EP0533142B1 - Process for making ceramic vessels with handles and press mould for pressing such vessels - Google Patents

Process for making ceramic vessels with handles and press mould for pressing such vessels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0533142B1
EP0533142B1 EP92115856A EP92115856A EP0533142B1 EP 0533142 B1 EP0533142 B1 EP 0533142B1 EP 92115856 A EP92115856 A EP 92115856A EP 92115856 A EP92115856 A EP 92115856A EP 0533142 B1 EP0533142 B1 EP 0533142B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
attachment
points
handles
vessels
vessel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92115856A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0533142A1 (en
Inventor
Günther Dipl.-Ing. Söthje
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Erich Netzsch GmbH and Co Holding KG
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Erich Netzsch GmbH and Co Holding KG
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Publication of EP0533142A1 publication Critical patent/EP0533142A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/02—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for attaching appendages, e.g. handles, spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • vessel bodies prefferably be formed on a potter's wheel or roller machine from dough-like ceramic mass and then to be dried at least as hard as leather, and for handles to also be formed from dough-like ceramic mass, to be dried and then to be attached to the vessel body.
  • the body of the vessel can be destroyed or deformed in an undesirable manner if it has been dried and solidified less than the associated handle before it is attached to it.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 in which from a vessel body which has been formed on a turntable from pasty ceramic mass and then pre-dried, two arranged on a common surface line at a distance one above the other Holes are punched out.
  • the associated handle is pressed in a mold and provided with pins which are inserted into the holes when the handle is attached to the vessel body and from the inside in the manner of rivets be upset. This results in a stronger connection of the handle to the vessel wall and achieves the exact position of the handle relative to the vessel body that is necessary for certain cases, for example for attaching metal fittings.
  • the invention has for its object to provide more favorable conditions for easy and durable garnishing handles on the vessel body.
  • attachment points according to the invention are formed on protrusions or in depressions of a vessel body, it is generally readily possible to arrange them so that they lie in a common plane and thereby enable the attachment of a handle, the ends of which are ground or simple have been cut. If the attachment points according to the invention are arranged in depressions of a vessel body, it is not even absolutely necessary to precisely machine the ends of the handle to be attached beforehand. It may be sufficient if the handle has been separated from a web which had been formed together with the handle, for example by die casting, by simply breaking it off at preformed weak points.
  • a compression mold for isostatic pressing of vessel bodies with a male, a female and a membrane arranged between them is particularly suitable, which delimits a filling space that can be filled with ceramic granules with the male and a fluid space that can be filled with pressure fluid with the female.
  • a membrane on its side facing the male part has depressions or projections which deviate from their normal rotationally symmetrical profile and which are complementary to the profile of the attachment points.
  • the vessel body 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is essentially rotationally symmetrical, that is to say formed by rotating a surface line, which represents its normal profile 12, about a central axis A.
  • An exception to the rotational symmetry form attachment points 14 and 16, which are flat according to FIGS. 1 and 2, end faces parallel to the axis A each of a projection. In this way, in the area of the attachment points 14 and 16, a profile 18 which partially deviates from the normal profile 12 results.
  • the vessel body 10 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has the same normal profile 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the attachment points 14 and 16 are, however, according to FIGS. 3 and 4, flat, parallel to the axis A floor surfaces each of a recess, which are preferably in a common plane. Instead of this flat bottom surface, spherical shell-shaped bottom surfaces can also be provided. In any case, such depressions have the advantage that they can accommodate a certain, generously dimensioned amount of ceramic slip into which the handle ends are immersed when a handle is attached to the vessel body 10. This results in a particularly durable connection between the handle and the vessel body 10.
  • attachment points 14 and 16 it is particularly advantageous if the ends of the associated handle are also flat and parallel to the attachment points.
  • the walls of these depressions can be cylindrical or cuboid or taper to the bottom surface in the shape of a truncated cone or truncated pyramid.
  • attachment points 14 and 16 which are formed by spherical shell-shaped bottom surfaces each of a depression, result in a generally sufficiently firm connection with the associated handle, the ends of which do not necessarily have to be flat in this case.
  • attachment points 14 and 16 are each formed by bottom surfaces of a depression, have in comparison to attachment points which are each formed on a projection are, furthermore the advantage that, with the correct dosing of the slip or other adhesive used for garnishing, contamination of the surroundings can easily be avoided.
  • Vessel bodies 10 of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be pressed isostatically from ceramic granules in a press mold 20 according to FIG. 5.
  • Essential components of the press mold 20 are a male mold 22, a female mold 24 and a membrane 26.
  • Male mold 22 and membrane 26 together delimit a filling space 28 which can be filled with ceramic granulate through a filling channel 30.
  • Matrix 24 and membrane 26 together delimit a fluid space 32 which can be filled with an incompressible fluid through a fluid channel 34 and pressurized.
  • the membrane 26 has deviations from its normal rotationally symmetrical profile arranged one above the other in the region of one of its surface lines. According to FIG. 6, these deviations are depressions which on the vessel body 10 give rise to the raised attachment points 14 and 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, while corresponding profile deviations according to FIG. 7 are projections 36 and 38 which are shown on the vessel body 10 as shown in FIG. 3 and 4 shown recessed attachment points 14 and 16 generate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist üblich, daß Gefäßkörper auf einer Töpferscheibe oder Rollermaschine aus teigiger keramischer Masse geformt und anschließend mindestens lederhart getrocknet werden, und daß Henkel ebenfalls aus teigiger keramischer Masse geformt, getrocknet und anschließend an die Gefäßkörper angarniert werden. Dabei kann der Gefäßkörper zerstört oder in unverwünschter Weise verformt werden, wenn er vor dem Angarnieren des zugehörigen Henkels weniger stark getrocknet und verfestigt worden ist als dieser.It is common for vessel bodies to be formed on a potter's wheel or roller machine from dough-like ceramic mass and then to be dried at least as hard as leather, and for handles to also be formed from dough-like ceramic mass, to be dried and then to be attached to the vessel body. The body of the vessel can be destroyed or deformed in an undesirable manner if it has been dried and solidified less than the associated handle before it is attached to it.

