EP0458923B1 - Etiquette a resonance desactivable - Google Patents

Etiquette a resonance desactivable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0458923B1
EP0458923B1 EP91900151A EP91900151A EP0458923B1 EP 0458923 B1 EP0458923 B1 EP 0458923B1 EP 91900151 A EP91900151 A EP 91900151A EP 91900151 A EP91900151 A EP 91900151A EP 0458923 B1 EP0458923 B1 EP 0458923B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resonance label
label according
resonance
conductor
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91900151A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0458923A1 (fr
Inventor
Burckart C. Kind
Philipp Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Actron Entwicklungs AG
Original Assignee
Actron Entwicklungs AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Actron Entwicklungs AG filed Critical Actron Entwicklungs AG
Publication of EP0458923A1 publication Critical patent/EP0458923A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0458923B1 publication Critical patent/EP0458923B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G08B13/242—Tag deactivation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2431—Tag circuit details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G08B13/2442—Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a resonance tag according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Resonance labels are mainly used in retail, where they are used both for labeling goods and as an anti-theft device.
  • the resonance labels attached to the goods must be deactivated at the cash desk so that no false theft alarm is triggered when leaving the sales area. This deactivation must therefore be carried out in such a way that it is permanent and secure; The deactivation process must not be problematic in terms of trade supervision or postal matters, but must be simple and reliable.
  • US-A-3,810,147 describes a multiple resonance tag that has different frequencies for detection and deactivation. Deactivation also takes place here by blowing a fuse that is provided in the deactivation resonance circuit. In this way, possible false alarms that can arise if the detection and deactivation frequencies are the same are switched off.
  • the deactivation circuit containing the fuse is dimensioned from the point of view of keeping the longitudinal impedance of the induction coil and capacitor as low as possible in order to have the majority of the voltage drop available for the fuse connection to blow through. However, this means that the induction coil must be as small and the capacitor as large as possible. The size of the capacitor, however, causes both an undesirable increase in production costs and an impractical increase in the size of the resonance tag itself.
  • a fundamentally different possibility of deactivating a resonance label is based on the fact that - with a correspondingly high potential - a breakdown takes place through the dielectric which lies between the two conductor circuits on the two sides of the resonance label.
  • the dielectric layer was kept particularly thin, for example.
  • US-A-4,567,473 describes a resonance tag that has a notch in the dielectric between the capacitor plates.
  • the deactivation takes place at or near the resonance frequency with sufficient energy, so that there is a breakdown at this point determined by the notch through the dielectric.
  • metal should accumulate along the breakthrough section and thus a permanent short-circuit section, as a result of which the resonance properties of this resonant circuit are destroyed.
  • the production of a precisely defined notch in a thin dielectric layer proves to be relative complex and difficult. It was therefore proposed instead to bring the two capacitor plates closer together at certain points by pressure, and thus to thin the dielectric between the plates.
  • difficulties have arisen in manufacturing practice, which result primarily from the small, required tolerances.
  • the slightest fluctuations in thickness and material impurities in the dielectric often do not allow the desired, defined dilution to be achieved.
  • DE-A1-3732825 and DE-A1-3826480 describe resonance labels, in each of which a conductor spiral is covered by a deactivation conductor, an insulation layer being arranged between the conductor spiral and the deactivation conductor. In the case of an energy signal with a suitably selected energy, this insulation layer becomes electrically conductive. This deactivates the resonance label.
