EP0453739A1 - Device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace - Google Patents
Device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0453739A1 EP0453739A1 EP91103451A EP91103451A EP0453739A1 EP 0453739 A1 EP0453739 A1 EP 0453739A1 EP 91103451 A EP91103451 A EP 91103451A EP 91103451 A EP91103451 A EP 91103451A EP 0453739 A1 EP0453739 A1 EP 0453739A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- nozzle
- frustoconical
- furnace
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L59/16—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like
- F16L59/18—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints
- F16L59/185—Adjustable joints, joints allowing movement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
- C21B7/163—Blowpipe assembly
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace, consisting of several separate elements each consisting of an outer shield and an inner refractory lining and comprising an oblique section connected by an elbow, a nozzle, a nozzle and a joint with a spherical joint to the wall of the furnace, in which the oblique section comprises a frustoconical tube flanged by its upper part on an upper tube forming part of a circular pipe and whose lower part plunges axially in a lower tube integral with the elbow, a bellows compensator ensuring the seal between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube, as well as tie rods ensuring the mechanical connection between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube.
- wind carrier are exposed to mobility and leakage problems.
- the wall of the latter, as well as the pipe circular and the blower are exposed to thermal expansion and deformation causing significant relative displacements between the circular pipe and the wall of the oven.
- the wind carrier must therefore be able to compensate these relative displacements or to adapt to them, while avoiding leaks of gas or preheated air to the outside.
- the preheated air which is injected through the blower into the oven is, in particular in modern ovens, at a high pressure which, taking into account the sections present, subjects the blower to forces of l 'order of several tonnes, both from the circular pipe and from inside the oven.
- Known fan carriers designed to meet these requirements have either two articulation points or three articulation points with, in each case, a spherical articulation generally between the nozzle and the nozzle, the other articulation or the other two , depending on the type, located in the oblique section connecting the circular pipe to the elbow of the blower.
- the joints in the oblique section are generally provided with a flexible sealing cushion and a bellows compensator making the junction between the mobile sections.
- the fan carriers with three articulation points known for example from US Pat. No. 3,766,868 generally have the advantage compared to those with two articulation points of more possibilities of adaptation or compensation for deformations and stresses, both radial and axial components.
- the two joints located in the oblique section of these holders generally have means, such as universal joints, which have the advantage of absorbing the force components generated by the pressure of the hot air so that these forces do not are not transmitted on the joint between the nozzle and the nozzle.
- these wind carriers with three points of articulation have the disadvantage of a relatively high cost, which is not negligible given the large number of wind carriers equipping a blast furnace.
- Wind carriers with two articulations have the advantage of greater simplicity and lower cost.
- these wind carriers are much more sensitive to stresses and deformations, in particular to the radial components which cause crushing of the seal cushion of the joint in the oblique section and faster wear.
- the wind carrier proposed in the aforementioned document is also subjected to the forces caused by the pressure of the hot air.
- the oblique section of this vent holder must be attached to the wall of the oven.
- the location of this fastener is not ideal because of the excessive movement of the wind carrier and because of its difficulty of access.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace which is relatively simple and inexpensive and which adapts satisfactorily to deformations and stresses.
- the device proposed by the present invention is essentially characterized in that the lower tube and the frustoconical tube are mutually movable in the axial direction and include means for limiting their radial mobility.
- these means consist of two flanks integral with a flange of the upper tube extending laterally, seen in the direction of the furnace, on either side of the compensator and guided in corresponding notches of a flange of the lower tube.
- these means consist of an inner guide ring secured to an upper flange of the lower tube and surrounding the lower cylindrical part of the frustoconical tube.
- the tightness at the level of the spherical joint between the nozzle and the nozzle can be maintained by a pair of tie rods with adjustable springs stretched between the wall of the furnace and the nozzle or the elbow.
- tie rods are preferably arranged so that their axis makes an acute angle, downward, relative to the axis of the nozzle.
- FIGS 1 and 2 schematically show a blower which connects a main circular pipe 20 arranged around a blast furnace not shown in the wall thereof for the injection of preheated air in this oven.
- This blower has a downward oblique section 22 connected via an elbow 24 and a nozzle 26 to a nozzle 28 which is wedged in the tympe 30 arranged in the wall of the furnace.
- the nozzle 26 is connected to the nozzle 28 by a spherical articulation whose center of curvature is represented by O.
- the oblique section 22 consists of an upper tube 32 which is part of the circular pipe 20 and a lower tube 34 which is fixed by a flange 38 on the elbow 24.
- connection between the upper and lower tubes 32 and 34 is ensured by a frustoconical tube 36 with a lower cylindrical part which is fixed by a flange 40 on the tube upper 32 and the lower part of which coaxially penetrates into the upper part of the lower tube 34.
- all of the elements of the blower have an external metal shield 42 and an internal refractory lining 44.
- the section 22 includes a certain degree of telescopic freedom insofar as the frustoconical tube 36 is in its cylindrical region axially movable relative to the lower tube 34 and vice versa. Sealing between these two elements is ensured by an annular sealing cushion 46 surrounding the cylindrical part of the frustoconical tube 36 and a bellows compensator 48 extending from the upper flange 40 to a flange 50 of the lower tubing 34.
