EP0510416B1 - Percussion mechanism for drill string - Google Patents

Percussion mechanism for drill string Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0510416B1
EP0510416B1 EP92105874A EP92105874A EP0510416B1 EP 0510416 B1 EP0510416 B1 EP 0510416B1 EP 92105874 A EP92105874 A EP 92105874A EP 92105874 A EP92105874 A EP 92105874A EP 0510416 B1 EP0510416 B1 EP 0510416B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
percussion
drill string
percussion piston
piston
drill pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92105874A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0510416A2 (en
EP0510416A3 (en
Inventor
Robert-Jan Dr.-Ing. Bartels
Hans-Dieter Ing. Piotrowski
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Construction Tools GmbH
Original Assignee
Krupp Bautechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0510416A2 publication Critical patent/EP0510416A2/en
Publication of EP0510416A3 publication Critical patent/EP0510416A3/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
    • E21B1/38—Hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D9/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a built-in liquid motor, i.e. the tool being driven by hydraulic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/171—Percussive pulling action of tools for extraction of elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a percussion mechanism for a drill pipe, in particular for drilling rock and anchor holes, with a percussion piston guided on a housing, which is moved back and forth under the action of a pressurized hydraulic medium.
  • a drilling device for so-called double-head drilling is known, the drill string of which consists of a tubular outer rod and an inner rod running in it. While the outer linkage only has a rotary drive, the inner linkage is equipped with a rotary impact drive.
  • the known drilling device can be operated so that the outer linkage - in contrast to the inner linkage also subjected to impact energy - is only rotated or that the blows of the inner linkage are also transmitted to the outer linkage via an annular collar. It is also possible to work with only rotating outer and inner rods by switching off the striking mechanism. Depending on the working conditions, there may be considerable casing friction and / or (for example due to material falling in the borehole) resistances, which make it difficult or even impossible to drill and pull the outer rod. To support the drawing process, the design of a striking mechanism with an additional piston has already been proposed with DE-A1-29 18 631; if necessary, this serves to hold the counter surface of the tool interacting with the percussion piston in the direction of the percussion piston. With the striking mechanism designed in this way - which is part of a drilling device - the resistances opposing the drawing process cannot be overcome in all cases.
  • the document US-A-3 833 072 describes a percussion mechanism for a drill pipe, the percussion piston of which is moved to and fro using both a pneumatic and a hydraulic drive means and - due to the use of an internal tube section connected to the housing - against this The drill pipe is shielded.
  • the known device is otherwise designed such that the percussion piston completely accommodated within the housing strikes the housing and drives the drill pipe in the direction of advance via the latter.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a hydraulically operated hammer mechanism for a drill pipe, the use of which can be adapted to different working conditions with reasonable effort.
  • the hammer mechanism should in particular be such that the problematic drilling work described above can still be carried out economically.
  • the object is achieved by a striking mechanism with the features of claim 1.
  • the basic idea of the invention is that the housing supporting the percussion piston is open on both sides and the percussion piston itself is designed as a hollow piston, in the through bore of which the drill pipe projects at least with part of its total cross section; in the normal case there will be an arrangement in which the drill pipe is passed through the hollow piston at least with part of its total cross section. If the drill pipe - seen in cross section - consists only of a single pipe, the mutual assignment can be made such that the drill pipe protrudes into the through hole or is normally passed through it, the percussion piston directly or indirectly (for example via a drill pipe attached to the drill pipe Impact piece) acts in the direction of impact on the drill pipe.
  • the mutual assignment can be such that either only the inner linkage or the outer and inner linkage projects at least into the percussion piston driving the outer linkage or is guided through it.
  • the drill pipe possibly the outer pipe of a double pipe
  • the drill pipe has a counter surface that can be acted upon by the percussion piston and can be handled in a manner that enables the striking mechanism to be moved with the resultant reversal of the striking direction; the percussion piston only protrudes from the housing on the side facing it.
  • An advantageous, in the normal case already existing configuration of the drill pipe, which allows or simplifies the expansion of the striking mechanism, consists in that the drill pipe is divided into detachable longitudinal sections. By detaching these longitudinal sections from one another in the area of the striking mechanism, the striking mechanism can be pulled off from the drill pipe enclosed by it and implemented transversely to its longitudinal axis by rotating about an (imaginary) axis.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to use the hammer mechanism - depending on its coupling to the drill pipe - to influence the drill pipe in the direction of the drilling progress or in the direction of pull.
  • the diameter of the through hole must be dimensioned such that it is larger than the outside diameter of the drill pipe with sufficient play, taking into account the largest possible drill pipe deflection.
  • the distance between the percussion piston and the outer diameter mentioned will be at least a few millimeters given the size relationships mentioned here.
  • the percussion piston can be designed in such a way that its axial length is shorter than that of the housing (claim 2).
