EP0447332B1 - Movement prevention device in a mechanical transmission - Google Patents

Movement prevention device in a mechanical transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0447332B1
EP0447332B1 EP19910420080 EP91420080A EP0447332B1 EP 0447332 B1 EP0447332 B1 EP 0447332B1 EP 19910420080 EP19910420080 EP 19910420080 EP 91420080 A EP91420080 A EP 91420080A EP 0447332 B1 EP0447332 B1 EP 0447332B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
arm
abutment
cam
driving shaft
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP19910420080
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0447332A1 (en
Inventor
Georges Jeambrun
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JEAMBRUN APPAREILLAGES Sarl
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JEAMBRUN APPAREILLAGES Sarl
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G15/00—Mechanical devices for initiating a movement automatically due to a specific cause
    • G05G15/04—Mechanical devices for initiating a movement automatically due to a specific cause due to distance or angle travelled by a member
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G5/00—Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member
    • G05G5/06—Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member for holding members in one or a limited number of definite positions only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a movement blocking device in a mechanical transmission preventing any untimely movement of the final mechanical member due to parasitic forces or torques applied to the body itself and / or in the transmission, which blocking device is lifted if and only if the drive means are voluntarily engaged in a predetermined direction.
  • Such a device is of particular interest when it comes to motorizing valves, in particular fire damper butterfly valves.
  • a genetic device is known from document DE-B-1147814.
  • movement blocking devices are known in numerous mechanical structures, and the devices described in the presentations FR 2 349 173, US 4 046 236, SU 1 046 556, FR 2 525 784 will be cited by way of example. and DD 484 90.
  • all of these devices are relatively complicated or use geometric shapes which are difficult to machine.
  • the device according to document FR 2 349 173 is based on a cross-shaped member flared outwards and hollowed out at its ends.
  • the driving shaft is connected to the first member of the mechanical torque transmission means by an intermediate device comprising a first unlocking cam having a rounded concave part and mounted orthogonally to the end of the driving shaft, as well as screw of the first cam, a second locking cam having at least one projection and mounted orthogonally at the end of a driven shaft integral with the first member, which driven shaft is located in the extension of the driving shaft.
  • the transmission means or the final mechanical member are completed by a finger indicating at any time their angular position.
  • the device also comprises, on the one hand, a lever mounted on a first pivot, the first branch of which carries a bar parallel to the shafts normally bearing both against the two cams under the action of a first means for returning the lever and whose second branch carries a stop; and on the other hand an arm, one end of which is mounted on a second pivot and the other end carries a rod.
  • This arm is normally moved by a second return means to engage the abutment of the lever it rotates, which disengages the lever bar from the two cams against the effect of the first lever return means.
  • the rod is located on the passage of the finger so that, when the final member arrives at the end of the "return" stroke, this finger moves the rod, ie the arm, releasing thus the lever, the bar of which can then engage against the projection of the locking cam.
  • this device is relatively simple in that it comprises only two cams, a lever and an arm each provided with a spring as well as a finger attached to one of the elements of the transmission. These elements are easily achievable with current mechanical techniques and in all dimensions to suit the space available within the structure.
  • the lever and the arm are arranged in parallel with their respective coaxial pivots, which limits the risks of unexpected snagging in undesired positions.
  • the end of the pin of the locking cam is moreover connected to one end of a third return means, the other end of which is secured to a hook located on the unlocking cam close and in the said direction. "go" from the orifice.
  • This third return means attenuates the potential shocks of the spindle in the orifice of the unlocking cam when the drive means are engaged in the "return" direction.
  • the projection can be in the form of a notch having a sharp edge in the "return” direction for the stop effect and a rounded edge in the "go” direction, or in the form of a U-shaped notch. then ensuring maintenance in both directions.
  • the mechanical transmission schematically comprises, from left to right, a driving shaft 70 coupled in alignment with a driven shaft 12 which drives a gear made up of toothed wheels 10, 20, 30 and 40, this last wheel being integral with the mechanical member considered here as final, that is to say a driven shaft 42.
  • the driving shaft 70 can be, for example, the output axis of an electric, pneumatic motor or thermal, or manual control.
  • This driving shaft 70 can also be the output axis of a clutch interposed at the output of the engine making it possible to decouple this engine at will from the mechanical transmission.
  • the driven shaft 42 can be, for example, the axis of rotation of a butterfly valve which we want check opening and closing.
  • gear train illustrated by four toothed wheels of substantially identical diameter can in fact be made up of several wheels of different diameter then achieving a reduction or an amplification of the angular movements.
  • This gear transmission could also be replaced either by a chain or by a single or eight belt depending on the desired direction of rotation.
  • the direction “to go” will be understood to mean the direction of rotation of the needles of a watch for the driven shaft 42 therefore, in FIG. 1, the counterclockwise direction for the driving shaft 70 ( Figure 3). Conversely, the "return” direction corresponds to a counterclockwise direction of rotation for the driven shaft 42 (FIG. 2).
  • the movement blocking device firstly comprises an intermediate cam device situated between the driving shaft 70 and the driven shaft 12, these shafts being aligned with respect to each other.
