EP0646698B1 - Verfahren zur Bewertung der Beschädigung von Gesteinsstrukturen im Bohrloch - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Bewertung der Beschädigung von Gesteinsstrukturen im Bohrloch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0646698B1
EP0646698B1 EP94402167A EP94402167A EP0646698B1 EP 0646698 B1 EP0646698 B1 EP 0646698B1 EP 94402167 A EP94402167 A EP 94402167A EP 94402167 A EP94402167 A EP 94402167A EP 0646698 B1 EP0646698 B1 EP 0646698B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
well
oil
rock
fluid
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94402167A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0646698A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Rochon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine Production SA
Original Assignee
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine Production SA
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Publication of EP0646698A1 publication Critical patent/EP0646698A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/008—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by injection test; by analysing pressure variations in an injection or production test, e.g. for estimating the skin factor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for evaluating damage to the structure of a rock surrounding a well, and more particularly to such a method intended for evaluating damage to the bottom of an oil well.
  • metal casing is lowered into the well in order to reinforce the wall of the well and to isolate the interior of the well from the various layers of rock traversed by the well. well.
  • the annular space defined between the outside of the casing and the wall of the well is filled with cement in order to further strengthen the well, and to avoid communication of fluids between the layers.
  • a perforation tool is lowered to the bottom of the well at the level of the oil-bearing rock.
  • the tool is provided with explosive charges which are intended to successively perforate the casing, the layer of cement and the petroleum rock.
  • the opening or perforation that extends into the rock is surrounded by a damaged area of lower permeability than that of petroleum rock.
  • Document US-A-3,604,256 describes a process for evaluating the damage to the wall of an oil well, in which two series of perforations, vertically spaced in the well, are isolated from one another by a seal placed in the well. Then, a fluid, of the same nature as that present in the oil-bearing rock, is sent under pressure to the chamber defined in the well by the seal, in order to penetrate into the perforations opening in this chamber. The fluid pressure is then measured in the vicinity of the other perforations in order to determine the average permeability of the petroleum rock.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a method for evaluating the damage to the structure of a rock surrounding a well which makes it possible to quantify the permeability of the damaged area delimiting a perforation, and more generally the well.
  • the present invention thus makes it possible to evaluate the damage to the structure of a rock surrounding a well, the damaged area resulting either from the drilling operation of the well, or from a perforation or a cutting of the rock.
  • a well 10 which in the example illustrated is an oil well, extends from the surface 12 to a layer of petroleum rock 14.
  • a metal casing 16 extends inside of the well 10 and the annular space defined between the outside of the casing 16 and the wall 18 of the well 10 is filled with cement 20.
  • a production column 22, arranged in a known manner in the well 10 is provided, at its upper end, with a set of safety valves 24.
  • the annular space 26 defined between the production column 22 and the casing 16 is closed, at its lower end, by a device for seal 28, more commonly known as a "packer".
  • a perforating tool 30 When the well is put into production, a perforating tool 30 is lowered into the well 10 by the production column 22 up to the level of the petroleum rock 14. Then, explosive charges 32 are detonated in the perforating tool 30. The explosion of the charges 32 creates perforations 34 through the casing 16 and the cement 18, extending into the petroleum rock 14.
  • the perforation 34 is delimited by a damaged area 36 of compactness greater than that of the rock 14, which is formed by the compression of the rock resulting from the explosion.
  • the explosion reduces the size of the rock grains in the damaged area and causes a reduction in its permeability.
  • an assessment is made of the damage to the area surrounding the perforation.
  • FIG. 3 A device enabling the method according to the present invention to be carried out under laboratory conditions is shown in FIG. 3.
  • a piston 38 and cylinder 40 assembly receives a sample 42 of rock of annular section, the permeability of which is to be measured .
  • the piston 38 slides in leaktight manner in the cylinder 40 under the effect of hydraulic pressure applied by an inlet 44.
  • the sample 42 is held in leaktightness in the cylinder 40 by means of two seals 46, 48 of so as to define with the internal wall of the cylinder 40 an annular passage 50 which communicates with an outlet 52.
  • a central passage 54 created by a perforation inside the sample 42 communicates with a fluid inlet 56.
  • a oil circuit generally represented at 58, comprises a pump 60, at constant flow rate, connected to an electrical source 62, and oil tanks 64, 66 and 68.
  • the tanks 66 and 68 each containing a different oil can be selectively connected by a set of valves 70 to a conduit 72 leading to the inlet 56.
  • the pressure at the outlet 52 is regulated by a pressure relief valve 74.