- Three external tie rods 52 ensure the mechanical stability of the wind carrier and relieve the compensator 48 in the event of disassembly of the wind carrier.
- the tie rods 52 are fixed by means of a nut and a lock nut on a plate 54 integral with the upper flange 40 and extend through the flange 50 of the lower tube while allowing relative axial sliding between the tie rods 52 and the flange 50 within the limits fixed by adjustment nuts 56.
- tie rods are stretched between the elbow 24 and the wall of the oven.
- These tie rods 58 comprise a spring, not shown, the tensile force of which is adjustable by means of a nut 60.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the forces and their components present in a wind carrier according to Figures 1 and 2.
- the interior of the wind carrier is first subjected to a force caused by the pressure in the circular pipe 20
- This force, represented by S is exerted in the axial direction and is proportional to the pressure and to the average section of the compensator 48.
- S is exerted in the axial direction and is proportional to the pressure and to the average section of the compensator 48.
- the compensator 48 has an average diameter s of 580 mm and the pressure in the circular pipe is 4 ⁇ 105Pa the force S is 10560 daN. Since the wind carrier has no support in the direction of the force S, it must be decomposed so that it finds support, that is to say in the direction of the center O of the joint between the nozzle 26 and the nozzle 28.
- This component is represented by S1 in FIG. 3.
- the component S1 is of the order of 13000 daN and the component S2 is of the order of 7000 daN.
- One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide means, described in more detail below with reference to Figures 4 to 5 intended to contain the component S2, since the absence of such means would expose the junction between the frusto-conical tube 36 and the tubing 34 to radial bending stresses liable to damage the cushion 46 and the compensator 48.
- the S1 component has been transferred in Figure 3 to point O since this is where it exerts its effects.
- the direction of the component S1 as shown is not optimal since it directly stresses the lower part of the joint of the ball joint and risks releasing the upper part of the joint and causing leaks there.
- the orientation of the component S1 is modified under the effect of the action of the tie rods 58 and the pressure inside the furnace on the nozzle, the direction and the force of this pressure being represented by T on Figure 3.
- the force resulting from the action of the tie rods 58 is represented by Z.
- This component Z transferred at the start of the component S1 and after reduction of the force component due to the pressure T provides the resultant R1 which represents the quantity and the direction of the force exerted on the articulation between the nozzle 26 and the nozzle 28.
- This resultant R1 has a better orientation than the component S1 insofar as its angle of inclination relative to the axis of the nozzle is weaker. It should also be noted that the orientation of the resultant R1 is all the more better than the angle ⁇ of inclination of the tie rods 58 relative to the axis of the nozzle 26 is greater.
- the strength of the tie rods 58 is adjusted approximately so as to contain the effect of the pressure on the nozzle 28 from the interior of the oven.
- the force resulting from this pressure is represented by the vector U.
- the force U is 6.360 daN for a pressure inside the oven of 4 ⁇ 105 Pa. Consequently, each of the two tie rods 58 will be adjusted so as to exert a force of the order of 3000 daN.
- FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the means provided by the present invention for containing the radial component S2 of the force S explained with reference to FIG. 3.
- the upper flange 40 has two sides 62, 64 which extend laterally, seen in the direction of the furnace, on either side of the compensator 48 and which are guided by their lower part narrowed in two corresponding notches 66, 68 of the lower flange 50.
- the guidance of these sides 62 , 64 in the notches 66, 68 therefore prevents any significant radial movement of the flange 50 relative to the flange 40 while allowing a mutual axial movement between these two flanges, that is to say a certain telescoping between the frusto-conical tube 36 and the tubing 34.
- the radial components of the forces corresponding to the force S2 are transmitted by the sides 62, 64 on the circular pipe.
- both the flanks 62, 64 are guided in the corresponding notches 66 and 68, as well as the passage of the tie rods 52 in the flange 50 and the penetration of the frustoconical tube 36 into the tubing 34 is carried out with a certain clearance so as to allow an axial misalignment of the order of 2 ° between the frustoconical tube 36 and the tubing 34, which as will be explained in more detail with reference to Figure 6 allows reasonable degrees of freedom to allow the door -will perform the movements necessary to compensate for differential movements.
- the outer guide of Figure 4 is replaced by an inner guide of the frustoconical tube 36.
- This guidance is achieved by a ring 70, for example of silicon carbide which surrounds the cylindrical part bottom of the tube 36.
- this ring 70 is disposed with a certain clearance around the tube 36 so as to compensate for the radial forces, but to tolerate an axial misalignment of the order of 2 ° between the tube 36 and tubing 34.
- Figure 6 schematically illustrates the mobility of the wind carrier according to the present invention in the hot state for a tolerance of an axial misalignment of 2 ° between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube.
- the Figure shows more particularly the movements of the center O of the joint between the nozzle and the nozzle as a result of the movements of the wall of the furnace and that of the center Y of the flange 50 relative to an imaginary fixed point X assuming that the pipe circular and the tube 36 remain stationary.
