EP0442019B1 - Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique pour la pulvérisation de peintures - Google Patents

Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique pour la pulvérisation de peintures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0442019B1
EP0442019B1 EP90103066A EP90103066A EP0442019B1 EP 0442019 B1 EP0442019 B1 EP 0442019B1 EP 90103066 A EP90103066 A EP 90103066A EP 90103066 A EP90103066 A EP 90103066A EP 0442019 B1 EP0442019 B1 EP 0442019B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paint
air
compressed
compressed air
outlet opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90103066A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0442019A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Gebauer (Fh)
Johann Ing. Htl Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
J Wagner GmbH
Original Assignee
J Wagner GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Wagner GmbH filed Critical J Wagner GmbH
Priority to DE90103066T priority Critical patent/DE59004556D1/de
Priority to EP90103066A priority patent/EP0442019B1/fr
Priority to DK90103066.8T priority patent/DK0442019T3/da
Priority to US07/654,342 priority patent/US5188290A/en
Publication of EP0442019A1 publication Critical patent/EP0442019A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0442019B1 publication Critical patent/EP0442019B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an electrostatic compressed air paint spray gun according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • electrostatic compressed air paint spray guns have been known for decades and, based on the basic structure mentioned, in a wide variety of designs on the market. An example is shown in FR-A-2 522 991.
  • air at a pressure of between 0.3 and 1.5 bar is mixed with paint in a mixing chamber in front of the gun mouth, and the mixture is mixed by means of a jacket air flow, the air of which is at least equal to high pressure as the mixture is driven out of the gun muzzle.
  • the compressed air is provided by a compressed air network or by a compressor.
  • electrostatic compressed air paint spray guns are comparatively simple. This means that no rotary drive and no rotating parts are required, as is the case with the electrostatic rotary paint spray guns.
  • the ink-carrying parts, valves and seals are not exposed to high pressures, because one color print is sufficient to ensure perfect delivery of the paint liquid to the paint outlet nozzle;
  • the compressed air atomizes and transports the paint.
  • the compressed air supply can be made by connecting to the usually existing compressed air network; the pressure of around 6 to 8 bar, which usually prevails in these compressed air networks, is fully sufficient.
  • the high voltage is either supplied by a cable from a separate high voltage generator or generated by means of so-called high voltage cascades in the gun itself.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge gained from numerous test series that the disadvantages mentioned of the previous electrostatic compressed air atomizing guns are mainly due to the fact that the compressed air emerging from the perforated ring or the annular gap has considerable turbulence.
  • This turbulence means that even if the middle path of the kinetic energy of the atomized paint particles or their average speed remains within limits, individual areas of the spray jet and thus parts of the paint particles get such a high speed that the particles in question not only as a result of their high kinetic energy tend to bounce back from the workpiece or fly past it (lack of color change), but especially due to its short dwell time within of the corona area of the electrode arrangement are only insufficiently charged, as a result of which the first-mentioned effect (rebound, lack of wrap) is significantly increased.
  • the invention now ensures that the compressed air emerges from its outlet opening in an essentially laminar flow, that is to say as a calmed and uniform air flow. This is achieved by working below the specified limit for the ratio between the pressure before and after the compressed air outlet openings, that is to say in the so-called subsonic flow area. Of course, one will remain close to this limit in order to ensure sufficient atomization of the paint and proper transport of the atomized paint particles to the workpiece, and in particular an amount of air (air throughput through the outlet openings) is required which is at least as high as and possibly higher than that of the previously known, with a pressure ratio of, for example, 6: 1 electrostatic compressed air atomizing guns.
  • the front end of the spray gun on the spray side also called the spray head, has a paint feed pipe 10, which ends at its spray end in a central paint outlet nozzle 11.
  • the ink outlet opening 11 is concentrically surrounded by a compressed air outlet in the form of an annular gap 12 which is delimited by the edge of a so-called air cap 13.
  • the air cap 13 is made of insulating material; the ink supply pipe 10 with nozzle 11 is preferably also made of insulating material, but could also consist of metal.
  • Needle electrodes 17 protrude from the spray-side end face of the air cap 13, specifically as a needle ring concentric with the paint outlet nozzle 11.
  • the needle electrodes 17 are conductively connected via lines 17a running in the air cap 13 to a contact ring 18 located on the rear end of the air cap 13.
  • the spray head shown in the drawing sits at the front end of the - not shown - pistol tube of the paint spray gun, the paint being supplied via the paint supply pipe 10, the compressed air through the bores 15 and the high voltage via the contact ring 18.
  • the drawn and described spray head corresponds completely to the usual state of the art in terms of structure and mode of operation.