  • the pressure gradient between inlet 56 and outlet 52 is measured by a measuring device 76.
  • the sample tested was Becha sandstone and was in the form of a hollow cylinder having an outside radius Re of 5.05 cm, a thickness H of 2.36 cm and a length of 8 cm.
  • the radial permeability of the sample k (ref) was 174mD before damage by the perforation shot.
  • the porosity of the sample measured during the test with the oil with a viscosity of 1.5 cPo is 19.4%.
  • the oil pressure at the inlet 56 is then brought to 5 bars and the radial permeability Ko measured is equal to 103 mD.
  • FIG. 6 is shown an apparatus for implementing the method according to the invention in an oil well.
  • the well 110 extends from the surface 112 to a layer of petroleum rock 114 in which either perforations 134 have been formed, as illustrated on the right of the figure.
  • a measuring tool generally represented at 142, is disposed towards the lower end of a production column 144 extending from the surface 112 to the layer of petroleum rock 114.
  • the tool 142 includes an upper seal 146 and a lower seal 148 which, once the tool 142 has descended into the well 110 at the level of the layer 114, are connected to a source 150 of fluid. under pressure disposed on the surface 112 in order to put the seals under pressure and to ensure the seal with the interior of the casing 116.
  • the two seals 146 and 148 define between them a chamber 152 whose wall includes the damage to be evaluated which is formed either of perforations 134 or of window 140.
  • the interior of the chamber 152 is connected to a source 154 of pressurized oil through the interior of the production column 144.
  • the interior of the production column 144 is provided, at a predetermined point, with a restriction 156.
  • the source 154 is connected to a recorder 158 which is intended to record the evolution of the pressure of the unit sent by the production column 144.
  • the presence of the restriction 156 in the oil passage causes a rise in pressure which is displayed on the recorder 158 just before the oil arrives in the chamber 152.
  • the oil enters the chamber 152 via an orifice 160.
  • the tool 142 is used as follows. Once the production column 144 is lowered into the well so that the tool 142 is at the perforations 134 or the window 140, the two seals 146 and 148 are pressurized from the source 150 in order to ensure that the chamber 152 is isolated from the well 110.
  • the rock to be evaluated is then saturated with a fluid of known viscosity.
  • This first fluid can comprise either the fluid present in the well, or the oil in place in the petroleum rock. In both cases, the viscosity of the fluid under the downhole conditions can be determined by conventional techniques. In an alternative embodiment where no suitable fluid is present at the bottom of the well, the first fluid of known viscosity is sent from the surface through the interior of the production column 144.
  • a second fluid in particular an oil, of high viscosity greater than that of the first fluid, is sent under pressure from the interior of the production column 144 to the chamber 152
  • high viscosity is meant a viscosity about 10 to 100 times higher than that of the first fluid and preferably about 30 times higher.
  • FIG. 8 shows a curve of the evolution of the permeability produced by using the derivative of the curve of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 8 thus takes up, more precisely, the data of FIG. 5.
  • the method according to the invention can be used to determine other characteristics relating to the operating state of the well, for example to count the number of perforations present at the bottom of the well.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Verfahren zur Bewertung der Beschädigung der Struktur eines einen Schacht umgebenden Fels, das die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    - von einer in dem Schacht ausgebildeten Kammer aus Einspritzen eines Öles in den bereits durch ein erstes Fluid mit einer ersten Viskosität gesättigten Fels und Aufzeichnen des Drucks des eingespritzten Öls als Funktion der Zeit;
    - Analyse der Entwicklung des Drucks des eingespritzten Öls, um die in dem Fels vorhandenen Bereiche mit verschiedener Durchlässigkeit darzustellen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Öl verwendet wird, das eine Viskosität hat, die zwischen 10- und 100-mal so groß ist wie die des ersten Fluids, daß die Analyse der Entwicklung des Drucks des eingespritzten Öls von der Kammer aus erfolgt und daß die Analyse der Entwicklung der Durchlässigkeit als Funktion der Entfernung zum Schacht durch Verwendung der Ableitung nach der Zeit der Kurve der Entwicklung des Öldrucks als Funktion der Zeit erfolgt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sättigung des Fels mit dem ersten Fluid durch ein bereits in dem Bohrschacht vorhandenes Fluid erfolgt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sättigung des Fels mit dem ersten Fluid von der Oberfläche aus erfolgt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als erstes Fluid ein Öl verwendet wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Öl verwendet wird, das eine Viskosität hat, die 30-mal größer als die des ersten Fluids ist.
