EP0535763A2 - Elément d'alimentation de puissance - Google Patents

Elément d'alimentation de puissance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0535763A2
EP0535763A2 EP92250211A EP92250211A EP0535763A2 EP 0535763 A2 EP0535763 A2 EP 0535763A2 EP 92250211 A EP92250211 A EP 92250211A EP 92250211 A EP92250211 A EP 92250211A EP 0535763 A2 EP0535763 A2 EP 0535763A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
supply unit
voltage
transformer
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92250211A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0535763B1 (fr
EP0535763A3 (en
Inventor
Helfried Schurz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0535763A2 publication Critical patent/EP0535763A2/fr
Publication of EP0535763A3 publication Critical patent/EP0535763A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0535763B1 publication Critical patent/EP0535763B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/126—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/121—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves using magnetic induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/12—Visible signals
    • B61L5/18—Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders
    • B61L5/1809—Daylight signals
    • B61L5/1881—Wiring diagrams for power supply, control or testing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power supply unit for data processing systems, in particular evaluation and coding circuits of punctiform train control devices.
  • the signal term indicated on the light signal is transmitted in coded form to the receiving coil of passing rail vehicles via a fixed track coupling coil.
  • the information about the type of signal term displayed is taken from evaluation and coding circuits which are either remotely powered or supplied with energy induced by the vehicle driving past when the power consumption is low.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a power supply unit of the type mentioned at the outset which allows the supply voltage for the evaluation and coding circuits arranged at the location of the track coupling coil to be taken from the signal circuits.
  • the additionally connected circuits When realizing such a power supply unit, care must be taken to ensure that the additionally connected circuits are decoupled well from the signal circuits. Furthermore, the effects of the additionally connected circuits on the signal circuits (deformation of the signal current) should be as small as possible and largely independent of their power consumption and the size of the signal current. In addition, a uniform supply of the additionally connected circuits is necessary both with different values of the signal current (day / night switching) as well as with clocked current (flashing signal term). In addition, the supply voltages to be provided must meet certain quality requirements because they are used to operate data processing systems. The voltage level is therefore closely tolerated (approx. ⁇ 5%).
  • a transformer operating according to the current transformer principle is inserted into the signal circuit.
  • An alternating current flowing in the signal circuit creates an alternating voltage on the secondary winding of the transformer, which charges an energy storage device to a constant intermediate voltage via a rectifier arrangement and a decoupling device. From this intermediate voltage, the tightly tolerated and galvanically isolated supply voltages for operating the data-processing evaluation and coding circuits are obtained via a voltage converter device.
  • the controllable rectifier arrangement keeps the intermediate voltage constant within predetermined limits.
  • the rectifier arrangement is short-circuited at its output connections whenever the intermediate voltage exceeds a predetermined upper limit value - because the current supplied by the transmitter and predetermined by the signal circuit is generally greater than that drawn by the consumers. All of the electricity offered by the transformer can now flow freely. If this current flow were hindered, there would be saturation phenomena in the current transformer with undesired deformations of the signal current. As long as the output connections of the rectifier arrangement are short-circuited the decoupling device separates the subsequent part of the power supply device from the energy source and the intermediate voltage gradually drops during this time.
  • the rectifier arrangement is again connected to the subsequent part of the power supply device.
  • the output connections of the controllable rectifier arrangement are no longer short-circuited and the energy storage device is recharged.
  • the frequency of short-circuiting the output connections of the rectifier arrangement is determined by the limit values of the intermediate voltage, by the time constant of the load and by the current supply of the signal circuit.
  • the rectifier arrangement of the power supply unit according to the invention is preferably designed as a full-wave rectifier circuit. It is then particularly advantageous to choose a rectifier bridge (claim 6) instead of a center connection of rectifier diodes. Compared to the center circuit, on the one hand only half the transformer voltage is required, on the other hand the maximum reverse voltage at a rectifier diode is only half as large as with a center circuit.
  • the power supply unit can have voltage-limiting circuits (claims 9 to 11).
  • the secondary AC voltage occurring at the transformer is limited by series-connected zener diodes arranged parallel to the secondary winding of the transformer.
  • the voltage limiter circuits arranged in the power supply units respond to open outputs or defective rectifier arrangements.
  • Fig. 1 denotes a signal circuit, in which a feed transformer 2 is connected with its tapped secondary winding 22.
  • the feed transformer 2 lies here with the connections of its primary winding 21 on an AC network of the signal box.
  • a signal lamp 3 located on the line, a variable series resistor 4 for fine adjustment of the lamp current and a current monitoring relay 5 are also connected in series.
  • the transformer 6 is connected with its primary winding 61 in series with the other components arranged in the signal circuit 1.
  • the transformer 6 is followed by a rectifier arrangement 7 with a subsequent control device 8, the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as a rectifier bridge is executed.
  • the control device 8 essentially consists of a control element 81 and a switching element 82.
  • the control device shown in FIG. 1 is a two-point controller, in which a power field-effect transistor can be provided as the switching element 82 (FIG. 5).
  • an operational amplifier is provided as the control element 81, which switches the power field-effect transistor 82 via a driver circuit 83.
