EP0514239B1 - Pneumatischer Bremskraftverstärker - Google Patents

Pneumatischer Bremskraftverstärker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0514239B1
EP0514239B1 EP92401228A EP92401228A EP0514239B1 EP 0514239 B1 EP0514239 B1 EP 0514239B1 EP 92401228 A EP92401228 A EP 92401228A EP 92401228 A EP92401228 A EP 92401228A EP 0514239 B1 EP0514239 B1 EP 0514239B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
plunger
valve
booster
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92401228A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0514239A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Bendix Europe Service Tech. Gautier
Ulysse Bendix Europe Service Tech. Verbo
Miguel Bendix Europe Service Tech. Perez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AlliedSignal Europe Services Techniques
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AlliedSignal Europe Services Techniques
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0514239A1 publication Critical patent/EP0514239A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0514239B1 publication Critical patent/EP0514239B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/46—Vacuum systems
    • B60T13/52—Vacuum systems indirect, i.e. vacuum booster units
    • B60T13/57—Vacuum systems indirect, i.e. vacuum booster units characterised by constructional features of control valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pneumatic actuators, and more particularly of the type of those which are used to provide braking assistance for motor vehicles.
  • Servomotors of this type conventionally comprise a piston comprising a rear tubular part and a skirt and which, using a rolling membrane, defines a front chamber permanently connected to a vacuum source and a rear chamber selectively connected to the front chamber or to the atmosphere by a valve means actuated by a control rod capable of being supported, by means of a plunger on one of the faces of a reaction disc secured to a push rod, the valve means comprising a valve cooperating by an active part with a first valve seat formed on the plunger and with a second valve seat formed on the piston, the rear chamber being connected to the atmosphere through an annular space defined between the first and second valve seats when the plunger is pressed inside the piston.
  • a booster is, for example, known from GB-A-2,076,488.
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide a booster whose response time is as low as possible during sudden braking.
  • the booster of the invention is essentially characterized in that the plunger has at least one radial passage, each radial passage being, at rest and during a braking action normal, tightly closed by a portion of the piston and being, during an abrupt braking action, discovered by this portion to make the rear chamber communicate with the atmosphere, each radial passage and the corresponding portion of piston contributing to constitute a second valve means selectively operational in the event of sudden braking.
  • the lower half of the Figure shows part of a brake booster intended to be placed in the usual way between the brake pedal of a vehicle and the master cylinder controlling the hydraulic braking circuit of this vehicle.
  • the part of the booster facing the master cylinder is called before the booster and the part of the booster facing the brake pedal.
  • the booster comprises an outer shell 10 in the form of a shell, having a symmetry of revolution about an axis X-X ′. Only the rear central part of this envelope 10 is shown in the Figure.
  • the edge outer peripheral (not shown) of the membrane 12 is tightly fixed on the outer envelope 10.
  • the inner peripheral edge of this same membrane ends in a bead received in a sealed manner in an annular groove formed on the outer peripheral surface d 'A hollow assistance piston 20 arranged along the axis XX' of the booster.
  • This hollow piston 20 extends towards the rear in the form of a tubular part 22 which passes in leaktight manner through the rear wall of the casing 10. The tightness of this crossing is ensured by a reinforced annular seal 24 which is fixed by a ring 26 in a tubular central part extending rearward the rear wall of the casing 10.
  • the piston 20 In its central part located between the tubular rear part 22 and the front part in which the membrane 12 and the skirt 14 are fixed, the piston 20 has a bore 30 in which is received in sliding a plunger 32 also having a symmetry of revolution around of the XX ′ axis.
  • the front end of a control rod 34 of the booster also arranged along the axis X-X ′, is pivotally mounted in a blind bore 33 formed at the rear of the plunger 32.
  • the annular space 36 delimited between the control rod 34 and the tubular part of the piston 20 opens to the outside atmosphere at the rear of the booster, for example by means of an air filter. Forward, this same annular space can communicate with the rear chamber 18 through a radial passage 38 formed in the central part of the piston, and passages 39 formed between the plunger 32 and the bore 30 of the piston 20 when assistance means controlled by the plunger 32 are actuated.
