EP0419352B1 - Elektromagnetventil mit Dauermagnet - Google Patents

Elektromagnetventil mit Dauermagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0419352B1
EP0419352B1 EP19900402585 EP90402585A EP0419352B1 EP 0419352 B1 EP0419352 B1 EP 0419352B1 EP 19900402585 EP19900402585 EP 19900402585 EP 90402585 A EP90402585 A EP 90402585A EP 0419352 B1 EP0419352 B1 EP 0419352B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
core
electromagnet
solenoid valve
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900402585
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0419352A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Labouesse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solex SA
Original Assignee
Solex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solex SA filed Critical Solex SA
Publication of EP0419352A1 publication Critical patent/EP0419352A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0419352B1 publication Critical patent/EP0419352B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/466—Electrically operated valves, e.g. using electromagnetic or piezoelectric operating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to solenoid valves, of the type comprising, on the one hand, a housing containing an electromagnet with control winding and in which is formed a passage limited by a seat for receiving a shutter, and, on the other hand, a mobile assembly comprising the shutter a permanent magnet and a core of soft ferromagnetic material, the movable element being movable in the housing e etween soft positions, one of which is defined by support of the shutter onto the seat, the moving element being maintained in a first position, of rest, by the permanent magnet when the winding of the electromagnet is not supplied, and moved to a second position, active, when the winding is supplied.
  • DE-1 267 924 discloses a solenoid valve of this type, in which the core and: the permanent magnet are connected by a spacer and are arranged substantially on either side of the electromagnet in the direction of movement of the moving element, the magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet and the magnetic circuit comprising the electromagnet and the core also comprising a fixed annular carcass housed in the housing and traversed by the spacer, the assembly being arranged so that in the active position the gap between the core and the carcass of the magnetic circuit comprising the electromagnet and the core is minimum, while the gap between the permanent magnet and the carcass of the magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet is maximum, and vice versa in the rest position.
  • the solenoid valve described in this document is a bi-stable device, in which the mobile assembly is held in each of its two extreme positions only by the permanent magnet, and switches from one of its two positions to the 'other by a brief excitation of the control coil of the electromagnet.
  • DE-2 826 212 discloses a solenoid valve also arranged as a bi-stable device, in which a moving assembly is held in each of its two extreme positions only by permanent magnets, electromagnet coils being powered only when the moving assembly passes from one of its two positions, and in which a spacer made of a non-magnetic material extends between a permanent magnet and one and / or the other of two cores.
  • solenoid valves of this type find an important, although not exclusive, application in the fuel supply installations of internal combustion engines.
  • the invention aims to provide a solenoid valve of the type known from DE-1 267 924, but better meeting the requirements of practice than those previously known of the second type mentioned above, using a magnet as a return member to one of the two extreme positions. of the moving assembly, in particular in that it makes it possible to give the force acting on the shutter a value which is certain to avoid leaks and, in advantageous embodiments, reduces the variation of the forces exerted on the crew , depending on the position of the shutter, in comparison with the existing solenoid valves with magnetic return.
  • the invention also makes it possible to produce a solenoid valve in which the forces exerted on the movable assembly are maximum when the latter occupies one or the other of the extreme positions which it must take in normal operation.
  • the invention in particular proposes a solenoid valve of structure known from DE-1 267 924, and as presented above, which is characterized in that the spacer, made of non-magnetic material, is of constant length between the core and the permanent magnet, and chosen such that, taking into account the distance between the seat and a cover closing the housing to limit the movements of the moving element, the air gaps between the permanent magnet and the corresponding carcass in position of rest and between the core and the corresponding carcass in the active position are minimum air gaps but not zero, and that the moving element is maintained in the active position as long as the winding of the electromagnet is energized, and recalled from the position active towards the rest position by the permanent magnet as soon as the winding stops being supplied.
  • the solenoid valve shown in Figures 1 to 3 is of the type closed at rest, that is to say comprising a shutter resting on its seat when the solenoid valve is not supplied with electric current.
  • This solenoid valve comprises a housing 10 of generally cylindrical shape, made of non-magnetic material, the front part of which, of reduced diameter, is threaded to allow the housing to be fixed by screwing into a foundry body 12.
  • channels 16 and 18 which communicate via a passage defined by a seat 20 in the front part of the housing.
  • a seat 20 in the front part of the housing.
  • a groove for receiving an O-ring 22 intended to suppress communications between the channels 16 and 18 other than through the passage.
  • a space provided inside the housing contains a tubular support 23 of plastic material carrying the coil 24 of an electromagnet also comprising a fixed soft iron carcass 26, of annular shape.
  • the ends of the winding are connected to pins 28 and 30 for connection with a DC excitation circuit (not shown), placed at the rear of the housing 10.
  • a crew, mobile to and from the seat 20, comprises a shutter 32 movable between a rest position where it rests on the seat 20 (Figure 1) and an active position where it is moved away from it ( Figure 2).
  • the shutter is fixed, for example by fitting, on a soft iron core 34, which tends to pass from the rest position (shutter closed position) to the active position (shutter open position where it is shown in Figure 2) under the action of electromagnetic forces exerted by the electromagnet when the winding 24 is supplied regardless of the direction of current flow.
  • a permanent magnet 36 with axial magnetization, is placed at the rear of the electromagnet and mechanically coupled to the core 34 by a rod 38, constituting a spacer. The spacer rod slides in the central passage of the annular carcass of soft iron 26.
  • the spacer has a simple abutment support on the core 34 and the magnet 36. But it could be fixed to one and / or the other of these elements .