- the maximum deviation from the center O, in a vertical plane is represented by the quadrilateral 72.
- this quadrilateral 72 becomes a parallelepiped 74 as illustrated in FIG. 6A.
- this parallelepiped is a cube with an edge length of the order of 80 mm, which corresponds to a mobility of the point Y of the order of 85 mm.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
- Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
- Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'injection d'air préchauffé dans un four à cuve, constitué de plusieurs éléments distincts consistant chacun en un blindage extérieur et un revêtement réfractaire intérieur et comprenant une section oblique reliée par un coude, un busillon, une tuyère et une articulation à joint sphérique à la paroi du four, dans lequel la section oblique comporte un tube tronconique bridé par sa partie supérieure sur une tubulure supérieure faisant partie d'une conduite circulaire et dont la partie inférieure plonge axialement dans une tubulure inférieure solidaire du coude, un compensateur à soufflets assurant l'étanchéité entre le tube tronconique et la tubulure inférieure, ainsi que des tirants assurant la liaison mécanique entre le tube tronconique et la tubulure inférieure.The present invention relates to a device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace, consisting of several separate elements each consisting of an outer shield and an inner refractory lining and comprising an oblique section connected by an elbow, a nozzle, a nozzle and a joint with a spherical joint to the wall of the furnace, in which the oblique section comprises a frustoconical tube flanged by its upper part on an upper tube forming part of a circular pipe and whose lower part plunges axially in a lower tube integral with the elbow, a bellows compensator ensuring the seal between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube, as well as tie rods ensuring the mechanical connection between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube.
Ces dispositifs, plus généralement connus sous le nom de "porte-vent" sont exposés à des problèmes de mobilité et d'étanchéité. En effet, par suite de la température élevée de l'air préchauffé (température de l'ordre de 1200°C ou plus) et de la température élevée régnant à l'intérieur du four, la paroi de ce dernier, ainsi que la conduite circulaire et le porte-vent sont exposés à des dilatations et déformations thermiques causant des déplacements relatifs non négligeables entre la conduite circulaire et la paroi du four . Il faut donc que le porte-vent soit en mesure de compenser ces déplacements relatifs ou de s'y adapter, tout en évitant des fuites de gaz ou d'air préchauffé vers l'extérieur.These devices, more generally known under the name of "wind carrier" are exposed to mobility and leakage problems. In fact, as a result of the high temperature of the preheated air (temperature of the order of 1200 ° C. or more) and the high temperature prevailing inside the oven, the wall of the latter, as well as the pipe circular and the blower are exposed to thermal expansion and deformation causing significant relative displacements between the circular pipe and the wall of the oven. The wind carrier must therefore be able to compensate these relative displacements or to adapt to them, while avoiding leaks of gas or preheated air to the outside.
A ces sollicitations d'origine thermique s'ajoutent les sollicitations occasionnées par les pressions intérieures. En effet, l'air préchauffé qui est injecté à travers le porte-vent dans le four est, notamment dans les fours modernes, à une pression élevée qui, compte tenu des sections en présence, soumet le porte-vent à des forces de l'ordre de plusieurs tonnes, aussi bien en provenance de la conduite circulaire que de l'intérieur du four.To these thermal stresses are added the stresses caused by internal pressures. Indeed, the preheated air which is injected through the blower into the oven is, in particular in modern ovens, at a high pressure which, taking into account the sections present, subjects the blower to forces of l 'order of several tonnes, both from the circular pipe and from inside the oven.
Les porte -vents connus conçus pour répondre à ces exigences comportent soit deux points d'articulation, soit trois points d'articulation avec, dans chaque cas, une articulation sphérique généralement entre la tuyère et le busillon, l'autre articulation ou les deux autres, suivant le type, se trouvant dans la section oblique reliant la conduite circulaire au coude du porte-vent.Known fan carriers designed to meet these requirements have either two articulation points or three articulation points with, in each case, a spherical articulation generally between the nozzle and the nozzle, the other articulation or the other two , depending on the type, located in the oblique section connecting the circular pipe to the elbow of the blower.
Les articulations dans la section oblique sont généralement munies d un coussin d'étanchéité souple et d'un compensateur à soufflets faisant la jonction entre les sections mobiles.The joints in the oblique section are generally provided with a flexible sealing cushion and a bellows compensator making the junction between the mobile sections.
Les porte -vents à trois points d'articulation, connus par exemple par le brevet U.S. 3,766,868 ont généralement l'avantage par rapport à ceux à deux points d'articulation de plus de possibilités d'adaptation ou de compensation des déformations et sollicitations, aussi bien des composantes radiales que des composantes axiales. Les deux articulations se trouvant dans la section oblique de ces porte -vents comportent généralement des moyens, tel que des cardans qui ont l'avantage d'absorber les composantes de force engendrées par la pression de l'air chaud de sorte que ces forces ne sont pas transmises sur l'articulation entre le busillon et la tuyère. Par contre, ces porte - vents à trois points d'articulation ont l'inconvénient d'un coût relativement élevé, ce qui n'est pas négligeable vu le grand nombre de porte-vents équipant un haut-fourneau.The fan carriers with three articulation points, known for example from US Pat. No. 3,766,868 generally have the advantage compared to those with two articulation points of more possibilities of adaptation or compensation for deformations and stresses, both radial and axial components. The two joints located in the oblique section of these holders generally have means, such as universal joints, which have the advantage of absorbing the force components generated by the pressure of the hot air so that these forces do not are not transmitted on the joint between the nozzle and the nozzle. On the other hand, these wind carriers with three points of articulation have the disadvantage of a relatively high cost, which is not negligible given the large number of wind carriers equipping a blast furnace.