  • the trouble-free operation of the striking mechanism can at least be supported by the counter surface of the striking element in the direction of the striking piston is conically shaped and this has an adapted face (claim 3).
  • the configuration required for the implementation of the striking mechanism with respect to the drill pipe can be realized in a simple manner in that the counter surface is part of a ring which, detachably, is supported in the direction of impact on a stop surface of the drill pipe (claim 4).
  • the ring can in particular consist of several ring segments which can be screwed together.
  • Another useful design of the ring is characterized in that it has a plurality of ring segments which are connected to one another in an articulated manner and have a closure element, for example in the form of a tensioning screw.
  • the subject of the invention can not only be used to drive a normal drill pipe (in the form of a single pipe) in the direction of the drilling progress or in the opposite direction of pull.
  • the drilling device is equipped with a double rod (cf. DE-C1-35 03 893)
  • the striking mechanism can also be coupled to the associated outer rod (claim 5).
  • the percussion mechanism 1 which can be used to act on a drill pipe - generally designated 2 - has as main components a housing 3 and a percussion piston 4 movably guided therein. This is dimensioned shorter in the direction of its longitudinal axis 4a than the axial length of the housing 1 and provided with a through bore 4b with the bore diameter B. Spaces between the percussion piston 4 and the housing 3, which are not further designated, are represented by a control 5 with a feed line 6 hydraulic pressure medium and a return line 7 in connection. The control generates the periodic movement of the percussion piston 4 in the sense of the double arrow 8 in that it establishes a connection to a pressure medium source (not shown) or to the unpressurized return line 7 via the feed line 6.
  • the controller 5 and its interaction with the percussion piston 4 are not the subject of the invention and are known per se (cf. DE-C2-24 28 236): The only thing that is important in the context mentioned here is that the percussion piston 4 alternates a working movement in the direction of impact (ie downwards in FIG. 1) and in the return stroke direction (ie upwards in FIG. 1) with respect to the housing 3.
  • the design and mutual assignment of the components 3 and 4 is further selected so that the percussion piston 4 only protrudes from the housing 3 in the direction of impact (i.e. downwards in FIG. 1). Like the percussion piston, this is open on both sides - seen in its longitudinal direction. H. it has on its front side pointing in the direction of impact an outlet bore 3a adapted to the percussion piston and on its rear side a through bore 3b adapted to the drill pipe 2; the outer diameter of the drill pipe is designated G.
  • the ring 9 On the side facing the percussion piston 4, the ring 9 has a conically shaped counter surface 9a projecting towards it, which can be acted upon by the appropriately shaped percussion piston striking surface 4c during operation of the striking mechanism.
  • the formation of the surfaces 9a and 4c should contribute to the centering of the drill pipe 2 within the through hole 4b.
  • the distance denoted by s between the drill pipe 2 and the percussion piston 4 is several millimeters.
  • the drill pipe can be designed as a single pipe - indicated in FIG. 1 below by the reference number 12 - or as a double pipe, the tubular outer pipe (bottom left in FIG. 1) being designated 13; the inner rod running inside the outer rod is not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the drill pipe consists of a plurality of longitudinal sections 12a, b and 13a, b; these are detachably fastened to one another via a coupling part 14 or 15 receiving the ring 9.
  • FIG. 3 A different application of the striking mechanism 1 is shown by way of example in FIG. 3. This is arranged with respect to a double linkage - consisting of a tubular outer linkage 13 and an inner linkage 15 running therein - in such a way that on the one hand the hollow percussion piston 4 can act on the rear side 13c of the outer linkage (in the illustration above) on the rear side 13c of the outer linkage and on the other hand the inner linkage 15 records.
  • the rotary drives 16 and 17 for the outer linkage 13 and inner linkage 15 are arranged behind or in front of the striking mechanism 1, as seen in the direction of the drilling progress (arrow 11).
  • the embodiment in question has the advantage that the striking mechanism 1 - due to the normally existing anyway Multi-part design of the outer and inner rods 13 or 15 in the longitudinal direction - can be installed and used later if necessary.
  • the described design of the percussion mechanism allows, after all, to drive the drill pipe (possibly also the outer pipe of a double pipe) with a suitable design in both directions of its longitudinal extension.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a percussion mechanism for a drill string, having a percussion piston which is guided in a housing and moved to and fro under the action of a pressurised hydraulic medium. <??>In order to be able to act upon the drill string in different directions with percussion energy, if necessary, the invention proposes to design the housing (3) to be open on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the percussion piston (4) and to provide the latter with a passage bore (4b) into which the drill string (2) projects, at least with a part of its overall cross-section. Said drill string has a meeting face (9a) which can be acted upon by the percussion piston (4) and can be handled in such a way that the percussion direction of the percussion piston is reversible by transferring the percussion mechanism (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schlagwerk für ein Bohrgestänge insbesondere zum Gesteins- und Ankerlochbohren, mit einem an einem Gehäuse geführten Schlagkolben, der unter Einwirkung eines unter Druck stehenden Hydraulikmittels hin- und herbewegt wird.The invention relates to a percussion mechanism for a drill pipe, in particular for drilling rock and anchor holes, with a percussion piston guided on a housing, which is moved back and forth under the action of a pressurized hydraulic medium.