  • these assistance means comprise a three-way valve comprising an annular valve 40 mounted in the tubular part of the piston and two annular valve seats 20a and 32a formed respectively on the central part of the piston 20 and on the plunger 32.
  • the valve 40 constitutes the front end, of smaller diameter, of a flexible elastomer sleeve, the rear end of which ends in a bead sealingly mounted inside the tubular part 22 of the piston 20. This bead is held in place by a metal cup 42, on which rests a compression spring 44 tending to move the valve 40 forwards.
  • the annular valve seat 32a is formed on the rear end face of the plunger 32.
  • the annular valve seat 20a is formed on the rear end face of the central part of the piston 20, around the seat 32a .
  • this arrangement allows the valve 40 to be in constant sealing contact with at least one of the valve seats 32a and 20a under the action of the spring 44.
  • a second passage 46 is formed in the central part of the piston 20, approximately parallel to its axis XX ′, to make the front chamber 16 of the booster communicate with an annular chamber 48 formed around the valve 40, inside the tubular part 22 of the piston 20.
  • the plunger 32 is normally held in the rear rest position defined by the member 50 by means of a compression spring 52 interposed between the cup 42 and a washer 54 itself resting on a shoulder formed on the control rod 34.
  • the piston 20 comprises an annular front face 20b at the center of which opens the bore 30.
  • This annular front face 20b of the piston 20 acts on a rear face of a push rod 56, through a reaction disc 58 made of a deformable material such as an elastomer.
  • the push rod 56 and the reaction disc 58 are arranged along the axis XX ′ of the booster, in the extension of the control rod 34 and of the plunger 32.
  • the reaction disc 58 is capped by a cover 60 integral with the push rod 56 and centered on the axis XX ′ of the booster and cooperating with an annular groove formed on the central part of the piston 20, around the annular front face 20b of the latter.
  • the front chamber 16 communicates permanently with a vacuum source.
  • the effort made on the brake pedal by the driver has the effect of equalizing the prestressing effort of the spring 52 minus the prestressing effort of the spring 44.
  • the control rod 34 and of the plunger 32, the valve 40, under the action of the spring 44 follows the seat 32a of the plunger 32, until it comes into contact with the seat 20a of the piston; the front 16 and rear 18 chambers of the booster are then isolated from one another.
  • the plunger 32 In a second phase of the actuation of the brake, the plunger 32 is moved sufficiently forward so that the valve 40 is in tight contact with the seat 20a of the piston and begins to move away from the seat 32a of the plunger. Under these conditions, the rear chamber 18 of the booster is isolated from the front chamber 16 and enters into communication with the atmosphere.
  • the plunger 32 slides in leaktight manner in the bore 30 thanks to two seals 62 and 64, arranged for example in the rear part of the plunger 32.
  • axial passages 66 are made making the annular chamber 48 communicate formed around the valve 40 with an annular volume 67 formed between a groove 68 inside the bore 30 and a groove 69 formed at the periphery of the plunger 32 opposite the groove 68.
  • Radial passages 70 are made in the plunger 32, opening on the one hand into the blind bore 33 of the plunger 32, and on the other hand at the outer periphery of the plunger 32 between the two seals 62 and 64.
  • the operation of this servomotor is easily deduced from the foregoing explanations.
  • the first actuation phase during which the front 16 and rear 18 chambers are isolated from one another, is identical to that which has been described previously.
  • the rear chamber 18 of the booster is placed in communication with the atmosphere by the radial passage 38, the annular volume 67, the axial passages 66 and the valve passage 32a-40.
  • This results in an imbalance in the pressures on the two faces of the skirt 14 of the piston, giving rise to an assistance force transmitted by the piston 20 to the push rod 56.
  • this assistance force is exerted by the annular front face 20b of the piston 20 on the reaction disc 58.
  • the latter transmits part of the assistance force to the push rod 56 and uses another part of this force to deform backwards in the space between the bore 30 and the plunger 32.
  • the booster of the invention behaves in a conventional manner.
  • valve passage 32a-40 opens, allowing air at atmospheric pressure to enter the rear chamber 18 via the passages 66, the annular volume 67 and the passage 38.
  • the pressure in the rear chamber therefore increases , creating an assistance force on the piston 20.