  • This intermediate device is composed on the one hand of a locking cam 14 having a U-shaped notch 17, which cam is mounted perpendicular to the end of the driven shaft 12; and on the other hand an unlocking cam 76 mounted perpendicular to the end of the driving shaft 70 and this opposite the locking cam 14.
  • the diameter of the unlocking cam 76 is equal or greater to that of the locking cam 14 and has a rounded concave part at least as deep as the notch 17.
  • a pin 16 extending from the locking cam 14 passes through the unlocking cam 76 into an orifice in circular crown section 79 better visible in FIG. 2.
  • This pin 16 and this orifice 79 are arranged on their respective cams such so that, during a rotation of the driving shaft 70 in the "return" direction involving the stop of the spindle 16 against the end of the orifice 79 corresponding to the anticlockwise direction as illustrated in FIG. 2, the notch 17 of the locking cam 14 is aligned with the concave part of the unlocking cam 76.
  • this orifice 79 is such that the part of the unlocking cam 76 aligned with the notch 17 has a diameter greater than that of the locking cam 14 when the driving shaft 70 is rotated in the "go" direction, implying the stop of the pin 16 against the end of the corresponding orifice 79. Finally, the end of the pin 16 is connected anticlockwise to a hook 72 of the locking cam 76 by a coil spring 74.
  • the blocking device then comprises a lever 60 articulated around a first pivot 66.
  • One of the branches, on the left in FIG. 1, carries at its end a bar 68 aligned with the driving shaft 70 and the driven shaft 12.
  • the other branch, on the right in FIG. 1, carries a stop 62 at its end.
  • a first spring 64 acting between the transmission casing and the left branch of the lever 60 tends to hold the bar 68 simultaneously against the cams 14 and 76.
  • the locking device further comprises an arm 50 articulated around a second pivot 56 substantially coaxial with that 66 of the the sink. This arm 50 is close and parallel to the lever 60 so that its left side is applied against the stop 62 under the action of a second spring 54 pulling it clockwise.
  • this second spring 54 is anchored at a fixed point which can, as before, be a point on the transmission housing.
  • the arm 50 carries at its end a rod 52 which happens to be on the passage of a finger 44 materializing the angular position of the driven shaft 42.
  • the device operates in the following manner.
  • the finger 44 evolves according to the rotation of the driving shaft 70 in an area external to that of the arm rod 52.
  • the torque applied by the spring 54 on the arm 50 being greater than that applied by the spring 64 on the lever 60, this arm 50 pushes the stop 62 anti-clockwise which likewise moves the bar 68 therefore out of contact with the cams 14 and 76.
  • the driving shaft 70 can then freely drive in rotation, in one direction as in another, the driven shaft 12 therefore the final shaft 42 with its finger 44.
  • the driving shaft rotates in the "return” direction
  • the notch 17 of the locking cam 14 is first aligned with the concave part of the unlocking cam 76 during these rotations.
  • the finger 44 comes in an anti-clockwise movement (a) to meet the rod 50 of the arm 52 which then moves in in a clockwise movement (b) against the action of the second spring 54.
  • the lever 60 also rotates clockwise with its stop 62 remaining in contact with the arm 50 until the bar 68 comes into contact with the cams 14 and 76.
  • the notch 17 comes before the bar 68 which immediately engages therein always under the effect of the first spring 64.
  • the unlocking cam 76 can start to rotate even though the unlocking cam 14 remains immobilized and this by a angle corresponding to the movement of the spindle 16 from one end to the other of the orifice 79, movement damped by the third spring 74.
  • This movement of the unlocking cam 76 causes the bar 68 to be disengaged from the notch 17 thus authorizing a turn of the wheel 10.
  • the spring 74 tends to reposition the cams 14 and 76 so that the notch 17 and the concave part are realigned again.
  • This wheel revolution 10 also rotated the shaft 42 and the finger 44 by an angle corresponding to the ratio of the gear 10, 20, 30 and 40. If this angle is too small, causing the finger 44 to be still engaged with the rod 52, the bar 68 falls back into the notch 17 under the action of the first spring 64 and the process described above is repeated.
  • the locking cam 14 being locked again, the unlocking cam 76 continues to rotate because the spindle passes from the left end to the right end of the orifice 79 against the action of the third spring 74 but enough to bring out the bar 68 and authorize an additional turn.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 illustrate the use of this device for controlling a valve 80 closing a conduit 100.
  • this valve 80 is mounted transversely on the driven shaft 42.
  • a spring 82 wound around the shaft 42 and one end of which is blocked by an anchor point 83 and the other end pressing against the rear face of the valve 80 tends to turn it in the "closed" position.
  • this valve 80 is maintained in position as illustrated in FIG. 4 by means of a cleat 84 which may be remotely controllable which allows to release the tension in the mechanism.
  • this movement blocking system in a mechanical transmission allows, thanks to simple design elements: arm, lever, spring and cam to effectively stop the driven shaft 42 in one position predetermined angle. In this position, any force in the "return” direction applied to this driven shaft 42 and the final mechanical member, on the gear 10, 20, 30 or on the locking cam 14 is compensated, therefore destroyed by the cam locking 14 held by the bar 68. Only the setting in motion of the driving shaft 70 again in the direction "go" allows the unlocking of the transmission.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de blocage de mouvement dans une transmission mécanique empêchant tout déplacement intempestif de l'organe mécanique final dû à des efforts ou couples parasites appliqués sur l'organe même et/ou dans la transmission, lequel dispositif de blocage est levé si et seulement si les moyens d'entraînement sont volontairement enclenchés dans un sens prédéterminé.The present invention relates to a movement blocking device in a mechanical transmission preventing any untimely movement of the final mechanical member due to parasitic forces or torques applied to the body itself and / or in the transmission, which blocking device is lifted if and only if the drive means are voluntarily engaged in a predetermined direction.