Les porte-vents à deux articulations, connus par exemple du document DE-GBM 7325087 ont, quant à eux, l'avantage d'une plus grande simplicité et d'un coût plus modeste. Par contre, ces porte-vents sont beaucoup plus sensibles aux sollicitations et déformations, notamment aux composantes radiales qui occasionnent des écrasements du coussin d'étanchéité de l'articulation dans la section oblique et une usure plus rapide. Le porte-vent proposé dans le document précité est, en outre, soumis aux forces occasionnées par la pression de l'air chaud. Pour éviter que ces forces ne causent un déboîtement de l'articulation entre le busillon et la tuyère avec des fuites, la section oblique de ce porte-vent doit être attachée à la paroi du four. L'emplacement de cette attache n'est toutefois pas idéal à cause des trop grands déplacements du porte-vent et à cause de ses difficultés d'accès.Wind carriers with two articulations, known for example from document DE-GBM 7325087, have the advantage of greater simplicity and lower cost. On the other hand, these wind carriers are much more sensitive to stresses and deformations, in particular to the radial components which cause crushing of the seal cushion of the joint in the oblique section and faster wear. The wind carrier proposed in the aforementioned document is also subjected to the forces caused by the pressure of the hot air. To prevent these forces from causing dislocation of the joint between the nozzle and the nozzle with leaks, the oblique section of this vent holder must be attached to the wall of the oven. However, the location of this fastener is not ideal because of the excessive movement of the wind carrier and because of its difficulty of access.
Le but de la présente invention est de prévoir un nouveau dispositif d'injection d'air préchauffé dans un four à cuve qui est relativement simple et peu coûteux et qui s'adapte de manière satisfaisante aux déformations et sollicitations.The object of the present invention is to provide a new device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace which is relatively simple and inexpensive and which adapts satisfactorily to deformations and stresses.
Pour atteindre cet objectif, le dispositif proposé par la présente invention est essentiellement caractérisé en ce que la tubulure inférieure et le tube tronconique sont mutuellement mobiles dans le sens axial et comportent des moyens de limitation de leur mobilité radiale.To achieve this objective, the device proposed by the present invention is essentially characterized in that the lower tube and the frustoconical tube are mutually movable in the axial direction and include means for limiting their radial mobility.
Autrement dit, les problèmes de domination des composantes radiales des forces et déplacements qui occasionnaient un écrasement du coussin d'étanchéité au niveau de l'articulation de certains porte -vents selon l'état de la technique sont supprimés par des moyens de limitation de la mobilité radiale ou angulaire du tube tronconique et de la tubulure inférieure et compensés par une mobilité axiale relative ou téléscopage de ces deux éléments.In other words, the problems of domination of the radial components of the forces and displacements which caused a crushing of the sealing cushion at the level of the articulation of certain wind-carriers according to the state of the art are eliminated by means of limitation of the radial or angular mobility of the frusto-conical tube and of the lower tubing and compensated by a relative axial mobility or telescoping of these two elements.
Il a été établi que si ces moyens sont conçus pour empêcher un désalignement axial de plus de 2° entre le tube tronconique et la tubulure inférieure des résultats satisfaisants sont envisageables.It has been established that if these means are designed to prevent an axial misalignment of more than 2 ° between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube, satisfactory results can be envisaged.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation ces moyens sont constitués par deux flancs solidaires d'une bride de la tubulure supérieure s'étendant latéralement, vu en direction du four, de part et d'autre du compensateur et guidés dans des encoches correspondantes d'une bride de la tubulure inférieure.According to a first embodiment, these means consist of two flanks integral with a flange of the upper tube extending laterally, seen in the direction of the furnace, on either side of the compensator and guided in corresponding notches of a flange of the lower tube.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, ces moyens sont constitués par un anneau de guidage intérieur solidaire d'une bride supérieure de la tubulure inférieure et entourant la partie cylindrique inférieure du tube tronconique.According to a second embodiment, these means consist of an inner guide ring secured to an upper flange of the lower tube and surrounding the lower cylindrical part of the frustoconical tube.
L'étanchéité au niveau du joint sphérique entre le busillon et la tuyère peut être maintenue par une paire de tirants à ressorts réglables tendus entre la paroi du four et le busillon ou le coude.The tightness at the level of the spherical joint between the nozzle and the nozzle can be maintained by a pair of tie rods with adjustable springs stretched between the wall of the furnace and the nozzle or the elbow.