  • These resonance labels have several - at least two - defined breakdown points. Since only a part of the induction coil may fail during this deactivation process, frequency offsets and thus the triggering of false alarms may result.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a resonance tag in such a way that it can be safely and permanently deactivated and can also be produced inexpensively and clearly defined. This is done by the features described in the characterizing part of claim 1. It is thereby achieved in particular that a resonance label with such a target penetration point is immanent in a geometry that is easy to control, which enables defined production within small tolerances, which is also inexpensive.
  • the target breakdown point is preferably covered by a dielectric or an insulator, which on the one hand protects against flashovers from the surrounding air and on the other hand permanently deactivates, be it in the form of a permanent short-circuit path or also in the form of a self-generated by breakdown of a dielectric, permanent low resistance.
  • the conductor areas adjacent to each other at the target breakdown point should be in one distance as close as possible from each other. This distance can now, for example, be cut precisely from a continuous conductor connection with the aid of lasers, or, if this process step, which requires a very high degree of precision, is not desired, can be achieved in that the conductors, for example, applied in the usual manner by means of photoetching technology, arrive in the same process step a point determining the target penetration point are executed spaced apart.
  • a layer of conductive material can be provided between the conductive regions, which is delimited against at least one of the conductor regions and preferably also against the insulating carrier layer by a thin layer of insulating material.
  • the electrical conductivity of this conductive material can be lower than the conductivity of the conductive areas.
  • a relatively low-resistance layer with a resistance of, for example, a maximum of 100 ohms can also be provided. Reliable deactivation is also possible with resistors up to a maximum of 1000 ohms.
  • a wide variety of materials and types of application are possible, depending on the electrical properties of the resonant circuit and the dimensioning of the target breakdown point. For example, an epoxy resin mixed with aluminum particles can be spotted on thin - in the order of a few » an aluminum or other suitable metal layer can be evaporated on, or a resistance paste based on noble metal can be printed on, in accordance with the thick-film technique. The thickness of the insulating layer to be applied can be seen depending on its material properties.
  • this conductive or low-resistance material covering the desired breakdown point against the adjacent conductor regions and preferably also against the insulating carrier layer is preferably done by a thin layer of insulating material.
  • This can be a dripped on, for example or printed or also by means of hot-stamping technology used lacquer or ink layer, or it can be formed by the oxidized edge zones of the conductor itself;
  • This conductive color layer is in conductive contact with one of the two conductive areas, whereas it is spaced from the other conductive area by the insulating color layer. Since different color layers of 2 »each can also be applied in one operation on a multicolour printing machine, the manufacturing process is considerably simplified. With two prints each, layer thicknesses of 4 »are achieved.
  • a cover of the resonance label on the side having the target penetration point by a film which can be made of paper, for example, and thus at the same time can be used to record product labeling, price or the like, protects the label and the short-circuiting bridge from mechanical stress and possibly - subsequent break. As a result, the short-circuit bridge remains permanent and safe.
  • the resonance label 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 1 has on its two sides 2 and 3 conductive areas separated by an insulating carrier layer 4, which form an induction coil 5 and a capacitor 6 in a manner known per se.
  • the two capacitor plates 6a and 6b are separated by the carrier layer 4, which consists for example of polyethylene.
  • Two contact lugs 7a and 7b on the top 2 and bottom 3 of the resonance tag 1 are connected to one another, for example by crimping, through the carrier layer 4 (connection point 11a).
  • One contact lug 7a is connected to a capacitor plate 6a, the other contact lug 7b to the turns of the induction coil 5.
  • Two further contact lugs 7c and 7d are formed on the two capacitor plates 6b and 6a.
