EP0463590B1 - Stellantrieb zur Einstellung von zwei selbsthaltenden Lagen - Google Patents

Stellantrieb zur Einstellung von zwei selbsthaltenden Lagen Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0463590B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: permanent magnet; coil; magnetic; arrangement; housing
Prior art date: 1990-06-26
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired - Lifetime

Application number

EP91110334A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP0463590A2 (de

EP0463590A3 (en

Inventor

Franz Dipl.-Ing. Bierbrauer

Horst Dipl.-Ing. Landau

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

ZF International UK Ltd

Original Assignee

Lucas Industries Ltd

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1990-06-26

Filing date

1991-06-22

Publication date

1997-08-20

1990-06-26 Priority claimed from DE19904020275 external-priority patent/DE4020275C2/de

1991-06-22 Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd

1992-01-02 Publication of EP0463590A2 publication Critical patent/EP0463590A2/de

1993-02-24 Publication of EP0463590A3 publication Critical patent/EP0463590A3/de

1997-08-20 Application granted granted Critical

1997-08-20 Publication of EP0463590B1 publication Critical patent/EP0463590B1/de

2011-06-22 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures

Definitions

the invention relates to an actuator for setting two self-holding positions, which can be adjusted in one or the other direction of current supply by electrical energization of an electromagnet arrangement which can be reversed and has a cylindrical magnet coil, two magnetically opposite poles of the magnet coil and at least one pole of a magnet coil movable relative to the magnet coil
the permanent magnet arrangement cooperate with one another and, depending on the direction of electrical current flow to the magnetic coil, one or the other position seeks to take up a position relative to one another, and the poles of the magnetic coil are designed as holding elements made of magnetizable material or are provided with holding elements and said pole of the permanent magnet arrangement is in each of the two self-holding layers approximates to one of the holding elements.
the electromagnet arrangement has a cylindrical coil in which an armature is displaceably arranged in the manner of a piston. By means of a spring, this armature is pushed into an end position in which the armature protrudes somewhat from the coil. This end position can thus be held in the currentless state of the coil by the force of the spring mentioned. In the other end position, the armature is held by a stationary holding magnet, against which the armature rests in this position. In order to adjust the armature, the coil is connected to an electrical voltage source in one or the other current direction. This allows the armature to be pushed from one end position against the force of the spring into the other end position by the magnetic forces generated by the coil. Now the coil is in the opposite direction electrically energized, the magnetic field generated by it counteracts the magnetic field of the holding magnet, so that the spring is able to return the armature to one end position.
the linear movement of the armature can, if appropriate, be converted into a rotary movement by corresponding gear elements, for example by a toothed rack which interacts with a pinion and is connected to the armature.
an actuator is also known in which two magnetically opposite poles of an electromagnet arrangement and at least one pole of a permanent magnet arrangement movable relative to the electromagnet arrangement cooperate with one another and, depending on the direction of electrical current supply to the magnet coil, seek to assume one or the other position relative to one another .
the poles of the magnetic coil are designed as a holding element made of magnetizable material, the pole of the permanent magnet arrangement in each of the two self-holding layers approaching at most one of the holding elements.
the object of the invention is to provide a structurally particularly simple actuator, and larger actuating forces should also be achievable.
the permanent magnet arrangement is arranged within the magnetic field which can be generated by the magnetic coil and is rotatably adjustable between the two self-holding positions and the magnetic north-south axis of the permanent magnet extends transversely to the axis of rotation and in all positions of the permanent magnet has a directional component transverse to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnetic coil, and that the magnetic coil is axially penetrated by a soft magnetic rod and the rod protrudes from one end of the magnetic coil or connects there to a soft magnetic extension and at the other end of the Solenoid is firmly connected to a housing wall made of soft magnetic material of a housing, the housing wall with a wall area or extension protruding beyond the one end of the magnet coil and the permanent magnet at this front end of the magnet coil between the rod or the rod-side extension and the wall area or the housing-side extension is arranged.