  • the length of the spacer 38 is such that, when the shutter is in abutment on its seat, an air gap e remains between the facing faces of the carcass 26 and of the permanent magnet 36, to avoid sticking due to the residual magnetization of the carcass.
  • a cover 40 placed at the rear of the housing limits the recoil of the magnet 36 so that an air gap still remains between the carcass 26 and the core 34, both made of soft iron, when the winding 24 is powered.
  • Air circulation clearances are provided in the housing so that the movements of the mobile assembly are not hampered by the variation in volume of the chambers delimited by fixed and mobile parts.
  • the permanent magnet 36 tends to be applied against the soft iron carcass 26 and maintains the shutter 32 on its seat 20, the force exerted by the magnet being transmitted by the spacer 38 and the core 34.
  • the electromagnetic force exerted on the core 34 can be maximum when the crew is in the fully open position, which reduces the risk of separation of the core, for example under the action of shocks or vibrations.
  • a solenoid valve according to the invention can also be constituted so as to be open, and not closed, at rest.
  • Figure 4 shows a solenoid valve with the same general constitution as that of Figure 1, except that the magnet 36 a is integral with the shutter 32 while the soft iron core 34 a is placed at the rear of the electromagnet.
  • the core 34 a and the spacer 38 have a length such that a gap e of a few tenths of a millimeter remains between the permanent magnet 36 a and the soft iron carcass 26 when the core 34 a is in abutment against the cover 40 .
  • the source of direct current supplying the winding 24 has a polarity such that at the end of the carcass 26 opposite the permanent magnet 36a, a pole of the same nature as that which is opposite is formed. For example, in the case illustrated in FIG. 4, where the permanent magnet 36 a has a south pole facing the carcass 26, the direction of the current in the coil 24 must be such that a south pole is formed opposite the permanent magnet 36 a .
  • the force exerted by the core 34 a is still maximum when the moving element reaches the position towards which the core drives it. To this force is added that due to the repulsion between poles of the same name of the carcass 26 and the permanent magnet 36 a . To a certain extent, the progressive increase in the force exerted by the core 34 a as the air gap is reduced compensates for the progressive reduction in the repulsive force exerted on the permanent magnet 36 a .
  • the invention is susceptible of numerous variant embodiments.
  • the soft iron core, or a ferromagnetic material having similar properties, and the permanent magnet could have different forms from those which have been represented and could in particular have the same form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elektroventil mit einem Gehäuse (10), das einen Elektromagnet mit einer Wicklung (24) für die Steuerung enthält und in dem ein Kanal ausgebildet ist, der durch einen Sitz (20) zur Aufnahme eines Verschlußglieds (32) begrenzt ist, und mit einem beweglichen Organ, bestehend aus dem Verschlußglied (32), einem Dauermagnet (36; 36a) und einem Kern (34; 34a) aus weichem ferromagnetischem Material, wobei der Kern (34, 34a) und der Dauermagnet (36; 36a) durch ein Zwischentück (38) verbunden und im wesentlichen beiderseits des Elektromagnets (24) in der Verschiebungsrichtung des beweglichen Organs angeordnet sind, das im Gehäuse (10) zwischen zwei Stellungen verschiebbar ist, von denen die eine durch die Anlage des Verschlußglieds (32) am Sitz (40) definiert ist, wobei das bewegliche Organ durch den Dauermagnet (36; 36a) in einer erten oder Ruhestellung gehalten wird, wenn die Wicklung (24) des Elektromagnets nicht gespeist wird, und in eine zweite, aktive Stellung verschoben wird, wenn die Wicklung (24) gespeist wird, wobei der magnetische Kreis mit dem Dauermagnet (36; 36a) und der magnetische Kreis mit dem Elektromagnet und dem Kern (34; 34a) auch einen feststehenden ringförmigen Körper (26) aufweisen, der im Gehäuse (10) eingebaut ist und vom Zwischenstück (38) durchquert wird, wobei die Anordnung derart betrieben wird, daß in der aktiven Stellung der Spalt zwischen dem Kern (34; 34a) und dem Körper (26) des magnetischen Kreises mit dem Elektromagnet und dem Kern (34; 34a) ein Minimum ist, während der Spalt zwischen dem Dauermagnet (36; 36a) und dem Körper (26) des magnetischen Kreises mit dem Dauermagnet (36; 36a) ein Maximum ist, und umgekehrt in der Ruhestellung,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Zwischenstück (38) aus unmagnetischem Material zwischen dem Kern (34; 34a) und dem Dauermagnet (36; 36a) eine konstante Länge hat und derart gewählt ist, daß in Anbetracht des Abstands zwischen dem Sitz (20) und einem das Gehäuse (10) schließenden Deckel (40) zur Begrenzung der Verschiebung des beweglichen Organs die Spalte (e) zwischen dem Danermagnet (36; 36a) und dem entsprechenden Körper (26) in Ruhestellung und zwischen dem Kern (34; 34a) und dem entsprechenden Körper (26) in aktiver Stellung minimale Spalte, jedoch nicht gleich Null sind, und
    daß das bewegliche Organ in der aktiven Stellung gehalten wird, solang die Wicklung (24) des Elektromagnets gespeist wird, und durch den Dauermagnet von der aktiven Stellung in die Ruhestellung zurückgestellt wird, sobald die Wicklung (24) nicht mehr gespeist wird.
  2. Elektroventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zwischenstück (38) mit dem Dauermagnet (36; 36a) und mit dem Kern (34; 34a) eine einfache Anlageverbindung hat.
  3. Elektroventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zwischenstück (38) am Dauermagnet (36; 36a) und/oder am Kern (34; 34a) befestigt ist.
  4. Elektroventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der feststehende Körper (26) aus weichem ferromagnetischem Material besteht und in der Wicklung (24) um das Zwischenstück (38) herum angeordnet ist und gleichzeitig zu den magnetischen Kreisen gehört, von denen der eine den Elektromagnet und den Kern (34; 34a) und der andere den Dauermagnet (36; 36a) enthält.
  5. Elektroventil nach einem der Anspsrüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Speisung des Elektromagnets in der Wicklung (24) Gleichstrom in einer solchen Richtung fließt, daß der Pol, der an dem dem Dauermagnet (36;36a) benachbarten Ende des Körpers (26) erzeugt wird, von gleicher Art ist wie der Pol gegenüber dem axial magnetisierten Dauermagnet (36; 36a).
  6. Elektroventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verschlußglied (32) unmittelbar am Dauermagnet (36a) befestigt ist.
  7. Elektromagnet nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verschlußglied (32) unmittelbar am Kern (34) befestigt ist.
EP19900402585 1989-09-22 1990-09-19 Elektromagnetventil mit Dauermagnet Expired - Lifetime EP0419352B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8912487A FR2652402B1 (fr) 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 Electrovanne a aimant permanent.
FR8912487 1989-09-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0419352A1 EP0419352A1 (de) 1991-03-27
EP0419352B1 true EP0419352B1 (de) 1994-03-30