Ces tirants sont, de préférence, disposés de manière à ce que leur axe fasse un angle aïgu, vers le bas, par rapport à l'axe du busillon.These tie rods are preferably arranged so that their axis makes an acute angle, downward, relative to the axis of the nozzle.
D'autres particularités et caractéristiques ressortiront de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation avantageux, présenté ci-dessous, à titre d'illustration, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:
- la Figure 1 montre une vue latérale d'un porte-vent selon la présente invention;
- la Figure 2 montre une coupe verticale axiale à travers le porte-vent de la Figure 1;
- la Figure 3 montre schématiquement les composantes de force en présence;
- la Figure 4 montre schématiquement et partiellement en coupe une vue latérale des moyens de limitation de la mobilité radiale du tube tronconique par rapport à la tubulure inférieure;
- la Figure 4A montre une section horizontale suivant le plan de coupe A-A sur la Figure 4;
- la Figure 4B montre une section suivant le plan de coupe B-B sur la Figure 4;
- la Figure 5 montre schématiquement, en coupe axiale, un deuxième mode de réalisation des moyens de limitation de la mobilité radiale et
- les Figures 6 et 6A illustrent schématiquement les possibilités de mouvement dans le cas d'une liberté d'un désalignement axial de 2° entre le tube tronconique et la tubulure inférieure.
- Figure 1 shows a side view of a wind carrier according to the present invention;
- Figure 2 shows an axial vertical section through the blower of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 schematically shows the force components present;
- Figure 4 shows schematically and partially in section a side view of the means for limiting the radial mobility of the frustoconical tube relative to the lower tube;
- Figure 4A shows a horizontal section along the section plane AA in Figure 4;
- Figure 4B shows a section along the section plane BB in Figure 4;
- FIG. 5 schematically shows, in axial section, a second embodiment of the means for limiting the radial mobility and
- Figures 6 and 6A schematically illustrate the possibilities of movement in the case of freedom of an axial misalignment of 2 ° between the frustoconical tube and the lower manifold.
Les Figures 1 et 2 montrent schématiquement un porte-vent qui relie une conduite circulaire principale 20 aménagée autour d'un haut-fourneau non représenté à la paroi de celui-ci en vue de l'injection d'air préchauffé dans ce four. Ce porte-vent comporte une section oblique descendante 22 reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un coude 24 et d'un busillon 26 à une tuyère 28 qui est calée dans la tympe 30 aménagée dans la paroi du four. Le busillon 26 est relié à la tuyère 28 par une articulation sphérique dont le centre de courbure est représenté par O. La section oblique 22 est constituée d'une tubulure supérieure 32 qui fait partie de la conduite circulaire 20 et d'une tubulure inférieure 34 qui est fixée par une bride 38 sur le coude 24. La liaison entre les tubulures supérieure et inférieure 32 et 34 est assurée par un tube tronconique 36 avec une partie cylindrique inférieure qui est fixé par une bride 40 sur la tubulure supérieure 32 et dont la partie inférieure pénètre coaxialement dans la partie supérieure de la tubulure inférieure 34. Comme représenté sur la Figure 2, tous les éléments du porte-vent comportent un blindage métallique extérieur 42 et un revêtement réfractaire intérieur 44.Figures 1 and 2 schematically show a blower which connects a main
Selon l'une des particularités de la présente invention, la section 22 comporte un certain degré de liberté téléscopique dans la mesure où le tube tronconique 36 est dans sa région cylindrique axialement mobile par rapport à la tubulure inférieure 34 et vice versa. L'étanchéité entre ces deux éléments est assurée par un coussin d'étanchéité annulaire 46 entourant la partie cylindrique du tube tronconique 36 et un compensateur à soufflets 48 s'étendant de la bride supérieure 40 à une bride 50 de la tubulure inférieure 34. Trois tirants extérieurs 52 assurent la stabilité mécanique du porte-vent et soulagent le compensateur 48 en cas de démontage du porte-vent. A cet effet, les tirants 52 sont fixés par l'intermédiaire d'un écrou et d'un contre-écrou sur une plaque 54 solidaire de la bride supérieure 40 et s'étendent à travers la bride 50 de la tubulure inférieure tout en permettant un glissement axial relatif entre les tirants 52 et la bride 50 dans les limites fixées par des écrous de réglage 56.According to one of the features of the present invention, the
Pour éviter des fuites au niveau du joint de l'articulation sphérique entre le busillon 26 et la tuyère 28, voire un déboîtement de cette articulation, une paire de tirants dont l'un est seulement visible en 58 sont tendus entre le coude 24 et la paroi du four. Ces tirants 58 comportent un ressort non représenté dont la force de traction est réglable au moyen d'un écrou 60.To avoid leaks at the joint of the spherical joint between the
