EP0474070B1 - Method and device for the insertion of a narrow partition or subterraneous curtain in the earth - Google Patents

Method and device for the insertion of a narrow partition or subterraneous curtain in the earth Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0474070B1
EP0474070B1 EP91114190A EP91114190A EP0474070B1 EP 0474070 B1 EP0474070 B1 EP 0474070B1 EP 91114190 A EP91114190 A EP 91114190A EP 91114190 A EP91114190 A EP 91114190A EP 0474070 B1 EP0474070 B1 EP 0474070B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vibrating
injection material
pile driver
rearmost
subterraneous
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EP91114190A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0474070A1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm S. Degen
Alexander Degen
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Vibroflotation AG
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Vibroflotation AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying it out.
  • gaps can occur between the successive wall sections or tracks, the presence of which is not ascertained or only after completion of the narrow wall due to the leakage of water or other liquids can.
  • US-A-4249936 already shows a device of this type, in which an elongated vibrating bar with a double-T cross-section and a plurality of mortar supply nozzles attached to it has a rib projecting to the rear which, when the vibrating bar is lowered again into the ground, in each case in the at first pulling out the vibrating beam immerses the manufactured part of the narrow wall and is to guarantee a seamless connection of the successively manufactured sections of the narrow wall.
  • the entire vibrating bar can only be set into a uniform vibrating motion with great effort.
  • the invention is intended to provide a method and a device by which a tight mutual connection of the successively manufactured sections of a narrow wall or a thicker diaphragm wall and between the individual tracks of each wall section is reliably ensured.
  • the vibrating movement of this rearmost vibrating tube only takes place as long as it does not leave the borehole laterally a very low resistance.
  • This low resistance to the vibrating movement corresponds to a relatively small current consumption of the associated vibrating motor.
  • the current intensity of the current absorbed by the vibrating motor increases suddenly.
  • the current consumption is then brought back to a minimum value, which ensures that a tight connection of the wall section produced by the two front vibrating tubes and the guide swords is achieved on the previously produced wall section.
  • the seamless connection of the individual sheets also ensures tightness within each section.
  • the method according to the invention can already be carried out with only two vibrating tubes carried by a leader.
  • the use of three vibrating tubes is preferred, but the invention is not restricted to this, but can also use more parallel vibrating tubes on a common leader without significant disadvantages for the simultaneous creation of longer narrow or diaphragm wall sections.
  • Maintaining the current consumption at a minimum value can be done either by visually monitoring a current measuring device at the driver's seat of the vehicle carrying the leader or crane and triggering mechanical correction devices, or according to claim 2 by automatic monitoring by means of control devices which are known per se to the person skilled in the art, e.g. B. a device according to claim 7, are made.
  • the discharge of injection material from the rearmost vibrating tube when pulling is usually regulated automatically by the prevailing pressure conditions.
  • the outlet of injection material can also be blocked at least temporarily, for example towards the upper end of the drawing process.
  • the monitoring of the current consumption on the motor of the rearmost vibrating tube can also be carried out by registration using a recorder, e.g. of an ampere depth recorder.
  • a ram with at least two, preferably three vibrating tubes is proposed according to claim 6, with guide swords which are expediently provided only in the spaces between two vibrating tubes with their lateral ends
  • Recording of the differential vibration of the vibrators are connected either by a flexible rubber-metal sleeve or by loose interlocking, and the rearmost vibrating tube in the direction of creation of the narrow or diaphragm wall is provided with a measuring device for the current consumption of the associated vibrating motor.
  • the rearmost vibrating tube in the direction of creation of the narrow or diaphragm wall is provided with a measuring device for the current consumption of the associated vibrating motor.
  • the front vibrating tube has only one backwards sword and the rear one only has a guide sword pointing forwards.
  • the overlap ensures that the pressed injection materials are closed without gaps.
  • the lateral ends or edges can interlock according to claim 8 with a type of tongue and groove, so that the vibrating tubes are always held approximately in one plane.
  • the interlocking guide swords can also be welded to one another, so that the direction of the ram has to be corrected always be transferred equally to all parts of the same.
  • the guide swords While it is sufficient for certain types of soil if the guide swords create cavities which are then also filled by the injection material emerging from the vibrating pipes, in special cases the guide swords can also be connected to the feed devices for the injection material and have nozzles for introducing the injection material .
  • the overall effect of the vibrating hammer can be significantly improved when carrying out the method according to the invention if the diameter of a vibrating tube is in the range of approximately 200-250 mm, preferably 230 mm, the vibrating amplitude is in the range of approximately 7-8 mm and the vibrating frequency is kept in the range of about 3600 - 4000 U / min.
  • the ram generally designated 10, is carried by a leader 12, which in a manner not shown hangs on a cross mast 14 of a crane 16 with a cab 18.
  • the crane 16 moves forward on the surface 20 of the soil 22 step by step in the working direction 24.
  • the ram 10 has a frame 26 which can be displaced in the vertical direction on the leader 12 and which carries three parallel vibrating tubes I, II, III.
  • Each vibrating tube has feed devices for injection material, which are known per se, and vibrating motors with their electrical feed lines.
  • the lower ends of the vibrating tubes I, II, III are conical in a manner known per se.
  • the middle vibrating tube II has a forward and rearward facing guide sword 28 near its lower end, while the front vibrating tube III carries only a rearward facing guide blade 30 and the rear vibrating tube I carries only a forward facing guide sword 32.
  • the lateral ends 34 of the guide swords 30 and 32 engage in corresponding grooves 36 of the guide swords 28 and are welded to them or loosely led the same.
  • the time of the method recorded in FIG. 1 shows the ram 10 during the penetration phase in the direction of the arrow 38.
  • the three paths indicated by 40 of the narrow wall previously created, generally designated 42 were drilled and through the three vibrating tubes About supply lines and nozzles, not shown, near the lower ends of the vibrating tubes I, II, III and guide swords 28, 30 32 with injection material backfilled, while two intermediate tracks 44 were drilled by guide swords 28, 30, 32 and filled with injection material.
  • the crane 16 was moved so far forward in the working direction 24 that the rearmost ram I is above the foremost track 40. Then the penetration movement of the ram 10 begins in the direction of arrow 38.
  • the front vibrating tubes II and III penetrate into the soil 22 with their guide swords, while the rearmost vibrating tube I is lowered into the foremost path of the still soft injection material.
  • the associated guiding sword 32 also partially penetrates into soil 22.
  • the current consumption at the associated vibrating motor is low. However, it immediately rises sharply when the vibrating tube I moves out of the web 40 of the still soft injection material and gets into dense soil 22.
  • the direction of the ram 10 is immediately corrected so that the rearmost vibrating tube I is lowered again into soft injection material. In this way, a perfect overlap of the adjacent sections of the narrow wall 42 can always be guaranteed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

