EP0462988A1 - Process and device for handling metals in a vacuum. - Google Patents

Process and device for handling metals in a vacuum.

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Publication number
EP0462988A1
EP0462988A1 EP90903585A EP90903585A EP0462988A1 EP 0462988 A1 EP0462988 A1 EP 0462988A1 EP 90903585 A EP90903585 A EP 90903585A EP 90903585 A EP90903585 A EP 90903585A EP 0462988 A1 EP0462988 A1 EP 0462988A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum
pan
cover
annular
vacuum treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90903585A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0462988B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Dittrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Priority to AT90903585T priority Critical patent/ATE95250T1/en
Publication of EP0462988A1 publication Critical patent/EP0462988A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0462988B1 publication Critical patent/EP0462988B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for vacuum treatment of metals, in particular steel, according to the features of the preambles of claims 1 and 3.
  • pan degassing the tapping pan filled with steel is lowered into a large cylindrical chamber and then closed by a lid in a vacuum-tight manner .
  • a rubber ring is usually used as a seal.
  • the lids are made either from steel molds or from sheet metal structures.
  • On the underside of the cover there is radiation protection made of sheet metal and / or fireproof ramming compound.
  • the vacuum generation usually consists of at least four emitters. If a steel melt is exposed to a negative pressure, gas bubbles are formed inside the steel with a pressure that is dependent on the internal pressure above the melt surface. The unquenched steel with a high oxygen content triggers a boiling effect through the formation of carbon oxide even at pressures below 200 Torr in the free space of the vacuum treatment vessel and thereby simultaneously flushes the hydrogen and nitrogen out of the molten metal, so that even at this relatively poor vacuum The gases are removed. If the pressure is reduced further, the boiling can become so violent that, for example, molten steel rises 1 meter and higher in the pan. A sufficient climbing height by choosing a larger pan is required, so the pan cannot be filled up to its edge, but must have a so-called freeboard.
  • pan sizes and fill weights are coordinated with the hoists. Due to the requirement of The pans can no longer be filled to the brim on freeboards, with the disadvantage of reduced production.
  • the alternative solution of enlarging the pans has the consequence that the lifting devices and holding devices have to be adjusted to the increased transport weight.
  • Line another solution is a receptacle that depends on the pan.
  • DE-OS 20 32 830 a diving body is known which is immersed with the open side at the bottom in the melt and the inside of which is then evacuated.
  • This immersion body has the disadvantage that it has to be pressed into the melt in order to obtain the depth of the depth required during the vacuum treatment. After the negative pressure is applied, the melt level rises by the barometric difference, which can be well over 1 meter high, while the melt level not occupied by the vacuum drops by a similar amount.
  • melt in the immersion body which is smaller in comparison to the pan, a relatively large volume of melt is separated from the melt remaining in the pan, with the disadvantage that the two portions of the melt are subjected to different vacuum.
  • a device for ladle degassing of metal melts in which a reaction tube arranged below the lid of the vacuum treatment vessel can be immersed in the melt.
  • a lance with reaction-active gases for metallurgical treatment is guided into the space enclosed by the reaction tube, in which the degassing and thus the increase in volume of the melt is to take place. Due to the uniform negative pressure acting on the molten bath surface, it is not possible to safely avoid the increase in volume in the ring area between the reaction tube and the rim of the pan.
  • devices are known in which gas is introduced into the melt through a tubular partition wall immersed in the melt.
  • This partition is surrounded in a ring by another tubular partition, so that they are in communicating connection.
  • the object of the invention is to find a method and a device for vacuum treatment of metals, in particular steel, which avoid the disadvantages mentioned above, using simple means, make freeboarding of the pan unnecessary and do not hinder the degassing of the melt.
  • a structurally simple, structurally relatively small and lightweight apron is arranged on the lid of the vacuum treatment vessel.
  • the diameter of this apron is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the pan at diving height.
  • the lower open edge of the apron is only slightly immersed in the melt.
  • the immersed apron creates two, an annular and a circular, sector of the molten bath surface, which are subjected to different negative pressures.
  • the differential pressure can be set as desired.
  • the preferred range is between 1/2 to 2 pressure levels.
  • the size of the screen hardly impedes the vacuum treatment of the entire melt.
  • This effect is further improved by the fact that the depth of penetration of the apron is kept to a minimum and assumes values of 10 to 20 cm.