Die unterschiedliche, unter Umständen nicht vorhersehbare Ausbildung zu durchbohrender Gesteins- und/oder Materialschichtungen führt beim reinen Drehbohren häufig zu Schwierigkeiten bzw. einem erhöhten Aufwand; insbesondere bei der Bearbeitung stark abrasiver Materialien unterliegt die Bohrkrone des Bohrgestänges einem erhöhten Verschleiß mit der Folge, daß der Bohrfortschritt ggf. erheblich absinkt. Die betreffenden Schichtungen lassen sich daher in vielen Fällen nur dadurch wirtschaftlich durchbohren, daß das Bohrgestänge - zumindest zeitweilig - zusätzlich mit von einem Schlagwerk erzeugter Schlagenergie beaufschlagt wird.The different, possibly unpredictable formation of rock and / or material layers that can be drilled through often leads to difficulties or an increased effort in pure rotary drilling; especially when processing highly abrasive materials, the drill bit of the drill pipe is subject to increased wear, with the result that the drilling progress may drop considerably. In many cases, the stratifications in question can therefore only be drilled economically if the drill pipe is - at least temporarily - additionally subjected to impact energy generated by a striking mechanism.

Aus der DE-C1-35 03 893 ist eine Bohrvorrichtung für das sogenannte Doppelkopfbohren bekannt, deren Bohrgestänge aus einem rohrförmigen Außengestänge und einem in diesem verlaufenden Innengestänge besteht. Während das Außengestänge lediglich einen Drehantrieb aufweist, ist das Innengestänge mit einem Drehschlagantrieb ausgestattet.From DE-C1-35 03 893 a drilling device for so-called double-head drilling is known, the drill string of which consists of a tubular outer rod and an inner rod running in it. While the outer linkage only has a rotary drive, the inner linkage is equipped with a rotary impact drive.

Die bekannte Bohrvorrichtung kann so betrieben werden, daß das Außengestänge - im Gegensatz zum auch mit Schlagenergie beaufschlagten Innengestänge - nur gedreht wird bzw. daß die Schläge des Innengestänges über einen Ringkragen auch auf das Außengestänge übertragen werden. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, durch Abschalten des Schlagwerks mit ausschließlich drehendem Außen- und Innengestänge zu arbeiten.
Abhängig von den Arbeitsverhältnissen entstehen unter Umständen eine erhebliche Mantelreibung und/oder (beispielsweise durch im Bohrloch nachfallendes Material) Widerstände, welche das Bohren mittels des und das Ziehen des Außengestänges erschweren oder sogar unmöglich machen.
Zur Unterstützung des Ziehvorgangs ist mit der DE-A1-29 18 631 bereits die Ausgestaltung eines Schlagwerks mit einem Zusatzkolben vorgeschlagen worden; dieser dient ggf. dazu, die mit dem Schlagkolben zusammenwirkende Gegenfläche des Werkzeugs in Richtung auf den Schlagkolben an diesem in Anlage zu halten.
Mit dem in dieser Weise ausgestalteten Schlagwerk - das Bestandteil einer Bohrvorrichtung ist - lassen sich allerdings nicht in allen Fällen die dem Ziehvorgang entgegenwirkenden Widerstände überwinden.The known drilling device can be operated so that the outer linkage - in contrast to the inner linkage also subjected to impact energy - is only rotated or that the blows of the inner linkage are also transmitted to the outer linkage via an annular collar. It is also possible to work with only rotating outer and inner rods by switching off the striking mechanism.
Depending on the working conditions, there may be considerable casing friction and / or (for example due to material falling in the borehole) resistances, which make it difficult or even impossible to drill and pull the outer rod.
To support the drawing process, the design of a striking mechanism with an additional piston has already been proposed with DE-A1-29 18 631; if necessary, this serves to hold the counter surface of the tool interacting with the percussion piston in the direction of the percussion piston.
With the striking mechanism designed in this way - which is part of a drilling device - the resistances opposing the drawing process cannot be overcome in all cases.