the magnetic north-south axis of the permanent magnet extends transversely to the axis of rotation and in all positions of the permanent magnet has a directional component transverse to the direction of the magnetic field of the magnet coil, the magnetic field that can be generated by the electromagnet arrangement with both poles of the permanent magnet can generate high actuating forces cooperate because there is a strong concentration of the magnetic flux between the poles of the electromagnet arrangement and the permanent magnet.
the layers to be set can be designed to be self-retaining in a particularly simple manner.
the poles of the permanent magnet approach each other relatively strongly to the poles of the electromagnet arrangement. If the electromagnet arrangement now has soft-magnetic pole parts or pieces, the poles of the permanent magnet seek to magnetically attract these parts or pieces even when the electromagnet arrangement is kept electrically currentless.
the holding forces are greater the closer the poles of the permanent magnet can approach the pole parts or pieces mentioned.
the end of the soft magnetic rod protruding from one end of the coil or the extension continuing the rod on the one hand and the extension of the housing wall on the other hand form the pole parts or pieces of the electromagnet arrangement. This enables a particularly compact structural unit to be achieved.
the housing can be essentially closed and cylindrical, in which case one end wall of the housing forms the housing wall fixedly connected to the rod and the other end wall forms the wall area projecting beyond the one end of the magnet coil.
a plurality, for example two or three, of the housing wall protruding extensions of the housing wall can be arranged on the wall of the cup-shaped housing, these wall extensions in the Usually distributed uniformly over the circumference of the housing. In this way, several pole parts or pieces of the same name are formed on the housing. This makes it possible to arrange several separate permanent magnets each between an extension of the wall of the housing and the free end of the rod or the extension adjoining the rod.
the multiple arrangement of the permanent magnets can be advantageous if the actuator is to be used for handling devices with a gripper function.
Each permanent magnet can be drive-coupled with a separate gripper element.
poles of the electromagnet arrangement or their pole parts or pieces cooperate only with one pole or several poles of the same name of the permanent magnet arrangement.
the permanent magnet arrangement can be designed as an eccentric, on which the pole or poles of one magnetic polarity are arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation, in such a way that they can interact with the poles or pulse shoes or pieces of the electromagnet arrangement ,
the poles or the pole pieces or pieces of the electromagnet arrangement in turn consist of soft magnetic material so that they are able to interact magnetically with the permanent magnet arrangement to secure the positions to be set.
the actuator shown in Figures 1 and 2 has a cylindrical magnetic coil 1, preferably with a relatively short axial length and a comparatively large diameter.
the windings of the magnet coil 1 are arranged on a plastic support part 2, on one end of which a base 3 is formed, which on the one hand for fastening the magnet coil 1 on a mounting surface 4 and on the other hand for holding the electrical connections 5 of the magnet coil 1 embedded in it serves.
the magnet coil 1 is axially penetrated by a soft magnetic rod 6, which protrudes at one end from the magnet coil 1 with an extension 7, which is arranged eccentrically and has a flattened upper side.
the rod 6 is fixed, for example by riveting, to the bottom of a cup-shaped housing 8 which surrounds the magnet coil 1 and is made of soft magnetic material.
the peripheral wall of the housing 8 protrudes on the one end face of the housing 8 which is not covered Magnetic coil 1 with an extension 9, which has approximately the same width and length as the extension 7 of the rod 6, beyond the left end face of the magnetic coil 1 in FIG. 1.
the extensions 7 and 9 form magnetically opposite pole parts or pieces, between which a comparatively strong magnetic field extends, in particular if the distance between the extensions 7 and 9 is small.
a double-armed lever 10 made of non-magnetizable material, preferably plastic, is rotatably arranged on an axis 11 which is parallel to the coil axis but is eccentric to the coil axis and which connects the lever 10 to a part to be driven, for example a roller 12, in terms of drive.
a permanent magnet 13 is embedded or held in the lever 10 within the magnetic field that can be generated between the extensions 7 and 9 or held in place by clamping.
the magnetic north-south axis of the permanent magnet 13 lies approximately in the example shown in a central position of the lever 10 transverse to the direction of the magnetic field that can be generated between the extensions 7 and 9.