  • the space dimensions mentioned and the low immersion depth of the apron only insignificantly disturb the flow conditions in the melt. This has a particularly advantageous effect at today's high levels Flow rates of the molten bath, caused by large amounts of flushing gas, which are introduced into the melt by up to three flushing stones.
  • the pressure difference can either be tapped directly between two pressure levels or can be set continuously using a branch with throttles.
  • Tig. 2 a vacuum treatment vessel with an axially movable apron
  • Fig. 3 shows the connection of the vacuum treatment vessel to the
  • Vacuum generation station via branch and choke.
  • FIGS 1 and 1a show a vacuum treatment vessel 30 with a flange and sealing ring, on which a lid 20 rests.
  • a pan 40 filled with melt 41 is located in the vacuum treatment vessel 30.
  • the lower edge 22 of an apron 21 fastened to the cover 20 is immersed in the melt 41.
  • the apron 21 immersed in the molten bath surface divides it into a circular 42 and an annular 43 segment.
  • the free space A is enclosed by the circular Sehmelzbad surface 42, the inner jacket of the apron 21 and the circular part 23 of the lid 20.
  • the remaining part of the lid 20 with the annular part 29, the outer side of the skirt 21, the lower part of the vacuum treatment vessel 30, the outer side of the pan 40 and the annular melt surface 43 comprise the free space B.
  • the free space A is connected to the vacuum system 10 via a connection 24 in the region of the circular cover 23 and the free space B via a connection 25 in the region of the annular cover part 29.
  • the vacuum generating system 10 has a water ring pump 14, a steam jet 13 (60 Torr) and a condenser 16 between the two, further a steam jet 12 (10 Torr) and a steam jet 11 (0.5 Torr) and a condenser 15 between the radiators 12 and 13 on.
  • the free space A is connected to the maximum vacuum level p1 of the steam radiator 11, the free space B in the present case two levels less p2, between the radiators 13 and 12.
  • the level of the circular 42 increases relative to the annular 43 bath surface by the amount a.
  • FIG. 1 a has an electrode 60 which projects through the electrode bushing 61 in the region of the circular cover part 23 into the free space A.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a vertically adjustable apron 21 which is fastened to a circular part 23 of the cover 20, the circular part 23 being adjustable relative to the annular part 29 of the cover 20 by means of adjusting elements 51.
  • compensators 53 are provided between the annular part 29 and the circular part.
  • the connection 25 to the free space B is once in the cover 20, in the other case in the lower part of the vessel! of the vacuum treatment vessel 30 is arranged.
  • FIG. 3 shows the essential elements of FIG. 1 with the difference that there is a connection of the connection 24 to the free space A via a branch 26, which is simultaneously connected to the connection 25 of the free space B, between the branch 26 and the connection 25 a throttle 27 is provided.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un procédé de traitement de métaux, notamment d'acier, dans le vide, le métal fondu est contenu dans un récipient (30) de traitement dans le vide fermé de manière étanche par un couvercle (20). Afin d'obtenir un procédé et un dispositif de traitement de métaux, notamment d'acier, dans le vide, qui ne présente pas les inconvénients des procédés et dispositifs de l'état antérieur de l'art, tout en utilisant des moyens simples qui éliminent les espaces libres dans la poche (46) et qui permettant aux gaz contenus dans le métal fondu (41) de s'échapper, la surface (42) du métal fondu est soumise pendant le traitement dans le vide à divers vides partiels.According to a method of treating metals, in particular steel, in a vacuum, the molten metal is contained in a vessel (30) for treatment in the vacuum sealed by a cover (20). In order to obtain a method and a device for treating metals, in particular steel, in a vacuum, which does not have the drawbacks of the methods and devices of the prior state of the art, while using simple means which eliminating free spaces in the pocket (46) and allowing gases contained in the molten metal (41) to escape, the surface (42) of the molten metal is subjected during the vacuum treatment to various partial voids.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vakuumbehandlung von Herallen Method and device for vacuum treatment of halls
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Vakuumbehandlung von Metallen, insbesondere Stahl nach den Merkmalen der Oberbegriffe der Ansprüche 1 und 3. Bei einer sogenannten Pfannenentgasung wird die mit Stahl geföllte Abstichpfanne in eine große zylindrische Kammer gesenkt und diese daraufhin durch einen Deckel vakuumdicht verschlossen. Als Dichtung dient in der Regel ein Gummiring. Die Deckel werden entweder aus Stahlgußformen oder aus Blechkonstruktionen hergestellt. An der Unterseite der Deckel befindet sich ein Strahlungsschutz aus Blech und/oder feuerfester Stampfmasse. Auf dem Deckel befinden sich Zugabevorrichtungen und Beobachtungsfenster. The invention relates to a method and a device for vacuum treatment of metals, in particular steel, according to the features of the preambles of claims 1 and 3. In a so-called pan degassing, the tapping pan filled with steel is lowered into a large cylindrical chamber and then closed by a lid in a vacuum-tight manner . A rubber ring is usually used as a seal. The lids are made either from steel molds or from sheet metal structures. On the underside of the cover there is radiation protection made of sheet metal and / or fireproof ramming compound. There are addition devices and observation windows on the lid.