Die Druckschrift US-A-3 833 072 beschreibt ein Schlagwerk für ein Bohrgestänge, dessen Schlagkolben sowohl unter Verwendung eines pneumatischen als auch eines hydraulischen Antriebsmittels hin- und herbewegt wird und - bedingt durch die Verwendung eines innenliegenden, mit dem Gehäuse verbundenen Rohrabschnitts - gegen das Bohrgestänge abgeschirmt ist. Die bekannte Vorrichtung ist im übrigen derart ausgebildet, daß der vollständig innerhalb des Gehäuses aufgenommene Schlagkolben auf das Gehäuse auftrifft und über dieses das Bohrgestänge in Vortriebsrichtung antreibt.The document US-A-3 833 072 describes a percussion mechanism for a drill pipe, the percussion piston of which is moved to and fro using both a pneumatic and a hydraulic drive means and - due to the use of an internal tube section connected to the housing - against this The drill pipe is shielded. The known device is otherwise designed such that the percussion piston completely accommodated within the housing strikes the housing and drives the drill pipe in the direction of advance via the latter.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein hydraulisch betriebenes Schlagwerk für ein Bohrgestänge zu entwickeln, dessen Einsatz mit vertretbarem Aufwand an unterschiedliche Arbeitsbedingungen angepaßt werden kann. Das Schlagwerk soll insbesondere so beschaffen sein, daß auch die zuvor beschriebenen, problematischen Bohrarbeiten noch wirtschaftlich durchgeführt werden können.The invention has for its object to develop a hydraulically operated hammer mechanism for a drill pipe, the use of which can be adapted to different working conditions with reasonable effort. The hammer mechanism should in particular be such that the problematic drilling work described above can still be carried out economically.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Schlagwerk mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht dabei darin, das den Schlagkolben abstützende Gehäuse beidseitig offen und den Schlagkolben selbst als Hohlkolben auszubilden, in dessen Durchgangsbohrung das Bohrgestänge zumindest mit einem Teil seines Gesamtquerschnitts hineinragt; im Normalfall wird dabei eine Anordnung vorliegen, bei welcher das Bohrgestänge zumindest mit einem Teil seines Gesamtquerschnitts durch den Hohlkolben hindurchgeführt ist.
Falls das Bohrgestänge - im Querschnitt gesehen - lediglich aus einem Einzelgestänge besteht, kann die gegenseitige Zuordnung derart getroffen sein, daß das Bohrgestänge in die Durchgangsbohrung hineinragt oder im Normalfall durch diese hindurchgeführt ist, wobei der Schlagkolben unmittelbar oder mittelbar (beispielsweise über ein am Bohrgestänge befestigtes Schlagstück) in Schlagrichtung auf das Bohrgestänge einwirkt. Beim Zusammenwirken mit einem Doppelgestänge (bestehend aus einem Außengestänge und einem in diesem verlaufenden Innengestänge) kann die gegenseitige Zuordnung so getroffen sein, daß entweder nur das Innengestänge oder das Außen- und Innengestänge zumindest in den das Außengestänge antreibenden Schlagkolben hineinragt oder durch diesen hindurchgeführt ist.
Die Erfindung setzt dabei weiterhin voraus, daß das Bohrgestänge (ggf. also das Außengestänge eines Doppelgestänges) eine vom Schlagkolben beaufschlagbare Gegenfläche aufweist und in einer Weise handhabbar ist, welche das Umsetzen des Schlagwerks mit der sich daraus ergebenden Umkehr der Schlagrichtung ermöglicht; der Schlagkolben ragt dabei lediglich auf der dem Gehäuse zugewandten Seite aus diesem heraus. Eine vorteilhafte, im Normalfall ohnehin vorhandene Ausgestaltung des Bohrgestänges, welche den Ausbau des Schlagwerks zuläßt oder vereinfacht, besteht darin, daß das Bohrgestänge in voneinander lösbare Längsabschnitte unterteilt ist. Durch Lösen dieser Längsabschnitte voneinander im Bereich des Schlagwerks kann dieses von dem von ihm umschlossenen Bohrgestänge abgezogen und durch Drehen um eine (gedachte) Achse quer zu seiner Längsachse umgesetzt werden. Dies hat beispielsweise zur Folge, daß das zunächst in Richtung des Bohrfortschritts wirksame Schlagwerk nach dem Umsetzen in entgegengesetzter Richtung (also in Ziehrichtung) unmittelbar oder mittelbar über ein Schlagstück auf das Bohrgestänge (bzw. Außengestänge beim Doppelgestänge) einwirken kann. Die Erfindung ermöglicht es also, das Schlagwerk - abhängig von seiner Ankopplung an das Bohrgestänge - zur Beeinflussung des Bohrgestänges in Richtung des Bohrfortschritts oder in Ziehrichtung einzusetzen.
Der Durchmesser der Durchgangsbohrung muß derart bemessen sein, daß er unter Berücksichtigung der größtmöglichen Bohrgestänge-Durchbiegung mit ausreichendem Spiel größer ist als der Außendurchmesser des Bohrgestänges. Der Abstand zwischen dem Schlagkolben und dem erwähnten Außendurchmesser wird bei den hier angesprochenen Größenverhältnissen zumindest einige Millimeter betragen.The object is achieved by a striking mechanism with the features of claim 1. The basic idea of the invention is that the housing supporting the percussion piston is open on both sides and the percussion piston itself is designed as a hollow piston, in the through bore of which the drill pipe projects at least with part of its total cross section; in the normal case there will be an arrangement in which the drill pipe is passed through the hollow piston at least with part of its total cross section.
If the drill pipe - seen in cross section - consists only of a single pipe, the mutual assignment can be made such that the drill pipe protrudes into the through hole or is normally passed through it, the percussion piston directly or indirectly (for example via a drill pipe attached to the drill pipe Impact piece) acts in the direction of impact on the drill pipe. When interacting with a double linkage (consisting of an outer linkage and an inner linkage running in it), the mutual assignment can be such that either only the inner linkage or the outer and inner linkage projects at least into the percussion piston driving the outer linkage or is guided through it.
The invention further assumes that the drill pipe (possibly the outer pipe of a double pipe) has a counter surface that can be acted upon by the percussion piston and can be handled in a manner that enables the striking mechanism to be moved with the resultant reversal of the striking direction; the percussion piston only protrudes from the housing on the side facing it. An advantageous, in the normal case already existing configuration of the drill pipe, which allows or simplifies the expansion of the striking mechanism, consists in that the drill pipe is divided into detachable longitudinal sections. By detaching these longitudinal sections from one another in the area of the striking mechanism, the striking mechanism can be pulled off from the drill pipe enclosed by it and implemented transversely to its longitudinal axis by rotating about an (imaginary) axis. This has the consequence, for example, that the impact mechanism, which is initially effective in the direction of the drilling progress, can act directly or indirectly on the drill rod (or outer rod in the double rod) after it has been moved in the opposite direction (i.e. in the pulling direction). The invention thus makes it possible to use the hammer mechanism - depending on its coupling to the drill pipe - to influence the drill pipe in the direction of the drilling progress or in the direction of pull.
The diameter of the through hole must be dimensioned such that it is larger than the outside diameter of the drill pipe with sufficient play, taking into account the largest possible drill pipe deflection. The distance between the percussion piston and the outer diameter mentioned will be at least a few millimeters given the size relationships mentioned here.

