EP0497092B1 - Self-supporting hood for vehicles - Google Patents

Self-supporting hood for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0497092B1
EP0497092B1 EP92100121A EP92100121A EP0497092B1 EP 0497092 B1 EP0497092 B1 EP 0497092B1 EP 92100121 A EP92100121 A EP 92100121A EP 92100121 A EP92100121 A EP 92100121A EP 0497092 B1 EP0497092 B1 EP 0497092B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hood
bead
hood according
hoods
self
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP92100121A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0497092A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Dr. Ebert
Olaf Elsner
Jürgen Schnaas
Michael Hellenkamp
Winfried Griep
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Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
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Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D39/00—Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs
    • B61D39/002—Sliding or folding roofs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-supporting hood for vehicles, in particular for rail freight wagons, consisting of displaceable hood halves which, in conjunction with end walls and, if appropriate, a fixed central portal, cover the loading space of the vehicle.
  • a self-supporting hood of the type mentioned is known from DE-A-3 312 001.
  • a central portal firmly connected to the underframe is arranged without struts and each hood covering the loading space between an end wall and the central portal is clamped in the closed position at its front longitudinal end in the longitudinal direction with positive and non-positive locking to the front wall.
  • the hood On its long sides below near the front longitudinal end with stop pieces in the direction of the end wall, the hood stands with play in front of stop cams on the frame of the base of the rail freight wagon.
  • the hood can be placed with its rollers on the rails from the closed position by means of the actuating device. It can be raised into the shift position and can be swung out and set down using special device elements.
  • hoods which are raised by means of an actuating device and moved over the central portal and the other hood which is in the closed position.
  • the hoods can be used to secure cargo in the transverse direction of the vehicle as well as Stabilize the end walls as a result of longitudinal forces, e.g. by buffering.
  • a disadvantage of the known hoods is the insufficient stiffness of the walls, especially in the event of pressure fluctuations, such as occur in rail traffic at high speeds in the tunnel, particularly when encountering trains.
  • hoods for rail freight cars are known, which is designed as a three-sided closed box without a bottom part and can be lowered onto the goods to be transported from above.
  • This hood construction is self-supporting and sufficiently stable, but due to its weight under additional integrated end walls it is not suitable for lateral displacement. Rather, the well-known hood construction is slipped onto the goods to be transported from above using a crane.
  • the object of the present invention is to design self-supporting hoods for vehicles, in particular for railway freight wagons, in such a way that they withstand high pressure fluctuations and wind forces and, if appropriate, serve as load securing and as a load-bearing component integrated into the car body in their closed position.
  • the corrugated sheet or trapezoidal sheet metal according to the invention is connected in the side wall area for the construction of a pure weather protection hood without an inner smooth sheet metal and for the construction of a hood as load securing device against falling out of the load or as a component carrying the car body in the closed position with an internal smooth sheet metal to form a sandwich element.
  • the connection can preferably be made by clinching (e.g. clinching, pressure joining), but also by spot welding, gluing, riveting or screwing.
  • each hood half consists of a hood frame which has a lower flange (11), a roof flange (12) and two side rails (13). To move the hood halves it is necessary to lift them by their lower chords (11) and spread them outwards. The hood half thus spread is raised and pushed over the adjacent hood half.
  • a particular embodiment of the invention consists in that the last bead (17) and the adjacent first bead (18) of each bead element (14) are arranged in an overlapping manner and punctual connection points (19) are arranged in the area of a sheet metal double (20), wherein in the vicinity of the connection point (19) in the sheet metal duplication (20) parallel to the beads (17, 18) extending sheet metal strips (28) are inserted and clamped.
  • the last bead (17) and the first bead (18) of adjacent trapezoidal sheets (15) are preferably overlapped and the point connection points (19) are arranged in the region of a triple sheet layer (21).
  • each hood (4, 4 ') is divided lengthways, the respective halves (4a, 4b or 4a', 4b ') being hingedly connected to one another with hinges (9) or slidably attached to a roof rack of the freight car.
  • the separation gap between the hood halves is sealed with the aid of an elastic cover (10), which is attached to two hood halves that belong to one another.
  • each hood half consists of a lower flange (11), a roof flange (12), two side rails (13), all of which together form the light hood frame after fusion welding or after screwing, as well as the inserted and connected bead elements ( 14), consisting of an external trapezoidal sheet (15) and possibly an internal smooth sheet (16).
  • the hoods are preferably designed with an inner smooth sheet (16) so that the hoods (4 or 4 ') can be opened easily when the load has slipped and lies against the side wall of the hoods.
  • the individual bead elements (14) consist at least of trapezoidal sheets (15) (FIG. 3) which are bent or kinked perpendicularly to the beads in accordance with the car contour, but other shapes such as corrugated sheet, etc. are also possible, which form sandwich-like elements on the inside of the car can be supplemented by smooth sheets (16).
  • the individual trapezoidal sheets (15) limited in their production width are - according to the hood length - placed next to each other in such a way that the last bead (17) of the one overlaps the first bead (18) of the other and the connection of the elements preferably by means of clinching points (e.g. B. clinch points, pressure joining points) (19) in the resulting sheet metal duplication (20) happens (Fig. 8).
  • all three sheet metal layers (21) are connected to one another in one work step by means of clinching points (19). This triple connection is not possible, for example, by spot welding.
  • connection of the bead elements (14) described to the lower flange (11), side rails (13) and roof flange (12) is also preferably accomplished by clinching.
  • these profiles (11, 12, 13) each have corresponding tabs (22, 23, 24) on which the bead elements (14) rest and - like the trapezoidal sheets (15) with one another - are attached by means of clinching points (25).
  • Lower flange (11) and roof flange (12) are U-shaped, so that the ends of the bead elements (14) can be inserted there and held in addition.
  • Side bars (13) are designed in their cross-sectional shape so that they adapt to the last bead of the trapezoidal sheet (15) (Fig. 6).
  • hoods (4 or 4 ') according to the invention particular importance is attached to adequate sealing against rainwater / snow, the aim being to largely dispense with the plastic sealing compounds which are unpopular in production and maintenance.
  • the lower flange (11) is designed in such a way that the leg (22) inside the carriage is significantly longer than the leg outside the carriage (26), so that water collects in the lower flange despite the provided drain holes (27) overflowing to the outside , instead of ascending between rag (22) and beading element (14) and getting inside the car.
  • the side rails (13) also have the usual labyrinth seals (6) for sealing reasons, which are expediently integrated into the side walls (13) by appropriate design of the aluminum extrusion profiles that are preferably to be used.
  • metallic (preferably also aluminum) sealing strips (28) are inserted at the connections between the trapezoidal profiles (15) in the vicinity of the clinching points (19), which are clamped by the clinching process and thus water-permeable gaps are avoided (Fig. 8).
  • the structure and functionality of the self-supporting hoods according to the invention result, which can be used not only for expandable hoods, but also for sliding walls and sliding doors in vehicles.
  • the peculiarity of these hoods is that they are used either as pure weather protection, so that in addition to their own weight and aerodynamic forces, no other forces, e.g. B. must be absorbed by shifted cargo or buffer bumps, or they can be used as weather protection with additional cargo securing, since the hoods of the invention have a high rigidity in the longitudinal and transverse directions by their design.
  • a special feature of the self-supporting hoods according to the invention is that the individual, vertically arranged profiled sheets are bent transversely to the beads in order to achieve the cross-sectional contour of the carriage.
  • Several of these prefabricated elements placed side by side form the main part of the hoods according to the invention.
  • the hood frames and sealing elements mentioned are required for completion.
  • the beads and trapezoidal sheets can be manufactured on conventional roll formers, the manufacturing effort for the connection technology being relatively low, because the preformed profile sheets are only used in a profile frame and are connected to one another by the known clinching technique.
  • the vertical arrangement of the trapezoidal panels has the advantage that the load-bearing capacity of the hoods is very high in relation to their weight and that no additional design measures have to be taken to avoid water or snow accumulation in the roof area of the hoods.
  • the tightness of the hood construction can be ensured by suitable means - as specified in claims 11 to 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