Die Vakuumerzeugung besteht üblicherweise aus mindestens vier Strahlern. Wird eine Stahlschmelze einem Unterdruck ausgesetzt, so bilden sich im Inneren des Stahles Gasblasen mit einem Druck, der vom Innendruck über der Schmelzoberfläche abhängig ist. Der nicht beruhigte Stahl mit hohem Sauerstoffgehalt löst über die Bildung von Kohlenoxid bereits bei Drücken von unter 200 Torr im freiraum des Vakuumbehandlungsgefäßes eine Kochwirkung aus und spült hierdurch gleichzeitig den Wasserstoff und Stickstoff aus dem schmelzflüssigen Metall heraus, so daß bereits bei diesem relativ schlechten Vakuum eine Entfernung der Gase erfolgt. Bei weiterem Senken des Druckes kann das Kochen derartig heftig werden, daß beispielsweise schmelzflüssiger Stahl 1 Meter und höher in der Pfanne hochsteigt. Eine genügende Steighöhe durch die Wahl einer größeren Pfanne ist erforderlich, die Pfanne kann also nicht bis an ihren Rand gefüllt werden, sondern muß ein sogenanntes Freibord aufweisen. Bei bestehenden Stahlwerksanlagen sind die Pfannengrößen und Füllgewichte mit den Hebezeugen abgestimmt. Durch das Erfordernis des Freibords können die Pfannen nicht mehr bis zum Rand gefüllt werden mit dem Nachteil von Produktionseinbußen. Die Alternativlösung, die Pfannen zu vergrößern, hat zur Folge, daß die Hebezeuge und Aufnahmevorrichtungen an das erhöhte Transportgewicht anzugleichen sind. The vacuum generation usually consists of at least four emitters. If a steel melt is exposed to a negative pressure, gas bubbles are formed inside the steel with a pressure that is dependent on the internal pressure above the melt surface. The unquenched steel with a high oxygen content triggers a boiling effect through the formation of carbon oxide even at pressures below 200 Torr in the free space of the vacuum treatment vessel and thereby simultaneously flushes the hydrogen and nitrogen out of the molten metal, so that even at this relatively poor vacuum The gases are removed. If the pressure is reduced further, the boiling can become so violent that, for example, molten steel rises 1 meter and higher in the pan. A sufficient climbing height by choosing a larger pan is required, so the pan cannot be filled up to its edge, but must have a so-called freeboard. In existing steelworks, the pan sizes and fill weights are coordinated with the hoists. Due to the requirement of The pans can no longer be filled to the brim on freeboards, with the disadvantage of reduced production. The alternative solution of enlarging the pans has the consequence that the lifting devices and holding devices have to be adjusted to the increased transport weight.
Line weitere Lösung bietet ein von der Pfanne abhängiges Aufnahmegefäß. Aus DE-OS 20 32 830 ist ein Tauchkörper bekannt, der mit der offenen Seite zuunterst in die Schmelze eingetaucht wird und dessen Inneres dann evakuiert wird. Dieser Tauchkörper weist den Nachteil auf, daß er in die Schmelze hineingedrückt werden muß, um die während der Vakuumbehandlung erforderliche Taurhtiefe zu erhalten. Nach Anlegen des Unterdrucks steigt der Schmelzenspiegel um den barometrischen Differenzbetrag, der eine Höhe von weit über 1 Meter aufweisen kann, an, während der nicht von dem Vakuum belegte Schmelzenspiegel um einen ähnlichen Betrag absinkt. Durch die Aufnahme von Schmelze in dem im Vergleich zur Pfanne kleineren Tauchkörper wird ein relativ großes Volumen an Schmelze von der in der Pfanne verbleibenden Schmelze getrennt mit dem Nachteil unterschiedlicher Vakuumbeaufschlagung beider Schmelzenanteile. Line another solution is a receptacle that depends on the pan. From DE-OS 20 32 830 a diving body is known which is immersed with the open side at the bottom in the melt and the inside of which is then evacuated. This immersion body has the disadvantage that it has to be pressed into the melt in order to obtain the depth of the depth required during the vacuum treatment. After the negative pressure is applied, the melt level rises by the barometric difference, which can be well over 1 meter high, while the melt level not occupied by the vacuum drops by a similar amount. By absorbing melt in the immersion body, which is smaller in comparison to the pan, a relatively large volume of melt is separated from the melt remaining in the pan, with the disadvantage that the two portions of the melt are subjected to different vacuum.