Method for producing a narrow or slit wall (42) in soil (22) by means of a driver (10) with at least two and preferably three vibrating tubes (I, II, III) and guide blades (28, 30, 32) between the vibrating tubes. Following penetration of the driver into the soil, during the withdrawal process of the latter, injection material (40, 44) is loaded into the drilled cavities. During the next work step, the driver is lowered into the soil so that the rearmost vibrating tube (I) is lowered into the still-soft injection material (40) which was added during the previous withdrawal of the foremost vibrating tube (III). By monitoring the power draw of the vibrating motor on the rearmost vibrating tube (I) and regulating this power draw to keep it to a minimum value, removal of the rearmost vibrating tube from the still-soft injection material (40) is prevented. As a result the seal between the successive sections of narrow wall (42) is ensured. Continuous abutting of the paths (40, 44) produced by the individual vibrating tubes ensures the tightness of each wall section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying it out.

Aus der DE-OS 2 236 910 ist bereits ein derartiges Verfahren bekannt, wobei die hierzu verwendete Ramme drei von einem gemeinsamen Mäkler getragene Rüttelrohre mit Führungsschwertern nahe ihren unteren Enden aufweist. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren kann nicht sicher gewährleistet werden, daß die einzelnen in Erstellrichtung der Schmalwand aufeinander folgenden, jeweils durch ein Eindringen und Ziehen der Ramme verfertigten Wandabschnitte lückenlos aneinander anschließen, um eine durchgehend wasserdichte Schmalwand zu erzielen. Auch ein dichter Abschluß zwischen den jeweils von einem Rüttelrohr verfertigten Bahnen jedes Wandabschnittes ist nicht gewährleistet. Durch geringfügige Richtungsänderungen beim Eindringen der Ramme, die insbesondere durch ungleichmäßige Beschaffenheit des Erdreichs hervorgerufen werden können, können Spalte zwischen den aufeinander folgenden Wandabschnitten bzw. Bahnen auftreten, deren Vorhandensein nicht oder erst nach Fertigstellung der Schmalwand infolge des Durchsickerns von Wasser oder anderen Flüssigkeiten festgestellt werden kann.Such a method is already known from DE-OS 2 236 910, the ram used for this purpose having three vibrating tubes with guide swords carried by a common leader near their lower ends. In the known method, it cannot be guaranteed with certainty that the individual wall sections which follow one another in the direction of creation of the narrow wall, each made by penetrating and pulling the ram, connect seamlessly to one another in order to achieve a continuously watertight narrow wall. A tight seal between the webs of each wall section made by a vibrating tube is also not guaranteed. Due to slight changes in direction when the ram penetrates, which can be caused in particular by the uneven nature of the soil, gaps can occur between the successive wall sections or tracks, the presence of which is not ascertained or only after completion of the narrow wall due to the leakage of water or other liquids can.