Aus der DE-C-48 081 ist ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, bei dem aus einem Gefäßkörper, der auf einer Drehscheibe aus teigiger keramischer Masse geformt und anschließend vorgetrocknet worden ist, zwei auf einer gemeinsamen Mantellinie in einem Abstand übereinander angeordnete Löcher ausgestanzt werden. Der zugehörige Henkel wird in einer Form gepreßt und dabei mit Zapfen versehen, die beim Ansetzen des Henkels an den Gefäßkörper in dessen Löcher gesteckt und von innen her in der Art von Nieten angestaucht werden. Dadurch wird eine festere Verbindung des Henkels mit der Gefäßwand bewirkt und eine für gewisse Fälle, zum Beispiel für das Anbringen von Metallbeschlägen, notwendige genaue Stellung des Henkels zum Gefäßkörper erzielt.From DE-C-48 081 a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, in which from a vessel body which has been formed on a turntable from pasty ceramic mass and then pre-dried, two arranged on a common surface line at a distance one above the other Holes are punched out. The associated handle is pressed in a mold and provided with pins which are inserted into the holes when the handle is attached to the vessel body and from the inside in the manner of rivets be upset. This results in a stronger connection of the handle to the vessel wall and achieves the exact position of the handle relative to the vessel body that is necessary for certain cases, for example for attaching metal fittings.

Man hat auch schon daran gedacht, gegossene und anschließend hartgetrocknete Henkel an isostatisch aus keramischem Granulat gepreßte Gefäßkörper anzugarnieren. Dazu ist es aber erforderlich, die Henkelenden durch Beschleifen sehr genau an die Kontur der Gefäßkörper anzupassen, damit sie mit diesen durch Angarnieren hinreichend fest verbunden werden können. Das Beschleifen der Henkelenden kann vor allem dann sehr aufwendig sein, wenn die Außenform des Gefäßkörpers im Bereich des Henkels stark von einem Zylinder abweicht.It has also been considered to attach cast and then hard-dried handles to isostatically pressed ceramic bodies made of ceramic granules. For this purpose, however, it is necessary to adapt the ends of the handles very precisely to the contour of the vessel body by grinding, so that they can be sufficiently firmly connected to them by garnishing. Grinding the ends of the handles can be very complex, especially if the outer shape of the vessel body deviates greatly from a cylinder in the area of the handle.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, günstigere Voraussetzungen für einfaches und haltbares Angarnieren von Henkeln an Gefäßkörper zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide more favorable conditions for easy and durable garnishing handles on the vessel body.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