1. Self-supporting hood for vehicles. 2.1 Self-supporting hoods for vehicles, in particular for railway goods wagons which cover the loading space in conjunction with end walls and, if appropriate, a permanently arranged central gantry and in the closed position are located in a plane, have the disadvantage that the rigidity of the walls, principally when subjected to alternating pressure loads such as occur in railways at high speeds in a tunnel, in particular when trains pass, is not sufficient. 2.2 Self-supporting hoods for vehicles, in particular railway goods wagons, are to be designed in such a way that they withstand high alternating pressure loads and windforces and, if appropriate, serve as a means of securing freight and in their closed position serve as a component which is integrated into the wagon body and has a supporting function. The self-supporting hoods are characterised in that each hood half (4a, b) is composed of a hood frame (11, 12, 13) made of metal profiles and flange elements (14) which are then inserted. 2.3 The hoods according to the invention are preferably used for railway goods wagons. 3.1 Fig. 2 serves to clarify the invention.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbsttragende Haube für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere für Eisenbahngüterwagen, bestehend aus verschiebbaren Haubenhälften, die in Verbindung mit Stirnwänden und ggfs. fest angeordnetem Mittelportal den Laderaum des Fahrzeugs abdecken.The invention relates to a self-supporting hood for vehicles, in particular for rail freight wagons, consisting of displaceable hood halves which, in conjunction with end walls and, if appropriate, a fixed central portal, cover the loading space of the vehicle.

