EP0513140B2 - Procede de blanchiment de pulpe chimique - Google Patents
Procede de blanchiment de pulpe chimique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0513140B2 EP0513140B2 EP91903684A EP91903684A EP0513140B2 EP 0513140 B2 EP0513140 B2 EP 0513140B2 EP 91903684 A EP91903684 A EP 91903684A EP 91903684 A EP91903684 A EP 91903684A EP 0513140 B2 EP0513140 B2 EP 0513140B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- enzyme
- bleaching
- steps
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 38
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940059442 hemicellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- VGVRPFIJEJYOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol Chemical class OC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl VGVRPFIJEJYOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009896 oxidative bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000683 possible toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004076 pulp bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1057—Multistage, with compounds cited in more than one sub-group D21C9/10, D21C9/12, D21C9/16
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/12—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- D21C9/14—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with halogens or halogen-containing compounds with ClO2 or chlorites
- D21C9/142—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with halogens or halogen-containing compounds with ClO2 or chlorites with ClO2/Cl2 in a multistage process involving ClO2/Cl2 exclusively
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/147—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with oxygen or its allotropic modifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/16—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds
- D21C9/163—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds with peroxides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the bleaching of chemical pulp as set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
- the chemical pulp obtained by sulfate cooking is brown in color, which is mainly due to lignin remaining in the pulp.
- Lignin is removed by bleaching, which is usually a multiple-step process in which the pulp is treated alternately with oxidizing chemicals which decompose lignin and with chemicals which dissolve the substances produced as products of the decomposition.
- oxidizing chemicals have been chorine-containing substances and oxygen, whereas alkali solutions have been used as chemicals removing the decomposition products.
- the chlorine-containing bleaching chemicals When reacting, the chlorine-containing bleaching chemicals convert the lignin present in the pulp into organic chlorine compounds. which will pass into the bleaching effluents removed from the pulp.
- the bleaching effluents constitute an environmental problem owing to the potential toxicity of the organic chlorine compounds passing into the effluents, and also the values of chemical oxygen consumption in the bleaching effluents are detrimentally high.
- the bleaching effluents which load the environment the worst are produced in the washing steps following the first chlorination and the first alkali step of the bleaching.
- Efforts have been made to decrease the load by various methods. for example by replacing the chlorine gas with chlorine dioxide or by using oxygen as the oxidizing chemical in the first step.
- fully satisfactory results have not been achieved by these methods.
- Efforts to decrease the quantities of chlorophenols and other toxic chlorine compounds in the effluents have inceed been successful, but the values of chemical oxygen consumption of the effluents have not decreased. Therefore, effective biological purification has been needed to back up the said methods.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new method, based on enzyme treatment of pulp, by which pulp can be bleached in such a manner that the need for bleaching chemicals decreases and at the same time the chemical oxygen consumption and toxicity of the bleaching effluent decrease so that the need for water purification will be smaller. It is characteritic of the invention that the pulp is treated with an enzyme, selected from hemicellulase, cellulase, pectinase and esterase, in two separate enzyme treatment steps of the bleaching process, wherein the pulp subsequent to each enzyme treatment step is treated in an oxidation step.
- an enzyme selected from hemicellulase, cellulase, pectinase and esterase
- At least one enzyme treatment step is followed in the process by a treatment with alkali, in which an oxidizing chemical, such as oxygen or peroxide, is used besides the alkali. It has been cbserved that such an oxidizing alkali treatment decreases especially effectively the need for chlorine chemicals in bleaching.
- an oxidizing chemical such as oxygen or peroxide
- the enzyme treatments break down the hemicellulose and/or lignin present in the pulp and make the pulp more porous, thus increasing the action of the chemicals in subsequent pulp treatment steps.
- the enzyme treatment may be followed by a washing of the pulp, removing constituents broken down from the pulp; these constituents can be led to a burning so that they will cause no effluent load but the energy contained in them can be exploited in the energy supply of the mill.
- the pulp bleaching according to the invention can be carried out in the conventional manner so that the oxidation and alkali steps alternate. After the various steps the pulp can be washed in order to remove the bleaching chemicals and the broken-down constituents.
- the enzyme treatment is preferably carried out within a temperature range of 10-90 °C, preferably within 40-80 °C, and at a pH of 3.3-11.0, preferably 4.0-10.0.
- the enzyme used may be hemicellulase, cellulase. pectinase, esterase, or a mixture of the same. Hemicellulases are particularly preferred.