Unabhängig davon, ob die erfindungsgemäßen Ansatzstellen an Vorsprüngen oder in Vertiefungen eines Gefäßkörpers ausgebildet sind, ist es im allgemeinen ohne weiteres möglich, sie so anzuordnen, daß sie in einer gemeinsamen Ebene liegen und dadurch das Angarnieren eines Henkels ermöglichen, dessen Enden eben geschliffen oder einfach geschnitten worden sind. Wenn die erfindungsgemäßen Ansatzstellen in Vertiefungen eines Gefäßkörpers angeordnet sind, ist es nicht einmal unbedingt erforderlich, die Enden des anzugarnierenden Henkels vorher genau zu bearbeiten. Es kann genügen, wenn der Henkel durch einfaches Abbrechen an vorgeformten Schwächungsstellen von einem Steg getrennt worden ist, der gemeinsam mit dem Henkel geformt worden war, beispielsweise durch Druckgießen.Regardless of whether the attachment points according to the invention are formed on protrusions or in depressions of a vessel body, it is generally readily possible to arrange them so that they lie in a common plane and thereby enable the attachment of a handle, the ends of which are ground or simple have been cut. If the attachment points according to the invention are arranged in depressions of a vessel body, it is not even absolutely necessary to precisely machine the ends of the handle to be attached beforehand. It may be sufficient if the handle has been separated from a web which had been formed together with the handle, for example by die casting, by simply breaking it off at preformed weak points.

Zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eignet sich besonders eine Preßform zum isostatischen Pressen von Gefäßkörpern mit einer Patrize, einer Matrize und einer dazwischen angeordneten Membran, die mit der Patrize einen mit keramischem Granulat füllbaren Füllraum und mit der Matrize einen mit Druckfluid füllbaren Fluidraum begrenzt. Eine solche - an sich bekannte - Preßform ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch weitergebildet, daß die Membran an ihrer der Patrize zugewandten Seite von ihrem normalen rotationssymmetrischen Profil abweichende Vertiefungen bzw. Vorsprünge aufweist, die zum Profil der Ansatzstellen komplementär sind.In order to carry out the method according to the invention, a compression mold for isostatic pressing of vessel bodies with a male, a female and a membrane arranged between them is particularly suitable, which delimits a filling space that can be filled with ceramic granules with the male and a fluid space that can be filled with pressure fluid with the female. Such - known per se - compression mold is further developed according to the invention in that the membrane on its side facing the male part has depressions or projections which deviate from their normal rotationally symmetrical profile and which are complementary to the profile of the attachment points.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen mit weiteren Einzelheiten erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines ersten Gefäßkörpers,
Fig. 2
den Querschnitt II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht eines zweiten Gefäßkörpers,
Fig. 4
den Querschnitt IV-IV in Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
einen Teilquerschnitt durch eine übliche Preßform zum Herstellen von Gefäßkörpern mit dem in Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten allgemeinen Profil,
Fig. 6
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Preßform in einer Ausgestaltung zum Pressen des Gefäßkörpers gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 und
Fig. 7
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Preßform in einer Ausgestaltung zum Pressen des Gefäßkörpers gemäß Fig. 3 und 4.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a side view of a first vessel body,
Fig. 2
the cross section II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
a side view of a second vessel body,
Fig. 4
the cross section IV-IV in Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
2 shows a partial cross section through a conventional press mold for producing vessel bodies with the general profile shown in FIGS. 1 to 4,
Fig. 6
an enlarged section of the mold in an embodiment for pressing the vessel body according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and
Fig. 7
an enlarged section of the mold in an embodiment for pressing the vessel body according to FIGS. 3 and 4.

Der in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Gefäßkörper 10 ist im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch, d. h. durch Rotation einer sein normales Profil 12 darstellenden Mantellinie um eine zentrale Achse A gebildet. Eine Ausnahme von der Rotationssymmetrie bilden Ansatzstellen 14 und 16, die gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 ebene, zur Achse A parallele Endflächen je eines Vorsprunges sind. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich im Bereich der Ansatzstellen 14 und 16 ein vom normalen Profil 12 teilweise abweichendes Profil 18.The vessel body 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is essentially rotationally symmetrical, that is to say formed by rotating a surface line, which represents its normal profile 12, about a central axis A. An exception to the rotational symmetry form attachment points 14 and 16, which are flat according to FIGS. 1 and 2, end faces parallel to the axis A each of a projection. In this way, in the area of the attachment points 14 and 16, a profile 18 which partially deviates from the normal profile 12 results.