La Figure 3 représente un diagramme schématique des forces et de leurs composantes présentes dans un porte-vent selon les Figures 1 et 2. L'intérieur du porte-vent est d'abord soumis à une force occasionnée par la pression dans la conduite circulaire 20. Cette force, représentée par S s'exerce dans le sens axial et est proportionnelle à la pression et à la section moyenne du compensateur 48. A titre d'exemple, si le compensateur 48 a un diamètre moyen s de 580 mm et que la pression dans la conduite circulaire est de 4·10⁵Pa la force S est de 10560 daN. Etant donné que le porte-vent n'a pas d'appui dans la direction de la force S il faut décomposer celle-ci de manière à ce qu'elle trouve un appui, c'est-à-dire dans la direction du centre O de l'articulation entre le busillon 26 et la tuyère 28. Cette composante est représentée par S1 sur la Figure 3. Cette décomposition inévitable entraîne toutefois une composante S2 qui s'exerce dans le sens radial. Dans le cas de l'exemple précité est pour la configuration illustrée, la composante S1 est de l'ordre de 13000 daN et la composante S2 est de l'ordre de 7000 daN. L'un des objectifs de la présente invention est de prévoir des moyens, décrits plus en détails par la suite en référence aux Figures 4 à 5 destinées à contenir la composante S2, car l'absence de tels moyens exposerait la jonction entre le tube tronconique 36 et la tubulure 34 à des sollicitations radiales en flexion risquant d'abîmer le coussin 46 et le compensateur 48.Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the forces and their components present in a wind carrier according to Figures 1 and 2. The interior of the wind carrier is first subjected to a force caused by the pressure in the
La composante S1 a été transférée sur la Figure 3 vers le point O étant donné que c'est là qu'elle exerce ses effets. La direction de la composante S1 telle que représentée n'est pas optimale étant donné qu'elle sollicite directement la partie inférieure du joint de l'articulation sphérique et risque de libérer la partie supérieure du joint et de provoquer des fuites à cet endroit. Heureusement toutefois, l'orientation de la composante S1 est modifiée sous l'effet de l'action des tirants 58 et de la pression à l'intérieur du four sur le busillon, la direction et la force de cette pression étant représentées par T sur la Figure 3. La force résultant de l'action des tirants 58 est représentée par Z. Cette composante Z transférée au départ de la composante S1 et après réduction de la composante de force due à la pression T fournit la résultante R1 qui représente la grandeur et la direction de la force s exerçant sur l'articulation entre le busillon 26 et la tuyère 28. Cette résultante R1 a une meilleure orientation que la composante S1 dans la mesure où son angle d'inclinaison par rapport à l'axe du busillon est plus faible. Il est d'ailleurs à noter que l'orientation de la résultante R1 est d'autant meilleure que l'angle α d'inclinaison des tirants 58 par rapport à l'axe du busillon 26 est plus grand.The S1 component has been transferred in Figure 3 to point O since this is where it exerts its effects. The direction of the component S1 as shown is not optimal since it directly stresses the lower part of the joint of the ball joint and risks releasing the upper part of the joint and causing leaks there. Fortunately, however, the orientation of the component S1 is modified under the effect of the action of the
La force des tirants 58 est réglée approximativement de manière à contenir l'effet de la pression sur la tuyère 28 de l'intérieur du four. La force résultant de cette pression est représentée par le vecteur U. Lorsque le diamètre de la section exposée de la tuyère 28 est de 450 mm la force U vaut 6.360 daN pour une pression à l'intérieur du four de 4·10⁵ Pa. Par conséquent, chacun des deux tirants 58 sera réglé de manière à exercer une force de l'ordre de 3000 daN. En combinant l'effet de la force des tirants Z et la force U à la composante S1 on obtient la résultante R2 qui est la force de la tuyère 28 sur la tympe 30.The strength of the
La Figure 4 montre un premier mode de réalisation des moyens prévus par la présente invention pour contenir la composante radiale S2 de la force S expliquée en référence à la Figure 3. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, la bride supérieure 40 comporte deux flancs 62, 64 qui s'étendent latéralement, vu en direction du four, de part et d'autre du compensateur 48 et qui sont guidés par leur partie inférieure rétrécie dans deux encoches correspondantes 66, 68 de la bride inférieure 50. Le guidage de ces flancs 62, 64 dans les encoches 66, 68 empêche, par conséquent, tout mouvement radial important de la bride 50 par rapport à la bride 40 tout en permettant un déplacement axial mutuel entre ces deux brides, c est-à-dire un certain téléscopage entre le tube tronconique 36 et la tubulure 34. Autrement dit, les composantes radiales des efforts correspondant à la force S2 sont transmises par les flancs 62, 64 sur la conduite circulaire.FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of the means provided by the present invention for containing the radial component S2 of the force S explained with reference to FIG. 3. In this first embodiment, the
Il faut toutefois noter qu'aussi bien le guidage des flancs 62, 64 dans les encoches correspondantes 66 et 68, ainsi que le passage des tirants 52 dans la bride 50 et la pénétration du tube tronconique 36 dans la tubulure 34 est réalisé avec un certain jeu de manière à permettre un désalignement axial de l'ordre de 2° entre le tube tronconique 36 et la tubulure 34, ce qui comme il sera expliqué plus en détail en référence à la Figure 6 permet des degrés de liberté raisonnables pour permettre au porte-vent d'effectuer les mouvements nécessaires à la compensation des déplacements différentiels.It should however be noted that both the
Dans le second mode de réalisation illustré sur la Figure 5, le guidage extérieur de la Figure 4 est remplacé par un guidage intérieur du tube tronconique 36. Ce guidage est réalisé par un anneau 70, par exemple en carbure de silicium qui entoure la partie cylindrique inférieure du tube 36. Comme dans le cas précédent, cet anneau 70 est disposé avec un certain jeu autour du tube 36 de manière a compenser les efforts radiaux, mais de tolérer un désalignement axial de l'ordre de 2° entre le tube 36 et la tubulure 34.In the second embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the outer guide of Figure 4 is replaced by an inner guide of the
