EP0529140B1 - Binary data transmission method in an alarm signalling system - Google Patents
Binary data transmission method in an alarm signalling system Download PDFInfo
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- EP0529140B1 EP0529140B1 EP91114664A EP91114664A EP0529140B1 EP 0529140 B1 EP0529140 B1 EP 0529140B1 EP 91114664 A EP91114664 A EP 91114664A EP 91114664 A EP91114664 A EP 91114664A EP 0529140 B1 EP0529140 B1 EP 0529140B1
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- value
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- detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/018—Sensor coding by detecting magnitude of an electrical parameter, e.g. resistance
Definitions
- Document EP-A-241574 describes a hazard detection system with a central unit, to which a plurality of detectors are connected with a double line, which are supplied with energy and digital data by the central unit via this double line, the line voltage data being modulated on become.
- the present invention is therefore based on the problem of ensuring the energy supply to the detectors in a low-effort manner and at the same time ensuring the trouble-free and rapid transmission of large amounts of data between the control center and the individual detectors.
- the problem is solved by a method for the transmission of binary data in a hazard detection system according to claim 1.
- comparators are provided in the individual detectors, the respective switching threshold of which can be preset.
- the threshold values of the respective comparators are determined and stored by the control center by first sending a synchronization signal to prepare a detector from the control center and then sending a signal (change in line voltage) to the detector, the amplitude of which is systematically changed in such a way that their value successively approaches the comparator threshold value, whereupon this detector sends a characteristic signal (change in line current) to the control center if the amplitude value is greater than that Is a threshold value and the comparator threshold value is determined in the control center from the characteristic signal by means of a current measuring device and the systematically changeable signal.
- the systematically changeable signal can be a step-up signal and the characteristic signal can be formed from a sequence of binary "ones" for each amplitude value of the step-up signal that is greater than the comparator threshold.
- a possible length of the step-increasing signal is one byte, one step of this signal being the duration of a Bits, so that there are eight amplitude values.
- the required length of the systematically changeable signal is determined from the desired accuracy with which the comparator threshold value is to be determined.
- the minimum and maximum value of this signal corresponds to the minimum and maximum value of a conventional data signal, so that the entire amplitude range occurring during operation is recorded.
- the energy supply to the detectors and the determination of the comparator threshold values take place chronologically.
- Fig. 1 shows a hazard detection system with a control center Z, with which a plurality of detectors M1 to Mn are connected by means of a double line a, b. Further double lines are indicated schematically, on which a large number of detectors are also arranged.
- FIG. 2 The basic course of the line voltage and the line current over time is shown in FIG. 2. It can be seen that during the phases of the energy supply to the detectors there is a high voltage on the double line and a high line current flows in order to charge the storage capacitors of the detectors. During the phases of data transmission, there is a significantly lower voltage on the double line and a significantly lower line current flows. 2 only the mean values of the voltage and the current are shown; During the phases of the data transmission, both the voltage and the current are superimposed on data signals.
- the transmission from the control center Z to the detectors M1 to Mn is accomplished with a modulation of the line voltage supplied by the control center Z and the transmission from the individual detectors M1 to Mn to the control center Z with a modulation of the line current. Settings are therefore required for low-interference evaluation of current signals (in the control center) and voltage signals (in the detector).
- FIG. 3 shows such a device for low-interference evaluation of current signals in the control center Z.
- a double line a, b is fed by a voltage source Ub.
- This voltage source Ub can be controlled in a known but not shown manner by a microcomputer MR.
- a measuring resistor R is arranged in series with the voltage source Ub.
- Two test leads L1, L2 tap the voltage dropping at the measuring resistor R due to the line current and feed them to an analog-digital converter ADW.
- This analog-to-digital converter ADW is connected to the microcomputer MR via lines aL.
- Fig. 4 shows a voltage measuring device in a detector M, in which a voltage divider R1, R2 is arranged between the wires of the double line a, b and whose center tap is connected to a comparator K by means of a line L.
- the output of the comparator K is connected to a microcomputer MR by means of a line kL.
- the threshold value of the comparator K is preset and designed so that it switches in the range of the signal voltages that occur.
- the data signal sent from the control center Z and modulated onto the voltage is set in a detector-specific manner such that the respective comparator threshold of a detector fits optimally.