Aus der US-PS 4 906 142 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem zwei parallele Erdbohrer Erdreich mit aushärtendem Material vermischen, wobei zum Herstellen einer durchlaufenden verfestigten Wand einer der beiden Erdbohrer beim nächsten Eindringhub in das beim vorhergehenden Hub vom anderen Erdbohrer gebohrte und mit aushärtendem Material versehene Bohrloch eindringt. Dies soll einerseits das gegenseitige Anschließen der bei aufeinanderfolgenden Hüben hergestellten Mauerabschnitte und andererseits eine gute Durchmischung von Erdreich und aushärtendem Material beim nochmaligen Eindringen eines Erdbohrers in das gleiche Bohrloch gewährleisten. Ein unbeabsichtigtes seitliches Abweichen eines oder beider Erdbohrer von der beabsichtigten Parellelität und infolgedessen auftretende Undichtigkeiten der zu erstellenden Wand sind bei diesem Verfahren nicht feststellbar.From US Pat. No. 4,906,142 a method is known in which two parallel earth drills mix soil with hardening material, one of the two earth drills for producing a continuous solidified wall during the next penetration stroke into the hole drilled by the other earth drill during the previous stroke and hardening Material provided borehole penetrates. On the one hand, this is intended to ensure the mutual connection of the wall sections produced in successive strokes and, on the other hand, to ensure thorough mixing of the soil and hardening material when an earth drill penetrates the same borehole again. An unintentional lateral deviation of one or both earth drills from the intended parallelism and consequent leaks in the wall to be created cannot be determined with this method.

Ferner zeigt die US-A-4249936 bereits eine Vorrichtung dieser Art, bei der ein langgestreckter Rüttlerbalken mit Doppel-T-Querschnitt und mehreren daran befestigten Mörtelzuführdüsen eine nach hinten abstehende Rippe aufweist, die beim abermaligen Absenken des Rüttlerbalkens in das Erdreich jeweils in das beim vorherigen Herausziehen des Rüttlerbalkens verfertigte Stück der Schmalwand eintaucht und einen lückenlosen Anschluß der nacheinander hergestellten Teilstücke der Schmalwand garantieren soll. Es ist jedoch auch hier keine Kontrolle möglich, daß nicht durch unabsichtliches Verdrehen oder Schrägstellen des Rüttlerbalkens Spalten zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Teilstücken gebildet werden. Außerdem ist der gesamte Rüttlerbalken infolge seiner Form nur mit größerem Aufwand in gleichmäßige Rüttelbewegung zu versetzen.Furthermore, US-A-4249936 already shows a device of this type, in which an elongated vibrating bar with a double-T cross-section and a plurality of mortar supply nozzles attached to it has a rib projecting to the rear which, when the vibrating bar is lowered again into the ground, in each case in the at first pulling out the vibrating beam immerses the manufactured part of the narrow wall and is to guarantee a seamless connection of the successively manufactured sections of the narrow wall. However, it is also not possible to check that gaps between successive sections are not formed by unintentional twisting or inclination of the vibrating bar. In addition, due to its shape, the entire vibrating bar can only be set into a uniform vibrating motion with great effort.

Schließlich ist aus der DE-A-33 34 573 ein Verfahren zur Korrektur von Abweichungen des Mäklers einer Ramme aus der Vertikalen bekannt, wobei ein neigungsabhängiger Geber über ein Regelgerät auf ein Stellglied zur Änderung der Lage des Mäklers einwirkt. Auch hierdurch kann nicht sichergestellt werden, daß ein lückenloser Anschluß von Teilstücken einer zu erstellenden Schmalwand aneinander vorhanden ist.Finally, from DE-A-33 34 573 a method for correcting deviations of the leader of a ram from the vertical is known, an inclination-dependent sensor acting on an actuator via a control device for changing the position of the leader. This also cannot ensure be that there is a seamless connection of sections of a narrow wall to be created together.