Eine selbsttragende Haube der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE-A-3 312 001 bekannt. Dabei wird ein fest mit dem Untergestell verbundenes Mittelportal unverstrebt angeordnet und jede den Laderaum zwischen einer Stirnwand und dem Mittelportal abdeckende Haube in Schließstellung an ihrem stirnseitigen Längsende in Längsrichtung form- und kraftschlüssig mit der Stirnwand verklammert. Auf ihren Längsseiten unten nahe dem stirnseitigen Längsende mit Anschlagstücken in Richtung Stirnwand steht die Haube mit Spiel vor Anschlagnocken am Rahmen des Untergestells des Eisenbahngüterwagens. Die Haube kann mittels der Betätigungseinrichtung aus der Schließstellung mit ihren Laufrollen auf die Laufschienen gesetzt werden. Sie ist in die Verschiebestellung anhebbar und über spezielle Vorrichtungselemente ausschwenkbar und absetzbar.A self-supporting hood of the type mentioned is known from DE-A-3 312 001. In this case, a central portal firmly connected to the underframe is arranged without struts and each hood covering the loading space between an end wall and the central portal is clamped in the closed position at its front longitudinal end in the longitudinal direction with positive and non-positive locking to the front wall. On its long sides below near the front longitudinal end with stop pieces in the direction of the end wall, the hood stands with play in front of stop cams on the frame of the base of the rail freight wagon. The hood can be placed with its rollers on the rails from the closed position by means of the actuating device. It can be raised into the shift position and can be swung out and set down using special device elements.

Aus der DE-C-923 669 und DE-A-2 910 799 sind weitere selbsttragende Hauben bekannt, die mittels einer Betätigungseinrichtung angehoben und über das Mittelportal und die sich in Schließstellung befindliche andere Haube verschoben werden. Die Hauben können zur Ladegutsicherung in Fahrzeugquerrichtung sowie zur Stabilisierung der Stirnwände infolge auftretender Längskräfte z.B. durch Pufferstöße beitragen.From DE-C-923 669 and DE-A-2 910 799 further self-supporting hoods are known which are raised by means of an actuating device and moved over the central portal and the other hood which is in the closed position. The hoods can be used to secure cargo in the transverse direction of the vehicle as well as Stabilize the end walls as a result of longitudinal forces, e.g. by buffering.

Nachteilig bei den bekannten Hauben ist die zu geringe Steifigkeit der Wände vor allem bei Druckwechselbeanspruchungen, wie sie im Eisenbahnverkehr bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten im Tunnel, insbesondere bei Zugbegegnungen auftreten.A disadvantage of the known hoods is the insufficient stiffness of the walls, especially in the event of pressure fluctuations, such as occur in rail traffic at high speeds in the tunnel, particularly when encountering trains.

Aus der US-A-2 977 900 sind Hauben für Eisenbahngüterwagen bekannt, die als dreiseitig geschlossene Kiste ohne Bodenteil ausgebildet ist und auf die Transportgüter von oben abgesenkt werden kann. Diese Haubenkonstruktion ist zwar selbsttragend und ausreichend stabil, jedoch aufgrund ihres Gewichtes unter zusätzlichen fest integrierten Stirnwände nicht für die seitliche Verschiebung geeignet. Vielmehr wird die bekannte Haubenkonstruktion über einen Kran von oben auf das Transportgut aufgestülpt.From US-A-2 977 900 hoods for rail freight cars are known, which is designed as a three-sided closed box without a bottom part and can be lowered onto the goods to be transported from above. This hood construction is self-supporting and sufficiently stable, but due to its weight under additional integrated end walls it is not suitable for lateral displacement. Rather, the well-known hood construction is slipped onto the goods to be transported from above using a crane.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, selbsttragende Hauben für Fahrzeuge insbesondere für Eisenbahngüterwagen so zu gestalten, daß sie hohen Druckwechselbelastungen sowie Windkräften standhalten und ggfs. als Ladegutsicherung und als in ihrer Schließstellung in den Wagenkasten integriertes, mittragendes Bauteil dienen.The object of the present invention is to design self-supporting hoods for vehicles, in particular for railway freight wagons, in such a way that they withstand high pressure fluctuations and wind forces and, if appropriate, serve as load securing and as a load-bearing component integrated into the car body in their closed position.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Durch diese Merkmale können die gestellten Anforderungen bei gleichzeitig niedrigem fertigungsaufwand und geringem Gewicht der Hauben erfüllt werden.The object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Through these features, the requirements are met with low manufacturing costs and low weight of the hoods.