Un tel dispositif présente un intérêt tout particulier lorsqu'il s'agit de motoriser des clapets, notamment des clapets papillons coupe-feu.Such a device is of particular interest when it comes to motorizing valves, in particular fire damper butterfly valves.

Un dispositif génétique est connu du document DE-B-1147814. En outre on connaît des dispositifs de blocage de mouvement dans de nombreuses structures mécaniques et on citera, à titre d'exemple, les dispositifs décrits dans les exposés FR 2 349 173, US 4 046 236, SU 1 046 556, FR 2 525 784 et DD 484 90. On constate cependant que tous ces dispositifs sont relativement compliqués ou font appel à des formes géométriques difficiles à usiner. Par exemple, le dispositif selon le document FR 2 349 173 est basé sur un organe en forme de croix évasé vers l'extérieur et évidé à ses extrémités.A genetic device is known from document DE-B-1147814. In addition, movement blocking devices are known in numerous mechanical structures, and the devices described in the presentations FR 2 349 173, US 4 046 236, SU 1 046 556, FR 2 525 784 will be cited by way of example. and DD 484 90. However, it can be seen that all of these devices are relatively complicated or use geometric shapes which are difficult to machine. For example, the device according to document FR 2 349 173 is based on a cross-shaped member flared outwards and hollowed out at its ends.

Au contraire, on fait appel selon l'invention à des pièces simples elles-mêmes de géométries simples ou conventionnelles. Ainsi, dans le dispositif selon l'invention, l'arbre menant est relié au premier organe des moyens de transmission de couple mécanique par un dispositif intermédiaire comprenant une première came de déverrouillage présentant une partie concave arrondie et montée orthogonalement à l'extrémité de l'arbre menant, ainsi que, vis-à-vis de la première came, une seconde came de verrouillage présentant au moins un ressaut et montée orthogonalement à l'extremité d'un arbre mené solidaire du premier organe, lequel arbre mené est situé dans le prolongement de l'arbre menant. Ces deux cames sont liées en rotation par une broche de la came de verrouillage traversant la came de déverrouillage par un orifice en portion de couronne circulaire agencé de telle sorte que la partie concave et le ressaut des cames soient alignées lors d'une rotation dans un sens dit "retour". Les moyens de transmission ou l'organe mécanique final sont complétés par un doigt indiquant à tout moment leur position angulaire. Le dispositif comprend de plus d'une part un levier monté sur un premier pivot dont la première branche porte une barre parallèle aux arbres prenant normalement appui à la fois contre les deux cames sous l'action d'un premier moyen de rappel du levier et dont la seconde branche porte une butée ; et d'autre part un bras dont l'une des extrémités est montée sur un deuxième pivot et l'autre extrémité porte une tige. Ce bras est normalement déplacé par un deuxième moyen de rappel pour engager la butée du levier qu'il tourne, ce qui désengage la barre du levier des deux cames contre l'effet du premier moyen de rappel du levier. La tige se situe sur le passage du doigt de telle sorte que, lors de l'arrivée de l'organe final en fin de course "retour", ce doigt déplace la tige, soit le bras, libérant ainsi le levier dont la barre peut alors s'engager contre le ressaut de la came de verrouillage.On the contrary, use is made according to the invention to simple parts themselves of simple or conventional geometries. Thus, in the device according to the invention, the driving shaft is connected to the first member of the mechanical torque transmission means by an intermediate device comprising a first unlocking cam having a rounded concave part and mounted orthogonally to the end of the driving shaft, as well as screw of the first cam, a second locking cam having at least one projection and mounted orthogonally at the end of a driven shaft integral with the first member, which driven shaft is located in the extension of the driving shaft. These two cams are linked in rotation by a pin of the locking cam passing through the unlocking cam by an orifice in the portion of a circular crown arranged so that the concave part and the projection of the cams are aligned during a rotation in a meaning said "return". The transmission means or the final mechanical member are completed by a finger indicating at any time their angular position. The device also comprises, on the one hand, a lever mounted on a first pivot, the first branch of which carries a bar parallel to the shafts normally bearing both against the two cams under the action of a first means for returning the lever and whose second branch carries a stop; and on the other hand an arm, one end of which is mounted on a second pivot and the other end carries a rod. This arm is normally moved by a second return means to engage the abutment of the lever it rotates, which disengages the lever bar from the two cams against the effect of the first lever return means. The rod is located on the passage of the finger so that, when the final member arrives at the end of the "return" stroke, this finger moves the rod, ie the arm, releasing thus the lever, the bar of which can then engage against the projection of the locking cam.