- the corresponding setting values i.e. So the respective comparator threshold values of the individual detectors are stored in the control center Z.
- These setting values are determined in a special setting procedure in which the voltage on the double line a, b is systematically changed by the control center Z in a dialog between a detector M and the control center Z, and the transmission quality is checked in each case in the detector M and the result of the control center Z is transmitted. This procedure will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5.
- the comparator threshold Uk is determined in two steps. First, the control center applies a synchronizing signal Sy to the line. This Signal Sy is so high that the comparator K of the detector M just addressed responds in any case. The detector M is prepared for the following procedure by the synchronous signal Sy.
- a signal C1 which rises in a step-like manner, is now applied from the central station Z to the double line a, b.
- the signal C1 consists of 4 stages. Of course, there can be more.
- the comparator threshold Uk is exceeded in the third stage of the step-increasing signal C1.
- This characteristic signal CA1 consists of a sequence of binary "ones" for each stage of the step-increasing signal C1, which lies above the comparator threshold Uk.
- the control center Z can determine the voltage range Uh1, Uh2 between which the comparator threshold Uk must lie from the course of the signal C1 which rises in a step-like manner and the characteristic signal CA1.
- FIG. 5 it is further shown how a more precise determination of the comparator threshold value can be carried out in a second, identical step.
- the synchronizing signal Sy is first again applied from the central station Z to the double line a, b.
- detector M is prepared for the following procedure again.
- Another step-like rising signal C2 is then sent to the detector.
- This signal C2 now does not cover the entire amplitude range occurring with data signals, but only the range between the voltages Uh1 and Uh2 determined in the first step.
- This voltage range is now scanned again in 4 stages by the signal C2, the comparator threshold Uk being exceeded after the second stage and the detector correspondingly for each stage of the signal C2, which is above the comparator threshold Uk, a binary "one" by means of modulation of the line current IL to the central Z sends. From the second step-increasing signal C2 and the second characteristic signal CA2 in the control center Z a more accurate calculation of the comparator threshold Uk can be performed.
- the comparator threshold Uk it can be determined in several steps or in only one step using a step-like signal with significantly more steps.
- the determination procedure is carried out at least once after the system has been set up for initialization and can be repeated as often as required.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
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- Monitoring And Testing Of Transmission In General (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
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- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
In Gefahrenmeldesystemen werden speziell bei Brandmeldesystemen eine größere Anzahl von Meldern über eine Doppelleitung mit der Zentrale verbunden. Über diese Doppelleitung wird sowohl die Energieversorgung der Melder durchgeführt, als auch der Datenverkehr mit der Zentrale abgewickelt. In modernen Systemen werden in zunehmendem Maße binär kodierte Übertragungsverfahren verwendet, die potentiell unzulässig hohe Störspannungen erzeugen, wenn sie mit den in klassischen Systemen üblichen großen Spannungen arbeiten. Werden jedoch die zulässigen, kleinen Spannungen zur Übertragung verwendet und der naturgemäß großen Versorgungsspannung überlagert, so verursachen bereits relativ kleine Schwankungen der Versorgungsspannung bzw. des Versorgungsstroms unzulässig große Störungen der Übertragung.In fire alarm systems, a large number of detectors are connected to the control center via a double line, especially in fire alarm systems. Via this double line, the energy supply of the detectors is carried out, as well as the data traffic with the control center. In modern systems, binary-coded transmission methods are increasingly used, which generate potentially inadmissibly high interference voltages when they work with the large voltages customary in classic systems. However, if the permissible, low voltages are used for transmission and are superimposed on the naturally large supply voltage, even relatively small fluctuations in the supply voltage or the supply current cause impermissibly large disturbances in the transmission.