Aus DE-AS 19 65 136 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Pfannenentgasung von Metallschmelzen bekannt, bei der ein unterhalb des Deckels des Vakuumbehandlungsgefäßes angeordnetes Reaktionsrohr in die Schmelze eintauchbar ist. In aufwendiger Weise ist eine Lanze mit reaklionsaktiven Gasen zur metallurgischen Behandlung in den von dem Reaktionsrohr umschlossenen Raum geführt, in dem die Entgasung und damit die Volumenzunahme der Schmelze erfolgen soll. Durch den einheitlichen, auf die 5chmelzbadoberfläche wirkenden Unterdruck ist kein sicheres Vermeiden der Volumenzunahme im Ringbereich zwischen Reaktionsrohr und Pfannenrand möglich. Aus der DE -AS 19 12 907 bzw. 19 19 053 sind andererseits Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen Gas durch eine in die Schmelze eintauchende rohrförmige Trennwand in die Schmelze eingeführt wird. Diese Trennwand wird ringförmig von einer weiteren rohrförmigen Trennwand umgeben, so daß diese in kommuni zi erender Verbindung stehen. Durch Anschluß an Druck- und/oder Saugpumpen wird bei unterschiedlichem Druck die Einstellung verschiedener Spiegelhöhen in den einzelnen Räumen erreicht und dies führt letztlich zu einer verbesserten Strömung des Metalles bzw. Badbewegung. From DE-AS 19 65 136 a device for ladle degassing of metal melts is known, in which a reaction tube arranged below the lid of the vacuum treatment vessel can be immersed in the melt. In a complex manner, a lance with reaction-active gases for metallurgical treatment is guided into the space enclosed by the reaction tube, in which the degassing and thus the increase in volume of the melt is to take place. Due to the uniform negative pressure acting on the molten bath surface, it is not possible to safely avoid the increase in volume in the ring area between the reaction tube and the rim of the pan. From DE -AS 19 12 907 and 19 19 053, on the other hand, devices are known in which gas is introduced into the melt through a tubular partition wall immersed in the melt. This partition is surrounded in a ring by another tubular partition, so that they are in communicating connection. By connecting to pressure and / or suction pumps, the setting of different mirror heights in the individual rooms is achieved at different pressures and this ultimately leads to an improved flow of the metal or bath movement.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Vakuumbehandlung von Metallen, insbesondere Stahl, zu finden, die die obengenannten Nachteile vermeiden, unter Einsatz einfacher Mittel, ein Freibord der Pfanne entbehrlich machen und die Entgasung der Schmelze nicht behindern. The object of the invention is to find a method and a device for vacuum treatment of metals, in particular steel, which avoid the disadvantages mentioned above, using simple means, make freeboarding of the pan unnecessary and do not hinder the degassing of the melt.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 3. The invention solves this problem by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 3.
Erfindungsgemäß wird an den Deckel des Vakuumbehandlungsgefäßes eine konstruktiv einfache, baulich relativ kleine und gewichtsmäßig leichte Schürze angeordnet. Der Durchmesser dieser Schürze ist nur geringförmig kleiner als der Durchmesser der Pfanne in Tauchhöhe. Der untere offene Rand der Schürze wird nur geringfügig in die Schmelze eingetaucht. Durch die eingetauchte Schürze entstehen zwei, ein ringförmiger und ein kreisförmiger, Sektor der Schmelzbadoberfläche, die mit unterschiedlichen Unterdrücken beaufschlagt werden. According to the invention, a structurally simple, structurally relatively small and lightweight apron is arranged on the lid of the vacuum treatment vessel. The diameter of this apron is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the pan at diving height. The lower open edge of the apron is only slightly immersed in the melt. The immersed apron creates two, an annular and a circular, sector of the molten bath surface, which are subjected to different negative pressures.
