EP0429078A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Grunddurchlässigkeit - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Grunddurchlässigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0429078A1
EP0429078A1 EP90122300A EP90122300A EP0429078A1 EP 0429078 A1 EP0429078 A1 EP 0429078A1 EP 90122300 A EP90122300 A EP 90122300A EP 90122300 A EP90122300 A EP 90122300A EP 0429078 A1 EP0429078 A1 EP 0429078A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
borehole
pressure
drilling
flow
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90122300A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gérard Evers
Jean-Pierre Hamelin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche SA
Original Assignee
Soletanche SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8606992A external-priority patent/FR2598806B1/fr
Application filed by Soletanche SA filed Critical Soletanche SA
Priority to EP90122300A priority Critical patent/EP0429078A1/de
Publication of EP0429078A1 publication Critical patent/EP0429078A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/008—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by injection test; by analysing pressure variations in an injection or production test, e.g. for estimating the skin factor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the permeability of a ground, sufficiently coherent so that one can carry out a drilling therein without supporting its walls.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by providing a method and a device for measuring the permeability of a ground which give results in real time, which are easy to implement, which do not require the extraction of the train. rods at each pass, and which can be automated to a large extent.
  • the subject of the invention is a method for measuring the permeability of a homogeneous section of a site, characterized in that, in a first step, drilling is carried out in said site until the start of said homogeneous section, and in said drilling a flow of liquid is caused by noting, at the head of the drilling, the variation in the flow rate as a function of the pressure, that, in a second step, said drilling is continued until the end of said homogeneous section, and a new flow of liquid is caused in the borehole by again taking note, at the head of the borehole, of the variation in the flow rate as a function of the pressure, and that the permeability of the said two curves thus obtained is deduced slice of land.
  • the drilling head is connected to a data acquisition and control system. pressure or flow, and causing the liquid flows from said system.
  • the flow rate Q S can be measured by any suitable means such as a flow meter placed at the head of the borehole, but it can also be deduced from the variation as a function of time, of the pressure in a pressurized tank connected to the head of the borehole.
  • pressurized reservoir is understood here to mean a sealed reservoir provided with a liquid inlet and partially filled with liquid and partially with a gaseous fluid under pressure. Furthermore, when it is a question of a flow of liquid "from” this reservoir, this may as well correspond to an arrival of liquid in the reservoir, which is the case of pumping with a positive flow rate, that an exit of the liquid towards the drilling, which is the case of the injection with a negative flow.
  • the flow of liquid in the borehole takes place in one direction or the other depending on the pressure at the head of the borehole. It is therefore possible to choose this direction of flow, in particular as a function of the water pressure in the ground.
  • the tests will preferably be carried out by pumping, so as to avoid clogging of the wall of the borehole, which generally occurs during injection, and which leads to underestimating the permeability of the ground.
  • the line obtained during the first step is "subtracted" from the line obtained during the second step, that is to say the line is constructed each point has an ordinate equal to the difference of the corresponding ordinates of the first two lines.
  • the slope of the straight line obtained is then measured and the permeability of the terrain is deduced from said slope, in the simplest case by multiplying this slope by a constant.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for measuring the permeability of a ground, characterized in that it comprises a drilling apparatus comprising a drill string supporting at its end a drilling tool for carrying out a delimiting drilling an annular space between the drill string and the wall of the borehole, a flow or pressure control system, a conduit allowing the annular space to communicate with said system, means for measuring at least the pressure or the flow at the head of the borehole and an electronic computer arranged to receive as input the signals from said measurement means and to deduce the permeability of the ground.
  • a drilling apparatus comprising a drill string supporting at its end a drilling tool for carrying out a delimiting drilling an annular space between the drill string and the wall of the borehole, a flow or pressure control system, a conduit allowing the annular space to communicate with said system, means for measuring at least the pressure or the flow at the head of the borehole and an electronic computer arranged to receive as input the signals from said measurement means and to deduce the permeability of the ground.
  • the method described above can therefore be implemented with this device without it being necessary to remove the drill string, the flow of liquid taking place towards the head of the borehole in the annular space formed between the train of rods and the wall of the borehole.
  • We can therefore proceed step by step, and perform for example a measurement during each addition of rod to the drill string, and therefore without any loss of time.
  • the device may also include an anchoring front tube sealed to the ground and concentric with said drill string, to take up the hydrostatic thrust of the liquid.
  • An inflatable stuffing box can be provided between the drill string and the anchoring pre-tube, this stuffing box being deflated during drilling and inflated during the measurements.
  • a non-return valve is preferably provided at the end of the drill string, so as to be able to inject a drilling liquid from the interior of the drill string during drilling.
  • Said control system may comprise, in a first embodiment, a pressurized tank which may include a vent valve and a drain valve, the latter preferably being at adjustable level.