Bei mehr konventionellen Systemen wird versucht, den Datenfluß auf einem so niedrigen Niveau zu halten, daß die Datenraten niedriger sind und damit der zugeordnete Datenpegel hoch sein darf, womit die Störungen weniger Einfluß haben. Es ist bekannt, sich über die Forderung nach zulässig niedriger aktiver Störung hinwegzusetzen und trotz hoher Datenrate mit eigentlich unzulässig hohem Datenpegel zu arbeiten. Es ist auch bekannt, die Schwankungen der Versorgungsenergie auf ein unschädliches Maß zu reduzieren. Dazu ist zunächst eine gute Stabilisierung der Versorgungsspannung in der Zentrale erforderlich, was allerdings einen gewissen Mehraufwand erfordert. Wesentlich kritischer ist die ebenfalls unumgängliche Stabilisierung der Stromaufnahme in jedem einzelnen Melder, die den Aufwand und in der Regel auch den Energiebedarf dieser Melder beträchtlich erhöht. Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist die zeitliche Trennung von Energieversorgung und Übertragung, wie z.B. bei der Pulsmeldetechnik. Hier entstehen jedoch beim Übergang von einer in die andere Betriebsart Störungen, die die Übertragung negativ beeinflussen können, besonders, wenn zur Auskopplung der Übertragungsspannung preiswerte R-C-Glieder verwendet werden.In more conventional systems, attempts are made to keep the data flow at such a low level that the data rates are lower and the associated data level may therefore be high, so that the disturbances have less influence. It is known to ignore the requirement for an admissible low active disturbance and to work with an inadmissibly high data level despite the high data rate. It is also known to reduce the fluctuations in supply energy to a harmless level. This requires a good stabilization of the supply voltage in the control center, which, however, requires a certain additional effort. What is much more critical is the likewise unavoidable stabilization of the current consumption in each individual detector, which considerably increases the effort and, as a rule, the energy requirement of these detectors. Another option is the temporal separation of energy supply and transmission, such as with pulse detection technology. Here, however, arise during the transition from one operating mode to another, malfunctions that can negatively influence the transmission, especially if inexpensive RC elements are used to decouple the transmission voltage.
In dem Dokument EP-A-241574 ist ein Gefahrenmeldesystem mit einer Zentrale beschrieben, an die mit einer Doppelleitung eine Vielzahl von Meldern angeschlossen ist, welche über diese Doppelleitung von der Zentrale mit Energie und mit digitalen Daten versorgt werden, wobei die Daten der Leitungsspannung aufmoduliert werden.Document EP-A-241574 describes a hazard detection system with a central unit, to which a plurality of detectors are connected with a double line, which are supplied with energy and digital data by the central unit via this double line, the line voltage data being modulated on become.
Vorliegender Erfindung liegt somit das Problem zugrunde, in aufwandarmer Weise die Energieversorgung der Melder sicherzustellen und gleichzeitig die störungsarme und schnelle Übertragung großer Datenmengen zwischen der Zentrale und den einzelnen Meldern zu gewährleisten.The present invention is therefore based on the problem of ensuring the energy supply to the detectors in a low-effort manner and at the same time ensuring the trouble-free and rapid transmission of large amounts of data between the control center and the individual detectors.
Das Problem wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Übertragung binärer Daten in einem Gefahrenmeldesystem gemäß dem Anspruch 1.The problem is solved by a method for the transmission of binary data in a hazard detection system according to claim 1.
Bei dem eingangs geschilderten Datenübertragungsverfahren sind in den einzelnen Meldern Komparatoren vorgesehen, deren jeweilige Schaltschwelle voreinstellbar ist. Dabei werden die Schwellwerte der jeweiligen Komparatoren von der Zentrale ermittelt und gespeichert, indem zunächst ein Synchronsignal zur Vorbereitung eines Melders von der Zentrale abgesandt wird und anschließend ein Signal (Veränderung der Linienspannung) zu dem Melder gesandt wird, dessen Amplitude systematisch derart verändert wird, daß sich ihr Wert sukzessive dem Komparatorschwellwert nähert, worauf dieser Melder ein charakteristisches Signal (Veränderung des Linienstroms) zur Zentrale abgibt, wenn der Amplitudenwert größer als der Schwellwert ist und in der Zentrale aus dem charakteristischen Signal mittels einer Strommeßeinrichtung und dem systematisch veränderbaren Signal der Komparatorschwellwert ermittelt wird.In the data transmission method described at the beginning, comparators are provided in the individual detectors, the respective switching threshold of which can be preset. The threshold values of the respective comparators are determined and stored by the control center by first sending a synchronization signal to prepare a detector from the control center and then sending a signal (change in line voltage) to the detector, the amplitude of which is systematically changed in such a way that their value successively approaches the comparator threshold value, whereupon this detector sends a characteristic signal (change in line current) to the control center if the amplitude value is greater than that Is a threshold value and the comparator threshold value is determined in the control center from the characteristic signal by means of a current measuring device and the systematically changeable signal.