  • One of the two contact lugs 7c is in direct electrical connection with one capacitor plate 6b, while a distance a is provided between the other contact lug 7d and the adjacent capacitor plate 6a. This distance a should be fractions of a » and should preferably be in the range of 0.1 - 1».
  • the two contact lugs 7c and 7d are electrically connected to one another in the same way as the two other contact lugs 7a and 7b through the carrier layer 4 (conductive connection points 11b and 11a, respectively).
  • This dielectric 9, which covers the target breakdown point 8 can be one that differs from that of the carrier layer 4 Have dielectric constant; on the other hand, in order to minimize possible contact surface problems, it could be advantageous to provide carrier layer 4 and dielectric 9 made of the same material, that is to say with the same dielectric constant.
  • To set up a particularly permanent short-circuit bridge local coverage of the target breakdown point 8 alone is sufficient; In terms of manufacturing technology, a complete covering or covering of the entire top side 4 of the resonance tag 1 with a dielectric or insulator layer may be advantageous.
  • Another possibility of deactivating the resonance tag 1 is to provide a material for the dielectric 9, which covers the desired breakdown point 8, which breaks through at a correspondingly high, induced breakdown voltage and changes into a permanently low-resistance.
  • the target breakdown point 8 is cut from a short conductor piece 10, preferably by means of a laser.
  • the dielectric 9 completely covers the target breakdown point 8, the adjacent conductive areas on the capacitor plate 6a, conductor piece 10, contact lug 7d and also the corresponding areas of the carrier layer 4 within a certain radius.
  • the conductive connection points 11a 'and 11b' each connect the contact lug pairs 7a and 7b or 7d and 7c on the top 2 and bottom 3 of the resonance tag 1.
  • FIG 3 shows the corresponding arrangement of an induction coil 5 and a second capacitor plate 6b with the associated contact tabs 7b between 7c and their conductive connection points 11a ⁇ or 11b ⁇ on the underside 3 of the resonance tag 1.
  • FIG. 4 Another variant of a deactivatable resonance tag is shown in FIG. 4, which is distinguished by a precisely defined target penetration point 8 '.
  • the distance a ⁇ between contact lug 7d ⁇ and capacitor plate 6a ⁇ is between a few tenths of a millimeter to approximately one millimeter.
  • An insulating layer 14 is arranged between the two conductor regions 6aender and 7d ⁇ , and partly also on them, which is preferably a UV-curable, twice-printed color layer of approximately 4 »thick.
  • an electrically conductive layer 15 which is in electrically conductive contact with one of the two conductive regions, here 7d,, whereas it is insulated from the other conductor region, here the capacitor plate 6a ⁇ , by the insulating layer 14 located therebetween.
  • the deactivation of this resonance label happens as shown above; the breakdown takes place between the conductive layer 15 and the capacitor plate 6a ⁇ .
  • the conductive layer 15 is preferably a likewise W-curable, in particular twice printed color layer.
  • the application of two layers of ink, an insulating 14 and a conductive 15, can be done in a single operation on a printing press.
  • the thickness of the color layer is, for example, approx.
  • the electrically conductive layer 15 can consist of an electrically conductive material, the electrical conductivity of which is lower than that of the adjacent conductor regions 6a ⁇ and 7d ⁇ , but high relative to an insulator or dielectric.
  • an electrically conductive material for example, epoxy resin mixed with aluminum particles, or also resistance pastes known from thick-film technology, which are based on a noble metal, as well as vapor-deposited aluminum or other metal layers are conceivable as such conductive materials for layer 15.
  • the delimiting insulating layer 14 can be an insulating lacquer or ink layer or can also be formed simply by oxidation of the free sides of the conductor regions 6a 6 and 7d ⁇ .
  • the capacitor 6 is arranged outside the induction coil 5.
  • the capacitor could also be positioned within the induction coil in a known manner.
  • more than one induction coil more than one capacitor can be formed on the top and / or bottom of the resonance tag.
  • the arrangement of the target breakdown point 8 on the upper capacitor plate 6a in accordance with FIG. 2 is only one exemplary possibility of the resonance tag according to the invention.
  • the invention also encompasses any other possibility of providing the target penetration point, provided that it lies between two conductive areas on one of the two sides of the resonance tag.