Comme on peut le constater, ce dispositif est relativement simple en ce qu'il ne comprend que deux cames, un levier et un bras chacun muni d'un ressort ainsi qu'un doigt rapporté sur l'un des éléments de la transmission. Ces éléments sont aisément réalisables avec les techniques mécaniques actuelles et en toutes dimensions pour convenir à l'espace disponible au sein de la structure.As can be seen, this device is relatively simple in that it comprises only two cams, a lever and an arm each provided with a spring as well as a finger attached to one of the elements of the transmission. These elements are easily achievable with current mechanical techniques and in all dimensions to suit the space available within the structure.

Avantageusement, le levier et le bras sont disposés parallèlement avec leurs pivots respectifs coaxiaux, ce qui limite les risques d'accrochages imprévus en des positions indésirées.Advantageously, the lever and the arm are arranged in parallel with their respective coaxial pivots, which limits the risks of unexpected snagging in undesired positions.

Avantageusement encore, l'extrémité de la broche de la came de verrouillage est de plus reliée à une extrémité d'un troisième moyen de rappel dont l'autre extrémité est arrimée à un crochet situé sur la came de déverrouillage proche et dans le sens dit "aller" de l'orifice. Ce troisième moyen de rappel atténu les chocs potentiels de la broche dans l'orifice de la came de déverrouillage lors de l'enclenchement des moyens d'entraînement dans le sens dit "retour".Advantageously also, the end of the pin of the locking cam is moreover connected to one end of a third return means, the other end of which is secured to a hook located on the unlocking cam close and in the said direction. "go" from the orifice. This third return means attenuates the potential shocks of the spindle in the orifice of the unlocking cam when the drive means are engaged in the "return" direction.

Avantageusement encore, le ressaut peut se présenter sous la forme d'une encoche ayant une arête vive dans le sens "retour" pour effet de butée et une arête arrondie dans le sens "aller", ou sous la forme d'une encoche en U assurant alors un maintien dans les deux sens.Advantageously also, the projection can be in the form of a notch having a sharp edge in the "return" direction for the stop effect and a rounded edge in the "go" direction, or in the form of a U-shaped notch. then ensuring maintenance in both directions.

Un dispositif conforme à l'invention est représenté à titre nullement limitatif, sur les dessins ci-joints dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective du dispositif lorsqu'il est inopérant,
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective du dispositif enclenché,
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en perspective du dispositif au début de la phase de désenclenchement,
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique en perspective du dispositif appliqué au contrôle d'une vanne lorsque celle-ci est en position ouverte, et
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique en perspective du dispositif appliqué au contrôle d'une vanne lorsque celle-ci est en position fermée et bloquée.
A device in accordance with the invention is shown in no way as a limitation, in the attached drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the device when it is inoperative,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the device engaged,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the device at the start of the release phase,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the device applied to the control of a valve when the latter is in the open position, and
  • Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the device applied to the control of a valve when the latter is in the closed and blocked position.

En référence à la figure 1, la transmission mécanique comprend schématiquement, de la gauche vers la droite, un arbre menant 70 accouplé dans l'alignement à un arbre mené 12 qui entraîne un engrenage composé des roues dentées 10,20,30 et 40, cette dernière roue étant solidaire de l'organe mécanique considéré ici comme final, c'est-à-dire un arbre entraîné 42. L'arbre menant 70 peut être, par exemple, l'axe de sortie d'un moteur électrique, pneumatique ou thermique, ou d'une commande manuelle. Cet arbre menant 70 peut également être l'axe de sortie d'un embrayage intercalé à la sortie du moteur permettant de découpler à volonté ce moteur de la transmission mécanique. L'arbre entraîné 42 peut être, par exemple, l'axe de rotation d'un clapet papillon dont on veut contrôler l'ouverture et la fermeture. Bien évidemment, le train d'engrenages illustré par quatre roues dentées de diamètre sensiblement identique peut être en fait composé de plusieurs roues de diamètre différent réalisant alors une réduction ou une amplification des mouvements angulaires. Cette transmission par engrenages pourrait également être remplacée soit par une chaîne soit par une courroie simple ou en huit selon le sens de rotation désiré.With reference to FIG. 1, the mechanical transmission schematically comprises, from left to right, a driving shaft 70 coupled in alignment with a driven shaft 12 which drives a gear made up of toothed wheels 10, 20, 30 and 40, this last wheel being integral with the mechanical member considered here as final, that is to say a driven shaft 42. The driving shaft 70 can be, for example, the output axis of an electric, pneumatic motor or thermal, or manual control. This driving shaft 70 can also be the output axis of a clutch interposed at the output of the engine making it possible to decouple this engine at will from the mechanical transmission. The driven shaft 42 can be, for example, the axis of rotation of a butterfly valve which we want check opening and closing. Obviously, the gear train illustrated by four toothed wheels of substantially identical diameter can in fact be made up of several wheels of different diameter then achieving a reduction or an amplification of the angular movements. This gear transmission could also be replaced either by a chain or by a single or eight belt depending on the desired direction of rotation.

Par commodité dans la suite de l'exposé, on entendra par sens "aller" le sens de rotation des aiguilles d'une montre pour l'arbre entraîné 42 donc, sur la figure 1, le sens anti-horaire pour l'arbre menant 70 (figure 3). A l'inverse, le sens "retour" correspond à un sens de rotation anti-horaire pour l'arbre entraîné 42 (figure 2).For convenience in the rest of the description, the direction "to go" will be understood to mean the direction of rotation of the needles of a watch for the driven shaft 42 therefore, in FIG. 1, the counterclockwise direction for the driving shaft 70 (Figure 3). Conversely, the "return" direction corresponds to a counterclockwise direction of rotation for the driven shaft 42 (FIG. 2).