  • the rectifier bridge 7 is connected with its input connections to the connection terminals of the secondary winding 62 of the transformer 6. Furthermore, the rectifier bridge 7 is connected via its output connections to inputs of a voltage converter device 9. The voltage converter device 9 is finally led with its outputs to a data processing evaluation and coding circuit 10.
  • a decoupling diode 11 is connected to the output of the rectifier bridge 7. Furthermore, an energy storage device 12 is arranged parallel to the rectifier bridge 7 and to the voltage converter device 9, which in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 consists of two storage capacitors.
  • An alternating current (signal current I S ) flowing in the signal circuit 1 produces an alternating voltage on the secondary winding 62 of the transformer 6, which charges the storage capacitors 12 to a constant intermediate voltage U Z via the rectifier bridge 7 and the decoupling diode 11. From this intermediate voltage U Z , the narrow-tolerance and galvanically separated supply voltages for operating the data-processing evaluation and coding circuit 10 are obtained via the voltage converter device 9.
  • the intermediate voltage U Z kept constant within specified limits. Whenever the intermediate voltage U Z exceeds a predetermined upper limit value, because the current supplied by the transmitter 6 and predetermined by the signal circuit 1 is generally greater than that drawn by the evaluation and coding circuit 10, the switching element 82 closes the rectifier bridge 7 at its Output connections short. The entire current offered by the transformer 6 can now continue to flow unhindered. If this current flow were hindered, there would be saturation phenomena in the current transformer (in the converter 6) with undesirable deformations of the signal current I S. As long as the switching element 82 is closed, the decoupling diode 11 separates the subsequent part of the power supply device from the energy source, the intermediate voltage U Z gradually drops during this time.
  • the decoupling diode 11 prevents the storage capacitors 12 from discharging via the closed switching element 82. If the intermediate voltage U Z falls below a predetermined lower limit value, the control element 81 of the control device 8 opens the switching element 82 and the storage capacitors 12 are recharged.
  • the frequency of switching is determined by the distance between the specified upper and lower limit of the intermediate voltage U Z , by the time constant of the load and by the current supply from the current source.
  • edges in the area of the zero crossings represent start and end pieces of sine half-waves with very large ones Represents the amplitude that would occur with the secondary winding open; that applies only as long as U2 (t) ⁇ - so if the rectifier diodes of the rectifier bridge 7 block.
  • the control device 8 can be designed as a generally customary parallel controller or as a periodically short-circuiting two-point controller.
  • the current is controlled by a regulating device through a load resistor arranged in parallel in front of the voltage converters on the output side in such a way that the intermediate voltage U Z remains constant.
  • the excess power is used uselessly.
  • the control device 8 can advantageously be designed as a periodically short-circuiting two-point controller.
  • the load circuit of the parallel regulator is then replaced by a low-loss, periodically closing switching element 82 (e.g. transistor, preferably a power field-effect transistor), the duty cycle of which is controlled by a control element 81 so that the intermediate voltage U Z remains constant.
  • switching element 82 e.g. transistor, preferably a power field-effect transistor
  • the two-point controller 8 thus alternately loads or shorts the transformer 6 with the input resistance of the consumer.
  • this two-point controller offers two major advantages.
  • the voltage drop U 1 arising on the primary winding 61 of the decoupling transformer 6 is essentially determined by the resistance of the consumer on the output side and not by additional losses caused by a high-performance parallel regulator.
  • the voltage drop U 1 does not also increase with increasing signal current I S , but remains constant or drops slightly - depending on the losses occurring in the transformer 6. These important property ensures constant conditions in the signal circuit 1 even with different currents (day / night switching).
  • a measured voltage curve U1 f (I S ) is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the operating points at night current (N) and at day current (T) are designated by N and T, respectively.
  • the voltage converter device 9 is designed for an input voltage U E of 14 to 25 V, so that constant output voltages can be provided even with a flashing signal term and consequently intermittent signal current I S.
  • the prerequisite for this is that the storage capacitors 12 have a sufficiently large capacitance.
  • the transformer windings additionally shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, each not provided with reference numerals, each with a subsequent rectifier bridge indicate that the power supply unit according to the invention is also suitable for extracting energy from a plurality of signal circuits.
  • the two-point controller 8 comprises an operational amplifier 81 which acts as a comparator and which switches the power field-effect transistor 82 via a driver circuit.
  • the frequency and duration of the switch-on is determined by the position of the switching thresholds (comparator hysteresis), the time constant of the load and the current supply of the power source.
  • the power supply units according to FIGS. 1 and 5 are also protected against harmful overvoltages by voltage-limiting circuits.
  • the voltage limiter circuit 14 connected in parallel to the storage capacitors 12 and the voltage converter device 9 is provided.
  • the voltage limiter circuit 14 comprises a transistor 141, the collector of which is connected via a resistor 142 to the “+” connection of the storage capacitors 12.
  • the emitter of transistor 141 is connected to the "-" terminal of the storage capacitors 12.
  • the transistor 141 is controlled via a zener diode 143 and the tap of a voltage divider 144 connected in series therewith.
  • the same transformer 6 as for the energy coupling can be used for the information coupling not explained here, if an additional coupling winding is applied for this.
  • Another possibility for coupling out information is to insert a low-resistance measuring resistor (for example 1 ohm) into the “-” line of the rectifier bridge 7 in order to be able to tap a voltage drop that is proportional to the current.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
EP92250211A 1991-09-30 1992-08-11 Elément d'alimentation de puissance Expired - Lifetime EP0535763B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4133090A DE4133090A1 (de) 1991-09-30 1991-09-30 Stromversorgungseinheit
DE4133090 1991-09-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0535763A2 true EP0535763A2 (fr) 1993-04-07
EP0535763A3 EP0535763A3 (en) 1995-04-05
EP0535763B1 EP0535763B1 (fr) 1997-06-25