- the pulp was subjected to an oxidizing bleaching treatment by using a mixture which contained 50 % chlorine dioxide and 50 % chlorine gas.
- the mixture was proportioned at 2.0 x the kappa number after the pulping.
- the treatment temperature was 40 °C and the treatment time 45 min and the consistency of the pulp 3.5 %.
- the pulp was subjected to an alkali treatment by using a 2-% sodium hydroxide solution the proportion of which was 0.9 x kappa.
- the consistency of the mixture was 10 %, and the treatment temperature was 60 °C and the treatment time 90 min.
- the pulp was washed with a 20-fold amount of water.
- the bleaching was continued by repeating the enzyme step by using the same enzyme mixture as in the first step and the oxidation step by using chlorine dioxide and by washing the pulp between the steps as described above.
- the amount of enzyme in the second enzyme treatment was 2.5 U/g of pulp.
- the amount of chlorine dioxide in the second oxidizing step was 1.5 % of the amount of the pulp being bleached.
- Experiment 1 reference exceriment: the pulp was not subjected to a second enzyme treatment. In other respects the experiment corresponded to that described above (Experiment 2).
- Experiment 1 reference
- Experiment 2 1st enzyme treatment 1 1 - enzyme proportion (l/t) ClO 2 /Cl ratio 50/50 50/50 Kappa 27.7 27.7 pH - enzyme step 5.4 5.6 - oxidation step (ClO 2 /Cl) 2.1 2.1 - alkali step 11.7 11.6 Consumption of active chlorine (%) 5.54 5.54 Intermediate kappa 5.7 5.7 2nd enzyme treatment (l/t) - 0.5 pH - 2nd enzyme step 5.3 - oxidation step (ClO 2 ) 2.1 2.1 - SO 2 step beginning/end 4.8/3.7 4.8/3.7 Whiteness (ISO) 60.97 67.54
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Procédé de blanchiment de pâte chimique, qui comprend au minimum une étape d'oxydation et au minimum une étape de traitement alcalin et dans lequel la pâte est traitée de manière enzymatique, caractérisé en ce que la pâte est traitée au moins avec une enzyme, choisie parmi l'hémicellulase, la cellulase, la pectinase et l'estérase, dans deux étapes séparées de traitement enzymatique du procédé de blanchiment, dans lequel la pâte, après chaque étape de traitement enzymatique, est traitée par une étape d'oxydation.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le produit chimique oxydant utilisé dans une ou plusieurs étapes du procédé est l'oxygène.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que au moins une étape de traitement enzymatique est suivie dans le procédé par un traitement alcalin dans lequel un produit chimique oxydant, comme l'oxygène ou un peroxyde, est utilisé en plus de l'alcalin.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que au minimum deux enzymes différentes sont utilisées.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que le procédé est utilisé pour le blanchiment d'une pâte obtenue à partir de bois tendre, comme la pâte de sapin au sulfate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI900549A FI89814C (fi) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | Foerfarande foer blekning av cellulosamassa |
FI900549 | 1990-02-02 | ||
PCT/FI1991/000033 WO1991011553A1 (fr) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Procede de blanchiment de pulpe chimique |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0513140A1 EP0513140A1 (fr) | 1992-11-19 |
EP0513140B1 EP0513140B1 (fr) | 1995-09-27 |
EP0513140B2 true EP0513140B2 (fr) | 1998-03-18 |
Family
ID=8529828
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91903684A Expired - Lifetime EP0513140B2 (fr) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Procede de blanchiment de pulpe chimique |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0513140B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH05509362A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE128498T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2075187A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69113444D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2079062T5 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI89814C (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1991011553A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7541175B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2009-06-02 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Alkaline extraction stages comprising xylanase |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI90670C (sv) * | 1991-05-02 | 1994-03-10 | Metsae Serla Oy | Behandling av alkalibehandlad massa för användning i pappersframställning |
US7816129B2 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 2010-10-19 | Ab Enzymes Gmbh | Production and secretion of proteins of bacterial origin in filamentous fungi |
EP0905306A1 (fr) | 1997-09-26 | 1999-03-31 | Consortium für elektrochemische Industrie GmbH | Système à plusieurs constituants pour modifier, dégrader ou blanchir la lignine ou les matières contenant de la lignine ainsi que procédé l'utilisant |
WO2000014243A1 (fr) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-16 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Esterases d'acide phenolique, sequences de codage et procedes |
US6602700B1 (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2003-08-05 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Phenolic acid esterases, coding sequences and methods |
AU2002229430A1 (en) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-07-30 | Iogen Bio-Products Corporation | Use of xylanase in pulp bleaching |
US7368036B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2008-05-06 | Iogen Bio-Products Corporation | Xylanase treatment of chemical pulp |