Durch die Erfindung soll ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung angegeben werden, durch die ein dichtes gegenseitiges Anschließen der nacheinander hergestellten Abschnitte einer Schmalwand oder einer dickeren Schlitzwand sowie zwischen den einzelnen Bahnen jedes Wandabschnittes sicher gewährleistet ist.The invention is intended to provide a method and a device by which a tight mutual connection of the successively manufactured sections of a narrow wall or a thicker diaphragm wall and between the individual tracks of each wall section is reliably ensured.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren bzw. einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 6 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention in a method or a device of the type mentioned at the outset by the features of claims 1 and 6, respectively.

Durch das Einführen des jeweils hintersten Rüttelrohres in die noch weiche Injektionsmasse, beispielsweise Beton oder dgl., des beim vorhergehenden Eindringvorgang der Ramme durch das vorderste Rüttelrohr gebohrten und verfüllten Bohrloches findet die Rüttelbewegung dieses hintersten Rüttelrohres, so lange es das Bohrloch nicht seitlich verläßt, nur einen sehr geringen Widerstand. Dieser geringe Widerstand gegen die Rüttelbewegung entspricht einer verhältnismäßig kleinen Stromaufnahme des zugehörigen Rüttelmotors. Sobald aber das hinterste Rüttelrohr durch zu große Verschiebung der Ramme oder durch Schrägstellung derselben an eine der durch das angrenzende Erdreich gebildeten festeren Wände gelangt, steigt die Stromstärke des vom Rüttelmotor aufgenommenen Stromes sprungartig an. Durch sofortige Korrektur der Lage und/oder Eindringrichtung der Ramme wird sodann die Stromaufnahme wieder auf einen minimalen Wert gebracht, wodurch sichergestellt ist, daß ein dichter Anschluß des durch die beiden vorderen Rüttelrohre und die Führungsschwerter erzeugten Wandabschnitts am vorher hergestellten Wandabschnitt erzielt wird. Durch den lückenlosen Anschluß der einzelnen Bahnen wird darüber hinaus auch die Dichtigkeit innerhalb jedes Abschnitts gewährleistet.By inserting the rearmost vibrating tube into the still soft injection mass, e.g. concrete or the like, of the borehole drilled and filled during the previous penetration process of the ram through the foremost vibrating tube, the vibrating movement of this rearmost vibrating tube only takes place as long as it does not leave the borehole laterally a very low resistance. This low resistance to the vibrating movement corresponds to a relatively small current consumption of the associated vibrating motor. However, as soon as the rearmost vibrating tube comes to one of the firmer walls formed by the adjacent soil due to excessive displacement of the ram or by inclining it, the current intensity of the current absorbed by the vibrating motor increases suddenly. By immediately correcting the position and / or direction of penetration of the ram, the current consumption is then brought back to a minimum value, which ensures that a tight connection of the wall section produced by the two front vibrating tubes and the guide swords is achieved on the previously produced wall section. The seamless connection of the individual sheets also ensures tightness within each section.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren läßt sich bereits mit nur zwei von einem Mäkler getragenen Rüttelrohren durchführen. Bevorzugt wird die Verwendung von drei Rüttelrohren, jedoch ist die Erfindung nicht darauf eingeschränkt, sondern kann auch zur gleichzeitigen Erstellung längerer Schmal- oder Schlitzwandabschnitte noch mehr parallele Rüttelrohre an einem gemeinsamen Mäkler ohne wesentliche Nachteile verwenden.The method according to the invention can already be carried out with only two vibrating tubes carried by a leader. The use of three vibrating tubes is preferred, but the invention is not restricted to this, but can also use more parallel vibrating tubes on a common leader without significant disadvantages for the simultaneous creation of longer narrow or diaphragm wall sections.

Das Halten der Stromaufnahme auf einem Minimalwert kann sowohl durch visuelles Überwachen eines Strommeßgerätes am Fahrersitz des den Mäkler tragenden Fahrzeugs bzw. Krans und Auslösen von mechanischen Korrektureinrichtungen, oder aber gemäß Anspruch 2 durch selbsttätige Überwachung mittels dem Fachmann an sich geläufiger Regeleinrichtungen, z. B. einer Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 7, vorgenommen werden.Maintaining the current consumption at a minimum value can be done either by visually monitoring a current measuring device at the driver's seat of the vehicle carrying the leader or crane and triggering mechanical correction devices, or according to claim 2 by automatic monitoring by means of control devices which are known per se to the person skilled in the art, e.g. B. a device according to claim 7, are made.