  • the valve passage 32a-40 is more open, that is to say that it offers a larger air passage section than in normal braking, but which is still considered too insufficient. .
  • a second passage is offered to air at atmospheric pressure to reach the rear chamber 18.
  • the plunger 32 having penetrated into the piston 20 by an amount greater than that of braking normal, the seal 62, carried by the plunger 32 and located furthest forward, comes in front of the portion 65 of the piston 20.
  • the sealing of the radial passage 70 relative to the portion 65 is no longer ensured , and the passage 70 is then open into the annular volume 67, the portion 65 of the piston 20 and the radial passage 70 playing the role of a slide valve.
  • reaction disc 58 was also stressed by the front face 20b of the piston. But during its backward deformation, it very quickly encountered the front face of the diver who had advanced enough to discover the radial passages 70.
  • the reaction of the push rod 56 was therefore very quickly transmitted to the control rod 34.
  • the driver has reached the maximum braking force, or the desired force, what he feels when he "touches” the brake pedal, it keeps its braking force constant or releases it, which is retransmitted to the control rod.
  • the reaction disc 58 then tends to return to an equilibrium position for the requested force.
  • the front annular face 20a of the piston 20 always providing the same force since the difference in pressures on the two faces of the skirt 14 has not varied, the reaction disc 58 will tend to deform more towards the rear, repelling thus the plunger 32 relative to the piston 20.
  • the passages 70 will then be closed again, and the booster will return to normal operation.
  • the positions relative to the rest of the plunger 32 and of the piston 20 are defined by the stop member 50. It will therefore be possible to determine the distance between the axis of the passages 70 and the front edge of the portion 65 of the piston 20 at rest, for that the passages 70 remain covered by the portion 65 during normal braking and are discovered during sudden braking. Such a distance may vary according to the characteristics which it is desired to give to the actuator thus equipped.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described by way of example, but is capable of receiving numerous modifications which will appear to a person skilled in the art.
  • the additional air passages may be formed on another part of the plunger and, if the plunger can slide in the piston perfectly, the use of seals on the plunger on either side of the radial passages may be unnecessary.
  • the invention can also be applied to servo motors in tandem or with additional assistance chamber. It will also be possible to further reduce the response time of the servomotor for sudden braking by connecting the blind bore 33 from the plunger 32 to a source of air at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Pneumatischer Servomotor zur Bremsunterstützung, mit einem Gehäuse (10), in dessen Inneren sich ein Kolben (20) befindet, der von einem ringförmigen hinteren Abschnitt (22) gebildet ist, der eine Schürze (14) trägt und mit Hilfe einer Abrollmembran (12) eine permanent mit einer Unterdruckquelle verbundene vordere Kammer (16) und eine hintere Kammer (18) abgrenzt, die wahlweise mit der vorderen Kammer (16) oder der Atmosphäre über ein Ventilmittel (20a, 32a, 40) verbunden ist, das von einer Steuerstange (34) betätigt wird, die in der Lage ist, sich über einen Tauchkolben (32) an einer der Seiten einer fest mit einer Schubstange (56) verbundenen Reaktionsscheibe (58) abzustützen, wobei das Ventilmittel (20a, 32a, 40a) ein Ventilelement (40) enthält, das mit einem ersten, auf dem Tauchkolben (32) gebildeten Ventilsitz (32a) und mit einem zweiten, auf dem Kolben (20) gebildeten Ventilsitz (20a) zusammenwirkt, wobei die hintere Kammer mit der Atmosphäre über einen ringförmigen, zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Ventilsitz abgegrenzten Raum verbunden ist, wenn der Kolben in das Innere des Kolbenelements eingeschoben ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben wenigstens einen radialen Durchgang (70) aufweist, wobei jeder radiale Durchgang in der Ruhestellung und bei einer normalen Bremsbetätigung dicht von einem Teil (65) des Kolbenelements (20) verschlossen ist und bei einer abrupten Bremsbetätigung von diesem Teil geöffnet wird, um die hintere Kammer mit der Atmosphäre zu verbinden, wobei jeder radiale Durchgang und der entsprechende Teil (65) des Kolbenelements zur Bildung eines zweiten Ventilmittels beitragen, das im Falle eines abrupten Bremsens selektiv betätigt ist.