Das erfindungsgemäße Sicken- oder Trapezblech ist im Seitenwandbereich für den Bau einer reinen Wetterschutzhaube ohne innenliegendes Glattblech und für den Bau einer Haube als Ladegutsicherung gegen das Hinausfallen verrutschter Ladung oder als in Schließstellung den Wagenkasten mittragendes Bauteil mit einem innenliegenden Glattblech zu einem Sandwich-Element verbunden. Die Verbindung kann vorzugsweise durch Durchsetzfügen (z. B. Clinchen, Druckfügen), jedoch auch durch Punktschweißen, Kleben, Nieten oder Schrauben erfolgen.The corrugated sheet or trapezoidal sheet metal according to the invention is connected in the side wall area for the construction of a pure weather protection hood without an inner smooth sheet metal and for the construction of a hood as load securing device against falling out of the load or as a component carrying the car body in the closed position with an internal smooth sheet metal to form a sandwich element. The connection can preferably be made by clinching (e.g. clinching, pressure joining), but also by spot welding, gluing, riveting or screwing.

Jede Haubenhälfte besteht erfindungsgemäß aus einem Haubenrahmen, der einen Untergurt (11), einen Dachgurt (12) und zwei Seitenholme (13) aufweist. Zum Verschieben der Haubenhälften ist es erforderlich, sie an ihren Untergurten (11) anzuheben und nach außen zu spreizen. Die derart gespreizte Haubenhälfte wird angehoben und über die benachbarte Haubenhälfte geschoben.According to the invention, each hood half consists of a hood frame which has a lower flange (11), a roof flange (12) and two side rails (13). To move the hood halves it is necessary to lift them by their lower chords (11) and spread them outwards. The hood half thus spread is raised and pushed over the adjacent hood half.

Eine besondere Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die jeweils letzte Sicke (17) und die benachbarte erste Sicke (18) jedes Sickenelements (14) überlappt angeordnet sind und punktuelle Verbindungsstellen (19) im Bereich einer Blech-Doppelung (20) angeordnet sind, wobei in der Nähe der Verbindungsstelle (19) in die Blech-Doppelung (20) parallel zu den Sicken (17, 18) verlaufende Blechstreifen (28) eingelegt und festgeklammert sind.A particular embodiment of the invention consists in that the last bead (17) and the adjacent first bead (18) of each bead element (14) are arranged in an overlapping manner and punctual connection points (19) are arranged in the area of a sheet metal double (20), wherein in the vicinity of the connection point (19) in the sheet metal duplication (20) parallel to the beads (17, 18) extending sheet metal strips (28) are inserted and clamped.

Dadurch kann eine Verbindung von drei Blechen gleichzeitig erfolgen. Um zusätzlich ein Glattblech mit dem Trapezblech zu verbinden, werden vorzugsweise die jeweils letzte Sicke (17) und die erste Sicke (18) benachbarter Trapezbleche (15) überlappt und die punktuellen Verbindungsstellen (19) im Bereich einer dreifachen Blechschicht (21) angeordnet.This allows three sheets to be connected at the same time. In order to additionally connect a smooth sheet to the trapezoidal sheet, the last bead (17) and the first bead (18) of adjacent trapezoidal sheets (15) are preferably overlapped and the point connection points (19) are arranged in the region of a triple sheet layer (21).

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of several exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Hauben im montierten Zustand
Figur 2
Gesamtansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Hauben
Figur 3
perspektivische Ansicht eines gebogenen Trapezblech-Elementes
Figur 4a
erfindungsgemäße Haubenhälfte im Querschnitt als Wetterschutzhaube
Figur 4b
erfindungsgemäße Haubenhälfte im Querschnitt mit glatter Innenseite
Figur 5a
querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Rahmenprofil (Untergurt) in Wetterschutzausführung
Figur 5b
Querschnitt gemäß Figur 5a mit innenliegendem Glattblech
Figur 6a
Querschnitt durch einen senkrechten Seitenholm in Wetterschutzausführung
Figur 6b
entsprechend Figur 6a mit innenliegendem Glattblech,
Figur 7
Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Dachgurt in Wetterschutzausführung
Figur 7b
entsprechend Figur 7a mit innenliegendem Glattblech
Figur 8a
Querschnitt durch die Verbindungsebene zwischen einzeinen Trapezblechen in Wetterschutzausführung
Figur 8b
entsprechend Figur 8a mit innenliegendem Glattblech
Der Laderaum eines hier als Beispiel gezeigten Eisenbahngüterwagens (Fig. 1) wird im wesentlichen durch den die Oberseite des Untergestells (1) bildenden Ladeboden (2), die Stirnwände (3) und die Hauben (4, 4') begrenzt. In Wagenlängsrichtung ist auf dem Untergestell (1) ein den Laderaum überspannendes Mittelportal (5) angeordnet, das am Untergestell (1) befestigt und unter Umständen zusätzlich in Längsrichtung verstrebt ist (z. B. Dachstrebe). In Schließstellung liegen die Hauben (4, 4') mit ihren Enden über einfache, in die Seitenholmprofile (13) durch Strangpressen integrierte Labyrinthdichtungen (6) mit Längs- und Querspiel in metallischen Labyrinthdichtungen (7) der Stirnwand (3) bzw. in metallischen Labyrinthdichtungen (8) des Mittelportals (5) an.Show it:
Figure 1
a perspective view of the hoods according to the invention in the assembled state
Figure 2
General view of the hoods according to the invention
Figure 3
perspective view of a curved trapezoidal sheet metal element
Figure 4a
Hood half according to the invention in cross section as a weather protection hood
Figure 4b
Hood half according to the invention in cross section with a smooth inside
Figure 5a
cross-section through an inventive frame profile (lower flange) in a weatherproof design
Figure 5b
Cross section according to Figure 5a with internal smooth sheet
Figure 6a
Cross section through a vertical side rail in weatherproof design
Figure 6b
according to FIG. 6a with an inner smooth sheet,
Figure 7
Cross section through a roof strap according to the invention in a weatherproof design
Figure 7b
corresponding to Figure 7a with internal smooth sheet
Figure 8a
Cross-section through the connection level between individual trapezoidal sheets in weatherproof design
Figure 8b
corresponding to Figure 8a with internal smooth sheet
The loading space of a railway freight wagon shown here as an example (FIG. 1) is essentially limited by the loading floor (2) forming the upper side of the base frame (1), the end walls (3) and the hoods (4, 4 '). In the longitudinal direction of the wagon, a central portal (5) spanning the loading space is arranged on the underframe (1), which is attached to the underframe (1) and, under certain circumstances, is additionally braced in the longitudinal direction (e.g. roof strut). In the closed position, the hoods (4, 4 ') lie with their ends over simple labyrinth seals (6) integrated into the side rail profiles (13) by extrusion with longitudinal and transverse play in metallic labyrinth seals (7) of the end wall (3) or in metallic ones Labyrinth seals (8) on the central portal (5).