Der Austritt von Injektionsmaterial des hintersten Rüttelrohrs beim Ziehen regelt sich meist von selbst durch die herrschenden Druckverhältnisse. Um aber ein Überquellen von Injektionsmaterial und einen zu hohen Druckanstieg beim hintersten Rüttelrohr zu vermeiden, kann gemäß Anspruch 3 auch der Austritt von Injektionsmaterial zumindest vorübergehend, beispielsweise gegen das obere Ende des Ziehvorgangs hin, gesperrt werden.The discharge of injection material from the rearmost vibrating tube when pulling is usually regulated automatically by the prevailing pressure conditions. However, in order to avoid overflowing of injection material and an excessively high pressure increase in the rearmost vibrating tube, the outlet of injection material can also be blocked at least temporarily, for example towards the upper end of the drawing process.

Gemäß Anspruch 4 kann die Überwachung der Stromaufnahme am Motor des hintersten Rüttelrohrs auch durch Registrierung mittels eines Schreibers, z.B. eines Ampère-Tiefenschreibers, erfolgen.According to claim 4, the monitoring of the current consumption on the motor of the rearmost vibrating tube can also be carried out by registration using a recorder, e.g. of an ampere depth recorder.

Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird gemäß Anspruch 6 eine Ramme mit mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise drei Rüttelrohren vorgeschlagen, wobei zweckmäßigerweise nur in den Zwischenräumen zwischen je zwei Rüttelrohren mit ihren seitlichen Enden Führungsschwerter vorgesehen sind, die zur Aufnahme der differenziellen Schwingung der Rüttler entweder über eine flexible Gummi-Metallbüchse oder durch loses Ineinandergreifen miteinander verbunden sind, und wobei das in Erstellungsrichtung der Schmal- oder Schlitzwand hinterste Rüttelrohr mit einem Meßgerät für die Stromaufnahme des zugehörigen Rüttelmotors versehen ist. Bei drei Rüttelrohren hat also nur das mittlere je ein nach vorn und hinten weisendes Führungsschwert, während das vordere Rüttelrohr nur ein nach hinten und das hinterste nur ein nach vorn weisendes Führungsschweret besitzt. Durch die Überlappung wird ein lückenloses Aneinanderschließen der ausgepreßten Injektionsmaterialien gewährleistet. Die seitlichen Enden oder Ränder können nach Anspruch 8 mit einer Art von Nut- und Federführung ineinandergreifen, so daß die Rüttelrohre stets etwa in einer Ebene gehalten werden.In order to carry out the method according to the invention, a ram with at least two, preferably three vibrating tubes is proposed according to claim 6, with guide swords which are expediently provided only in the spaces between two vibrating tubes with their lateral ends Recording of the differential vibration of the vibrators are connected either by a flexible rubber-metal sleeve or by loose interlocking, and the rearmost vibrating tube in the direction of creation of the narrow or diaphragm wall is provided with a measuring device for the current consumption of the associated vibrating motor. In the case of three vibrating tubes, only the middle one has a guide sword pointing forwards and backwards, while the front vibrating tube has only one backwards sword and the rear one only has a guide sword pointing forwards. The overlap ensures that the pressed injection materials are closed without gaps. The lateral ends or edges can interlock according to claim 8 with a type of tongue and groove, so that the vibrating tubes are always held approximately in one plane.

In bestimmten Fällen können nach Anspruch 9 die ineinandergreifenden Führungsschwerter auch miteinander verschweißt sein, so daß vorzunehmende Richtungskorrekturen der Ramme stets auf sämtliche Teile derselben gleichmäßig übertragen werden.In certain cases, the interlocking guide swords can also be welded to one another, so that the direction of the ram has to be corrected always be transferred equally to all parts of the same.