Der Differenzdruck läßt sich beliebig einstellen. Der bevorzugte Bereich liegt zwischen 1/2 bis 2 Druckstufen. The differential pressure can be set as desired. The preferred range is between 1/2 to 2 pressure levels.
Durch die Größe des Schirmes, dessen Radius ein Verhältnis zur Breite des ringförmigen Sektors von 8 : 1 bis 122 : 1 aufweist, wird die Vakuumbehandlung der Gesamtschmelze kaum behindert. Verbessert wird dieser Effekt noch dadurch, daß die Eindringtiefe der Schürze auf ein Minimum beschränkt wird und dabei Werte von 10 bis 20 cm annimmt. Die genannten Raummaße und die geringe Eintauchtiefe der Schürze stören nur unwesentlich die Strömungsverhältnisse in der Schmelze. Dies wirkt sich besonders vorteilhaft bei den heute üblichen hohen Strömungsgeschindigkeiten des Srhmelzbadcs aus, hervorgerufen durch große Spülgasmengen, die durch bis zu drei Spülsteinen in die Schmelze eingebracht werden. The size of the screen, the radius of which has a ratio to the width of the annular sector of 8: 1 to 122: 1, hardly impedes the vacuum treatment of the entire melt. This effect is further improved by the fact that the depth of penetration of the apron is kept to a minimum and assumes values of 10 to 20 cm. The space dimensions mentioned and the low immersion depth of the apron only insignificantly disturb the flow conditions in the melt. This has a particularly advantageous effect at today's high levels Flow rates of the molten bath, caused by large amounts of flushing gas, which are introduced into the melt by up to three flushing stones.
Dieser Effekt kann kaum weiter verbessert werden, wenn der Schirm vertikal verstellbar ausgebildet wird, da in Abhängigkeit von der füllhöhe der Pfanne die Eintauchtiefe der Schürze in jedem Stadium der Vakuumbehandlung eingestellt werden kann. This effect can hardly be further improved if the screen is designed to be vertically adjustable, since the immersion depth of the apron can be adjusted in each stage of the vacuum treatment depending on the filling height of the pan.
Die Druckdifferenz kann entweder direkt zwischen zwei Druckstufen abgegriffen oder durch den Einsatz einer Abzweigung mit Drosseln stufenlos eingestellt werden. The pressure difference can either be tapped directly between two pressure levels or can be set continuously using a branch with throttles.
In den folgenden Zeichnungen sind Beispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigt: fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch das Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß mit Examples of the invention are shown schematically in the following drawings. It shows: fig. 1 shows a section through the vacuum treatment vessel
Ganzdeckel bei Anschluß aus verschiedenen Stufen einer Vakuumerzeugungsanlage,  Full cover when connecting from different stages of a vacuum generation system,
Fig. la die Figur 1 mit zusätzlicher Elektrode zum Freiraum A, La the figure 1 with additional electrode to the free space A,
Tig. 2 ein Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß mit axial bewegbarer Schürze, Tig. 2 a vacuum treatment vessel with an axially movable apron,
Fig. 3 den Anschluß des Vakuumbehandlungsgefäßes an die Fig. 3 shows the connection of the vacuum treatment vessel to the
Vakuumerzeugungsstation über Verzweigung und Drossel. Vacuum generation station via branch and choke.
Die figuren 1 und 1a zeigen ein Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß 30 mit Flansch und Dichtring, auf dem ein Deckel 20 aufliegt. Im Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß 30 befindet sich eine mit Schmelze 41 gefüllte Pfanne 40. In die Schmelze 41 taucht der untere Rand 22 einer am Deckel 20 befestigten Schürze 21. Figures 1 and 1a show a vacuum treatment vessel 30 with a flange and sealing ring, on which a lid 20 rests. A pan 40 filled with melt 41 is located in the vacuum treatment vessel 30. The lower edge 22 of an apron 21 fastened to the cover 20 is immersed in the melt 41.
Die in die Schmelzbadoberfläche eingetauchte Schürze 21 teilt diese in ein kreisförmiges 42 und ein ringförmiges 43 Segment. The apron 21 immersed in the molten bath surface divides it into a circular 42 and an annular 43 segment.