Zu den mechanischen Verriegelungen sowie die Betätigungseinrichtung wird auf den eingangs zitierten Stand der Technik verwiesen.With regard to the mechanical interlocks and the actuating device, reference is made to the prior art cited at the beginning.

Die Hauben (4, 4') sind in ihrem querschnitt dem Fahrzeugbegrenzungsprofil für Eisenbahngüterwagen angenähert. In ihrem oberen Bereich ist jede Haube (4, 4') längsgeteilt, wobei die jeweiligen Hälften (4a, 4b bzw. 4a', 4b') mit Scharnieren (9) gelenkig miteinander verbunden oder an einem Dachträger des Güterwagens verschiebbar befestigt sind. Mit Hilfe einer elastischen Abdeckung (10), die an zwei zueinander gehörenden Haubenhälften befestigt ist, wird der Trennungsspalt zwischen den Haubenhälften abgedichtet.The cross-section of the hoods (4, 4 ') approximates the vehicle limitation profile for rail freight wagons. In its upper area, each hood (4, 4 ') is divided lengthways, the respective halves (4a, 4b or 4a', 4b ') being hingedly connected to one another with hinges (9) or slidably attached to a roof rack of the freight car. The separation gap between the hood halves is sealed with the aid of an elastic cover (10), which is attached to two hood halves that belong to one another.

Jede Haubenhälfte besteht gemäß Figur 2 aus einem Untergurt (11), einem Dachgurt (12), zwei Seitenholmen (13), die alle zusammen nach dem Schmelzschweißen oder nach dem Verschrauben den leichten Haubenrahmen bilden, sowie den eingelegten und mit dem Rahmen verbundenen Sickenelementen (14), bestehend aus einem außenliegenden Trapezblech (15) und ggf. einem innenliegenden Glattblech (16).According to FIG. 2, each hood half consists of a lower flange (11), a roof flange (12), two side rails (13), all of which together form the light hood frame after fusion welding or after screwing, as well as the inserted and connected bead elements ( 14), consisting of an external trapezoidal sheet (15) and possibly an internal smooth sheet (16).

Vorzugsweise sind die Hauben mit innenliegendem Glattblech (16) ausgeführt, damit ein leichtes Öffnen der Hauben (4 bzw. 4') bei verrutschter, an der Seitenwand der Hauben anliegender Ladung möglich ist.The hoods are preferably designed with an inner smooth sheet (16) so that the hoods (4 or 4 ') can be opened easily when the load has slipped and lies against the side wall of the hoods.