Der Schlagkolben kann in der Weise ausgebildet sein, daß seine axiale Länge kürzer bemessen ist als diejenige des Gehäuses (Anspruch 2).The percussion piston can be designed in such a way that its axial length is shorter than that of the housing (claim 2).

Der störungsfreie Betrieb des Schlagwerks läßt sich dadurch zumindest unterstützen, daß die Gegenfläche des Schlagstücks in Richtung auf den Schlagkolben konisch geformt ist und dieser eine daran angepaßte Schlagfläche aufweist (Anspruch 3).The trouble-free operation of the striking mechanism can at least be supported by the counter surface of the striking element in the direction of the striking piston is conically shaped and this has an adapted face (claim 3).

Die für das Umsetzen des Schlagwerks bezüglich des Bohrgestänges erforderliche Ausgestaltung läßt sich in einfacher Weise dadurch verwirklichen, daß die Gegenfläche Bestandteil eines Rings ist, welcher sich, lösbar ausgebildet, in Schlagrichtung an einer Anschlagfläche des Bohrgestänges abstützt (Anspruch 4). Der Ring kann dabei insbesondere aus mehreren miteinander verschraubbaren Ringsegmenten bestehen. Eine andere, zweckmäßige Ausbildung des Rings ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser mehrere, gelenkig miteinander verbundene Ringsegmente mit einem Verschlußelement, beispielsweise in Gestalt einer Spannschraube, aufweist.The configuration required for the implementation of the striking mechanism with respect to the drill pipe can be realized in a simple manner in that the counter surface is part of a ring which, detachably, is supported in the direction of impact on a stop surface of the drill pipe (claim 4). The ring can in particular consist of several ring segments which can be screwed together. Another useful design of the ring is characterized in that it has a plurality of ring segments which are connected to one another in an articulated manner and have a closure element, for example in the form of a tensioning screw.

Wie bereits erwähnt worden ist, kann der Erfindungsgegenstand nicht nur dazu eingesetzt werden, ein normales Bohrgestänge (in Gestalt eines Einzelgestänges) in Richtung des Bohrfortschritts bzw. in dazu entgegengesetzter Ziehrichtung anzutreiben.
Sofern die Bohrvorrichtung mit einem Doppelgestänge (vgl. DE-C1-35 03 893) ausgestattet ist, kann das Schlagwerk auch an das zugehörige Außengestänge angekoppelt werden (Anspruch 5). Eine derartige Ausführungsform - bei welcher die Durchgangsbohrung des Schlagkolbens das Innengestänge oder das Außen- und das Innengestänge aufnimmt - ermöglicht es, das durch Mantelreibung und/oder nachfallendes Material festgehaltene Außengestänge zu ziehen oder beim Bohrvorgang durch Beaufschlagen mit Schlagenergie zusätzlich anzutreiben.As has already been mentioned, the subject of the invention can not only be used to drive a normal drill pipe (in the form of a single pipe) in the direction of the drilling progress or in the opposite direction of pull.
If the drilling device is equipped with a double rod (cf. DE-C1-35 03 893), the striking mechanism can also be coupled to the associated outer rod (claim 5). Such an embodiment - in which the through bore of the percussion piston receives the inner linkage or the outer and the inner linkage - makes it possible to pull the outer linkage held in place by casing friction and / or falling material or to additionally drive it during the drilling process by applying impact energy.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert.
Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
stark schematisiert einen Teil-Längsschnitt durch ein Schlagwerk, dessen hohl ausgebildeter Schlagkolben in Richtung des Bohrfortschritts auf ein Bohrgestänge (rechte Hälfte des Bohrgestänges) beziehungsweise auf das Außengestänge eines Doppelgestänges (linke Hälfte des Bohrgestänges) einwirkt,
Fig. 2
einen Teilschnitt durch das Schlagwerk gemäß Fig. 1 im Bereich der Schlagfläche des Schlagkolbens nach dem Umsetzen, d. h. mit der Möglichkeit der Einwirkung des Schlagkolbens auf das Bohrgestänge in Ziehrichtung, und
Fig. 3
stark schematisiert eine Bohrvorrichtung nebst Schlagwerk mit einem Schlagkolben, der unmittelbar auf das Außengestänge eines Doppelgestänges einwirkt und durch den das Innengestänge hindurchgeführt ist.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.
Show it:
Fig. 1
highly schematic, a partial longitudinal section through a hammer mechanism, the hollow piston of which acts in the direction of drilling progress on a drill pipe (right half of the drill pipe) or on the outer pipe of a double pipe (left half of the drill pipe),
Fig. 2
a partial section through the striking mechanism according to FIG. 1 in the area of the striking surface of the percussion piston after the transfer, ie with the possibility of the impact of the percussion piston on the drill pipe in the pulling direction, and
Fig. 3
highly schematized a drilling device together with percussion mechanism with a percussion piston, which acts directly on the outer linkage of a double linkage and through which the inner linkage is guided.