  • control system comprises a valve controlled by the pressure or the flow rate measured at the drilling head.
  • valve it is then possible to slave the valve either so as to simulate the first embodiment, or so as to obtain any desired variation in flow rate or pressure. It may then be necessary to add to the system a possibly regulated injection pump.
  • the device can also also include a set of measurement of drilling parameters making it possible to determine automatically homogeneous sections of land for each of which a permeability test must be carried out.
  • the device of FIG. 1 comprises a drilling apparatus shown diagrammatically at 1 capable of interning a drill string 2 to carry out a drilling 3 in a terrain 4 of which it is desired to know the permeability at the various points of the drilling.
  • the rod 2 carries at its end a drilling tool 5 with a diameter greater than that of the rod so as to form an annular space 7 between the wall 8 of the borehole and the rod 2.
  • the hydrostatic pressure, which is exerted during of the test, at the head of the borehole, is taken up by a pre-anchoring tube 9 sealed to the ground 4 and concentric to the drill string 2.
  • the drill string 2 crosses the front tube 9 at its rear part by means of a seal 10 constituted for example by a hydraulic cable gland.
  • the rod train 2 forms an internal conduit 11 for the passage of a drilling fluid, and a non-return valve 12 at the end of the drill string makes it possible, during the measurements, to avoid reverse flow.
  • a hole 13 is drilled in the front tube 9 to allow the annular space 7 to be connected to a discharge duct 14 which, during drilling, is connected, via an open valve 15, to a pump 16.
  • the pump 16 makes it possible to create a depression in the front tube 9 making it possible to drill with the deflated cable gland 10.
  • the conduit 14 is also connected via a valve 17 to the lower part of a sealed reservoir 18.
  • the reservoir 18 also includes at its upper part a vent 19 capable of being closed by a valve 20 and , at its lower part, a drain pipe 21 closed by a valve 22.
  • the pipe 21 is adjustable in height so as to adjust the drain level.
  • the reservoir 18 is equipped at its upper part with a visual pressure gauge 23 and with a pressure sensor 24 whose output signal is applied via a line 25 to a computer 26.
  • FIG 3 is similar to Figure 1, but for the sake of simplicity, the drilling apparatus and the drill string have not been shown.
  • an impermeable zone 27 has been shown which may correspond either to the impermeable zone of the fore-tube, or to a zone of ground which is naturally impermeable or impermeable during an earlier phase.
  • the drilling is carried out by successive passes or sections of land, a measurement being carried out between each pass.
  • valve 17 At the start of each pass, the valve 17 being closed, the valves 20 and 22 are opened so as to empty the reservoir 18.
  • the duct 21 is adjusted so that after the emptying the reservoir contains an amount of air such that, during the test which will follow, the pressure varies significantly in the time desired for the duration of the test.
  • the drilling rig 1 is stopped as well as the pump 16, the cable gland 10 is inflated, the valve 15 is closed as are the valves 20 and 22, and the valve 17 is open.
  • the pressure in the reservoir 18 is lower than the pressure P o of the water table in the ground 4, the water then begins to flow in the borehole, and from the head of the borehole to the reservoir 18 in which the liquid level rises.
  • FIG. 3 shows the radial drainage which takes place in the terrain 4 between the dimension planes z and z + dz. At this level, the water which filters into the ground penetrates with the speed u z into the borehole at a point where the pressure is equal to P z and the axial flow speed V z .
  • the computer 26 records for each pass, via the pressure sensor 24, the change in pressure P S (n) in the tank 18 as a function of time, and deduces therefrom the curve representing the flow rate Q S (n) as a function of P S (n) .
  • the computer 26 is programmed so as to establish the diagram of FIG. 4 representing the variation of Arctg as a function of W S with the definitions given above of Q S and W S.
  • the line corresponding to the first pass has the slope w (1) l (1) and that, for step n, the line 30 obtained by difference between the ordinates of the line constructed in step n and the ordinates of the straight line constructed in step n-1 have slope w (n) l (n) .
  • the computer 26 then deduces the permeability of the slice corresponding to step n of the following formula:
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to determine step by step the permeability of the ground crossed by the borehole 7.
  • the conduit 14 is connected to the pump 16 via a flow meter 40, a pressure sensor 41, and a slave valve 42.
  • the data captured by the flow meter 40 and the sensor pressure 41 are transmitted to the computer 26 which in turn controls the valve 42.
  • FIG. 2 also shows an assembly 43 for measuring the drilling parameters which, during the drilling phases, transmit to the computer 26 the data such as the speed of rotation of the train of the rod, the reaction exerted on the latter and forward speed.
  • the computer 26 can be programmed to automatically determine the homogeneous slices of land and therefore the locations where a new permeability measurement must be made.
  • the computer 26 can for example control the valve 42 so as to simulate the test carried out with the device in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 5b and 5c show characteristic curves of a laminar flow with clogging at high pressure and unclogging respectively.
  • the curve of FIG. 5d is obtained in a terrain exhibiting clogging characteristics at low pressure while FIG. 5e is obtained with a terrain exhibiting clogging characteristics at low pressure and also at high pressure.
  • FIG. 5f represents a clogging at low pressure and an unclogging at high pressure.
  • Figure 5g is characteristic of a turbulent flow and finally Figure 5h represents a progressive unclogging.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
EP90122300A 1986-05-15 1987-05-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Grunddurchlässigkeit Withdrawn EP0429078A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90122300A EP0429078A1 (de) 1986-05-15 1987-05-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Grunddurchlässigkeit