Während es bei gewissen Bodenarten genügt, wenn die Führungsschwerter Hohlräume erzeugen, die dann durch das aus den Rüttelrohren austretende Injektionsmaterial mitverfüllt werden, können gemäß Anspruch 10 in besonderen Fällen auch die Führungsschwerter an die Zuführeinrichtungen für das Injektionsmaterial angeschlossen sein und Düsen zur Einleitung des Injektionsmaterials aufweisen.While it is sufficient for certain types of soil if the guide swords create cavities which are then also filled by the injection material emerging from the vibrating pipes, in special cases the guide swords can also be connected to the feed devices for the injection material and have nozzles for introducing the injection material .

Die Eindringgeschwindigkeit eines Rüttelrohrs in den Untergrund ist umso größer, je kleiner sein Durchmesser, je größer seine Rüttelfrequenz und je größer seine Schwingungsamplitude ist. Bisher bekannte Rüttelrammen wurden sowohl auf Eindringgeschwindigkeit als auch auf Verdichtungswirkung optimiert. Für die Verdichtung ist aber ein großer Durchmesser und eine kleine Frequenz wünschenswert. Üblicherweise wurden daher im Stand der Technik für die Rüttelrohre Durchmesser im Bereich von 300 - 400 mm, eine Rüttelamplitude von 8 - 23 mm und eine Rüttelfrequenz von bis zu 3000 U/min gewählt. Gemäß den Ansprüchen 5 und 11 läßt sich die Gesamtwirkung der Rüttelramme bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wesentlich verbessern, wenn der Durchmesser eines Rüttelrohrs im Bereich von etwa 200 - 250 mm, vorzugsweise 230 mm, die Rüttelamplitude im Bereich von etwa 7 - 8 mm und die Rüttelfrequenz im Bereich von etwa 3600 - 4000 U/min gehalten wird.The speed of penetration of a vibrating tube into the ground is greater, the smaller its diameter, the greater its vibrating frequency and the greater its vibration amplitude. Previously known vibratory rams have been optimized for both penetration speed and compression. However, a large diameter and a low frequency are desirable for the compression. Therefore, in the prior art, diameters in the range of 300-400 mm, a vibrating amplitude of 8-23 mm and a vibrating frequency of up to 3000 rpm were usually selected for the vibrating tubes. According to claims 5 and 11, the overall effect of the vibrating hammer can be significantly improved when carrying out the method according to the invention if the diameter of a vibrating tube is in the range of approximately 200-250 mm, preferably 230 mm, the vibrating amplitude is in the range of approximately 7-8 mm and the vibrating frequency is kept in the range of about 3600 - 4000 U / min.

Anhand der Figuren wird ein Ausführungsbeipiel der Erfindung für die Erstellung einer Schmalwand näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch das Erdreich während des Eindringens einer erfindungsgemäßen Rüttelramme in dasselbe und
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt längs der Linie II-II in Fig. 1.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention for creating a narrow wall is explained in more detail with the aid of the figures. It shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic section through the soil during the penetration of a vibrating ram according to the invention in the same and
Fig. 2
a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1st

Die allgemein mit 10 bezeichnete Ramme wird von einem Mäkler 12 getragen, der in nicht gezeigter Weise an einem Quermast 14 eines Krans 16 mit Führerhaus 18 hängt. Der Kran 16 fährt auf der Oberfläche 20 des Erdreichs 22 arbeitsschrittweise in Arbeitsrichtung 24 vorwärts.The ram, generally designated 10, is carried by a leader 12, which in a manner not shown hangs on a cross mast 14 of a crane 16 with a cab 18. The crane 16 moves forward on the surface 20 of the soil 22 step by step in the working direction 24.

Die Ramme 10 weist einen am Mäkler 12 in vertikaler Richtung verschiebbaren Rahmen 26 auf, welcher drei parallele Rüttelrohre I, II, III trägt. Jedes Rüttelrohr weist in seinem Inneren an sich bekannte Zuführeinrichtungen für Injektionsmaterial sowie Rüttelmotoren mit deren elektrischen Zuleitungen auf. Die unteren Enden der Rüttelrohre I, II, III sind in ebenfalls an sich bekannter Weise konisch ausgebildet. Das mittlere Rüttelrohr II weist je ein nach vorne und nach hinten weisendes Führungsschwert 28 nahe seinem unteren Ende auf, während das vordere Rüttelrohr III nur ein nach hinten weisendes Führungsschwert 30 und das hintere Rüttelrohr I nur ein nach vorn weisendes Führungsschwert 32 trägt. Wie aus der schematischen Darstellung der Fig. 2, in der alle Einzelheiten im Innern der Rüttelrohre weggelassen sind, ersehen werden kann, greifen die seitlichen Enden 34 der Führungsschwerter 30 und 32 in entsprechende Rillen 36 der Führungsschwerter 28 und sind mit diesen verschweißt oder lose in denselben geführt.The ram 10 has a frame 26 which can be displaced in the vertical direction on the leader 12 and which carries three parallel vibrating tubes I, II, III. Each vibrating tube has feed devices for injection material, which are known per se, and vibrating motors with their electrical feed lines. The lower ends of the vibrating tubes I, II, III are conical in a manner known per se. The middle vibrating tube II has a forward and rearward facing guide sword 28 near its lower end, while the front vibrating tube III carries only a rearward facing guide blade 30 and the rear vibrating tube I carries only a forward facing guide sword 32. As can be seen from the schematic representation of FIG. 2, in which all details are omitted inside the vibrating tubes, the lateral ends 34 of the guide swords 30 and 32 engage in corresponding grooves 36 of the guide swords 28 and are welded to them or loosely led the same.