Le dispositif de blocage de mouvement selon l'invention comprend d'abord un dispositif intermédiaire de cames situé entre l'arbre menant 70 et l'arbre mené 12, ces arbres étant alignés l'un par rapport à l'autre. Ce dispositif intermédiaire est composé d'une part d'une came de verrouillage 14 présentant une encoche en forme de U 17, laquelle came est montée perpendiculairement à l'extrémité de l'arbre mené 12 ; et d'autre part d'une came de déverrouillage 76 montée perpendiculairement à l'extrémité de l'arbre menant 70 et ce vis-à-vis de la came de verrouillage 14. Le diamètre de la came de déverrouillage 76 est égal ou supérieur à celui de la came de verrouillage 14 et présente une partie concave arrondie au moins aussi profonde que l'encoche 17.The movement blocking device according to the invention firstly comprises an intermediate cam device situated between the driving shaft 70 and the driven shaft 12, these shafts being aligned with respect to each other. This intermediate device is composed on the one hand of a locking cam 14 having a U-shaped notch 17, which cam is mounted perpendicular to the end of the driven shaft 12; and on the other hand an unlocking cam 76 mounted perpendicular to the end of the driving shaft 70 and this opposite the locking cam 14. The diameter of the unlocking cam 76 is equal or greater to that of the locking cam 14 and has a rounded concave part at least as deep as the notch 17.

Une broche 16 partant de la came de verrouillage 14 passe au travers de la came de déverrouillage 76 dans un orifice en section de couronne circulaire 79 mieux visible sur la figure 2. Cette broche 16 et cet orifice 79 sont disposés sur leurs cames respectives de telles sortes que, lors d'une rotation de l'arbre menant 70 dans le sens "retour" impliquant la butée de la broche 16 contre l'extrémité de l'orifice 79 correspondant au sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre tel qu'illustré sur la figure 2, l'encoche 17 de la came de verrouillage 14 soit alignée avec la partie concave de la came de déverrouillage 76. La longueur de cet orifice 79 est telle que la partie de la came de déverrouillage 76 alignée avec l'encoche 17 ait un diamètre supérieur à celui de la came de verrouillage 14 lors d'une rotation de l'arbre menant 70 dans le sens "aller", impliquant la butée de la broche 16 contre l'extrémité de l'orifice 79 correspondant. Enfin, l'extrémité de la broche 16 est reliée dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre à un crochet 72 de la came de verrouillage 76 par un ressort à boudin 74.A pin 16 extending from the locking cam 14 passes through the unlocking cam 76 into an orifice in circular crown section 79 better visible in FIG. 2. This pin 16 and this orifice 79 are arranged on their respective cams such so that, during a rotation of the driving shaft 70 in the "return" direction involving the stop of the spindle 16 against the end of the orifice 79 corresponding to the anticlockwise direction as illustrated in FIG. 2, the notch 17 of the locking cam 14 is aligned with the concave part of the unlocking cam 76. The length of this orifice 79 is such that the part of the unlocking cam 76 aligned with the notch 17 has a diameter greater than that of the locking cam 14 when the driving shaft 70 is rotated in the "go" direction, implying the stop of the pin 16 against the end of the corresponding orifice 79. Finally, the end of the pin 16 is connected anticlockwise to a hook 72 of the locking cam 76 by a coil spring 74.

Le dispositif de blocage comprend ensuite un levier 60 articulé autour d'un premier pivot 66. L'une des branches, à gauche sur la figure 1, porte en son extrémité une barre 68 alignée avec l'arbre menant 70 et l'arbre mené 12. L'autre branche, à droite sur la figure 1, porte en son extrémité une butée 62. Un premier ressort 64 agissant entre le carter de la transmission et la branche de gauche du levier 60 tend à maintenir la barre 68 simultanément contre les cames 14 et 76. Le dispositif de blocage comprend de plus un bras 50 articulé autour d'un deuxième pivot 56 sensiblement coaxial à celui 66 du levier. Ce bras 50 est proche et parallèle au levier 60 de telle sorte que son côté gauche vienne s'appliquer contre la butée 62 sous l'action d'un deuxième ressort 54 le tirant dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre. L'autre extrémité de ce deuxième ressort 54 est ancrée à un point fixe pouvant, comme précédemment, être un point du carter de la transmission. Le bras 50 porte en son extrémité une tige 52 qui se trouve être sur le passage d'un doigt 44 matérialisant la position angulaire de l'arbre entraîné 42.The blocking device then comprises a lever 60 articulated around a first pivot 66. One of the branches, on the left in FIG. 1, carries at its end a bar 68 aligned with the driving shaft 70 and the driven shaft 12. The other branch, on the right in FIG. 1, carries a stop 62 at its end. A first spring 64 acting between the transmission casing and the left branch of the lever 60 tends to hold the bar 68 simultaneously against the cams 14 and 76. The locking device further comprises an arm 50 articulated around a second pivot 56 substantially coaxial with that 66 of the the sink. This arm 50 is close and parallel to the lever 60 so that its left side is applied against the stop 62 under the action of a second spring 54 pulling it clockwise. The other end of this second spring 54 is anchored at a fixed point which can, as before, be a point on the transmission housing. The arm 50 carries at its end a rod 52 which happens to be on the passage of a finger 44 materializing the angular position of the driven shaft 42.

