EP0438097A1 - Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge mit reduziertem Durchmesser des geschlossenen Glührohrendes - Google Patents

Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge mit reduziertem Durchmesser des geschlossenen Glührohrendes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0438097A1
EP0438097A1 EP91100365A EP91100365A EP0438097A1 EP 0438097 A1 EP0438097 A1 EP 0438097A1 EP 91100365 A EP91100365 A EP 91100365A EP 91100365 A EP91100365 A EP 91100365A EP 0438097 A1 EP0438097 A1 EP 0438097A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
glow plug
closed
swaged
swaging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91100365A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0438097B1 (de
Inventor
Giuseppe Barbieri
Antonio Bonati
Gilberto Izzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
B 80 SRL
Original Assignee
B 80 SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by B 80 SRL filed Critical B 80 SRL
Publication of EP0438097A1 publication Critical patent/EP0438097A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0438097B1 publication Critical patent/EP0438097B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a glow plug for diesel motors of motor vehicles of the type including a tubular metal sheath closed in its tip and having a diameter reduction in conjuction with the closed end, carried out by means of a compression. Said sheath holds an electric resistance element including one or more coils compacted within an insulating powder.
  • the electric element is joined, on one side, to the closed sheath end and, on the other side, to the current feeding wire, said element having the aim to glow a part of the sheath near the closed end.
  • the reduction of sheath diameter in conjuction with the closed end or glowing side has the aim of accelerating the sheath heating in the above mentioned zone for reducing the motor preheating times.
  • the glow plugs having a resistance element formed by two coils joined in series, one of these coils being welded to the closed sheath end and forming the heating coil, and the other coil being joined to the current feeding wire and forming the control coil of the feeding current.
  • the sheath section with a reduced diameter surrounds substantially the heating coil and is joined by a connection section, on one side, with the glow plug ogive and, on the opposite side, with the remaining sheath section having a greather diameter.
  • the glow plugs having the resistance element formed by a single coil have the sheath section with reduced diameter surrounding the end part heating the coil.
  • the temperature along the whole coil surrounded by the conical swaged sheath becomes uniform, as the thickness increase of the swaged sheath wall corresponds to a reduction of powder thickness included between sheath and coil, with the advantage of avoiding the formation of critical points along the coil filament, that is points submitted to overheating and therefore to breackage due to fusion.
  • the sheath reliability is increased with following longer duration of the glow plug.
  • the conical swaging makes better the configuration of the closed end of the same sheath with the advantage of getting a better turbolence into the combustion chamber or prechamber with following reduction of gas oil consumptions and exhaust gases.
  • a tubular metal sheath closed in its tip in which it is inserted a resistance element S welded, on one side, to the closed end K1 of the sheath and, on the other side, to the current feeding wire (not represented).
  • the resistance element S is formed by a coil embedded in a compacted insulating powder, such as MgO.
  • the powder is usually compacted by means of a cylindrical hammering made onto the sheath after the welding of the coil S into the ogive K1 and the following introduction of the insulating powder into the sheath.
  • the Figure 2 shows the sheath with two cylindrical sections G1 and G2, the end section G2 having a minor diameter and connected by a connection section, on one side, to the sheath section with greather diameter G1 and, on the opposite side, to the ogive K2.
  • the thickness of the sheath part with reduced diameter is not kept constant along the whole section G2 and with value equal to the initial thickness of the sheath G1, but this thickness is reduced and, in particular, in conjuction with the connection section included between the two cylindrical sections G1, G2, it passes indicatively from the value a to the value a' lower than a , forming so a critical annular zone that is subject to a quick wear due to the thermochemical erosion.
  • the heating sheath according to the invention shown in Figures 3 and 4c has the closed sheath end ending with a conical swaging G3 made by means of a compression or squashing suitable for causing a mechanical deformation both in radial and axial direction onto the interested sheath part.
  • the swaging interests an initially cylindrical section of the sheath G1 indicatively represented by TC, and an end section indicatively represented by TE slightly shorter than the whole length L of the original hemispheric part (ogive) of Figure 1. Therefore the sheath according to the invention has the hemispheric end part K3 practically reduced in the bottom thereof.
  • the conical swaging it is got an increasing thickness of the wall of swaged sheath G3 and a temperature uniformity for the whole length of the coil section S surrounded by the swaged sheath G3.
  • the thickness of the sheath G3 increases from the value b that is the initial value of the cylindrical section G1 to the value b' greather than b , that is the value of the sheath end G3.
  • a swaged sheath part having a resistance to the thermochemical erosion more and more increasing as the sheath protrudes more to the inside of the combustion chamber or prechamber, where the temperatures are higher, and also a greather resistance to the erosion caused by the heating of coil during the feeding phase or during the preheating phase of the glow plug.
  • the thickness of the swaged sheath G3 increases linearly when moving towards the sheath tip.
  • the temperature uniformity of the coil is obtained as the increase of the thickness of swaged part G3 corresponds to a reduction of the distance between the coil and the sheath, as indicated in Figure 3, where t indicates the powder thickness in the connection zone between G1 and G3 and t' , inferior than t , indicates the thickness in conjuction with the sheath end.
  • the reference M indicates the hammers and the reference AR indicates a mechanical stop or sensor, installed in prefixed axial position, that establishes the length T of the swaging, as indicated in Figures 3 and 4c.
  • the horizontal and vertical arrows of Figure 4a-b indicate respectively the radial ahead and back movement of the hammers and the progress of the sheath downwards. Then the conical compaction is obtained starting from the ogive tip towards the cylindrical part G1 of the sheath.
  • the swaging length T interests, as said, a wide part TE of the initial length L of the ogive and further is extended also to a certain cylindrical section TC of the sheath, also this section being exposed to the thermochemical erosion with the aim of increasing its thickness.
  • T is approximatively 2L and TE is approximatively 2/3 L.
  • the thickness b' of the swaged sheath part G3 is normally 25-30% greather than the thickness b of the sheath before the conical compaction operation is made.
  • the swaged sheath part substantially shows the form of a truncated cone and the amplitude ⁇ of the cone angle changes according to different parameters, as for example:
  • the invention was described with reference to a glow plug in which the resistance element S is formed by a coil S, but it is clear that the invention can be applied also to glow plugs in which the element S is formed by two or more coils connected with one another.
  • the conical compaction is obtained starting from the hemispheric ogive tip towards the cylindrical part of the sheath and occurs after the sheath has reached the cylindrical compaction on its whole length, while the resistance element and the insulating powder are already embedded within the same sheath.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
EP91100365A 1990-01-16 1991-01-14 Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge mit reduziertem Durchmesser des geschlossenen Glührohrendes Revoked EP0438097B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1907190 1990-01-16
IT19071A IT1240312B (it) 1990-01-16 1990-01-16 Candela ad incandescenza per motori diesel di autoveicoli provvista diguaina tubolare presentante una riduzione di diametro in corrispondenza dell'estremita' chiusa