  • more than one target breakdown point can be formed, be it on one of the two sides or also on both sides.
  • the durability of the deactivation is essential.
  • the target puncture point in particular should be protected by an additional film that covers the entire resonance label.
  • This film (not shown), which can also be made of paper, for example, then prevents the resonance tag from being subsequently broken and destroyed in the event of mechanical stress.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Etiquette à résonance (1) avec une couche porteuse isolante (4), munie sur l'une des deux faces (3) d'au moins une bobine d'induction (5) et d'au moins une plaque de condensateur (6b) et, sur l'autre face (2), d'un conducteur formant la deuxième plaque de condensateur (6a), définissant de cette façon un circuit oscillant caractérisé par le fait que, sur au moins l'une des deux faces (2;3) de la couche porteuse (4), deux zones du conducteur (5;6) formé sur cette face (2;3) sont sensiblement à un écartement moindre l'une de l'autre que l'écartement séparant les enroulements individuels de la bobine d'induction, cet écartement définissant ainsi un emplacement de claquage de consigne (8) sur l'une de ces faces (2;3) de la couche porteuse.
  2. Etiquette à résonance selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'il est prévu au maximum un emplacement de claquage de consigne (8) - de préférence dans la zone d'une plaque de condensateur (6a;6b).
  3. Etiquette à résonance selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait que l'emplacement de claquage de consigne (8) est recouvert d'une matière électriquement conductrice, qui est délimitée au maximum du côté de l'une des zones conductrices par une mince couche isolante.
  4. Etiquette à résonance selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins l'emplacement de claquage de consigne (8) - et de préférence aussi les zones conductrices limitrophes - sont masquées par un diélectrique (9).
  5. Etiquette à résonance selon la revendication 4, caractérisée par le fait que le diélectrique (9) est en une matière qui, pour la tension de claquage déterminée par le dimensionnement de l'étiquette à résonance (1), est elle-même traversée et se transforme en une résistance permanente à faible impédance.
  6. Etiquette à résonance selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait qu'à l'emplacement de claquage de consigne (8), les zones conductrices voisines l'une de l'autre sont écartées l'une de l'autre d'un écartement (a) de 5 microns au maximum, de préférence de 0,1 - 0,5 micron.
  7. Etiquette à résonance selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que l'(les)emplacement(s) de claquage de consigne (8) est(sont) recouvert(s) d'une couche (15) de matière électriquement conductrice, qui présente une valeur de résistance maximale de 1000 ohm, en particulier 100 ohm environ maximum, et qui est délimitée du côté des zones conductrices par une mince couche isolante (14) de préférence d'une épaisseur de 0,5 - 5 micron.
  8. Etiquette à résonance selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que la couche électriquement conductrice (15) est en une résine époxy mélangée avec des particules d'aluminium ou d'autre métal ou une pâte de résistance.
  9. Etiquette à résonance selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisée par le fait que la couche isolante (14) est en une laque isolante ou une encre isolante.
  10. Etiquette à résonance selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisée par le fait que la couche isolante (14) est formée par les faces libres oxydées du conducteur (5;6) délimitant l'emplacement de claquage de consigne (8).
  11. Etiquette à résonance selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisée par le fait qu'à l'emplacement de claquage de consigne (8˝), les zones conductrices voisines l'une de l'autre sont écartées l'une de l'autre d'un écartement (a˝) de 3mm au maximum, de préférence de 0,1 - 0,5 mm.
  12. Etiquette à résonance selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que l'étiquette à résonance, sur la face (2;3) présentant l'emplacement de claquage de consigne (8), est recouverte d'une feuille, de préférence en papier.
EP91900151A 1989-12-20 1990-12-19 Etiquette a resonance desactivable Expired - Lifetime EP0458923B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4565/89 1989-12-20
CH456589 1989-12-20
PCT/CH1990/000287 WO1991009387A1 (fr) 1989-12-20 1990-12-19 Etiquette a resonance desactivable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0458923A1 EP0458923A1 (fr) 1991-12-04
EP0458923B1 true EP0458923B1 (fr) 1995-01-25