EP94402167A 1993-09-30 1994-09-29 Verfahren zur Bewertung der Beschädigung von Gesteinsstrukturen im Bohrloch Expired - Lifetime EP0646698B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9311665 1993-09-30
FR9311665A FR2710687B1 (fr) 1993-09-30 1993-09-30 Procédé d'évaluation de l'endommagement de la structure d'une roche entourant un puits.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0646698A1 EP0646698A1 (de) 1995-04-05
EP0646698B1 true EP0646698B1 (de) 1997-08-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94402167A Expired - Lifetime EP0646698B1 (de) 1993-09-30 1994-09-29 Verfahren zur Bewertung der Beschädigung von Gesteinsstrukturen im Bohrloch

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5477922A (de)
EP (1) EP0646698B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE156565T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2133297C (de)
DE (1) DE69404796D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2710687B1 (de)
NO (1) NO306523B1 (de)
OA (1) OA09994A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103758513A (zh) * 2014-01-10 2014-04-30 西南石油大学 一种模拟全尺寸井壁稳定的评价方法
CN105593702A (zh) * 2013-10-01 2016-05-18 国际壳牌研究有限公司 通过整合地震方法与页岩源区带中的流体密度和压力估计资源密度的方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5644076A (en) * 1996-03-14 1997-07-01 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Wireline formation tester supercharge correction method
US5743334A (en) * 1996-04-04 1998-04-28 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Evaluating a hydraulic fracture treatment in a wellbore
US7117605B2 (en) 2004-04-13 2006-10-10 Gyrodata, Incorporated System and method for using microgyros to measure the orientation of a survey tool within a borehole
US8087292B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2012-01-03 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method of miscible injection testing of oil wells and system thereof
CN101487831B (zh) * 2009-02-06 2012-06-20 西南石油大学 一种确定致密岩心损害的方法
GB201319184D0 (en) 2013-10-30 2013-12-11 Maersk Olie & Gas Fracture characterisation
CN104111317B (zh) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-20 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 一种煤岩储层损害评价的实验方法
CN106869904B (zh) * 2017-02-20 2019-11-26 中国矿业大学 一种利用钻机运行参数原位实时确定岩体损伤状态的方法

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3550445A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-12-29 Exxon Production Research Co Method for testing wells for the existence of permeability damage
US3604256A (en) * 1969-01-31 1971-09-14 Shell Oil Co Method for measuring the average vertical permeability of a subterranean earth formation
US3636762A (en) * 1970-05-21 1972-01-25 Shell Oil Co Reservoir test
US4052885A (en) * 1976-08-24 1977-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Portable device and method for determining permeability characteristics of earth formations
FR2467414A1 (fr) * 1979-10-11 1981-04-17 Anvar Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance de sols et de milieux rocheux
US4423625A (en) * 1981-11-27 1984-01-03 Standard Oil Company Pressure transient method of rapidly determining permeability, thickness and skin effect in producing wells
FR2518162A1 (fr) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-17 Petroles Cie Francaise Appareil pour l'appreciation sur chantier de l'efficacite d'un traitement en cours d'application a un puits d'hydrocarbures
FR2544790B1 (fr) * 1983-04-22 1985-08-23 Flopetrol Methode de determination des caracteristiques d'une formation souterraine produisant un fluide
FR2613418B1 (fr) * 1987-04-02 1995-05-19 Schlumberger Cie Dowell Procede de traitement matriciel dans le domaine petrolier
FR2623561A1 (fr) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-26 Soletanche Dispositif pour la realisation d'essais hydrauliques et/ou d'injections en fond de forage
US4867237A (en) * 1988-11-03 1989-09-19 Conoco Inc. Pressure monitoring apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105593702A (zh) * 2013-10-01 2016-05-18 国际壳牌研究有限公司 通过整合地震方法与页岩源区带中的流体密度和压力估计资源密度的方法
CN103758513A (zh) * 2014-01-10 2014-04-30 西南石油大学 一种模拟全尺寸井壁稳定的评价方法
CN103758513B (zh) * 2014-01-10 2016-03-16 西南石油大学 一种模拟全尺寸井壁稳定的评价方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2710687A1 (fr) 1995-04-07
FR2710687B1 (fr) 1995-11-10
OA09994A (fr) 1996-03-29
CA2133297C (fr) 2005-01-25
NO306523B1 (no) 1999-11-15
NO943614D0 (no) 1994-09-29
DE69404796D1 (de) 1997-09-11
NO943614L (no) 1995-03-31
CA2133297A1 (fr) 1995-03-31
EP0646698A1 (de) 1995-04-05
ATE156565T1 (de) 1997-08-15
US5477922A (en) 1995-12-26

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