Das systematisch veränderbare Signal kann dabei ein treppenförmig ansteigendes Signal sein und das charakteristische Signal aus einer Folge von binären "Einsen" für jeden Amplitudenwert des treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals, der größer als die Komparatorschwelle ist, gebildet sein.The systematically changeable signal can be a step-up signal and the characteristic signal can be formed from a sequence of binary "ones" for each amplitude value of the step-up signal that is greater than the comparator threshold.
Eine mögliche Länge des treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals ist ein Byte, wobei eine Stufe dieses Signals die Dauer eines Bits hat, so daß sich daraus acht Amplitudenwerte ergeben. Allgemein bestimmt sich jedoch die erforderliche Länge des systematisch veränderbaren Signals aus der gewünschten Genauigkeit, mit der der Komparatorschwellwert ermittelt werden soll.A possible length of the step-increasing signal is one byte, one step of this signal being the duration of a Bits, so that there are eight amplitude values. In general, however, the required length of the systematically changeable signal is determined from the desired accuracy with which the comparator threshold value is to be determined.
Der Minimal- und Maximalwert dieses treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals entspricht dem Minimal- und Maximalwert eines üblichen Datensignals, so daß der gesamte im Betriebsfall vorkommende Amplitudenbereich erfaßt wird.The minimum and maximum value of this signal, which rises in steps, corresponds to the minimum and maximum value of a conventional data signal, so that the entire amplitude range occurring during operation is recorded.
Zur Erhöhung der Genauigkeit des Komparatorschwellwerts ist es möglich, in einem zweiten, gleich ablaufenden Schritt ein weiteres systematisch veränderbares Signal, dessen Minimalwert oberhalb des Werts der letzten Stufe vor dem Erreichen des Komparatorschwellwerts des ersten, treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals liegt und dessen Maximalwert dem Wert der ersten Stufe nach dem Überschreiten des Komparatorschwellwerts entspricht, zu dem Melder zu senden.In order to increase the accuracy of the comparator threshold, it is possible in a second step, which proceeds in the same way, to have a further systematically changeable signal, the minimum value of which is above the value of the last stage before the comparator threshold of the first, step-wise rising signal is reached and the maximum value of which is the value of the first Level after exceeding the comparator threshold to send to the detector.
Bei einem bevorzugten Verfahren erfolgt die Energieversorgung der Melder und die Ermittlung der Komparatorschwellwerte zeitlich aufeinander.In a preferred method, the energy supply to the detectors and the determination of the comparator threshold values take place chronologically.
Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand eines Beispiels mit Hilfe von Figuren näher beschrieben. Es zeigen dabei
- Fig. 1
- den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Gefahrenmeldesystems,
- Fig. 2
- einen möglichen Verlauf der Linienspannung und des Linienstroms,
- Fig. 3
- den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Spannungsversorgung und einer Strommeßeinrichtung in der Zentrale,
- Fig. 4
- den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Spannungsmeßeinrichtung in einem Melder,
- Fig. 5
- den möglichen Verlauf eines systematisch veränderbaren Signals in zwei Schritten.
- Fig. 1
- the basic structure of a hazard detection system,
- Fig. 2
- a possible course of the line voltage and the line current,
- Fig. 3
- the basic structure of a voltage supply and a current measuring device in the control center,
- Fig. 4
- the basic structure of a voltage measuring device in a detector,
- Fig. 5
- the possible course of a systematically changeable signal in two steps.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein Gefahrenmeldesystem mit einer Zentrale Z, mit der mehrere Melder M1 bis Mn mittels einer Doppelleitung a,b verbunden sind. Schematisch sind weitere Doppelleitungen angedeutet, auf denen ebenfalls eine Vielzahl von Meldern angeordnet sind.Fig. 1 shows a hazard detection system with a control center Z, with which a plurality of detectors M1 to Mn are connected by means of a double line a, b. Further double lines are indicated schematically, on which a large number of detectors are also arranged.