EP1516053B1 (fr) | 2002-06-14 | 2012-10-17 | Verenium Corporation | Xylanases, acides nucleiques les codant et leurs procedes de fabrication et d'utilisation |
EP3406621A1 (fr) | 2006-02-14 | 2018-11-28 | BP Corporation North America Inc. | Xylanases, acides nucléiques les codant et leurs procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI90888B (fi) * | 1989-02-14 | 1993-12-31 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Menetelmä selluloosamassan valkaisemiseksi |
ZA904441B (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-03-27 | Int Paper Co | Enzymatic delignification of lignocellulosic material |
-
1990
- 1990-02-02 FI FI900549A patent/FI89814C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-02-01 WO PCT/FI1991/000033 patent/WO1991011553A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1991-02-01 EP EP91903684A patent/EP0513140B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-01 CA CA002075187A patent/CA2075187A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1991-02-01 JP JP3503752A patent/JPH05509362A/ja active Pending
- 1991-02-01 AT AT91903684T patent/ATE128498T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-01 DE DE69113444T patent/DE69113444D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-01 ES ES91903684T patent/ES2079062T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7541175B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2009-06-02 | Iogen Energy Corporation | Alkaline extraction stages comprising xylanase |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI89814B (fi) | 1993-08-13 |
FI89814C (fi) | 1993-11-25 |
ATE128498T1 (de) | 1995-10-15 |
DE69113444D1 (de) | 1995-11-02 |
FI900549A0 (fi) | 1990-02-02 |
ES2079062T5 (es) | 1998-07-16 |
WO1991011553A1 (fr) | 1991-08-08 |
CA2075187A1 (fr) | 1991-08-03 |
EP0513140A1 (fr) | 1992-11-19 |
EP0513140B1 (fr) | 1995-09-27 |
JPH05509362A (ja) | 1993-12-22 |
FI900549A (fi) | 1991-08-03 |
ES2079062T3 (es) | 1996-01-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0679760B1 (fr) | Procédé pour le blanchiment de pâte à papier contenant de la lignocellulose | |
EP0512590B1 (fr) | Procédé de blanchiment de matériaux contenant de la lignocellulose | |
EP0395792B1 (fr) | Procédé de blanchiment de pâte | |
EP0383999B1 (fr) | Procédé de blanchiment de pâte | |
EP0407421B1 (fr) | Procede de reduction de chlorure residuelle dans des pates feuillus | |
EP0513140B2 (fr) | Procede de blanchiment de pulpe chimique | |
EP0408803B1 (fr) | Procédé de blanchiment de pâte au sulfate | |
US5785811A (en) | Process for treating lignocellulosic material with soybean peroxidase in the presence of peroxide | |
WO1992007998A1 (fr) | Procede de blanchiment de pate | |
WO1991012366A1 (fr) | Blanchiment de pate a papier | |
KR102531578B1 (ko) | 제지용 펄프의 표백 방법 | |
AU642971B2 (en) | Bleaching of paper pulp | |
FI88315B (fi) | Foerfarande foer blekning av cellulosamassa | |
CA2130906A1 (fr) | Methode pour le traitement enzymatique de la pate chimique avant le blanchiment | |
JPH08120583A (ja) | 化学パルプの酸素漂白方法 | |
WO1989003451A1 (fr) | Procede de blanchiment de pulpe de cellulose |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19920806 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19931018 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19950927 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19950927 Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19950927 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19950927 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19950927 Ref country code: DK Effective date: 19950927 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 128498 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19951015 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69113444 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19951102 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19951228 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2079062 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19960201 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19960229 |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD. Effective date: 19960627 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19960201 |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
PLAW | Interlocutory decision in opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP |
|
PLAW | Interlocutory decision in opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP |
|
PUAH | Patent maintained in amended form |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED |
|
27A | Patent maintained in amended form |
Effective date: 19980318 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: AEN Free format text: AUFRECHTERHALTUNG DES PATENTES IN GEAENDERTER FORM |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: DC2A Kind code of ref document: T5 Effective date: 19980608 |
|
ET3 | Fr: translation filed ** decision concerning opposition | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20070213 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20070213 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20070227 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20070316 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20070212 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *ENSO-GUTZEIT OY Effective date: 20080228 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080201 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20081031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080202 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080229 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20080202 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080202 |