Die einzelnen Sickenelemente (14) bestehen mindestens aus entsprechend der Wagenkontur senkrecht zu den Sicken gebogenen bzw. geknickten Trapezblechen (15) (Fig. 3), aber auch andere formen wie Wellblech usw. sind möglich, die auf der Wageninnenseite zu Sandwich-artigen Elementen durch Glattbleche (16) ergänzt werden können. Die einzelnen in ihrer Herstellbreite begrenzten Trapezbleche (15) werden - entsprechend der Haubenlänge - aneinandergesetzt, dergestalt daß die jeweils letzte Sicke (17) des einen die jeweils erste Sicke (18) des anderen überlappt und die Verbindung der Elemente vorzugsweise durch Durchsetzfügepunkte (z. B. Clinchpunkte, Druckfügepunkte) (19) in der entstehenden Blech-Doppelung (20) geschieht (Fig. 8). Bei der Variante mit Glattblech (16) werden dementsprechend alle drei Blechschichten (21) in einem Arbeitsgang durch Durchsetzfügepunkte (19) miteinander verbunden. Diese Dreifach-Verbindung ist beispielsweise durch Punktschweißen nicht möglich.The individual bead elements (14) consist at least of trapezoidal sheets (15) (FIG. 3) which are bent or kinked perpendicularly to the beads in accordance with the car contour, but other shapes such as corrugated sheet, etc. are also possible, which form sandwich-like elements on the inside of the car can be supplemented by smooth sheets (16). The individual trapezoidal sheets (15) limited in their production width are - according to the hood length - placed next to each other in such a way that the last bead (17) of the one overlaps the first bead (18) of the other and the connection of the elements preferably by means of clinching points (e.g. B. clinch points, pressure joining points) (19) in the resulting sheet metal duplication (20) happens (Fig. 8). In the variant with smooth sheet Accordingly, all three sheet metal layers (21) are connected to one another in one work step by means of clinching points (19). This triple connection is not possible, for example, by spot welding.

Die Anbindung der beschriebenen Sickenelemente (14) an Untergurt (11), Seitenholmen (13) und Dachgurt (12) geschieht ebenfalls vorzugsweise durch Durchsetzfügen. Dafür weisen diese Profile (11, 12, 13) jeweils entsprechende Lappen (22, 23, 24) auf, an denen die Sickenelemente (14) anliegen und - wie die Trapezbleche (15) untereinander - durch Durchsetzfügepunkte (25) befestigt sind. Untergurt (11) und Dachgurt (12) sind U-förmig ausgebildet, so daß die Enden der Sickenelemente (14) dort eingeschoben und zusätzlich gehalten werden können. Seitenholme (13) sind in ihrer Querschnittsform so gestaltet, daß sie sich der letzten Sicke des Trapezblechs (15) anpassen (Fig. 6).The connection of the bead elements (14) described to the lower flange (11), side rails (13) and roof flange (12) is also preferably accomplished by clinching. For this purpose, these profiles (11, 12, 13) each have corresponding tabs (22, 23, 24) on which the bead elements (14) rest and - like the trapezoidal sheets (15) with one another - are attached by means of clinching points (25). Lower flange (11) and roof flange (12) are U-shaped, so that the ends of the bead elements (14) can be inserted there and held in addition. Side bars (13) are designed in their cross-sectional shape so that they adapt to the last bead of the trapezoidal sheet (15) (Fig. 6).

Besonderer Wert wird bei den erfindungsgemäßen Hauben (4 bzw. 4') auf ausreichende Dichtigkeit gegen Regenwasser/Schnee gelegt, wobei das Ziel verfolgt wurde, weitgehend auf die bei Fertigung und Instandhaltung unbeliebten Kunststoff-Dichtmassen zu verzichten.In the hoods (4 or 4 ') according to the invention, particular importance is attached to adequate sealing against rainwater / snow, the aim being to largely dispense with the plastic sealing compounds which are unpopular in production and maintenance.

Aus diesem Grund ist der Untergurt (11) so gestaltet, daß der wageninnenliegende Schenkel (22) deutlich länger als der wagenaußenliegende Schenkel (26) ist, so daß sich im Untergurt trotz der vorgesehenen Ablaufbohrungen (27) sammelndes Wasser in jedem falle nach außen überläuft, statt zwischen Lappen (22) und Sickenelement (14) aufzusteigen und ins Wageninnere zu gelangen.For this reason, the lower flange (11) is designed in such a way that the leg (22) inside the carriage is significantly longer than the leg outside the carriage (26), so that water collects in the lower flange despite the provided drain holes (27) overflowing to the outside , instead of ascending between rag (22) and beading element (14) and getting inside the car.

Die Seitenholme (13) weisen ebenfalls aus Abdichtungsgründen übliche Labyrinthdichtungen (6) auf, die zweckmäßigerweise gleich durch entsprechende Gestaltung der vorzugsweise zu verwendenden Aluminium-Strangpreßprofile in die Seitenhome (13) integriert werden.The side rails (13) also have the usual labyrinth seals (6) for sealing reasons, which are expediently integrated into the side walls (13) by appropriate design of the aluminum extrusion profiles that are preferably to be used.