Family

ID=6442131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92250211A Expired - Lifetime EP0535763B1 (fr) 1991-09-30 1992-08-11 Elément d'alimentation de puissance

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0535763B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE154788T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4133090A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0535763T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2104818T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3024549T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0957020A1 (fr) * 1998-05-12 1999-11-17 Alcatel Alimentation de courant pour un consommateur électrique dans la zone d'un aiguillage et dispositif de diagnostic pour un aiguillage
EP2773010A1 (fr) * 2013-03-01 2014-09-03 Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux Générateur d'énergie électrique, alimentation électrique, capteur comportant une telle alimentation électrique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406856B (de) * 1998-05-20 2000-10-25 Vae Ag Schaltungsanordnung zur überwachung von betriebskenndaten von eisenbahntechnischen sicherheitsmeldeanlagen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1755987A1 (de) * 1968-07-19 1971-12-30 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer ein ferngesteuertes und fernueberwachtes Lichtsignal mit oertlicher Spannungsversorgung
FR2389140A1 (fr) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-24 Robert Jean Dispositif pour controler en permanence le bon fonctionnement d'un circuit electrique
DE4038267A1 (de) * 1989-12-04 1991-06-06 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur punktweisen daten- und energieuebertragung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1755987A1 (de) * 1968-07-19 1971-12-30 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer ein ferngesteuertes und fernueberwachtes Lichtsignal mit oertlicher Spannungsversorgung
FR2389140A1 (fr) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-24 Robert Jean Dispositif pour controler en permanence le bon fonctionnement d'un circuit electrique
DE4038267A1 (de) * 1989-12-04 1991-06-06 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur punktweisen daten- und energieuebertragung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0957020A1 (fr) * 1998-05-12 1999-11-17 Alcatel Alimentation de courant pour un consommateur électrique dans la zone d'un aiguillage et dispositif de diagnostic pour un aiguillage
EP2773010A1 (fr) * 2013-03-01 2014-09-03 Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux Générateur d'énergie électrique, alimentation électrique, capteur comportant une telle alimentation électrique
FR3002810A1 (fr) * 2013-03-01 2014-09-05 Inst Francais Des Sciences Et Technologies Des Transports De Lamenagement Et Des Reseaux Generateur d'energie electrique, alimentation electrique, capteur comportant une telle alimentation electrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2104818T3 (es) 1997-10-16
ATE154788T1 (de) 1997-07-15
EP0535763B1 (fr) 1997-06-25
DE4133090A1 (de) 1993-04-01
DE59208644D1 (de) 1997-07-31
DK0535763T3 (da) 1998-02-02
GR3024549T3 (en) 1997-12-31
EP0535763A3 (en) 1995-04-05

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