Der Gefäßkörper 10 gemäß Fig. 3 und 4 hat dasselbe normale Profil 12 wie in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt. Die Ansatzstellen 14 und 16 sind jedoch gemäß Fig. 3 und 4 ebene, zur Achse A parallele Bodenflächen je einer Vertiefung, die vorzugsweise in einer gemeinsamen Ebene liegen. Anstelle dieser ebenen Bodenfläche können auch kugelschalenförmige Bodenflächen vorgesehen sein. In jedem Fall haben solche Vertiefungen den Vorteil, daß sie eine bestimmte, reichlich bemessene Menge keramischen Schlickers aufnehmen können, in die beim Angarnieren eines Henkels an den Gefäßkörper 10 die Henkelenden eintauchen. Dadurch ergibt sich eine besonders haltbare Verbindung zwischen Henkel und Gefäßkörper 10.The vessel body 10 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has the same normal profile 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The attachment points 14 and 16 are, however, according to FIGS. 3 and 4, flat, parallel to the axis A floor surfaces each of a recess, which are preferably in a common plane. Instead of this flat bottom surface, spherical shell-shaped bottom surfaces can also be provided. In any case, such depressions have the advantage that they can accommodate a certain, generously dimensioned amount of ceramic slip into which the handle ends are immersed when a handle is attached to the vessel body 10. This results in a particularly durable connection between the handle and the vessel body 10.

Bei der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführung, bei der ebene Bodenflächen der Vertiefungen die Ansatzstellen 14 und 16 bilden, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Enden des zugehörigen Henkels ebenfalls eben und zu den Ansatzstellen parallel sind. Die Wände dieser Vertiefungen können zylindrisch oder quaderförmig sein oder sich zur Bodenfläche kegelstumpf- oder pyramidenstumpfförmig verjüngen. Aber auch Ansatzstellen 14 und 16, die von kugelschalenförmigen Bodenflächen je einer Vertiefung gebildet sind, ergeben eine im allgemeinen hinreichend feste Verbindung mit dem zugehörigen Henkel, dessen Enden in diesem Fall nicht unbedingt eben zu sein brauchen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, in which flat bottom surfaces of the depressions form the attachment points 14 and 16, it is particularly advantageous if the ends of the associated handle are also flat and parallel to the attachment points. The walls of these depressions can be cylindrical or cuboid or taper to the bottom surface in the shape of a truncated cone or truncated pyramid. But also attachment points 14 and 16, which are formed by spherical shell-shaped bottom surfaces each of a depression, result in a generally sufficiently firm connection with the associated handle, the ends of which do not necessarily have to be flat in this case.

Alle Ausführungsvarianten, bei denen die Ansatzstellen 14 und 16 von Bodenflächen je einer Vertiefung gebildet sind, haben im Vergleich mit Ansatzstellen, die an je einem Vorsprung ausgebildet sind, weiterhin den Vorteil, daß bei richtiger Dosierung des zum Angarnieren verwendeten Schlickers oder sonstigen Klebstoffs Verschmutzungen der Umgebung leicht zu vermeiden sind.All design variants, in which the attachment points 14 and 16 are each formed by bottom surfaces of a depression, have in comparison to attachment points which are each formed on a projection are, furthermore the advantage that, with the correct dosing of the slip or other adhesive used for garnishing, contamination of the surroundings can easily be avoided.

Gefäßkörper 10 der in Fig. 1 und 2 oder in Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellten Art lassen sich in einer Preßform 20 gemäß Fig. 5 isostatisch aus keramischem Granulat pressen.Vessel bodies 10 of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be pressed isostatically from ceramic granules in a press mold 20 according to FIG. 5.

Wesentliche Bestandteile der Preßform 20 sind eine Patrize 22, eine Matrize 24 sowie eine Membran 26. Patrize 22 und Membran 26 begrenzen zusammen einen Füllraum 28, der sich durch einen Füllkanal 30 mit keramischem Granulat füllen läßt. Matrize 24 und Membran 26 begrenzen zusammen einen Fluidraum 32, der sich durch einen Fluidkanal 34 mit einem inkompressiblen Fluid füllen und unter Druck setzen läßt.Essential components of the press mold 20 are a male mold 22, a female mold 24 and a membrane 26. Male mold 22 and membrane 26 together delimit a filling space 28 which can be filled with ceramic granulate through a filling channel 30. Matrix 24 and membrane 26 together delimit a fluid space 32 which can be filled with an incompressible fluid through a fluid channel 34 and pressurized.