Den prinzipiellen zeitlichen Verlauf der Linienspannung und des Linienstromes zeigt Fig. 2. Es ist dabei zu erkennen, daß während der Phasen der Energieversorgung der Melder eine hohe Spannung an der Doppelleitung liegt und ein hoher Linienstrom fließt, um die Speicherkondensatoren der Melder zu laden. Während der Phasen der Datenübertragung liegt eine deutlich geringere Spannung an der Doppelleitung und es fließt auch ein deutlich geringerer Linienstrom. In Fig. 2 sind nur die Mittelwerte der Spannung und des Stroms dargestellt; während der Phasen der Datenübertragung sind sowohl der Spannung als auch dem Strom Datensignale überlagert. Wie man sieht treten besonders beim Übergang von der Betriebsart "Energieversorgung" in die Betriebsart "Übertragung" starke Strom- und Spannungsänderungen auf, die eine Verwendung von einfachen und preiswerten R-C-Gliedern zur Auskopplung der Übertragungssignale nicht zulassen, da diese sehr lange Einschwingzeiten benötigen und damit die Übertragungszeit unzulässig verlängern würden. Im vorliegenden Beispiel wird die Übertragung von der Zentrale Z zu den Meldern M1 bis Mn mit einer Modulation der von der Zentrale Z gelieferten Linienspannung und die Übertragung von den einzelnen Meldern M1 bis Mn zur Zentrale Z mit einer Modulation des Linienstroms bewerkstelligt. Somit werden Einstellungen zur störungsarmen Auswertung von Stromsignalen (in der Zentrale) und von Spannungssignalen (im Melder) benötigt.The basic course of the line voltage and the line current over time is shown in FIG. 2. It can be seen that during the phases of the energy supply to the detectors there is a high voltage on the double line and a high line current flows in order to charge the storage capacitors of the detectors. During the phases of data transmission, there is a significantly lower voltage on the double line and a significantly lower line current flows. 2 only the mean values of the voltage and the current are shown; During the phases of the data transmission, both the voltage and the current are superimposed on data signals. As you can see, there are strong current and voltage changes, especially when changing from the "Energy supply" operating mode to the "Transmission" operating mode, which do not allow the use of simple and inexpensive RC elements for decoupling the transmission signals, since these require very long settling times and so that the transmission time would be extended inadmissibly. In the present example, the transmission from the control center Z to the detectors M1 to Mn is accomplished with a modulation of the line voltage supplied by the control center Z and the transmission from the individual detectors M1 to Mn to the control center Z with a modulation of the line current. Settings are therefore required for low-interference evaluation of current signals (in the control center) and voltage signals (in the detector).
Fig. 3 zeigt eine solche Einrichtung zur störungsarmen Auswertung von Stromsignalen in der Zentrale Z. In der Zentrale Z wird eine Doppelleitung a,b von einer Spannungsquelle Ub gespeist. Diese Spannungsquelle Ub ist in bekannter aber nicht dargestellter Weise von einem Mikrorechner MR ansteuerbar. Zur Detektion der Modulation des Linienstroms ist in Serie zur Spannungsquelle Ub ein Meßwiderstand R angeordnet. Zwei Meßleitungen L1,L2 greifen die aufgrund des Linienstroms an dem Meßwiderstand R abfallende Spannung ab und führen sie einem Analog-Digital-Wandler ADW zu. Dieser Analog-Digital-Wandler ADW ist über Leitungen aL mit dem Mikrorechner MR verbunden. Mit dieser Anordnung wird also die Modulation des Linienstromes und somit die Datensignale von den Meldern M1 bis Mn zur Zentrale Z detektiert und in digitalisierter Form im Mikrorechner MR verarbeitet.FIG. 3 shows such a device for low-interference evaluation of current signals in the control center Z. In the control center Z, a double line a, b is fed by a voltage source Ub. This voltage source Ub can be controlled in a known but not shown manner by a microcomputer MR. To detect the modulation of the line current, a measuring resistor R is arranged in series with the voltage source Ub. Two test leads L1, L2 tap the voltage dropping at the measuring resistor R due to the line current and feed them to an analog-digital converter ADW. This analog-to-digital converter ADW is connected to the microcomputer MR via lines aL. With this arrangement, the modulation of the line current and thus the data signals from the detectors M1 to Mn to the control center Z are detected and processed in digitized form in the microcomputer MR.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Spannungsmeßeinrichtung in einem Melder M, bei der zwischen den Adern der Doppelleitung a,b ein Spannungsteiler R1,R2 angeordnet ist und dessen Mittelabgriff mittels einer Leitung L mit einem Komparator K verbunden ist. Der Ausgang des Komparators K ist mittels einer Leitung kL mit einem Mikrorechner MR verbunden. Der Schwellwert des Komparators K ist voreingestellt und so ausgeführt, daß er im Bereich der auftretenden Signalspannungen schaltet.Fig. 4 shows a voltage measuring device in a detector M, in which a voltage divider R1, R2 is arranged between the wires of the double line a, b and whose center tap is connected to a comparator K by means of a line L. The output of the comparator K is connected to a microcomputer MR by means of a line kL. The threshold value of the comparator K is preset and designed so that it switches in the range of the signal voltages that occur.