Family

ID=4278456

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91900151A Expired - Lifetime EP0458923B1 (fr) 1989-12-20 1990-12-19 Etiquette a resonance desactivable

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5367290A (fr)
EP (1) EP0458923B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04505820A (fr)
AT (1) ATE117820T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59008370D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0458923T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2028758T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991009387A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK166176C (da) * 1990-11-23 1993-08-09 Poul Richter Joergensen Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af maerkesedler med svingningskredse, som kan aktiveres og deaktiveres
NL9202067A (nl) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-16 Dutch A & A Trading Bv Detectielabel.
US5510770A (en) * 1994-03-30 1996-04-23 Checkpoint Systems, Inc. Surface deactivateable tag
EP0755036A1 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 Esselte Meto International GmbH Etiquette à résonance déactivable et procédé de sa fabrication
DE19705723A1 (de) * 1996-08-06 1998-02-12 Esselte Meto Int Gmbh Sicherungselement für die elektronische Artikelsicherung
ES2147456T3 (es) 1996-08-06 2000-09-01 Meto International Gmbh Elemento de seguridad para la proteccion electronica de articulos.
US6362737B1 (en) 1998-06-02 2002-03-26 Rf Code, Inc. Object Identification system with adaptive transceivers and methods of operation
US6104311A (en) * 1996-08-26 2000-08-15 Addison Technologies Information storage and identification tag
US6400271B1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2002-06-04 Checkpoint Systems, Inc. Activate/deactiveable security tag with enhanced electronic protection for use with an electronic security system
GB2380638B (en) 2000-05-22 2004-05-12 Avery Dennison Corp Trackable files and systems for using the same
WO2001099074A2 (fr) * 2000-06-19 2001-12-27 Impac Group, Inc. Etiquette de systeme de surveillance electronique d'articles et son procede de fabrication
US6946963B2 (en) * 2001-10-16 2005-09-20 Spectra Research, Inc. Secure storage disc and disc surveillance system
FI113570B (fi) * 2002-04-25 2004-05-14 Rafsec Oy Menetelmä tuoteanturin valmistamiseksi sekä tuoteanturi
WO2006048663A1 (fr) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-11 Qinetiq Limited Étiquettes rf désaccordables
CN104303217A (zh) * 2012-02-01 2015-01-21 关卡***股份有限公司 可永久失效的安全标签

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0034670A1 (fr) * 1980-02-12 1981-09-02 The Post Office Fibre optique en verre et procédé d'application d'une couche de métal sur une fibre de verre revêtue de matière plastique

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US3624631A (en) * 1970-04-27 1971-11-30 Sanders Associates Inc Pilferage control system
US3810147A (en) * 1971-12-30 1974-05-07 G Lichtblau Electronic security system
US4498076A (en) * 1982-05-10 1985-02-05 Lichtblau G J Resonant tag and deactivator for use in an electronic security system
US4728938A (en) * 1986-01-10 1988-03-01 Checkpoint Systems, Inc. Security tag deactivation system
CA1294117C (fr) * 1986-09-29 1992-01-14 S. Eugene Benge Methode de fabrication d'etiquettes desactivables
US4876555B1 (en) * 1987-03-17 1995-07-25 Actron Entwicklungs Ag Resonance label and method for its fabrication
DE3878717D1 (de) * 1987-04-23 1993-04-08 Actron Entwicklungs Ag Verfahren zum deaktivieren einer resonanzetikette und schaltungsanordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
JPH01129396A (ja) * 1987-11-14 1989-05-22 Tokai Kinzoku Kk 共振タグおよびその製造法
US4835524A (en) * 1987-12-17 1989-05-30 Checkpoint System, Inc. Deactivatable security tag
DD268422B3 (de) * 1988-01-19 1991-10-02 ��������@���������������@����������������������@���k�� Verfahren zur herstellung von stahlfasern fuer hochgradient-magnetfelder
US4985288A (en) * 1988-04-30 1991-01-15 Tokai Metals Co., Ltd. Resonant frequency characteristic tag and method of manufacturing the same

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0034670A1 (fr) * 1980-02-12 1981-09-02 The Post Office Fibre optique en verre et procédé d'application d'une couche de métal sur une fibre de verre revêtue de matière plastique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991009387A1 (fr) 1991-06-27
EP0458923A1 (fr) 1991-12-04
DE59008370D1 (de) 1995-03-09
JPH04505820A (ja) 1992-10-08
ATE117820T1 (de) 1995-02-15
ES2028758T3 (es) 1995-03-16
ES2028758T1 (es) 1992-07-16
DK0458923T3 (da) 1995-05-08
US5367290A (en) 1994-11-22

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