La Figure 6 illustre schématiquement la mobilité du porte-vent selon la présente invention à l'état chaud pour une tolérance d'un désalignement axial de 2° entre le tube tronconique et la tubulure inférieure. La Figure montre plus particulièrement les mouvements du centre O de l'articulation entre le busillon et la tuyère par suite des mouvements de la paroi du four et celui du centre Y de la bride 50 par rapport à un point imaginaire fixe X en supposant que la conduite circulaire et le tube 36 restent immobiles. Dans l'exemple illustré d'une distance de 2364 mm entre O et Y et d'une tolérance de désalignement de 2°, l'écart maximal du centre O, dans un plan vertical, est représenté par le quadrilatère 72. Tout mouvement à l'intérieur de ce quadrilatère 72 se traduit seulement par un déplacement axial du point Y. En tenant compte du fait que le point O peut également se déplacer dans le sens axial, c'est-à-dire dans le plan de la Figure 6, le quadrilatère de mobilité 72 devient un parallélépipède 74 comme illustré sur la Figure 6A. En pratique ce parallélépipède est un cube d'une longueur d'arête de l'ordre de 80 mm, ce qui correspond à une mobilité du point Y de l'ordre de 85 mm.Figure 6 schematically illustrates the mobility of the wind carrier according to the present invention in the hot state for a tolerance of an axial misalignment of 2 ° between the frustoconical tube and the lower tube. The Figure shows more particularly the movements of the center O of the joint between the nozzle and the nozzle as a result of the movements of the wall of the furnace and that of the center Y of the
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LU87730 | 1990-04-27 | ||
LU87730A LU87730A1 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | DEVICE FOR INJECTING PREHEATED AIR IN A TANK OVEN |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0453739A1 true EP0453739A1 (en) | 1991-10-30 |
EP0453739B1 EP0453739B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
Family
ID=19731231
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91103451A Expired - Lifetime EP0453739B1 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1991-03-07 | Device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5119743A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0453739B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3023209B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100191188B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1025050C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE108266T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU636205B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9101537A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2037697C (en) |
CS (1) | CS120591A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE4107726C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2055933T3 (en) |
LU (1) | LU87730A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL168207B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2039838C1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR25034A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA911687B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013068333A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-16 | Paul Wurth S.A. | System of leaktight connection between a tuyere and a hot blast inlet nozzle for a shaft furnace, and steel-making blast furnace comprising such a system |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5209657A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1993-05-11 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Device for injecting preheated air into a shaft furnace and process of manufacturing ball-and-socket joints |
US5359965A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1994-11-01 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Furnace windbox/water wall seal |
US6176526B1 (en) | 1999-01-04 | 2001-01-23 | Lever Brother Company Division Of Conopco | Expansion joint |
KR200447554Y1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-02-03 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Furnace bottom structure of direct current electric furnace |
EP2208952A1 (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2010-07-21 | Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering GmbH | Bustle pipe arrangement |
NL2003916C2 (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2011-06-09 | Heatteq Refractory Holding B V | Hot blast transportation apparatus, comprising a refractory lining contained within a steel outer shell. |
JP6515135B2 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2019-05-15 | ニチアス株式会社 | Thermal insulation device for expansion tube and construction method thereof |
JP7116616B2 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2022-08-10 | 株式会社イノアック住環境 | Resin cover for piping and outer cover |
CN109630678A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 航天神洁(北京)科技发展有限公司 | A kind of high temperature dynamic sealing device for flammable explosion hazard gases |
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GB246346A (en) * | 1925-03-30 | 1926-01-28 | Henry Crowe | Improvements in blast furnace tuyere connections |
GB1170953A (en) * | 1966-11-12 | 1969-11-19 | Howden James & Co Ltd | Pipe Joint. |
FR2284081A1 (en) * | 1974-09-06 | 1976-04-02 | Wurth Anciens Ets Paul | COMPENSATOR ASSEMBLY DEVICE INTENDED TO CONNECT TWO TUBULAR ELEMENTS PROVIDED WITH A REFRACTORY GASKET |
DE2517472A1 (en) * | 1975-04-19 | 1976-10-28 | Steinfurter Eisenwerk Gmbh | Tuyere nozzle system multiple wall compensator device - has bellows type wall with-one-fixed and one movable end |