Zum bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb wird das von der Zentrale Z gesendete, der Spannung aufmodulierte Datensignal derart melderspezifisch eingestellt, daß die jeweilige Komparatorschwelle eines Melders optimal paßt. Zu diesem Zweck sind die entsprechenden Einstellwerte, d.h. also die jeweiligen Komparatorschwellwerte der einzelnen Melder in der Zentrale Z gespeichert. Ermittelt werden diese Einstellwerte in einer speziellen Einstellprozedur, in der in einem Dialog zwischen einem Melder M und der Zentrale Z die Spannung an der Doppelleitung a,b von der Zentrale Z systematisch geändert wird und jeweils im Melder M die Übertragungsqualität geprüft und das Ergebnis der Zentrale Z übermittelt wird. Nachfolgend soll anhand von Fig. 5 diese Prozedur näher erläutert werden.For the intended operation, the data signal sent from the control center Z and modulated onto the voltage is set in a detector-specific manner such that the respective comparator threshold of a detector fits optimally. For this purpose, the corresponding setting values, i.e. So the respective comparator threshold values of the individual detectors are stored in the control center Z. These setting values are determined in a special setting procedure in which the voltage on the double line a, b is systematically changed by the control center Z in a dialog between a detector M and the control center Z, and the transmission quality is checked in each case in the detector M and the result of the control center Z is transmitted. This procedure will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5.
In Fig. 5 sind sowohl die Linienspannung UL, die von der Zentrale Z verändert wird, als auch der Linienstrom IL, der von dem gerade kommunizierenden Melder M verändert wird, dargestellt. Es erfolgt dabei eine Ermittlung des Komparatorschwellwerts Uk in zwei Schritten. Zunächst wird von der Zentrale ein Synchronsignal Sy an die Leitung gelegt. Dieses Signal Sy hat einen so hohen Pegel, daß der Komparator K des gerade angesprochenen Melders M auf jeden Fall anspricht. Durch das Synchronsignal Sy wird der Melder M auf die nachfolgende Prozedur vorbereitet.5 shows both the line voltage UL, which is changed by the control center Z, and the line current IL, which is changed by the detector M which is currently communicating. The comparator threshold Uk is determined in two steps. First, the control center applies a synchronizing signal Sy to the line. This Signal Sy is so high that the comparator K of the detector M just addressed responds in any case. The detector M is prepared for the following procedure by the synchronous signal Sy.