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0438097A1 true EP0438097A1 (de) 1991-07-24
EP0438097B1 EP0438097B1 (de) 1994-03-23

Family

ID=11154294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91100365A Revoked EP0438097B1 (de) 1990-01-16 1991-01-14 Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge mit reduziertem Durchmesser des geschlossenen Glührohrendes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0438097B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69101447T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2050459T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1240312B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001042714A1 (de) * 1999-12-11 2001-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
EP1279896A1 (de) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Beru AG Glühkerzen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
JP2018124030A (ja) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4562315B2 (ja) * 2001-06-07 2010-10-13 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ、セラミックヒータの製造方法及びグロープラグ
DE102014220235A1 (de) * 2014-10-07 2016-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizkörper für eine elektrisch beheizbare Glühstiftkerze mit axial gepresstem Heizeinsatz, und zugehöriges Herstellungsverfahren

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB986947A (en) * 1962-09-28 1965-03-24 Gen Electric Improvements in sheathed electric heating unit and method of making same
US4112577A (en) * 1978-02-10 1978-09-12 General Motors Corporation Method of making electric heater
GB2058216A (en) * 1979-09-01 1981-04-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glow plug for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB986947A (en) * 1962-09-28 1965-03-24 Gen Electric Improvements in sheathed electric heating unit and method of making same
US4112577A (en) * 1978-02-10 1978-09-12 General Motors Corporation Method of making electric heater
GB2058216A (en) * 1979-09-01 1981-04-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glow plug for internal combustion engines

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 11, no. 67 (M-566)(2514) 28 February 1987, & JP-A-61 225517 (NGK SPARK PLUG CO) 07 October 1986, *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001042714A1 (de) * 1999-12-11 2001-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
US6849829B1 (en) 1999-12-11 2005-02-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glow plug with frustoconical ceramic heating element
EP1279896A1 (de) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Beru AG Glühkerzen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US6753505B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2004-06-22 Beru Ag Glow plugs and a method of producing glow plugs
JP2018124030A (ja) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-09 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0438097B1 (de) 1994-03-23
IT9019071A1 (it) 1991-07-17
IT1240312B (it) 1993-12-07
ES2050459T3 (es) 1994-05-16
DE69101447T2 (de) 1994-07-14
DE69101447D1 (de) 1994-04-28
IT9019071A0 (it) 1990-01-16

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