Tel que décrit précédemment, le dispositif fonctionne de la manière suivante.As described above, the device operates in the following manner.

Sur la figure 1, le doigt 44 évolue selon la rotation de l'arbre menant 70 dans une zone extérieure à celle de la tige de bras 52. Le couple appliqué par le ressort 54 sur le bras 50 étant supérieur à celui appliqué par le ressort 64 sur le levier 60, ce bras 50 pousse la butée 62 dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre ce qui déplace de même la barre 68 donc hors du contact des cames 14 et 76. L'arbre menant 70 peut alors librement entraîner en rotation, dans un sens comme dans un autre, l'arbre mené 12 donc l'arbre final 42 avec son doigt 44.In FIG. 1, the finger 44 evolves according to the rotation of the driving shaft 70 in an area external to that of the arm rod 52. The torque applied by the spring 54 on the arm 50 being greater than that applied by the spring 64 on the lever 60, this arm 50 pushes the stop 62 anti-clockwise which likewise moves the bar 68 therefore out of contact with the cams 14 and 76. The driving shaft 70 can then freely drive in rotation, in one direction as in another, the driven shaft 12 therefore the final shaft 42 with its finger 44.

Si maintenant, comme illustré sur la figure 2, l'arbre menant tourne dans le sens "retour", l'encoche 17 de la came de verrouillage 14 se retrouve d'abord alignée avec la partie concave de la came de déverrouillage 76 pendant ces rotations. Le doigt 44 vient par un mouvement anti-horaire (a) rencontrer la tige 50 de bras 52 qui se déplace alors dans dans un mouvement horaire (b) contre l'action du deuxième ressort 54. Sous l'effet du premier ressort 64, le levier 60 tourne également dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre avec sa butée 62 restant en contact avec le bras 50 jusqu'à ce que la barre 68 vienne au contact des cames 14 et 76. Enfin, l'encoche 17 vient se présenter devant la barre 68 qui s'y engage immédiatement toujours sous l'effet du premier ressort 64. Ceci a comme conséquence le blocage immédiat en rotation de la came de verrouillage par la barre 68 et le levier 60 tenu par son pivot 66 ce qui provoque l'arrêt de l'arbre mené 12 et de l'arbre entraîné 42. On constate alors que tout mouvement ultérieur du doigt 44, de l'arbre entraîné 42 ou du train d'engrenages est rendu impossible dans un sens comme dans l'autre par l'encoche en forme de U 17 prise par la barre 68. On constate de plus que si le moteur entraînant l'arbre menant 70 poursuit sa rotation dans le sens "retour", il est immédiatement stoppé par la broche 16 venant en butée à l'extrémité gauche de l'orifice 79.If now, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the driving shaft rotates in the "return" direction, the notch 17 of the locking cam 14 is first aligned with the concave part of the unlocking cam 76 during these rotations. The finger 44 comes in an anti-clockwise movement (a) to meet the rod 50 of the arm 52 which then moves in in a clockwise movement (b) against the action of the second spring 54. Under the effect of the first spring 64, the lever 60 also rotates clockwise with its stop 62 remaining in contact with the arm 50 until the bar 68 comes into contact with the cams 14 and 76. Finally, the notch 17 comes before the bar 68 which immediately engages therein always under the effect of the first spring 64. This results in the immediate blocking of the rotation locking cam by the bar 68 and the lever 60 held by its pivot 66 which causes the driven shaft 12 and the driven shaft 42 to stop. It is then found that any subsequent movement of the finger 44, of the driven shaft 42 or of the gear train is made impossible in one direction as in the other by the U-shaped notch 17 taken by the bar 68. It is further noted that if the motor driving the driving shaft 70 continues its rotation in the "return" direction, it is immediately stopped by the pin 16 coming in stop at the left end of port 79.