Von der Zentrale Z wird nun ein treppenförmig ansteigendes Signal C1 an die Doppelleitung a,b gelegt. Im in Fig. 5 dargestellten Beispiel besteht das Signal C1 aus 4 Stufen. Es können natürlich auch mehr sein. Bei der dritten Stufe des treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals C1 wird der Komparatorschwellwert Uk überschritten. Dadurch wird der Melder M veranlaßt, ein charakteristisches Signal CA1 an die Zentrale Z zu senden. Dieses charakteristische Signal CA1 besteht aus einer Folge von binären "Einsen" für jede Stufe des treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals C1, die oberhalb des Komparatorschwellwerts Uk liegt. Aus dem Verlauf des treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals C1 und dem charakteristischen Signal CA1 kann die Zentrale Z den Spannungsbereich Uh1,Uh2 zwischen dem der Komparatorschwellwert Uk liegen muß, ermitteln.A signal C1, which rises in a step-like manner, is now applied from the central station Z to the double line a, b. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the signal C1 consists of 4 stages. Of course, there can be more. The comparator threshold Uk is exceeded in the third stage of the step-increasing signal C1. This causes the detector M to send a characteristic signal CA1 to the control center Z. This characteristic signal CA1 consists of a sequence of binary "ones" for each stage of the step-increasing signal C1, which lies above the comparator threshold Uk. The control center Z can determine the voltage range Uh1, Uh2 between which the comparator threshold Uk must lie from the course of the signal C1 which rises in a step-like manner and the characteristic signal CA1.
In Fig. 5 ist nun weiter dargestellt, wie in einem zweiten, gleich ablaufenden Schritt eine genauere Ermittlung des Komparatorschwellwerts durchgeführt werden kann. Dazu wird zunächst wieder das Synchronsignal Sy von der Zentrale Z an die Doppelleitung a,b gelegt. Dadurch wird der Melder M wieder auf die nachfolgende Prozedur vorbereitet. Anschließend wird ein weiteres treppenförmiges ansteigendes Signal C2 zum Melder gesendet. Dieses Signal C2 deckt nun nicht den gesamten, bei Datensignalen auftretenden Amplitudenbereich ab, sondern nur den im ersten Schritt ermittelten Bereich zwischen den Spannungen Uh1 und Uh2. Durch das Signal C2 wird nun wieder in 4 Stufen dieser Spannungsbereich abgetastet, wobei schon nach der zweiten Stufe der Komparatorschwellwert Uk überschritten wird und der Melder entsprechend für jede Stufe des Signals C2, die oberhalb des Komparatorschwellwerts Uk liegt, eine binäre "Eins" mittels Modulation des Linienstroms IL zur Zentrale Z sendet. Aus dem zweiten treppenförmig ansteigenden Signal C2 und dem zweiten charakteristischen Signal CA2 kann in der Zentrale Z eine genauere Berechnung des Komparatorschwellwerts Uk durchgeführt werden.In FIG. 5 it is further shown how a more precise determination of the comparator threshold value can be carried out in a second, identical step. For this purpose, the synchronizing signal Sy is first again applied from the central station Z to the double line a, b. As a result, detector M is prepared for the following procedure again. Another step-like rising signal C2 is then sent to the detector. This signal C2 now does not cover the entire amplitude range occurring with data signals, but only the range between the voltages Uh1 and Uh2 determined in the first step. This voltage range is now scanned again in 4 stages by the signal C2, the comparator threshold Uk being exceeded after the second stage and the detector correspondingly for each stage of the signal C2, which is above the comparator threshold Uk, a binary "one" by means of modulation of the line current IL to the central Z sends. From the second step-increasing signal C2 and the second characteristic signal CA2 in the control center Z a more accurate calculation of the comparator threshold Uk can be performed.
Je nach gewünschter Genauigkeit des Komparatorschwellwerts Uk kann dessen Ermittlung in mehreren Schritten erfolgen oder aber in nur einem Schritt unter Verwendung eines treppenförmig ansteigenden Signals mit wesentlich mehr Stufen. Die Ermittlungsprozedur wird mindestens einmal nach der Errichtung der Anlage zur Initialisierung durchgeführt und kann bei Bedarf beliebig häufig wiederholt werden.Depending on the desired accuracy of the comparator threshold Uk, it can be determined in several steps or in only one step using a step-like signal with significantly more steps. The determination procedure is carried out at least once after the system has been set up for initialization and can be repeated as often as required.