Von der kreisförmigen Sehmelzbadoberflache 42, dem Innenmantel der Schürze 21 und dem kreisförmigen Teil 23 des Deckels 20 wird der Freiraum A umfaßt. Der übrige Teil des Deckels 20 mit dem ringförmigen Teil 29, die Mantelaußenseite der Schürze 21, das Unterteil des Vakuumbehandlungsgefäßes 30, die Außenseite der Pfanne 40 und die ringförmige Schmelzenoberfläche 43 umfassen den Freiraum B. The free space A is enclosed by the circular Sehmelzbad surface 42, the inner jacket of the apron 21 and the circular part 23 of the lid 20. The remaining part of the lid 20 with the annular part 29, the outer side of the skirt 21, the lower part of the vacuum treatment vessel 30, the outer side of the pan 40 and the annular melt surface 43 comprise the free space B.
Zur Beobachtung der Schmelzenoberflächen 42, 43 sind im Deckel 20 Beobachtungsfenster 33, 34 vorgesehen. Der Freiräum A ist über einen Anschluß 24 im Bereich des kreisförmigen Deckels 23 und der Freiraum B über einen Anschluß 25 im Bereich des ringförmigen Deckelteiles 29 mit der Vakuumanlage 10 verbunden. To observe the melt surfaces 42, 43, 20 observation windows 33, 34 are provided in the cover. The free space A is connected to the vacuum system 10 via a connection 24 in the region of the circular cover 23 and the free space B via a connection 25 in the region of the annular cover part 29.
Die Vakuumerzeugungsanlage 10 weist eine Wasserringpumpe 14, einen Dampfstrahler 13 (60Torr) und zwischen beiden einen Kondensator 16 auf, weiterhin einen Dampfstrahler 12 (10 Torr) sowie einen Dampfstrahler 11 (0,5 Torr) und zwischen den Strahlern 12 und 13 einen Kondensator 15 auf. Der Freiraum A ist an die maximale Unterdruckstufe p1 des DampfStrahlers 11, der rreiraum B im vorliegenden Fall zwei Stufen geringer p2, zwischen den Strahlern 13 und 12 angeschlossen. Während des fietriebes der Vakuumerzeugungsanlage 10 steigt das Niveau der kreisförmigen 42 relativ zur ringförmigen 43 Sohmelzbadeberfläche um den Betrag a an. The vacuum generating system 10 has a water ring pump 14, a steam jet 13 (60 Torr) and a condenser 16 between the two, further a steam jet 12 (10 Torr) and a steam jet 11 (0.5 Torr) and a condenser 15 between the radiators 12 and 13 on. The free space A is connected to the maximum vacuum level p1 of the steam radiator 11, the free space B in the present case two levels less p2, between the radiators 13 and 12. During the operation of the vacuum generation system 10, the level of the circular 42 increases relative to the annular 43 bath surface by the amount a.
Die Figur la weist über die oben beschriebene Anlage in Figur 1 hinaus eine Elektrode 60 auf, die durch die Elektrodendurchführung 61 im Bereich des kreisförmigen Deckelteiles 23 hindurch in den Freiraum A ragt. In addition to the system in FIG. 1 described above, FIG. 1 a has an electrode 60 which projects through the electrode bushing 61 in the region of the circular cover part 23 into the free space A.
In Figur 2 ist schematisch eine vertikal verstellbare Schürze 21 dargestellt, die an einem kreisförmigen Teil 23 des Deckels 20 befestigt ist, wobei der kreisförmige Teil 23 relativ zu dem ringförmigen Teil 29 des Deckels 20 mittels Verstellelemente 51 verstellbar ist. Zum gasdichten Abschluß sind zwischen dem ringförmigen Teil 29 und dem kreisförmigen Teil 23 Kompensatoren 53 vorgesehen. Der Anschluß 25 zum Freiräum B ist einmal im Deckel 20, im anderen Fall im Gefäßuntertei! des Vakuumbehandlungsgefäßes 30 angeordnet. FIG. 2 schematically shows a vertically adjustable apron 21 which is fastened to a circular part 23 of the cover 20, the circular part 23 being adjustable relative to the annular part 29 of the cover 20 by means of adjusting elements 51. For gas-tight closure 23 compensators 53 are provided between the annular part 29 and the circular part. The connection 25 to the free space B is once in the cover 20, in the other case in the lower part of the vessel! of the vacuum treatment vessel 30 is arranged.