Family

ID=9385773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900402585 Expired - Lifetime EP0419352B1 (de) 1989-09-22 1990-09-19 Elektromagnetventil mit Dauermagnet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0419352B1 (de)
BR (1) BR9004843A (de)
DE (1) DE69007725T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2652402B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19716041C2 (de) * 1997-04-17 1999-11-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil
IT1304369B1 (it) * 1998-05-06 2001-03-15 O M T Ohg Torino S P A Attuatore elettromagnetico ultrarapido privo di molle.
CN108019553A (zh) * 2018-01-12 2018-05-11 西华大学 一种电磁空气阀

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1267924B (de) * 1966-11-05 1968-05-09 Erich Herion Elektromagnetisch durch einen Impuls betaetigbares Ventil
GB1591471A (en) * 1977-06-18 1981-06-24 Hart J C H Electromagnetic actuators
JPS61144005A (ja) * 1984-12-17 1986-07-01 Shinichi Watanabe ストロ−ク調整出来る自己保持型両引きソレノイド
GB8806272D0 (en) * 1988-03-16 1988-04-13 Eaton Sa Monaco Two position valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9004843A (pt) 1991-09-10
FR2652402A1 (fr) 1991-03-29
FR2652402B1 (fr) 1992-01-24
DE69007725T2 (de) 1994-07-14
EP0419352A1 (de) 1991-03-27
DE69007725D1 (de) 1994-05-05

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