Der in Fig. 1 festgehaltene Zeitpunkt des Verfahrens zeigt die Ramme 10 während der Eindringphase in Richtung des Pfeils 38. Beim vorangehenden Ziehen der Ramme 10 wurden durch die drei Rüttelrohre die drei mit 40 bezeichneten Bahnen der bisher erstellten, allgemein mit 42 bezeichneten Schmalwand gebohrt und über nicht dargestellte Zuleitungen und Düsen nahe den unteren Enden der Rüttelrohre I, II, III und Führungsschwerter 28, 30 32 mit Injektionsmaterial verfüllt, während von den Führungsschwertern 28, 30, 32 zwei dazwischenliegende Bahnen 44 gebohrt und mit Injektionsmaterial verfüllt wurden. Nach Beendigung des Ziehens wurde der Kran 16 in Arbeitsrichtung 24 so weit vorwärts gefahren, daß sich die hinterste Ramme I über der vordersten Bahn 40 befindet. Hierauf beginnt die Eindringbewegung der Ramme 10 in Richtung des Pfeils 38. Die vorderen Rüttelrohre II und III dringen dabei mit ihren Führungsschwertern in das Erdreich 22 ein, während das hinterste Rüttelrohr I in die vorderste Bahn des noch weichen Injektionsmaterials abgesenkt wird. Das zugehörige Führungsschwert 32 dringt dabei teilweise auch in Erdreich 22 ein. So lange das Rüttelrohr I innerhalb der Bahn 40 verbleibt, ist die Stromaufnahme am zugehörigen Rüttelmotor gering. Sie steigt aber sofort stark an, wenn das Rüttelrohr I aus der Bahn 40 des noch weichen Injektionsmaterials herausfährt und in dichtes Erdreich 22 gerät. Bei Feststellung eines Stromanstieges wird daher sofort eine Richtungskorrektur der Ramme 10 vorgenommen, so daß das hinterste Rüttelrohr I wieder in weiches Injektionsmaterial abgesenkt wird. So kann stets eine einwandfreie Überlappung der aneinderandergrenzenden Abschnitte der Schmalwand 42 gewährleistet werden.The time of the method recorded in FIG. 1 shows the ram 10 during the penetration phase in the direction of the arrow 38. When the ram 10 was pulled beforehand, the three paths indicated by 40 of the narrow wall previously created, generally designated 42, were drilled and through the three vibrating tubes About supply lines and nozzles, not shown, near the lower ends of the vibrating tubes I, II, III and guide swords 28, 30 32 with injection material backfilled, while two intermediate tracks 44 were drilled by guide swords 28, 30, 32 and filled with injection material. After the end of the pulling, the crane 16 was moved so far forward in the working direction 24 that the rearmost ram I is above the foremost track 40. Then the penetration movement of the ram 10 begins in the direction of arrow 38. The front vibrating tubes II and III penetrate into the soil 22 with their guide swords, while the rearmost vibrating tube I is lowered into the foremost path of the still soft injection material. The associated guiding sword 32 also partially penetrates into soil 22. As long as the vibrating tube I remains within the path 40, the current consumption at the associated vibrating motor is low. However, it immediately rises sharply when the vibrating tube I moves out of the web 40 of the still soft injection material and gets into dense soil 22. When a current increase is detected, the direction of the ram 10 is immediately corrected so that the rearmost vibrating tube I is lowered again into soft injection material. In this way, a perfect overlap of the adjacent sections of the narrow wall 42 can always be guaranteed.