Die Figur 3 zeigt die wesentlichen Elemente der Figur 1 mit dem Unterschied, daß eine Verbindung des Anschlusses 24 zu dem Freiraum A über eine Abzweigung 26 besteht, die gleichzeitig mit dem Anschluß 25 des Freiraumes B verbunden ist, wobei zwischen der Abzweigung 26 und dem Anschluß 25 ein Drossel 27 vorgesehen ist. FIG. 3 shows the essential elements of FIG. 1 with the difference that there is a connection of the connection 24 to the free space A via a branch 26, which is simultaneously connected to the connection 25 of the free space B, between the branch 26 and the connection 25 a throttle 27 is provided.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Verfahren zur Vakuumbehandlung von Metallen, insbesondere Stahl, bei dem schmelzflüssiges Metall sich in einem durch den Deckel dicht verschlossenen Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß befindet, wobei die Oberfläche des schmelzflüssigen Metalles in einen kreisförmigen und einen diesen umgebenden ringförmigen Sektor abgetrennt wird und das schmelzflüssige Metall während der Vakuumbehandlung an seiner Oberfläche unterschiedlichen Unterdrücken ausgesetzt wird, 1. A method for the vacuum treatment of metals, in particular steel, in which the molten metal is located in a vacuum treatment vessel which is tightly closed by the lid, the surface of the molten metal being separated into a circular sector and an annular sector surrounding it, and the molten metal during the vacuum treatment exposed to various negative pressures on its surface,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß der ringförmige im Vergleich zum kreisförmigen Sektor mit einem geringeren Unterdruck beaufschlagt wird und daß die Abtrennung der Sektoren bis zu einer Eintauchtiefe ins Schmelzbad zwischen 10 - 20 cm im ringförmigen Sektor vorgenommen wird. that the annular compared to the circular sector is subjected to a lower vacuum and that the separation of the sectors is carried out to a depth of immersion in the weld pool between 10-20 cm in the annular sector.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß eine Differenz des Unterdruckes zwischen dem ringförmigen und dem kreisförmigen Sektor gewählt wird, die mindestens der Hälfte einer Druckstufe der Vakuumanlage entspricht. that a difference in vacuum between the annular and the circular sector is selected, which corresponds to at least half of a pressure level of the vacuum system.
5. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2 mit einem Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß, daß einen mit einer Dichtung versehenen Deckel aufweist und das an eine mehrst ufige Vakuumcrzeugungsanlage angeschlossen ist, wobei im Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß eine mit schmelzflüssigem Metall gefüllte Pfanne einbringbar ist, 5. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claims 1 and 2 with a vacuum treatment vessel that has a cover provided with a seal and that is connected to a multi-stage vacuum generating system, a pan filled with molten metal being insertable in the vacuum treatment vessel,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß der Deckel (20) eine zylinderförmige, parallel zur Mittenachse (1) des Deckels (20) angeordnete Schürze (21) aufweist, deren Randbereich (22) bei gefüllter Pfanne (40) in die Schmelze (41) ragt und deren Durchmesser nur geringfügig kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der Pfanne in Tauchhöhe, that the cover (20) has a cylindrical apron (21) arranged parallel to the central axis (1) of the cover (20), the edge region (22) of which projects into the melt (41) when the pan (40) is full and the diameter of which is only slight is smaller than the diameter of the pan at diving height,
daß mit der Vakuumanlage (10) in Verbindung stehende Anschlüsse (24, 25) zu dem durch die Schürze (21) getrennten rreiraum (A) vorgesehen sind, der umschlossen wird vom kreisförmigen Teil (23) des Deckels (20) bei gefüllter Pfanne (40) durch die kreisförmige Schmelzenoberflache (42) und zu dem Freiraum (B), der umschlossen wird vom ringförmigen Teil (29) des Deckels (20), dem Vakuumbehandlungsgefäß (30), der Pfanne (40) und bei gefüllter Pfanne durch die ringförmige Schmelzenoberfläche (43), wobei der Anschluß (24) zum Freiraum (A) an einem die höchste Druckstufe der Vakuumanlage (10) aufweisenden Strahler (11) und der Anschluß (25) zum Freiraum (B) an den mindestens die zweithöchste Druckstufe der Vakuumanlage (10) aufweisenden Strahler (12) angeschlossen ist. that with the vacuum system (10) there are connections (24, 25) to the clearance (A) separated by the skirt (21), which is enclosed by the circular part (23) of the lid (20) when the pan is full ( 40) through the circular melt surface (42) and to the free space (B), which is enclosed by the annular part (29) of the lid (20), the vacuum treatment vessel (30), the pan (40) and, when the pan is filled, by the annular one Melt surface (43), the connection (24) to the free space (A) on a radiator (11) having the highest pressure level of the vacuum system (10) and the connection (25) to the free space (B) to the at least the second highest pressure level of the vacuum system (10) having radiator (12) is connected.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, 4. The device according to claim 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß am Anschluß (25) zum Freiräum (A) eine mit Drosselelementen that at the connection (25) to the clearance (A) one with throttle elements
(27) versehene Abzweigung (26) vorgesehen ist, die mit dem freiraum (B) in Verbindung steht. (27) provided branch (26) is provided, which is connected to the free space (B).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, 5. The device according to claim 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß der Deckel (20) eine ringförmige Öffnung (28) aufweist und daß Verstellelemente (51) am Deckel (20) vorgesehen eind, durch die die Schürze (21) parallel zur Mittenachse (1) bewegbar ist. that the cover (20) has an annular opening (28) and that adjusting elements (51) are provided on the cover (20) through which the apron (21) can be moved parallel to the central axis (1).