Lors d'un redémarrage de la transmission mécanique, par une rotation de l'arbre menant 70 dans le sens "aller", la came de déverrouillage 76 peut commencer à tourner quand bien même la came de déverrouillage 14 reste immobilisée et ce d'un angle correspondant au déplacement de la broche 16 d'une extrémité à l'autre de l'orifice 79, mouvement amorti par le troisième ressort 74. Ce déplacement de la came de déverrouillage 76 provoque le dégagement de la barre 68 hors de l'encoche 17 autorisant ainsi un tour de roue 10. Pendant ce tour, le ressort 74 a tendance à repositionner les cames 14 et 76 de telle sorte que l'encoche 17 et la partie concave soient à nouveau réalignées. Ce tour de roue 10 a également fait tourner l'arbre 42 et le doigt 44 d'un angle correspondant au rapport de l'engrenage 10,20,30 et 40. Si cet angle est trop faible, faisant que le doigt 44 est encore engagé avec la tige 52, la barre 68 retombe dans l'encoche 17 sous l'action du premier ressort 64 et le processus décrit précédemment se répète. La came de verrouillage 14 étant à nouveau bloquée, la came de déverrouillage 76 poursuit sa rotation du fait que la broche repasse de l'extrémité gauche à l'extrémité droite de l'orifice 79 contre l'action du troisième ressort 74 mais assez pour ressortir la barre 68 et autoriser un tour supplémentaire. Cet enclenchement/désenclenchement se poursuit jusqu'à ce que le doigt 44 ait suffisamment tourné dans le sens "aller" en libérant la tige 52, donc jusqu'à ce que le bras 50 et par la même le levier 60 aient suffisamment tournés dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre pour assurer que la barre 68 soit définitivement hors d'atteinte de l'encoche 17. On se retrouve alors dans la situation illustrée par la figure 1.During a restart of the mechanical transmission, by a rotation of the driving shaft 70 in the "go" direction, the unlocking cam 76 can start to rotate even though the unlocking cam 14 remains immobilized and this by a angle corresponding to the movement of the spindle 16 from one end to the other of the orifice 79, movement damped by the third spring 74. This movement of the unlocking cam 76 causes the bar 68 to be disengaged from the notch 17 thus authorizing a turn of the wheel 10. During this turn, the spring 74 tends to reposition the cams 14 and 76 so that the notch 17 and the concave part are realigned again. This wheel revolution 10 also rotated the shaft 42 and the finger 44 by an angle corresponding to the ratio of the gear 10, 20, 30 and 40. If this angle is too small, causing the finger 44 to be still engaged with the rod 52, the bar 68 falls back into the notch 17 under the action of the first spring 64 and the process described above is repeated. The locking cam 14 being locked again, the unlocking cam 76 continues to rotate because the spindle passes from the left end to the right end of the orifice 79 against the action of the third spring 74 but enough to bring out the bar 68 and authorize an additional turn. This engagement / disengagement continues until the finger 44 has sufficiently rotated in the "go" direction by releasing the rod 52, therefore until the arm 50 and by the same lever 60 have sufficiently rotated in the anticlockwise to ensure that the bar 68 is definitely out of reach of the notch 17. We then find ourselves in the situation illustrated in FIG. 1.

Si un redémarrage de la transmission mécanique plus rapide doit être envisagé, on peut alors prévoir un moyen permettant d'anihiler promptement la fonction de la tige 52, par exemple soit en la basculant de côté soit en la retirant. Le bras 50 n'étant plus retenu, il tourne le levier 60 ce qui retire tout de suite la barre 68 définitivement hors du contact des cames. La transmission peut alors tourner librement donc plus rapidement.If a faster restart of the mechanical transmission is to be envisaged, provision may then be made for means enabling the function of the rod 52 to be rapidly destroyed, for example either by tilting it aside or by removing it. The arm 50 is no longer retained, it turns the lever 60 which immediately removes the bar 68 permanently out of contact with the cams. The transmission can then rotate freely therefore faster.

Les figures 4 et 5 illustrent l'utilisation de ce dispositif pour le contrôle d'un clapet 80 venant obturer un conduit 100. De manière schématique, ce clapet 80 est monté transversalement sur l'arbre entraîné 42. Un ressort 82 enroulé autour de l'arbre 42 et dont l'une des extrémités est bloquée par un point d'ancrage 83 et l'autre extrémité appui contre la face arrière du clapet 80 tend à tourner celui-ci en positon "fermée". De préférence, après avoir tourné ce clapet 80 en position ouverte grâce au moteur et à la transmission mécanique, on maintien ce clapet 80 en position tel qu'illusté sur la figure 4 au moyen d'un taquet 84 éventuellement contrôlable à distance ce qui permet de relâcher la tension dans le mécanisme. Alors, l'embrayage du moteur étant dégagé, le simple dégagement de ce taquet 84 provoque la fermeture du clapet 80 contre l'orifice du conduit 100 sous la seule action du ressort 82, ainsi que la rotation du doigt 44 qui enclenche le mécanisme de blocage tel qu'illusté sur la figure 5.Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the use of this device for controlling a valve 80 closing a conduit 100. Schematically, this valve 80 is mounted transversely on the driven shaft 42. A spring 82 wound around the shaft 42 and one end of which is blocked by an anchor point 83 and the other end pressing against the rear face of the valve 80 tends to turn it in the "closed" position. Preferably, after having turned this valve 80 to the open position thanks to the motor and to the mechanical transmission, this valve 80 is maintained in position as illustrated in FIG. 4 by means of a cleat 84 which may be remotely controllable which allows to release the tension in the mechanism. Then, the clutch of the engine being released, the simple release of this cleat 84 causes the closure of the valve 80 against the orifice of the conduit 100 under the sole action of the spring 82, as well as the rotation of the finger 44 which engages the mechanism of blocking as illustrated in figure 5.

Le blocage dans le sens "aller" de l'arbre entraîné 42, tel qu'illustré sur la figure 5, étant prépondérant dans cette situation, on peut envisager de réaliser une came de verrouillage 14 plus solide dont l'encoche 17′ présente sur sa partie gauche un ressaut formant butée pour la barre 68, alors que sa partie droite est quelconque voire arrondie. L'arrêt dans le sens "retour" stoppant la course du doigt 44 dans son mouvement est réalisé ici par le clapet 80 lui même butant contre l'orifice du conduit 100.The blocking in the "go" direction of the driven shaft 42, as illustrated in FIG. 5, being predominant in this situation, it is possible to envisage making a more solid locking cam 14 whose notch 17 ′ is present on its left part a projection forming a stop for the bar 68, while its right part is arbitrary or even rounded. The stop in the "return" direction stopping the stroke of the finger 44 in its movement is produced here by the valve 80 itself abutting against the orifice of the conduit 100.