Ferner sind an den Verbindungen der Trapezprofile (15) untereinander in der Nähe der Durchsetzfügepunkte (19) metallische (vorzugsweise ebenfalls Aluminium-) Dichtstreifen (28) eingelegt, die durch den Durchsetzfügevorgang festgeklemmt, und damit wasserdurchlässige Spalte vermieden werden (Fig. 8).Furthermore, metallic (preferably also aluminum) sealing strips (28) are inserted at the connections between the trapezoidal profiles (15) in the vicinity of the clinching points (19), which are clamped by the clinching process and thus water-permeable gaps are avoided (Fig. 8).

Aus dem vorstehenden ergibt sich Aufbau und funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäßen selbsttragenden Hauben, die nicht nur für spreizbare Hauben, sondern auch für Schiebewände und Schiebetüren bei Fahrzeugen verwendet werden können. Die Besonderheit dieser Hauben besteht darin, daß sie entweder als reiner Wetterschutz verwendet werden, so daß neben ihrem Eigengewicht und aerodynamischen Kräften keine weiteren Kräfte, z. B. durch verschobenes Ladegut oder durch Pufferstöße aufgenommen werden müssen, oder sie können als Wetterschutz mit zusätzlicher Ladegutsicherung eingesetzt werden, da die erfindungsgemäßen Hauben durch ihre konstruktive Gestaltung eine hohe Steifigkeit in Längs- und Querrichtung aufweisen.From the above, the structure and functionality of the self-supporting hoods according to the invention result, which can be used not only for expandable hoods, but also for sliding walls and sliding doors in vehicles. The peculiarity of these hoods is that they are used either as pure weather protection, so that in addition to their own weight and aerodynamic forces, no other forces, e.g. B. must be absorbed by shifted cargo or buffer bumps, or they can be used as weather protection with additional cargo securing, since the hoods of the invention have a high rigidity in the longitudinal and transverse directions by their design.

Eine Besonderheit der erfindungsgemäßen selbsttragenden Hauben besteht darin, daß die einzelnen, senkrecht angeordneten Profiltafeln zur Erzielung der Wagen-Querschnittskontur quer zu den Sicken gebogen sind. Mehrere dieser so vorgefertigten Elemente bilden nebeneinander gesetzt den Hauptteil der erfindungsgemäßen Hauben. Darüberhinaus sind noch die erwähnten Haubenrahmen und Dichtungselemente zur Komplettierung erforderlich.A special feature of the self-supporting hoods according to the invention is that the individual, vertically arranged profiled sheets are bent transversely to the beads in order to achieve the cross-sectional contour of the carriage. Several of these prefabricated elements placed side by side form the main part of the hoods according to the invention. In addition, the hood frames and sealing elements mentioned are required for completion.

Die Fertigung der Sicken- und Trapezbleche kann auf üblichen Rollformern durchgeführt werden, wobei der fertigungsaufwand für die Verbindungstechnik relativ gering ist, denn die vorgeformten Profiltafeln werden nur noch in einen Profilrahmen eingesetzt und durch die bekannte Durchsetzfügetechnik untereinander verbunden.The beads and trapezoidal sheets can be manufactured on conventional roll formers, the manufacturing effort for the connection technology being relatively low, because the preformed profile sheets are only used in a profile frame and are connected to one another by the known clinching technique.

Die senkrechte Anordnung der Trapeztafeln hat den Vorteil, daß die Tragfähigkeit der Hauben im Verhältnis zu ihrem Gewicht sehr hoch ist und daß keine zusätzlichen Konstruktionsvorkehrungen zur Vermeidung von Wasser- oder Schneeansammlungen im Dachbereich der Hauben getroffen werden müssen. Die Dichtigkeit der Haubenkonstruktion kann durch geeignete Mittel - wie sie in den Ansprüchen 11 bis 13 angegeben sind - gewährleistet werden.The vertical arrangement of the trapezoidal panels has the advantage that the load-bearing capacity of the hoods is very high in relation to their weight and that no additional design measures have to be taken to avoid water or snow accumulation in the roof area of the hoods. The tightness of the hood construction can be ensured by suitable means - as specified in claims 11 to 13.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Hauben gegenüber den bekannten, im Stand der Technik genannten Konstruktionen sind folgende:

  • Erhöhung der mechanischen Steifigkeit bei gleichzeitig geringem Eigengewicht und höchstens gleicher Wanddicke durch "selbsttragende Bauweise".
  • Bessere Homogenität der Steifigkeitseigenschaften in allen Haubenbereichen.
  • Keine Erhöhung des Fertigungsaufwandes trotz Erfüllung höherer Anforderungen, ggf. sogar geringere Fertigungskosten durch preiswerteres, aber zuverlässiges fügeverfahren (Durchsetzfügen statt Punktschweißen).
  • Einfache, preiswerte Herstellung Sandwich-ähnlicher Bauteile durch Verwendung marktgängigen, metallischen Halbzeuges und problemloser Fügetechnik ohne die sonst bei Sandwichelementen häufig zu lösenden Probleme wie Kleben, Kunststoff-Schaum-Herstellung sowie Reparatur und Entsorgung (Recycling).
The advantages of the hoods according to the invention over the known constructions mentioned in the prior art are as follows:
  • Increase in mechanical rigidity with low weight and at most the same wall thickness due to "self-supporting construction".
  • Better homogeneity of the stiffness properties in all hood areas.
  • No increase in production costs despite meeting higher requirements, possibly even lower production costs due to cheaper but reliable joining processes (clinching instead of spot welding).
  • Simple, inexpensive production of sandwich-like components through the use of marketable, metallic semi-finished products and problem-free joining technology without the problems that are otherwise often to be solved with sandwich elements, such as gluing, plastic foam production as well as repair and disposal (recycling).