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8606992A FR2598806B1 (fr) 1986-05-15 1986-05-15 Procede et dispositif pour la mesure de la permeabilite d'un terrain
FR8606992 1986-05-15
EP90122300A EP0429078A1 (de) 1986-05-15 1987-05-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Grunddurchlässigkeit

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87401104.2 Division 1987-05-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429078A1 true EP0429078A1 (de) 1991-05-29

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EP90122300A Withdrawn EP0429078A1 (de) 1986-05-15 1987-05-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Grunddurchlässigkeit

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0429078A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180252629A1 (en) * 2015-10-19 2018-09-06 Hz-Dr. Hans Jürgen Hahn Und Dr. Thomas Zumbroich Gbr Substrate permeability measuring device
CN113959924A (zh) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-21 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 一种考虑地层上覆荷载的泥浆水平渗透试验装置及方法

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3604256A (en) * 1969-01-31 1971-09-14 Shell Oil Co Method for measuring the average vertical permeability of a subterranean earth formation
US3771360A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-11-13 Shell Oil Co Vertical permeability test
US4192182A (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-03-11 Sylvester G Clay Method for performing step rate tests on injection wells
FR2434923A1 (fr) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-28 Schlumberger Prospection Procede d'essais de puits
US4328705A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-05-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method of determining characteristics of a fluid producing underground formation
DE3309031A1 (de) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-20 Turkmenskij naučno-issledovatel'skij geologorasvedočnyj institut, Ašchabad Bohrgeraet
US4531403A (en) * 1980-08-01 1985-07-30 Korompay Susan A De Method and apparatus for fracturation detection
EP0176410A1 (de) * 1984-09-07 1986-04-02 Schlumberger Limited Verfahren zur Einzelbestimmung der Durchlässigkeit und des Wandfaktors von wenigstens zwei Schichten eines Untertagespeichers
US4597290A (en) * 1983-04-22 1986-07-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method for determining the characteristics of a fluid-producing underground formation
FR2576415A1 (fr) * 1985-01-18 1986-07-25 Rech Geolog Miniere Appareil de mesure de la permeabilite de terrains et plus particulierement de formations tres faiblement permeables, du type a test impulsionnel
FR2585404A1 (fr) * 1985-07-23 1987-01-30 Flopetrol Procede de determination des parametres de formations a plusieurs couches productrices d'hydrocarbures

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3604256A (en) * 1969-01-31 1971-09-14 Shell Oil Co Method for measuring the average vertical permeability of a subterranean earth formation
US3771360A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-11-13 Shell Oil Co Vertical permeability test
FR2434923A1 (fr) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-28 Schlumberger Prospection Procede d'essais de puits
US4192182A (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-03-11 Sylvester G Clay Method for performing step rate tests on injection wells
US4531403A (en) * 1980-08-01 1985-07-30 Korompay Susan A De Method and apparatus for fracturation detection
US4328705A (en) * 1980-08-11 1982-05-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method of determining characteristics of a fluid producing underground formation
DE3309031A1 (de) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-20 Turkmenskij naučno-issledovatel'skij geologorasvedočnyj institut, Ašchabad Bohrgeraet
US4597290A (en) * 1983-04-22 1986-07-01 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method for determining the characteristics of a fluid-producing underground formation
EP0176410A1 (de) * 1984-09-07 1986-04-02 Schlumberger Limited Verfahren zur Einzelbestimmung der Durchlässigkeit und des Wandfaktors von wenigstens zwei Schichten eines Untertagespeichers
FR2576415A1 (fr) * 1985-01-18 1986-07-25 Rech Geolog Miniere Appareil de mesure de la permeabilite de terrains et plus particulierement de formations tres faiblement permeables, du type a test impulsionnel
FR2585404A1 (fr) * 1985-07-23 1987-01-30 Flopetrol Procede de determination des parametres de formations a plusieurs couches productrices d'hydrocarbures

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180252629A1 (en) * 2015-10-19 2018-09-06 Hz-Dr. Hans Jürgen Hahn Und Dr. Thomas Zumbroich Gbr Substrate permeability measuring device
CN113959924A (zh) * 2021-10-27 2022-01-21 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 一种考虑地层上覆荷载的泥浆水平渗透试验装置及方法
CN113959924B (zh) * 2021-10-27 2023-05-30 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 一种考虑地层上覆荷载的泥浆水平渗透试验装置及方法

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