Claims (11)

  1. A process for the production of a narrow partition or subterraneous curtain in the ground by means of a pile driver having at least two vibrating pipes borne by a common guide rail, each provided with an electric vibrating motor, which close to their lower end comprise guide struts extending in the longitudinal direction of the narrow partition or subterraneous curtain, in which process the vibrating pipes are introduced with the guide struts into the ground and after penetrating the ground are withdrawn again, during withdrawal a hardenable injection material is introduced through apertures in the vibrating pipes into the cavities in the ground produced as a result,
    characterised in that, after withdrawing the pile driver, during the repeated penetration into the ground offset in the construction direction of the narrow partition or subterraneous curtain in relation to the preceding step, the rearmost vibrating pipe in the construction direction is inserted into the not yet hardened injection material, which fills the cavity produced by the foremost vibrating pipe during the preceding penetration,
    in that during the penetration of the pile driver the current consumption of the vibrating motor of the rearmost vibrating pipe is measured,
    and in that the measured current consumption is kept to a minimum value by correcting the position and/or penetration direction of the pile drivers so that the cavities produced by the individual vibrating pipes and the struts and filled with injection material adjoin one another without any gaps.
  2. A process according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the minimum value is automatically regulated by means of a regulating device.
  3. A process according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the delivery of injection material from the rearmost vibrating pipe is at times prevented when the pile driver is withdrawn.
  4. A process according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that the measured current consumption is registered by means of a recorder.
  5. A process according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that a vibration amplitude of roughly 7 - 8 mm and a vibration frequency of roughly 3600 - 4000 U/min is observed.
  6. A pile-driver for performing the process according to one of the preceding Claims, which comprises at least two vibrating pipes (I, II, III) borne by a common guide rail (12) and provided with vibrating motors, and having struts (28, 30, 32) extending in the direction of the narrow partition or subterraneous curtain (42), and in which nozzles are provided for the introduction of injection material at the lower ends of the vibrating pipes ,
    characterised in that guide struts (28, 30, 32) are disposed only in the spaces between each of said two vibrating pipes (I, II, III).
    in that the front ends of the guide struts (28, 30; 28, 32) disposed in the same space are connected to one another either via a flexible rubber-metal sleeve or by mutual loose interlocking,
    and in that the vibrating motor of the rearmost vibrating pipe (I) in the construction direction of the narrow partition or subterraneous curtain (42) is provided with a current-measuring instrument measuring its current consumption.
  7. A pile driver according to Claim 6,
    characterised in that the current-measuring instrument is connected to an appliance regulating the current consumption to a minimum for the correction of the position and/or the direction of penetration of the pile driver (10).
  8. A pile driver according to Claim 6 or 7,
    characterised in that the front end (34) of a guide strut (30, 32) is housed in the manner of a tongue and groove connection in a slot (36) at the front end of the other associated guide strut (28).
  9. A pile driver according to Claim 8,
    characterised in that the engaging ends (34, 36) are welded together.
  10. A pile driver according to one of Claims 6 to 9,
    characterised in that nozzles for the introduction of injection material are also provided on the lower ends of the guide struts (28, 30, 32).
  11. A pile driver according to one of Claims 6 to 10,
    characterised in that the vibrating pipes (I, II, III) have a diameter of roughly 200 - 250 mm.
EP91114190A 1990-08-31 1991-08-23 Method and device for the insertion of a narrow partition or subterraneous curtain in the earth Expired - Lifetime EP0474070B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4027596 1990-08-31
DE4027596A DE4027596A1 (en) 1990-08-31 1990-08-31 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A NARROW OR SLOT WALL IN GROUND

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0474070A1 EP0474070A1 (en) 1992-03-11
EP0474070B1 true EP0474070B1 (en) 1994-11-30

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EP91114190A Expired - Lifetime EP0474070B1 (en) 1990-08-31 1991-08-23 Method and device for the insertion of a narrow partition or subterraneous curtain in the earth

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US (1) US5141364A (en)
EP (1) EP0474070B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3185032B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE114761T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4027596A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2069147T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4027596A1 (en) 1992-03-12
JP3185032B2 (en) 2001-07-09
DE4027596C2 (en) 1992-09-03
JPH04228719A (en) 1992-08-18
EP0474070A1 (en) 1992-03-11
ATE114761T1 (en) 1994-12-15
ES2069147T3 (en) 1995-05-01
DE59103657D1 (en) 1995-01-12
US5141364A (en) 1992-08-25

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