Das Schlagwerk 1, mit dem auf ein Bohrgestänge - allgemein mit 2 bezeichnet - eingewirkt werden kann, weist als Hauptbestandteile ein Gehäuse 3 und einen beweglich in diesem geführten Schlagkolben 4 auf. Dieser ist in Richtung seiner Längsachse 4a kürzer bemessen als die axiale Länge des Gehäuses 1 und mit einer Durchgangsbohrung 4b mit dem Bohrungsdurchmesser B versehen.
Nicht weiter bezeichnete Zwischenräume zwischen dem Schlagkolben 4 und dem Gehäuse 3 stehen über eine Steuerung 5 mit einer Zuführleitung 6 für ein hydraulisches Druckmittel und einer Rücklaufleitung 7 in Verbindung. Die Steuerung erzeugt die periodische Bewegung des Schlagkolbens 4 im Sinne des Doppelpfeils 8 dadurch, daß sie über die Zuführleitung 6 eine Verbindung mit einer nicht dargestellten Druckmittelquelle oder mit der drucklosen Rücklaufleitung 7 herstellt. Die Steuerung 5 und ihr Zusammenwirken mit dem Schlagkolben 4 sind nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung und an sich bekannt (vgl. dazu DE-C2-24 28 236): Wesentlich ist in dem hier angesprochenen Zusammenhang nur, daß der Schlagkolben 4 abwechselnd eine Arbeitsbewegung in Schlagrichtung (d. h. in Fig. 1 nach unten) und in Rückhubrichtung (d. h. in Fig. 1 nach oben) bezüglich des Gehäuses 3 ausführen kann.The percussion mechanism 1, which can be used to act on a drill pipe - generally designated 2 - has as main components a housing 3 and a percussion piston 4 movably guided therein. This is dimensioned shorter in the direction of its longitudinal axis 4a than the axial length of the housing 1 and provided with a through bore 4b with the bore diameter B.
Spaces between the percussion piston 4 and the housing 3, which are not further designated, are represented by a control 5 with a feed line 6 hydraulic pressure medium and a return line 7 in connection. The control generates the periodic movement of the percussion piston 4 in the sense of the double arrow 8 in that it establishes a connection to a pressure medium source (not shown) or to the unpressurized return line 7 via the feed line 6. The controller 5 and its interaction with the percussion piston 4 are not the subject of the invention and are known per se (cf. DE-C2-24 28 236): The only thing that is important in the context mentioned here is that the percussion piston 4 alternates a working movement in the direction of impact (ie downwards in FIG. 1) and in the return stroke direction (ie upwards in FIG. 1) with respect to the housing 3.

Die Ausbildung und gegenseitige Zuordnung der Bestandteile 3 und 4 ist weiterhin so gewählt, daß der Schlagkolben 4 lediglich in Schlagrichtung (d. h. in Fig. 1 nach unten) aus dem Gehäuse 3 herausragt. Dieses ist ebenso wie der Schlagkolben - in dessen Längsrichtung gesehen - beidseitig offen, d. h. es weist an seiner in Schlagrichtung weisenden Vorderseite eine an den Schlagkolben angepaßte Austrittsbohrung 3a und an seiner Rückseite eine an das Bohrgestänge 2 angepaßte Durchführbohrung 3b auf; der Außendurchmesser des Bohrgestänges ist mit G bezeichnet.The design and mutual assignment of the components 3 and 4 is further selected so that the percussion piston 4 only protrudes from the housing 3 in the direction of impact (i.e. downwards in FIG. 1). Like the percussion piston, this is open on both sides - seen in its longitudinal direction. H. it has on its front side pointing in the direction of impact an outlet bore 3a adapted to the percussion piston and on its rear side a through bore 3b adapted to the drill pipe 2; the outer diameter of the drill pipe is designated G.

Das mittels des Schlagkolbens 4 anzutreibende Bohrgestänge 2, welches durch diesen und durch das Gehäuse 3 hindurchgeführt ist, trägt außerhalb des Gehäuses 4 ein lösbar angebrachtes Schlagstück in Gestalt eines mehrteiligen Rings 9, welcher sich in Schlagrichtung des Schlagkolbens 4 an einer Anschlagfläche 2a des Bohrgestänges abstützt; die Möglichkeit, den Ring 9 - beispielsweise durch eine Bewegung senkrecht zur Zeichenebene - von dem Bohrgestänge 2 abzuziehen bzw. an diesem anzubringen, ist schematisch durch einen Doppelpfeil 10 angedeutet.
Der Ring 9 weist auf der dem Schlagkolben 4 zugewandten Seite eine in Richtung auf diesen vorspringende, konisch geformte Gegenfläche 9a auf, welche während des Betriebes des Schlagwerks von der angepaßt geformten Schlagkolben-Schlagfläche 4c beaufschlagt werden kann. Die Ausbildung der Flächen 9a und 4c soll zur Zentrierung des Bohrgestänges 2 innerhalb der Durchgangsbohrung 4b beitragen. Der mit s bezeichnete Abstand zwischen dem Bohrgestänge 2 und dem Schlagkolben 4 beträgt mehrere Millimeter.The drill rod 2 to be driven by the percussion piston 4, which is guided through it and through the housing 3, carries a detachably attached percussion piece in the form of a multi-part ring 9 outside the housing 4, which is supported in the direction of impact of the percussion piston 4 on a stop surface 2a of the drill pipe ; the possibility of the ring 9 - for example by moving perpendicular to the plane of the drawing - from the Pulling off drill pipe 2 or attaching it to it is schematically indicated by a double arrow 10.
On the side facing the percussion piston 4, the ring 9 has a conically shaped counter surface 9a projecting towards it, which can be acted upon by the appropriately shaped percussion piston striking surface 4c during operation of the striking mechanism. The formation of the surfaces 9a and 4c should contribute to the centering of the drill pipe 2 within the through hole 4b. The distance denoted by s between the drill pipe 2 and the percussion piston 4 is several millimeters.