the actuator shown works as follows:
This magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnet 13, a torque being exerted on the permanent magnet 13, which attempts to adjust the permanent magnet 13 such that its magnetic north-south direction is antiparallel to the magnetic north-south direction of the between the extensions 7 and 9 generated magnetic field.
the lever arms of the lever 10 cooperate abutly with the extension 7 of the rod 6 - for this purpose the lever arms have corresponding abutment surfaces 10 '- an exactly antiparallel orientation of the magnetic north-south direction of the permanent magnet 13 relative to the magnetic north-south Prevents the direction of the magnetic field generated between the extensions 7 and 9, ie in both reachable end positions of the lever 10 these north-south directions form an angle of for example 45 o in front view of the magnet coil 1.
both end positions are automatically held because the poles of the permanent magnet 13 seek to magnetically attract the respectively adjacent extensions 7 and 9 and because the respective distances in the end positions of the lever 10 reach a (relative) minimum.
the lever 10 or a instead arranged support part for the permanent magnet 13 should be designed so that direct contact between the permanent magnet 13 and the extension 7 and / or 9 is prevented.
the magnetic holding forces acting in the end positions of the lever 10, which are generated by the interaction of the permanent magnet 13 with the extensions 7 and 9, are reduced, with the result that it is sufficient to apply relatively weak electrical currents to the magnet coil 1 to enable switching of the lever 10 between the two end positions.
the extensions 7 and 9 should face each other with relatively large areas, so that the magnetic field between the extensions 7 and 9 "envelops" the permanent magnet 13.
the permanent magnet should have the largest possible cross section transverse to its magnetic north-south axis, the diameter of the cross section possibly being greater than the length of the permanent magnet in the direction of its magnetic axis.
the permanent magnet 13 has a rectangular or - preferably a square cross section and is arranged such that the axis of rotation 11 is aligned parallel to two sides of the rectangle or square.
the lever 10 or a corresponding support part for the permanent magnet 13 can also have a different shape.
the abutment surfaces 10 'with a different V-shape can be arranged relative to one another in order to enable a rotational stroke between the end positions which is greater or less than 90 °.
lever 10 can also cooperate abruptly with parts separated from the extensions 7 and 9.
levers 10 and the associated permanent magnets 13 are also possible.
a plurality of extensions 9 of the peripheral wall of the housing 8 are arranged, in which case a lever 10 with a permanent magnet 13 can then be arranged between each extension 9 and the extension 7 in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
the solenoid 1 is energized, a corresponding number of levers 10 are then adjusted simultaneously.
the magnet coil 1 is accommodated in a practically completely closed housing 8, the cylindrical circumferential wall of which encloses the coil 1 practically without a gap.
One end wall 8 'of the housing 8 is arranged directly next to the facing end of the coil 1 and is fixedly connected to a rod 6 which passes axially through the coil 1 and which, like the housing 8, is made of soft magnetic material.
the rod 6 extends up to the top end face of the coil 1 in FIG. 3.
the other end wall 8 ′′ of the housing 8 is arranged at a distance from the facing end face of the coil 8 and the facing end of the rod 6.
an extension projecting toward the rod 6 can be arranged on the end wall 8 ', deviating from the illustration in FIG. 3, the cross section of which can correspond to the cross section of the rod 6.
the end wall 8 ′′ or the extension arranged thereon on the one hand and the end of the rod 6 facing the end wall 8 ′′ on the other hand form the poles or pole pieces of the electromagnet arrangement, i.e. A magnetic field is generated between the rod 6 and the end wall 8 ′′ or the extension arranged thereon, the strength of which is dependent on the strength of the electrical current passing through the magnet coil 1.
an axis 11 with this axis 11 is located by means of the axis 11, which is rotatably mounted in openings in the peripheral wall of the housing 8
Rotationally connected double-armed lever 10 made of non-magnetizable material, for example plastic, is arranged.
the arms of the lever 10 are dimensioned such that they interact with the housing end wall 8 '' or with the rod 6 in such a way that the lever 10 can assume two end positions in which the magnetic north-south direction of the permanent magnet 13 is inclined is aligned with the axis of the magnetic coil 1.