Die Membran 26 hat im Bereich einer ihrer Mantellinien übereinander angeordnete Abweichungen von ihrem normalen rotationssymmetrischen Profil. Diese Abweichungen sind gemäß Fig. 6 Vertiefungen, die am Gefäßkörper 10 die in Fig. 1 und 2 abgebildeten erhabenen Ansatzstellen 14 und 16 entstehen lassen, während entsprechende Profilabweichungen gemäß Fig. 7 Vorsprünge 36 und 38 sind, die am Gefäßkörper 10 die in Fig. 3 und 4 abgebildeten vertieften Ansatzstellen 14 und 16 erzeugen.The membrane 26 has deviations from its normal rotationally symmetrical profile arranged one above the other in the region of one of its surface lines. According to FIG. 6, these deviations are depressions which on the vessel body 10 give rise to the raised attachment points 14 and 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, while corresponding profile deviations according to FIG. 7 are projections 36 and 38 which are shown on the vessel body 10 as shown in FIG. 3 and 4 shown recessed attachment points 14 and 16 generate.

Claims (4)

  1. A method of making ceramic handled vessels, especially cups, in which vessel bodies (10) and handles are made separately, points of attachment (14, 16) are formed on the vessel bodies (10), and the handles are fixed to the points of attachment (14, 16),
    characterized in that the vessel bodies (10) are pressed isostatically of ceramic granules and the points of attachment (14, 16) are during the isostatic pressing process shaped as an end or bottom surface of a hump or dent each.
  2. The method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the points of attachment (14, 16) are formed in a common plane.
  3. The method according to claim 2,
    characterized in that the common plane of the points of attachment (14, 16) is located parallelly to the axis of the otherwise rotation-symmetrical vessel body (10).
  4. A press mould for isostatically pressing vessel bodies (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a male mould (22), a female mould (24) and an interposed membrane (26) defining together with the male mould (22) a charge space (28) adapted to be filled with ceramic granules and with the female mould (24) a fluid space (32) adapted to be filled with hydraulic fluid,
    characterized in that at its side facing the male mould (22) the membrane (26) is provided with dents or projections (36, 38) deviating from its normal rotation-symmetrical shape that are complementary to the shape of the points of attachment (14, 16).
EP92115856A 1991-09-16 1992-09-16 Process for making ceramic vessels with handles and press mould for pressing such vessels Expired - Lifetime EP0533142B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4130756A DE4130756C2 (en) 1991-09-16 1991-09-16 Process for the production of ceramic handle vessels and press mold for pressing vessel bodies
DE4130756 1991-09-16

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EP0533142A1 EP0533142A1 (en) 1993-03-24
EP0533142B1 true EP0533142B1 (en) 1995-04-26

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19537845A1 (en) * 1995-10-11 1997-04-17 Arte Cera Vera Materne Method and device for producing a pot-like hollow body made of ceramic material and having at least one undercut

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE48081C (en) * B. GRUHL in Dresden A., Neuegasse 14 Handle attachment to earthen vessels

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3224629A (en) * 1958-03-04 1965-12-21 Shenango Ceramics Inc Handled cup
US3618179A (en) * 1969-09-22 1971-11-09 American Standard Inc Hole-forming attachment for powder press
DE3626365A1 (en) * 1986-08-04 1988-02-11 Dorst Masch & Anlagen DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DEEP CYLINDRICAL OR TAPERED MOLDED BODIES PROVIDED WITH A LATERAL CONTINUATION, IN PARTICULAR HANGING CUPS
DE3708886A1 (en) * 1987-03-19 1988-09-29 Laeis Gmbh Process and device for producing ceramic mouldings, in particular plates, cups or the like
DE4032316C1 (en) * 1990-10-11 1992-02-13 Erich Netzsch Gmbh & Co Holding Kg, 8672 Selb, De

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE48081C (en) * B. GRUHL in Dresden A., Neuegasse 14 Handle attachment to earthen vessels

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DE4130756A1 (en) 1993-03-25
EP0533142A1 (en) 1993-03-24
DE4130756C2 (en) 1995-03-09
DE59202021D1 (en) 1995-06-01

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