Die Inbetriebnahme des Schlagwerks 1 in der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 1 hat zur Folge, daß der Schlagkolben 4 über seine Schlagfläche 4c und den Ring 9 auf das Bohrgestänge 2 einwirkt und dieses in Richtung des Bohrfortschritts - angedeutet durch einen nach unten gerichteten Pfeil 11 - antreibt. Das Bohrgestänge kann dabei als Einzelgestänge - angedeutet in Fig. 1 unten durch das Bezugszeichen 12 - oder als Doppelgestänge ausgebildet sein, dessen rohrförmiges Außengestänge (in Fig. 1 links unten) mit 13 bezeichnet ist; das innerhalb des Außengestänges verlaufende Innengestänge ist aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt.1 has the result that the percussion piston 4 acts on the drill rod 2 via its striking surface 4c and the ring 9 and drives it in the direction of the drilling progress - indicated by an arrow 11 pointing downwards . The drill pipe can be designed as a single pipe - indicated in FIG. 1 below by the reference number 12 - or as a double pipe, the tubular outer pipe (bottom left in FIG. 1) being designated 13; the inner rod running inside the outer rod is not shown for reasons of clarity.

Um nach dem Lösen des Rings 9 vom Bohrgestänge das Schlagwerk 1 abziehen und umsetzen zu können, besteht das Bohrgestänge aus mehreren in Längsrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Längsabschnitten 12a, b bzw. 13a, b; diese sind über ein den Ring 9 aufnehmendes Kupplungsteil 14 bzw. 15 lösbar aneinander befestigt.In order to be able to pull off and implement the striking mechanism 1 after loosening the ring 9 from the drill pipe, the drill pipe consists of a plurality of longitudinal sections 12a, b and 13a, b; these are detachably fastened to one another via a coupling part 14 or 15 receiving the ring 9.

Nach Abschluß des Umsetzvorgangs - bei dem das Schlagwerk 1 um eine gedachte Achse senkrecht zur Längsachse 4a um 180° gedreht worden ist - ergibt sich schließlich die Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2; dargestellt ist dabei aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit lediglich das Bohrgestänge 12 mit den Längsabschnitten 12a und 12b nebst Kupplungsteil 14.
Das Schlagwerk 1 nimmt nunmehr eine Stellung ein, bei welcher der Schlagkolben 4 über die Flächen 4c, 9a und den Ring 9 in einer zur Richtung des Bohrfortschritts (Pfeil 11) entgegengesetzten Richtung, also in der durch einen Pfeil 16 angedeuteten Ziehrichtung, auf das Bohrgestänge 12 einwirken kann. Die Inbetriebnahme des Schlagwerks hat dementsprechend zur Folge, daß das Bohrgestänge aus dem (nicht dargestellten) Bohrloch herausgezogen wird.
Entsprechendes würde im Hinblick auf das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Außengestänge 13 eines Doppelgestänges gelten, sofern der Schlagkolben 4 über den Ring 9 das Außengestänge mit Schlagenergie beaufschlagt.After completion of the conversion process - in which the striking mechanism 1 about an imaginary axis perpendicular to Longitudinal axis 4a has been rotated by 180 ° - finally the arrangement according to FIG. 2 results; for reasons of clarity, only the drill pipe 12 with the longitudinal sections 12a and 12b together with the coupling part 14 is shown.
The percussion mechanism 1 now assumes a position in which the percussion piston 4 over the surfaces 4c, 9a and the ring 9 in a direction opposite to the direction of the drilling progress (arrow 11), that is to say in the direction of drawing indicated by an arrow 16, onto the drill pipe 12 can act. The commissioning of the hammer mechanism accordingly has the consequence that the drill pipe is pulled out of the borehole (not shown).
The same would apply with regard to the outer linkage 13 of a double linkage shown in FIG. 1, provided that the percussion piston 4 acts upon the outer linkage with impact energy via the ring 9.

In Fig. 3 ist beispielhaft eine andersartige Anwendungsmöglichkeit des Schlagwerks 1 dargestellt. Dieses ist bezüglich eines Doppelgestänges - bestehend aus einem rohrförmigen Außengestänge 13 und einem in diesem verlaufenden Innengestänge 15 - derart angeordnet, daß einerseits der hohle Schlagkolben 4 über seine Schlagfläche 4c die (in der Darstellung obenliegende) Rückseite 13c des Außengestänges beaufschlagen kann und andererseits das Innengestänge 15 aufnimmt. Die Drehantriebe 16 und 17 für das Außengestänge 13 bzw. Innengestänge 15 sind - in Richtung des Bohrfortschritts (Pfeil 11) gesehen - hinter bzw. vor dem Schlagwerk 1 angeordnet.
Die in Rede stehende Ausführungsform weist den Vorteil auf, daß sich das Schlagwerk 1 - bedingt durch die normalerweise ohnehin vorhandene mehrteilige Ausführung des Außen- und Innengestänges 13 bzw. 15 in Längsrichtung - im Bedarfsfall nachträglich einbauen und einsetzen läßt.A different application of the striking mechanism 1 is shown by way of example in FIG. 3. This is arranged with respect to a double linkage - consisting of a tubular outer linkage 13 and an inner linkage 15 running therein - in such a way that on the one hand the hollow percussion piston 4 can act on the rear side 13c of the outer linkage (in the illustration above) on the rear side 13c of the outer linkage and on the other hand the inner linkage 15 records. The rotary drives 16 and 17 for the outer linkage 13 and inner linkage 15 are arranged behind or in front of the striking mechanism 1, as seen in the direction of the drilling progress (arrow 11).
The embodiment in question has the advantage that the striking mechanism 1 - due to the normally existing anyway Multi-part design of the outer and inner rods 13 or 15 in the longitudinal direction - can be installed and used later if necessary.