Claims (5)
- Method for the transmission of binary data in a hazard detection system having a central control station (Z), to which at least one two-wire line (a, b) with a multiplicity of detectors (M1 to Mn) is connected, both the power supply to the detectors and the data traffic with the central control station being handled via the two-wire line, and devices for the transmission and detection of binary data being provided for this purpose in the central control station (Z) and in the detectors (Ml to Mn), the data being modulated onto the line voltage for the data transmission from the central control station to the detectors, characterized in that in each detector there is provided a comparator, the switching threshold (Uk) of which is preset, the threshold values of the respective comparators (K) being determined and stored by the central control station (Z), in that initially a synchronous signal (Sy) for the purpose of preparing a detector (M) is sent out from the central control station (Z) and then a signal (C1;C2) in the form of a change in the line voltage is sent to the detector (M), the amplitude of which signal is systematically varied in such a way that its value successively approaches the comparator threshold value (Uk), whereupon this detector (M) outputs a characteristic signal (CA1,CA2) in the form of a change in the line current to the central control station (Z) if the amplitude value is greater than the threshold value (Uk) and, in the central control station (Z), the comparator threshold value (Uk) is determined from the characteristic signal (CA1,CA2) by means of a current measuring device and from the systematically variable signal (C1,C2).
- Method according to Claim 1, in which the systematically variable signal (C1; C2) is a signal rising in staircase form and the characteristic signal (CA1;CA2) is formed by a sequence of binary "ones" for each amplitude value, of the signal rising in staircase form, which is greater than the comparator threshold (Uk).
- Method according to Claim 2, the signal rising in staircase form (C1;C2) having the length of one byte and its minimum and maximum value corresponding to the minimum and maximum value of a normal data signal.
- Method according to either of Claims 2 and 3, in which for the more precise determination of the comparator threshold value (Uk), in a second step which runs at the same time, a further systematically variable signal (C2), whose minimum value lies above the value of the last stage (Uh1) before reaching the comparator threshold value (Uh) of the first signal rising in staircase form (C1), and whose maximum value corresponds to the value of the first stage (Uh2) after exceeding the comparator threshold value (Uh), is sent to the detector.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, the power supply to the detectors and the determination of the comparator threshold values chronologically succeeding one another.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT91114664T ATE145080T1 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING BINARY DATA IN A HAZARD NOTIFICATION SYSTEM |
| DE59108333T DE59108333D1 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Process for the transmission of binary data in a hazard detection system |
| ES91114664T ES2093663T3 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | PROCEDURE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF BINARY DATA IN A DANGER SIGNALING SYSTEM. |
| DK91114664.5T DK0529140T3 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | |
| EP91114664A EP0529140B1 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Binary data transmission method in an alarm signalling system |
| GR960402846T GR3021566T3 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1996-11-07 | Binary data transmission method in an alarm signalling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91114664A EP0529140B1 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Binary data transmission method in an alarm signalling system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0529140A1 EP0529140A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| EP0529140B1 true EP0529140B1 (en) | 1996-11-06 |
Family
ID=8207099
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91114664A Expired - Lifetime EP0529140B1 (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Binary data transmission method in an alarm signalling system |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0529140B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE145080T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59108333D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0529140T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2093663T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3021566T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2397156A (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2004-07-14 | Leeds Electronic Eng Ltd | Alarm system with reduced wiring |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3588828A (en) * | 1967-08-02 | 1971-06-28 | Dutton Hayward H | Signaling system responsive to pulses within an amplitude range |
| DE2716506A1 (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1978-10-19 | Dieter Eberhard | Location of triggered sensor in alarm system - by measuring peak voltage at end of line of series connected sensor contacts having parallel connected resistors |
| DE3043357C2 (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1985-01-17 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Method and device for measuring resistance on a signal line |
| JPS60117939A (en) * | 1983-11-30 | 1985-06-25 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Information transmission system |
| EP0241574B1 (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1997-10-29 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Fire alarm system |
-
1991
- 1991-08-30 ES ES91114664T patent/ES2093663T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-30 EP EP91114664A patent/EP0529140B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-30 AT AT91114664T patent/ATE145080T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-08-30 DE DE59108333T patent/DE59108333D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-08-30 DK DK91114664.5T patent/DK0529140T3/da active
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 GR GR960402846T patent/GR3021566T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE145080T1 (en) | 1996-11-15 |
| ES2093663T3 (en) | 1997-01-01 |
| EP0529140A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| DE59108333D1 (en) | 1996-12-12 |
| DK0529140T3 (en) | 1997-02-17 |
| GR3021566T3 (en) | 1997-02-28 |
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