”, “Isopar L”, and “Isopar M”.
- CH 2 O Formaldehyde
- a micro-wax ingredient is typically utilized to "anchor" the furniture polish formulation onto a particular substrate surface.
- the siloxane copolymer ingredient serves such a "filmanchoring" function; and a micro-wax ingredient was not included.
- paraffin is also typically incorporated into conventional furniture polish formulations to "anchor" the polish film to the substrate surface.
- Each of the tabulated furniture polish formulations was prepared by weighing out 1.9 grams of siloxane copolymer, 5.6 grams of dimethyl silicone, and 25.0 grams of "Isopar C” solvent, all at room temperature (i.e., 25°C).
- ingredients were then introduced into a 9-ounce commercially-available screw-top glass jar, and thereafter stirred with a conventional laboratory stirrer, at room temperature, until a uniform mixture was obtained.
- the above-indicated proportions of formaldehyde and water were weighed out into a beaker and thereafter slowly added to the jar-contained mixture, while continuing stirring of the jar contents, to produce a water-in-oil emulsion.
- 80 grams of the thusproduced water-in-oil emulsion were weighed out and thereafter introduced into a conventional aerosol container having a volume of 162 milliliters. The aerosol container was then pressurized with about 8.77 to about 8.98 grams of a
- propellant-containing formulation having a pressure of about 27 to about 32 pounds per square inch gauge (“psig”) at 70 degrees
- the propellant utilized consisted of 34 weight percent propane, 26 weight percent isobutane, and 40 weight percent n-butane.
- a propellant for the aerosol container, a
- Each of the tabulated conventional furniture polish formulations was prepared by weighing out 2 grams of "Span 80" (brand) surfactant, 22 grams of dimethyl silicone, 1.2 grams of micro-wax, 0.6 grams of refined paraffin, and 80 grams of "Isopar C” solvent into a 1000-milliliter stainless steel beaker, and heating the stainless steel beaker contents to a temperature of about 150-160°F until the wax melted. The stainless steel beaker contents were then mixed, while
- FORMICA is occasionally used - - albeit improperly - - as a generic term for high-pressure laminated sheets of melamine and phenolic plastics for decorative applications as surfacing; insulating material; adhesives for bonding laminated plastic to other surfaces; flakeboard for use as corestock with laminated plastic; and industrial plastics using various thermosetting resins, combined with various base materials for electrical, mechanical and chemical applications.
- FORMICA is a trademark of the Formica Corporation, which is a subsidiary of the American Cyanamid Company of Cincinnati, Ohio.
- each such test panel was placed on a conventional smear-measuring device.
- the smear-measuring device which I used, and which is referred to as a "9281 B Measurement Platform" is commercially-available from the Kistler Instrument Company of Amherst, New York.
- test panel-applied furniture polish formulation was smeared with a finger and with a knuckle, four (4) times, with downward pressure, which varied between about 0.15
- Each such finger smear was about one-half (1/2) of an inch wide; and each such knuckle smear was about three-sixteenths (3/16) of an inch wide.
- test panel-applied furniture polish formulation was then evaluated for initial visibility-of-smear as well as for visibility-of-smear after 20-26 hours of film aging.
- the degree-of-smear was visually rated using the
- a Murakami brand, model GP-1R, commercially-available Goniophotometer, specifically outfitted with a solenoid-driven swing arm was utilized. Attached to the swing arm was a 3/4 inch-wide smear medium.
- the smear medium consisted of a plurality of contacting, parallel strands of either 220 or
- Each such strand comprised an elongated, generally linear portion and a unitary, generally "C"-shaped portion at one end of the linear strand.
- Each such monofilament line strand was generally disposed, relative to a test substrate coupon, such that the generally linear strand portion was generally perpendicular to the test substrate while the curved portion of the monofilament strand rested on the surface of the test substrate.
- each such strand of the plurality was disposed such that the curved portion of each such filament came into contact with the substrate, thereby to assure substantially complete contact of the plural strands over the test substrate area being smeared.
- Each test substrate consisted of a 2.25-inch by 2.25-inch square of 1/8 inch-thick pieces of clear glass having a refractive index of about 1.50 to 1.52. It is important, for this procedure, that the lacquer and the glass have refractive index values that are about the same.
- Each such clear piece of glass moreover, was coated with 1.25 grams of high-gloss nitrocellulose-containing furniture lacquer. Such lacquer included about 21.3 wt.-% non-volatile material.
- the glass-applied lacquer was cured slowly under a watch glass on a level surface, thereby to assure a smooth uniform finish on the piece of glass.
- the back of each such glass test slide was thus coated with a black lacquer to eliminate reflection from that surface.
- the lacquer-applied side of each such piece of glass had a refractive index of between 1.50 and 1.53.
- Each slide-and-panel assembly was thereafter polished twice with a corresponding one of the ten (10) furniture polish formulations, utilizing a soft cloth.
- the weight of each such thus-treated glass slide was determined via analytical balance, for determining (by difference) the weight of each such thus-deposited polish film.
- the thickness of the thus-deposited polish film was then determined
- each test slide was inserted into the specimen holder of the Goniophotometer; and the 15 degree incident specular reflectance of the test surface was then measured directly.
- the solenoid-driven arm was activated to smear the test film. Such smearing resulted in a decrease in specular reflection of the test film.
- r. Smear time is measured in milliseconds.