Die beschriebene Ausgestaltung des Schlagwerks gestattet es nach alledem, das Bohrgestänge (ggf. also auch das Außengestänge eines Doppelgestänges) bei geeigneter Ausgestaltung auch in beiden Richtungen seiner Längserstreckung anzutreiben.The described design of the percussion mechanism allows, after all, to drive the drill pipe (possibly also the outer pipe of a double pipe) with a suitable design in both directions of its longitudinal extension.

Claims (5)

  1. Percussion mechanism (1) for a drill string (2; 12 or 13), in particular for rock and roof-bolt drilling, with a percussion piston (4), which is moved back and forth by the action of a hydraulic medium under pressure, is mounted on a housing (3) open on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the percussion piston (4) and is equipped with a through-hole (4b), wherein the drill string (2; 12 or 13) - having an opposing surface (9a) which may be acted on by the percussion piston (4) and forms a component part of a percussion part (9) - projects into the through-hole (4b), and wherein the percussion piston (4) only projects in longitudinal direction from the housing (3) on the side facing the percussion part (9), and the percussion mechanism (1) is arranged to rotate about an imaginary axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drill string (2; 12 or 13), so that the percussion piston (4) acts on the drill string (2; 12 or 13) in a contrary direction.
  2. Percussion mechanism according to Claim 1, characterised in that the axial length of the percussion piston (4) is shorter in dimension than that of the housing (3).
  3. Percussion mechanism according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the opposing surface (9a) is conically shaped towards the percussion piston, and this has an impact surface (4c) adapted thereto.
  4. Percussion mechanism according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the opposing surface is a component part of a ring (9), which is detachably constructed and is supported on a stop surface (2a) of the drill string (2) in the direction of impact.
  5. Percussion mechanism according to at least one of the preceding claims for a drilling device with a double drill string comprising a tubular outer string and an independently movable inner string extending therein, characterised in that the drill string to be driven is formed by the outer string (13).
EP92105874A 1991-04-24 1992-04-04 Percussion mechanism for drill string Expired - Lifetime EP0510416B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4113323A DE4113323A1 (en) 1991-04-24 1991-04-24 PERFORMANCE FOR A DRILL ROD
DE4113323 1991-04-24

Publications (3)

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EP0510416A2 EP0510416A2 (en) 1992-10-28
EP0510416A3 EP0510416A3 (en) 1993-07-14
EP0510416B1 true EP0510416B1 (en) 1997-01-15

Family

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EP92105874A Expired - Lifetime EP0510416B1 (en) 1991-04-24 1992-04-04 Percussion mechanism for drill string

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US (1) US5259464A (en)
EP (1) EP0510416B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05113092A (en)
AT (1) ATE147830T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4113323A1 (en)

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SE508003C2 (en) * 1992-04-09 1998-08-10 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Rock drilling device with storage device
CH686837A5 (en) * 1993-05-19 1996-07-15 Klemm Guenter Fluidbetaetigter hammer.
DE4343589C1 (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-04-27 Klemm Guenter Fluid operated hammer
DE4404009C1 (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-04-27 Klemm Guenter Fluid-operated impact hammer
AT407919B (en) * 1998-01-19 2001-07-25 Boehler Pneumatik Internat Gmb PNEUMATICALLY OR HYDRAULICALLY OPERATING HAMMER AND USE OF THE HAMMER TO OPEN OR SEAL A TAP OPENING OF A METALLURGICAL VESSEL
JP3817617B2 (en) 1999-05-10 2006-09-06 新日本製鐵株式会社 Drilling device
DE102004017940A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-11-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schlagwerk for a hand tool
SE535393C2 (en) 2011-05-03 2012-07-24 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab A stroke transfer part, and a drill comprising such a stroke transfer part
AT511810B1 (en) * 2011-09-27 2013-03-15 Tmt Bbg Res And Dev Gmbh HITCH FOR A HAMMAR EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR DISPLAYING A HITCH OPENING
FR3026041B1 (en) * 2014-09-18 2017-03-31 Montabert Roger HYDRAULIC PERFORATION APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING MINE HOLES

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5259464A (en) 1993-11-09
ATE147830T1 (en) 1997-02-15
JPH05113092A (en) 1993-05-07
DE4113323A1 (en) 1992-10-29
EP0510416A2 (en) 1992-10-28
DE59207875D1 (en) 1997-02-27
EP0510416A3 (en) 1993-07-14

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