DE2525946A1 (en) * | 1975-06-11 | 1976-12-23 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Flexible sealed connection between exhaust pipes - has inner pipe and extension sleeve sandwiching outer pipe with tension spring lock |
GB2055165A (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1981-02-25 | Campbell J K | Telescopic pipe joints |
DE3146305A1 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-05-26 | Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau Gmbh, 5060 Bergisch Gladbach | Bellows compensator with internal insulation |
DE3221070C1 (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1983-08-25 | Hawiko Kompensatoren- und Apparatebau GmbH & Co KG, 5830 Schwelm | Nozzle rack for shaft furnaces, especially blast furnaces |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US3766868A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1973-10-23 | Anciens Etablissements P Warth | Tuyere stock for furnaces |
DE7325087U (en) * | 1973-07-07 | 1973-11-08 | Steinfurter Eisenwerk Gmbh | Nozzle holder |
LU70943A1 (en) * | 1974-09-18 | 1975-03-06 | ||
FR2404674A1 (en) * | 1977-09-30 | 1979-04-27 | Usinor | HAUT-FOURNEAU WIND DOWN SUPPORT DEVICE |
LU87226A1 (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-12-11 | Wurth Paul Sa | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF MATERIALS ON A CIRCULAR SURFACE |
AU608987B2 (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1991-04-18 | Paul Wurth S.A. | Device for injecting preheated air in a shaft furnace |
-
1990
- 1990-04-27 LU LU87730A patent/LU87730A1/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-03-06 AU AU72649/91A patent/AU636205B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-03-07 ES ES91103451T patent/ES2055933T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-07 EP EP91103451A patent/EP0453739B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-07 AT AT91103451T patent/ATE108266T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-07 ZA ZA911687A patent/ZA911687B/en unknown
- 1991-03-07 CA CA002037697A patent/CA2037697C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-08 US US07/667,307 patent/US5119743A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-11 DE DE4107726A patent/DE4107726C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-30 CN CN91101976A patent/CN1025050C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-04 JP JP3156283A patent/JP3023209B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 BR BR919101537A patent/BR9101537A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-18 RU SU914895065A patent/RU2039838C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-19 PL PL91289951A patent/PL168207B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-26 CS CS911205A patent/CS120591A2/en unknown
- 1991-04-26 TR TR91/0412A patent/TR25034A/en unknown
- 1991-04-27 KR KR1019910006835A patent/KR100191188B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB246346A (en) * | 1925-03-30 | 1926-01-28 | Henry Crowe | Improvements in blast furnace tuyere connections |
GB1170953A (en) * | 1966-11-12 | 1969-11-19 | Howden James & Co Ltd | Pipe Joint. |
FR2284081A1 (en) * | 1974-09-06 | 1976-04-02 | Wurth Anciens Ets Paul | COMPENSATOR ASSEMBLY DEVICE INTENDED TO CONNECT TWO TUBULAR ELEMENTS PROVIDED WITH A REFRACTORY GASKET |
DE2517472A1 (en) * | 1975-04-19 | 1976-10-28 | Steinfurter Eisenwerk Gmbh | Tuyere nozzle system multiple wall compensator device - has bellows type wall with-one-fixed and one movable end |
DE2525946A1 (en) * | 1975-06-11 | 1976-12-23 | Volkswagenwerk Ag | Flexible sealed connection between exhaust pipes - has inner pipe and extension sleeve sandwiching outer pipe with tension spring lock |
GB2055165A (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1981-02-25 | Campbell J K | Telescopic pipe joints |
DE3146305A1 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-05-26 | Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau Gmbh, 5060 Bergisch Gladbach | Bellows compensator with internal insulation |
DE3221070C1 (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1983-08-25 | Hawiko Kompensatoren- und Apparatebau GmbH & Co KG, 5830 Schwelm | Nozzle rack for shaft furnaces, especially blast furnaces |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013068333A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-16 | Paul Wurth S.A. | System of leaktight connection between a tuyere and a hot blast inlet nozzle for a shaft furnace, and steel-making blast furnace comprising such a system |
US9169525B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-10-27 | Paul Wurth S.A. | System of leaktight connection between a tuyere and a hot blast inlet nozzle for a shaft furnace, and steel-making blast furnace comprising such a system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0453739B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
PL168207B1 (en) | 1996-01-31 |
ZA911687B (en) | 1991-12-24 |
DE4107726C2 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
KR100191188B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 |
JPH04228509A (en) | 1992-08-18 |
CA2037697C (en) | 2001-10-16 |
RU2039838C1 (en) | 1995-07-20 |
LU87730A1 (en) | 1991-11-15 |
AU636205B2 (en) | 1993-04-22 |
CS120591A2 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
JP3023209B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 |
CN1025050C (en) | 1994-06-15 |
AU7264991A (en) | 1991-11-07 |
KR910018557A (en) | 1991-11-30 |
US5119743A (en) | 1992-06-09 |
CN1056127A (en) | 1991-11-13 |
ES2055933T3 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
BR9101537A (en) | 1991-12-03 |
DE4107726A1 (en) | 1991-10-31 |
TR25034A (en) | 1992-09-01 |
CA2037697A1 (en) | 1991-10-28 |
ATE108266T1 (en) | 1994-07-15 |
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