the permanent magnet 13 and thus the lever 10 then seek to assume one or the other end position. Even when the coil is switched off, the end positions are automatically held due to the magnetic attraction forces which are active between the poles of the permanent magnet 13 and the housing end wall 8 ′′ or the rod 6.
the actuator shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a cylindrical magnetic coil 1 with a core 20 made of soft magnetic material.
the magnet coil 1 can be connected to a DC voltage source, not shown, in a manner which can be reversed, so that the coil 1 can be supplied with current in two opposite directions.
the magnetic north-south direction of the core 20 in FIG. 1 then points from right to left or from left to right.
Each end of the core 20 is connected to a holding element 23 'or 23' 'which, like the core 20, is made of soft magnetic material.
the holding elements 23 'and 23'' are designed as sheet metal parts, which essentially consist of a plate arranged at the front end of the magnet coil 1 with a plate plane radial to the coil axis.
the holding elements 23 'and 23'' have at their lower edges in FIG. 5 angled flanges for fastening on an assembly level.
tabs 24' and 24 '' which are directed towards one another are arranged in a common plane and which can be offset to the side relative to the axis of the magnetic coil 1 according to FIG. 6.
the eccentric part 25 consists of non-magnetizable material, for example plastic.
the eccentric part 25 has a segment 25 'in the form of a segment of a circle, by means of which the possible rotational stroke of the eccentric part 25 in cooperation with the tabs 24' and 24 '' is limited, i.e. In one end position of the eccentric part 25, the tab 24 'acts as a stop, while the eccentric part 25 strikes the tab 24' 'in its other end position.
section 25 'of the eccentric part 25 two rod-shaped permanent magnets 27' and 27 '' are embedded, in such a way that on the radial end faces of the section 25 'of the eccentric part 25 poles of the same magnetic polarity - in the example of FIG. 5, the magnetic N -Pole - are arranged.
poles of the opposite magnetic polarity of the permanent magnets 27 'and 27' ' can abut one another approximately in the radial central plane of the section 25' of the eccentric part 25.
the eccentric part 25 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an organ to be driven, in the example of FIGS. 5 and 6 to a segment roller 12 of a display panel, a shaft bearing 29 common to both parts being arranged axially between the segment roller 12 and the eccentric part 25 .
the possible end positions of the eccentric part 25 are secured when the magnet coil 1 is de-energized by the permanent magnets 27 ′ or 27 ′′ interacting with the tabs 24 ′ or 24 ′′.
the end position shown in FIG. 5 is held by the permanent magnet 27 ', which with its one pole (N pole) faces the tab 24' and tries to attract it. Since the distance between the tab 24 'and the facing pole of the permanent magnet 27' is significantly smaller than the corresponding distance between the tab 24 '' and the facing pole of the permanent magnet 27 ", those between the permanent magnet 27 'and the tab 24' acting magnetic forces significantly larger than those between the permanent magnet 27 "and the tab 24".
the tabs 24 ′ and 24 ′′ form magnetic poles of opposite magnetic polarity, since the holding elements 23 ′ and 23 ′′ consist of magnetizable material and are in a magnetically conductive connection with the core 20 of the magnet coil 1.
the two end positions of the eccentric part 25 can be set by appropriate electrical polarity of the electrical connections of the magnetic coil 1 with the DC voltage source.
the solenoid 1 can be switched off.
the permanent magnets 27 'and 27' ' can also be embedded in section 25' of the eccentric part 25 in such a way that they are in the end positions of the eccentric part 25 on the tabs 24 'and 24, respectively '' lie on. As a result, the holding forces securing the end positions of the eccentric part 25 can be increased.
FIG. 7 differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 only in that the eccentric part 25 is designed as a permanent magnet, the section 25 ′ being the pole of one polarity (N pole) and that of the shaft 26 adjacent area forms the pole of opposite magnetic polarity.
the holding elements 23 'and 23 "or tabs 24' and 24" formed on them cooperate with the eccentric part 25 or the slide 30 in the manner of stops.
stops which are connected to the organ driven by the actuator e.g. interact with the segment roller 12.
the holding elements 23 'and 23' 'or the tabs 24' and 24 '' are not required as mechanical stops.
Hall generators or other sensors can be arranged which respond to the magnetic field of the permanent magnets in these positions.
the positions to be set can be maintained with great force even when the electromagnet is de-energized, a greatly increased holding force possibly being possible by energizing the electromagnet, specifically in both positions.
a short current surge is sufficient to switch between the two positions, i.e. the energy consumption is low.