Comme on a pu le constater, ce système de blocage de mouvement dans une transmission mécanique permet, grâce à des éléments de conception simple : bras, levier, ressort et came de réaliser un arrêt efficace de l'arbre entraîné 42 en une position angulaire prédéterminée. Dans cette position, tout effort dans le sens "retour" appliqué sur cet arbre entraîné 42 et l'organe mécanique final, sur l'engrenage 10,20,30 ou sur la came de verrouillage 14 est compensé, donc anihilé par la came de verrouillage 14 tenue par la barre 68. Seule la mise en mouvement de l'arbre menant 70 à nouveau dans le sens "aller" permet le déblocage de la transmission.As we have seen, this movement blocking system in a mechanical transmission allows, thanks to simple design elements: arm, lever, spring and cam to effectively stop the driven shaft 42 in one position predetermined angle. In this position, any force in the "return" direction applied to this driven shaft 42 and the final mechanical member, on the gear 10, 20, 30 or on the locking cam 14 is compensated, therefore destroyed by the cam locking 14 held by the bar 68. Only the setting in motion of the driving shaft 70 again in the direction "go" allows the unlocking of the transmission.

Claims (5)

  1. A movement prevention device in a mechanical transmission, comprising a driving shaft (70) driving, in a "forward" direction and a "return" direction, means (10, 20, 30, 40) for transmitting torque to a final mechanical member (42) characterized in that :
    - the driving shaft (70) is connected to a first member (10) of the torque-transmission means by an intermediate device comprising a first unlocking cam (76) having a rounded concave part and which is mounted orthogonally at the end of the driving shaft (70) and, in face-to-face relationship with the first cam, a second, locking cam (14) having at least one abutment edge (17), and which is mounted orthogonally at the end of a driven shaft (12) which is situated in extension of the driving shaft (70) and is fixed to the first member (10), these two cams being connected for rotation together by a pin (16) of the locking cam (14) passing through the unlocking cam (76) by an arcuate opening (79) arranged so that during rotation in the "forward" direction, the concave part and the abutment edge (17) of the cams are aligned,
    - the transmission means or the final mechanical member (42) are/is provided with a pointer (44) indicating their/its angular position,
    - and in that the device further comprises :
    . a lever (60), mounted on a first pivot (66), whose first branch carries a bar (68) parallel to the shafts (70, 12) and which normally bears simultaneously against the two cams (14, 76) under the action of first lever-biasing means (64), and whose second branch carries an abutment (62),
    . and an arm (50) having one end mounted on a second pivot (56) and another end which carries a rod (52), this arm in normal use being biased by second arm-biasing means (54) to engage the abutment (62) of the lever which is turned thereby to disengage the lever's bar (68) from the two cams against the action of the first lever-biasing means (64); the rod (52) being situated in the trajectory of pointer (44) so that, when the final mechanical member (42) comes to the end of its "return" path, said pointer (44) displaces the rod (52) and the arm (50), thus freeing the lever (60) whose bar (68) may then engage against the abutment edge (17) of the locking cam (14).
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (60) and arm (50) are arranged parallel to one another with their respective pivots (56, 66) coaxial.
  3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the locking cam (14) 's pin (16) is furthermore connected to one of the ends of a third biasing means (74) whose other end is attached to a lug (72) situated on the locking cam (76) adjacent to the "forward"-direction end of opening (79).
  4. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment edge (17) is formed in a U-shaped notch providing an abutment in both directions.
  5. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment edge (17') is formed in a notch having a steep slope in the "return" direction to provide an abutment, and a rounded edge in the "forward" direction.
EP19910420080 1990-03-16 1991-03-06 Movement prevention device in a mechanical transmission Expired - Lifetime EP0447332B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9003645A FR2659722B1 (en) 1990-03-16 1990-03-16 MOTION LOCKING DEVICE IN A MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION.
FR9003645 1990-03-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0447332A1 EP0447332A1 (en) 1991-09-18
EP0447332B1 true EP0447332B1 (en) 1993-09-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910420080 Expired - Lifetime EP0447332B1 (en) 1990-03-16 1991-03-06 Movement prevention device in a mechanical transmission

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EP (1) EP0447332B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69100416T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2659722B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2751440B1 (en) * 1996-07-22 1998-12-18 Jeambrun Appareillages SELF-LOCKING RESET GEAR TRAIN
CN1323249C (en) * 2004-09-29 2007-06-27 缪江山 Transmission shaft, as well as power set and transmission device prepared from the transmission shaft

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1147814B (en) * 1958-10-21 1963-04-25 Vono Ltd A British Company Dud Revolving gear drive switches off automatically after a defined angular movement
DE2060181A1 (en) * 1970-01-19 1972-05-25 Meopta Narodni Podnik Locking device

Also Published As

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FR2659722B1 (en) 1992-07-03
DE69100416T2 (en) 1994-05-11
FR2659722A1 (en) 1991-09-20
EP0447332A1 (en) 1991-09-18
DE69100416D1 (en) 1993-11-04

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