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, 6. The device according to claim 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß zwischen dem ringförmigen Teil (29) des Deckels (20) und dem von der Pfanne (40) wegweisenden Rand (23) der Schürze (21) Kompensatoren (53) gasdicht befestigt sind. that between the ring-shaped part (29) of the cover (20) and the edge (23) of the apron (21) pointing away from the pan (40), compensators (53) are attached in a gas-tight manner.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, 7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
daß durch den Deckel (20) mindestens eine Elektrode (60) führbar ist. that at least one electrode (60) can be guided through the cover (20).
EP90903585A 1989-02-24 1990-02-20 Process and device for handling metals in a vacuum Expired - Lifetime EP0462988B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90903585T ATE95250T1 (en) 1989-02-24 1990-02-20 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VACUUM TREATMENT OF METALS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3906340 1989-02-24
DE3906340A DE3906340A1 (en) 1989-02-24 1989-02-24 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VACUUM TREATMENT OF METALS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0462988A1 true EP0462988A1 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0462988B1 EP0462988B1 (en) 1993-09-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90903585A Expired - Lifetime EP0462988B1 (en) 1989-02-24 1990-02-20 Process and device for handling metals in a vacuum

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US5242485A (en)
EP (1) EP0462988B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2722011B2 (en)
KR (1) KR970005200B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1022115C (en)
BR (1) BR9007161A (en)
CA (1) CA2009923C (en)
DE (2) DE3906340A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2020091A6 (en)
WO (1) WO1990010087A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA901414B (en)

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US5603749A (en) * 1995-03-07 1997-02-18 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Apparatus and method for vacuum treating molten steel
DE19518361C1 (en) * 1995-05-19 1996-08-08 Technometal Ges Fuer Metalltec Vacuum-tight reaction vessel with a stuffing box for steel processing
CN1087034C (en) * 1999-11-02 2002-07-03 北京科技大学 Technology for desulfurizing molten steel in enclosed ladle by spraying powder
RU2324744C1 (en) * 2006-10-05 2008-05-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Прочность" Method of steel vacuum refining process in ladle, mechanism (variants) and junction pipe for its implementation
CN105624367B (en) * 2014-12-01 2017-07-21 鞍钢股份有限公司 Refining device and method for controlling nitrogen content of molten steel
RU2651097C2 (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-04-18 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт черной металлургии им. И.П.Бардина" (ФГУП "ЦНИИчермет им.И.П.Бардина") Device for vacuuming metal

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1022115C (en) 1993-09-15
WO1990010087A1 (en) 1990-09-07
KR920700297A (en) 1992-02-19
CA2009923C (en) 1999-09-14
EP0462988B1 (en) 1993-09-29
DE59002951D1 (en) 1993-11-04
JP2722011B2 (en) 1998-03-04
DE3906340A1 (en) 1990-08-30
DE3906340C2 (en) 1991-01-31
CA2009923A1 (en) 1990-08-24
US5242485A (en) 1993-09-07
ZA901414B (en) 1990-11-28
ES2020091A6 (en) 1991-07-16
CN1045128A (en) 1990-09-05
KR970005200B1 (en) 1997-04-14
BR9007161A (en) 1992-01-28

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