  2. Servomotor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder radiale Durchgang (70) permanent mit der Atmosphäre verbunden ist.
  3. Servomotor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Teil (65) des Kolbenelements (20) axiale Durchgänge (66) gebildet sind.
  4. Servomotor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Außenumfang des Kolbens (32) vor und hinter den radialen Durchgängen (70) Dichtungen (62, 64) angeordnet sind.
EP92401228A 1991-05-14 1992-04-30 Pneumatischer Bremskraftverstärker Expired - Lifetime EP0514239B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9105845A FR2676414A1 (fr) 1991-05-14 1991-05-14 Servomoteur pneumatique.
FR9105845 1991-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0514239A1 EP0514239A1 (de) 1992-11-19
EP0514239B1 true EP0514239B1 (de) 1994-07-06

Family

ID=9412778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92401228A Expired - Lifetime EP0514239B1 (de) 1991-05-14 1992-04-30 Pneumatischer Bremskraftverstärker

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5249651A (de)
EP (1) EP0514239B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05155330A (de)
KR (1) KR920021384A (de)
BR (1) BR9201889A (de)
DE (1) DE69200223T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2059195T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2676414A1 (de)
MX (1) MX9202210A (de)
PL (1) PL168214B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2028232C1 (de)
YU (1) YU47492A (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2853721B2 (ja) * 1992-07-10 1999-02-03 自動車機器株式会社 倍力装置
JP3491056B2 (ja) * 1993-09-20 2004-01-26 トキコ株式会社 気圧式倍力装置
DE19601269A1 (de) * 1996-01-16 1997-07-17 Teves Gmbh Alfred Bremskraftverstärker
GB2320539B (en) * 1996-12-21 2000-08-02 Delphi France Automotive Sys Vacuum brake booster
DE19812494A1 (de) * 1998-03-21 1999-09-23 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Unterdruck-Bremskraftverstärker
DE19816767A1 (de) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-21 Continental Teves Ag & Co Ohg Ventilbaugruppe für einen Unterdruck-Bremskraftverstärker
US6467390B1 (en) 1998-05-15 2002-10-22 Continental Teves Ag & Co., Ohg Brake force booster with a panic braking function
DE19824501A1 (de) * 1998-06-02 1999-12-09 Continental Teves Ag & Co Ohg Unterdruckbremskraftverstärker

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3017866A (en) * 1959-08-03 1962-01-23 Kelsey Hayes Co Fluid pressure operated motor
US3082744A (en) * 1961-08-02 1963-03-26 Bendix Corp Servomotor control valve
DE1801022A1 (de) * 1968-10-04 1970-04-09 Teves Gmbh Alfred Hilfskraftvorrichtung,insbesondere zur Betaetigung der Bremsen von Kraftfahrzeugen
DE3019558A1 (de) * 1980-05-22 1981-11-26 Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Mechanisch gesteuerter kraftverstaerker, insbesondere fuer bremsanlagen von kraftfahrzeugen
US4608825A (en) * 1983-10-07 1986-09-02 Fail Safe Brake Corporation Automatic brake actuator with controlled release
US4649802A (en) * 1984-10-29 1987-03-17 Allied Corporation Control valve
FR2596714B1 (fr) * 1986-04-08 1988-06-10 Bendix France Servomoteur d'assistance au freinage
JP2545900B2 (ja) * 1987-12-25 1996-10-23 自動車機器株式会社 ブレーキ倍力装置の停車保持装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2028232C1 (ru) 1995-02-09
YU47492A (sh) 1995-10-03
US5249651A (en) 1993-10-05
PL168214B1 (pl) 1996-01-31
KR920021384A (ko) 1992-12-18
FR2676414A1 (fr) 1992-11-20
MX9202210A (es) 1992-11-01
PL294509A1 (en) 1993-01-25
DE69200223T2 (de) 1994-10-20
DE69200223D1 (de) 1994-08-11
ES2059195T3 (es) 1994-11-01
EP0514239A1 (de) 1992-11-19
BR9201889A (pt) 1993-01-05
JPH05155330A (ja) 1993-06-22

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