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Abstract
On décrit un concentré d'encaustique pour meubles, ainsi qu'une composition d'encaustique pour meubles formulée à partir d'un tel concentré. Celui-ci se compose de silicone diméthylique et d'un copolymère de siloxane poly-(diméthylique)-co-poly(méthylique, contenant de l'oxygène), dont la structure est décrite comme suit (I), où A1 représente Si-(-CH3)3; où A2 représente O-Si-(-CH3)3; où B représente (CH2)i(M)j(L)(CH2CH2O)nR; où i représente 0 ou un nombre entier de 3 à 8 inclusivement; où j représente 1 lorsque i représente 0 ou représente 0 lorsque i représente de 3 à 8 inclusivement; où M représente (II) où L représente soit -O- soit -COO-; où n représente soit 0 ou un nombre entier de 1 à 3 inclusivement; où R représente soit -H, CH3, ou -C2H5; où y représente environ 18 ou environ 60 mol %; et où la somme de A1, A2, y et z représente 100 mol %.A furniture polish concentrate is described, as well as a furniture polish composition formulated from such a concentrate. This consists of dimethyl silicone and a poly (dimethyl) -co-poly (methyl, oxygen-containing) siloxane copolymer, the structure of which is described as follows (I), where A1 represents Si- (-CH3) 3; where A2 represents O-Si - (- CH3) 3; where B represents (CH2) i (M) j (L) (CH2CH2O) nR; where i represents 0 or an integer from 3 to 8 inclusive; where j represents 1 when i represents 0 or represents 0 when i represents from 3 to 8 inclusive; where M represents (II) where L represents either -O- or -COO-; where n represents either 0 or an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive; where R represents either -H, CH3, or -C2H5; where y represents about 18 or about 60 mol%; and where the sum of A1, A2, y and z represents 100 mol%.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US54360590A | 1990-06-25 | 1990-06-25 | |
US543605 | 1990-06-25 | ||
US07/576,090 US5112394A (en) | 1990-06-25 | 1990-08-28 | Furniture polish concentrate and formulations |
US576090 | 1990-08-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0536280A1 true EP0536280A1 (en) | 1993-04-14 |
EP0536280A4 EP0536280A4 (en) | 1993-05-26 |
Family
ID=27067384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19910912713 Withdrawn EP0536280A4 (en) | 1990-06-25 | 1991-06-18 | Furniture polish concentrate and formulations |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0536280A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2986911B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU643054B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2085898C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ238649A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992000288A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5174813A (en) * | 1991-11-07 | 1992-12-29 | Dow Corning Corporation | Polish containing derivatized amine functional organosilicon compounds |
US5531814A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1996-07-02 | Dow Corning Corporation | Self-leveling silicone polish |
US5681377A (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-10-28 | Lohr; Robert H. | Wax-free furniture polish with silicone components |
GB9722321D0 (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 1997-12-17 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Composition and process for treating hard surfaces |
US6352582B1 (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2002-03-05 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Composition and process for treating hard surfaces |
GB2368068B (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2003-05-21 | Reckitt Benckiser | Improvements in or relating to organic compositions |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA746973A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | S. Pater Anton | Aqueous emulsion of organopolysiloxane mixtures | |
GB2175000A (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-11-19 | Dow Corning | Novel polish compositions |
JPS6254759A (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1987-03-10 | Shiseido Co Ltd | Gel composition containing silicone oil |
EP0377209A2 (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-07-11 | General Electric Company | Improved silicone surfactants |
WO1991017223A1 (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1991-11-14 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Film-forming emulsion polish compositions containing copolymeric siloxanes |
EP0379677B1 (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1995-07-19 | General Electric Company | Silicone surfactants |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4218250A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-08-19 | Dow Corning Corporation | Polish formulations |
US4936914A (en) * | 1988-12-20 | 1990-06-26 | S. C. Johnson & Con, Inc. | Film-forming emulsion polish compositions containing copolymeric siloxanes |
-
1991
- 1991-06-18 WO PCT/US1991/004296 patent/WO1992000288A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-06-18 EP EP19910912713 patent/EP0536280A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-06-18 AU AU82021/91A patent/AU643054B2/en not_active Expired
- 1991-06-18 CA CA002085898A patent/CA2085898C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-18 JP JP3512093A patent/JP2986911B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-21 NZ NZ238649A patent/NZ238649A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA746973A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | S. Pater Anton | Aqueous emulsion of organopolysiloxane mixtures | |
GB2175000A (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-11-19 | Dow Corning | Novel polish compositions |
JPS6254759A (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1987-03-10 | Shiseido Co Ltd | Gel composition containing silicone oil |
EP0379677B1 (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1995-07-19 | General Electric Company | Silicone surfactants |
EP0377209A2 (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-07-11 | General Electric Company | Improved silicone surfactants |
WO1991017223A1 (en) * | 1990-05-03 | 1991-11-14 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Film-forming emulsion polish compositions containing copolymeric siloxanes |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPIL Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 87-106175 & JP-A-62 054 759 (SHISEIDO KK.) 10 March 1987 * |
See also references of WO9200288A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH05508875A (en) | 1993-12-09 |
AU643054B2 (en) | 1993-11-04 |
CA2085898A1 (en) | 1991-12-26 |
NZ238649A (en) | 1992-08-26 |
JP2986911B2 (en) | 1999-12-06 |
AU8202191A (en) | 1992-01-23 |
EP0536280A4 (en) | 1993-05-26 |
WO1992000288A1 (en) | 1992-01-09 |
CA2085898C (en) | 1995-10-10 |
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