  • the pressure p 1 of the compressed air in the air chamber 16 that is to say immediately upstream of the annular gap 12, is limited to a specific maximum value, namely such that the ratio V L of the pressure p 1 to Pressure p2 in front of the spray head, i.e. downstream of the annular gap 12, is between 1.3: 1 and 1.8: 1.
  • V L the ratio of the pressure p 1 to Pressure p2 in front of the spray head, i.e. downstream of the annular gap 12
  • the pressure p1 must remain below 1.8 bar absolute or below 0.8 bar overpressure. Is sprayed in a closed spray booth with suction, in which the pressure p2 is slightly below atmospheric pressure, the pressure p1 must be chosen accordingly lower.
  • This comparatively low pressure in the air chamber 16 is achieved in that the paint spray gun is driven by a motor-driven blower supplied with compressed air, which delivers compressed air corresponding to low pressures, namely a so-called “vacuum cleaner motor fan".
  • the blower air supplied experiences a temperature increase during operation.
  • a cooling element for example a cooling ring, as indicated at 19 in the drawing.
  • the amount of air is sufficient, ie the throughput of compressed air through the annular gap 12 in the unit of time. Practical tests have shown that the amount of air must be as large as or greater than the amount of air that is passed through with the usual compressed air guns with a supply pressure of the compressed air of about 6 bar. This requires a considerable size of the passage area of the annular gap 12, which must be considerably larger than in the case of the conventional compressed air paint spray guns, for example by a factor of 2 or 3.
  • the procedure is such that the pressure and quantity of the compressed air supplied and the size of the exit area of the annular gap are matched to the maximum paint throughput of the paint spray gun when using the toughest paints and by externally actuated air valves, namely a pressure reducing valve and / or a quantity reducing valve, the operator is given the opportunity to make an adjustment with a lower color throughput and / or with more atomizable colors.
  • the electrode arrangement can be designed in the usual way, but it is expedient to arrange the electrodes close to the paint outlet, for example also as a central needle electrode in the paint outlet nozzle, in order to ensure that all paint particles pass through the corona area, i.e. the area with the highest field strength. It is also important that part of the droplet transport energy is supplied by the electrostatic field. The level of the applied voltage is therefore also an important factor and must be included in the coordination, especially when spraying paints of different electrical conductivity (water-based paint).
  • color chosen here should of course include all electrostatically sprayable coating liquids, in particular varnishes of any consistency.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé pour la mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique de pulvérisation de peinture comprenant une buse de sortie de peinture (11) raccordée à une conduite d'amenée de peinture (10), une ouverture de sortie d'air comprimé (12) raccordée à une conduite d'amenée d'air comprimé débouchant au voisinage de la buse de sortie de peinture, se présentant sous la forme d'une couronne ajourée ou d'un interstice annulaire entourant concentriquement la buse de sortie de peinture, et un agencement d' électrodes raccordé à une amenée de haute tension (18), caractérisé en ce que le rapport (VL) entre la pression de l'air (p₁) régnant directement en amont de l'ouverture de sortie d'air comprimé (12) et la pression de l'air (p₂) régnant en aval de l'ouverture de sortie d'air comprimé (12) est compris entre 1,3:1 et 1,8 : 1 et en ce que l'air comprimé est fourni par une soufflante de moteur d'aspiration de poussière.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'air comprimé qui est utilisé est à une température supérieure à la température ambiante, caractérisé en ce que l'air comprimé est refroidi avant sa sortie par l'ouverture de sortie d'air comprimé (12) à une température qui est égale ou inférieure à la température ambiante au moyen d'un dispositif de refroidissement (9).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement d' électrodes est constitué par des électrodes en aiguilles (17) disposées dans ou immédiatement au voisinage de l'ouverture de sortie de peinture (11).
EP90103066A 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique pour la pulvérisation de peintures Expired - Lifetime EP0442019B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE90103066T DE59004556D1 (de) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrostatischen Druckluft-Farbspritzpistole.
EP90103066A EP0442019B1 (fr) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique pour la pulvérisation de peintures
DK90103066.8T DK0442019T3 (da) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Fremgangsmåde til drift af en elektrostatisk trykluftfarvesprøjtepistol
US07/654,342 US5188290A (en) 1990-02-16 1991-02-12 Electrostatic compressed air paint spray gun

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90103066A EP0442019B1 (fr) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique pour la pulvérisation de peintures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442019A1 EP0442019A1 (fr) 1991-08-21
EP0442019B1 true EP0442019B1 (fr) 1994-02-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90103066A Expired - Lifetime EP0442019B1 (fr) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un pistolet électrostatique et pneumatique pour la pulvérisation de peintures

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5188290A (fr)
EP (1) EP0442019B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59004556D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0442019T3 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5188290A (en) 1993-02-23
EP0442019A1 (fr) 1991-08-21
DK0442019T3 (da) 1995-03-13
DE59004556D1 (de) 1994-03-24

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