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Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Electromagnetism (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Power Engineering (AREA)
Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Electromagnets (AREA)
Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Prostheses (AREA)

EP91110334A 1990-06-26 1991-06-22 Stellantrieb zur Einstellung von zwei selbsthaltenden Lagen Expired - Lifetime EP0463590B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE19904020275 DE4020275C2 (de)	1990-06-26	1990-06-26	Stellenantrieb zur Einstellung von zwei selbsthaltenden Lagen
DE4020275		1990-06-26
DE4027366		1990-08-30
DE4027366A DE4027366A1 (de)	1990-06-26	1990-08-30	Stellantrieb zur einstellung von zwei lagen

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0463590A2 EP0463590A2 (de)	1992-01-02
EP0463590A3 EP0463590A3 (en)	1993-02-24
EP0463590B1 true EP0463590B1 (de)	1997-08-20

Family

ID=25894459

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP91110334A Expired - Lifetime EP0463590B1 (de)	1990-06-26	1991-06-22	Stellantrieb zur Einstellung von zwei selbsthaltenden Lagen

Country Status (4)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0463590B1 (es)
AT (1)	ATE157195T1 (es)
DE (2)	DE4027366A1 (es)
ES (1)	ES2106745T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
FR2717947B1 (fr) *	1994-03-25	1996-05-31	Sagem	Actionneur électromagnétique rotatif à débattement angulaire limité.
CN112967861B (zh) *	2021-03-02	2022-09-16	东莞市粤海磁电科技有限公司	一种用于磁铁充磁的自动多极充磁设备

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2632072A (en) *	1950-03-20	1953-03-17	Floyd L Zellner	Low voltage switch
DE1292244B (de) *	1963-01-31	1969-04-10	Siemens Ag	Elektrisches Schaltgeraet
AU1155866A (en) *	1967-06-22	1969-01-09	Telephone & Electrical Industries Pty. Ltd	Electromechanical bi-stable motive unit
CA1132646A (en) *	1979-06-05	1982-09-28	Christian C. Petersen	Linear motor
DE3520773C1 (de) *	1985-05-29	1989-07-20	SDS-Relais AG, 8024 Deisenhofen	Elektromagnetisches Relais
DE3640188C2 (de) *	1986-11-25	1995-03-23	Deutsche Aerospace	Stellglied
DE3843646C2 (de) *	1988-12-23	1994-05-26	Spinner Georg	Elektromagnetischer Schalterantrieb

1990
- 1990-08-30 DE DE4027366A patent/DE4027366A1/de not_active Withdrawn
1991
- 1991-06-22 AT AT91110334T patent/ATE157195T1/de active
- 1991-06-22 ES ES91110334T patent/ES2106745T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-22 DE DE59108827T patent/DE59108827D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-06-22 EP EP91110334A patent/EP0463590B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
EP0463590A2 (de)	1992-01-02
ES2106745T3 (es)	1997-11-16
DE4027366A1 (de)	1992-03-19
EP0463590A3 (en)	1993-02-24
ATE157195T1 (de)	1997-09-15
DE59108827D1 (de)	1997-09-25

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EP0021335B1 (de)	1983-11-09	Elektromagnetische Einrichtung für Druckstösselantrieb
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DE3915539A1 (de)	1990-11-15	Elektronisch kommutierter gleichstrommotor
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DE2834579C2 (de)	1983-05-19	Motor
DE102021209914B3 (de)	2022-10-13	Stellantrieb mit einer elektrisch ein- und ausschaltbaren, berührungsfrei arbeitenden magnetischen Rastmomenthemmung zum Halten oder Lösen eines Rotorbechers eines Stellantriebmotors
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DE4409889C2 (de)	1996-12-05	Drehmagnet, insbesondere Regelmagnet