Claims (12)

  1. A self-supporting hood (4) for vehicles, especially for railway goods wagons, consisting of slidable hood halves (4a, 4b) which, in connection with end walls (3) and possibly a fixedly arranged central portal, cover the loading area of the vehicle,
    characterised in
    that each hood half (4a, 4b) consists of a hood frame (11, 12, 13) composed of metal profiles and bead elements (14) provided therein, and that each hood frame consists of a lower girder (11), a roof girder (12) and two side beams (13).
  2. A hood according to claim 1,
    characterised in
    that the bead elements (14) consist of roll-profiled trapezoidal metal plates (15).
  3. A hood according to claim 1,
    characterised in
    that the bead elements (14) consist of trapezoidal metal plates (15) which, at least on one side, are connected to a smooth metal plate (16).
  4. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that the beads of the bead elements (14) extend perpendicularly relative to the driving direction of the vehicle and that the bead elements (14), in accordance with the vehicle contour, are bent perpendicularly relative to the direction of extension of the beads.
  5. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that along the entire length of the hood (4), a plurality of bead elements (14) are arranged side by side and firmly connected to one another.
  6. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that all the inter-connected bead elements (14) are connected to the metal profiles of the hood frame.
  7. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that all connections at the bead elements (14) are effected by through-joining.
  8. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that, in each case, the last bead (17) and the adjoining first bead (18) of each bead element (14) are arranged so as to overlap, that connectings (19) are provided at certain points in the region of a double plate (20) and that in the vicinity of the connection (19), plate metal strips (28) are inserted into the double plate (20) so as to extend parallel to the beads (17, 18), and clamped in.
  9. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7,
    characterised in
    that in each case, the last bead (17) and the first bead (18) of adjoining trapezoidal metal plates (15) are arranged so as to overlap and that the connections (19) provided at certain points are arranged in the region of a triple metal plate layer (21).
  10. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that, for the purpose of receiving the bead elements (14), the lower girder (11) and the roof girder (12) are U-shaped and that, for the purpose of being connected by through-joining, the arms (22, 24) inside the vehicle are longer than the arms of the lower girder (11) and roof girder (12) outside the vehicle.
  11. A hood according to claim 10,
    characterised in
    that, for the purpose of preventing collected rain water from entering the loading area, the arm at the lower girder (11) inside the vehicle is extended in length and that drainage bores (27) are provided in addition.
  12. A hood according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in
    that the cross-section of the side beam (13), on its side facing away from the trapezoidal metal plate (15), is designed as a labyrinth seal (6) which engages part of the end wall (3) and of the central portal (5).
EP92100121A 1991-01-29 1992-01-07 Self-supporting hood for vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0497092B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4102476A DE4102476A1 (en) 1991-01-29 1991-01-29 SELF-SUPPORTING HOOD FOR VEHICLES
DE4102476 1991-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0497092A1 EP0497092A1 (en) 1992-08-05
EP0497092B1 true EP0497092B1 (en) 1995-03-29

Family

ID=6423865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92100121A Expired - Lifetime EP0497092B1 (en) 1991-01-29 1992-01-07 Self-supporting hood for vehicles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0497092B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE120412T1 (en)
DE (1) DE4102476A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0497092T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2080345T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4239745C2 (en) * 1992-11-26 2002-10-24 Dwa Deutsche Waggonbau Gmbh Rail-bound hood wagon
FI97347C (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-12-10 Valtionrautatiet Device for controlling sliding roof of a railway wagon
DE202004015077U1 (en) * 2004-09-28 2004-11-25 Greenbrier Germany Gmbh Sliding wall for rail freight cars

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2977900A (en) * 1956-10-01 1961-04-04 Republic Steel Corp Removable covers for railroad cars
DE3312001A1 (en) * 1983-04-02 1984-10-04 Waggon Union Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Und 5900 Siegen RAILWAY WAGON
DE3623874A1 (en) * 1986-07-15 1988-01-28 Graaff Kg LARGE CONTAINER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0497092T3 (en) 1995-07-03
DE4102476A1 (en) 1992-07-30
ES2080345T3 (en) 1996-02-01
ATE120412T1 (en) 1995-04-15
EP0497092A1 (en) 1992-08-05

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