EP0415953B1 - Spiral escalator - Google Patents

Spiral escalator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0415953B1
EP0415953B1 EP89905056A EP89905056A EP0415953B1 EP 0415953 B1 EP0415953 B1 EP 0415953B1 EP 89905056 A EP89905056 A EP 89905056A EP 89905056 A EP89905056 A EP 89905056A EP 0415953 B1 EP0415953 B1 EP 0415953B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
stairs
escalator according
steps
escalator
guiding
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EP89905056A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0415953A1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Pahl
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Khp Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co KG
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Khp Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B21/00Kinds or types of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B21/02Escalators
    • B66B21/06Escalators spiral type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an escalator, which is guided in the manner of a spiral staircase, with a plurality of movable stair steps which are designed in the shape of a sector of a circle and run on at least one stationary, helical guide, a vertical center column which is arranged in the center of the stair area, a coupling device arranged in the circumferential area of the center column for holding and guiding the narrow inner side ends of the steps, and a drive for moving the steps, with which at least the coupling device of the center column can be driven in the direction of rotation about the vertical column axis.
  • the center column is rotatably mounted and provided with longitudinally extending guides with which the radially inner ends of the steps are constantly in clutch engagement.
  • a stationary guide is provided at a distance from it, on which the radially outer ends of the steps run.
  • the endless guide is circular and has a helically rising part and a helically falling part, that is to say that the guide is self-contained.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an escalator that can be accommodated in a confined space without losing any of the advantages of the known escalators.
  • this object is achieved in that the steps are connected to one another in an endless chain, in that only the wide, outer side ends of the steps are coupled with the respective adjacent side ends of the adjacent steps via connecting elements which pivot the steps relative to one another approximately vertical axis and also allow an approximately vertical displacement of the steps relative to one another, and that the steps are detachable from the coupling device with which the inner side ends of the steps are held.
  • the spiral escalator according to the invention can be carried out in a confined space over any height by running the stair steps around the respective central column as often as desired.
  • the spiral escalator according to the invention can be designed as a simple step up or as a simple step down. In this case, the empty run is guided through the correspondingly designed interior of the center column in a space-saving manner.
  • An upstairs staircase is preferably combined with a downstairs staircase, the staircase steps of both Stairs form the endless chain. Only one drive is required for both stairs, each with a separate center column.
  • the two center pillars of the up and down stairs are suitably arranged close together, so that the the chain formed by the individual steps can be kept relatively short.
  • Such a double staircase can be designed as a compact unit that can be attached to buildings as a tower on the outside. Subsequent installation of such a unit is easily possible.
  • Such tower-like units can also be easily guided over several floors.
  • spiral escalator according to the invention is particularly suitable for single-family houses, for road overpasses or underpasses, which are to be created in particular in the area of narrow sidewalks, on exhibition stands etc., in particular in view of their small space requirement and low price.
  • the spiral escalator can be adapted to any floor height.
  • the steps expediently have a box-shaped structure, so that on the one hand they are self-supporting and on the other hand they cover the vertical area between the steps in order to avoid a risk of pinching for the user.
  • the connecting elements provided on the wide side ends of the stair treads can each consist of a vertical guide pin provided on one stair step and a sliding claw arranged on the other stair step and encompassing the guide pin by more than 180 °. Such a connection offers both the possibility of a rotation and a vertical displacement of the steps relative to one another.
  • support rollers with about very wide stairs are preferred horizontal axes of rotation provided, which run on the stationary helical guide. With the help of these support rollers, the steps in the lifting area are kept horizontal.
  • additional guide rollers with approximately vertical axes can be provided on the outer, wide side ends of the steps, which rest on at least one side guide. These guide rollers are used in particular to guide the stairs in the plane.
  • further support rollers can be provided under the middle area of the steps, which rest on corresponding guideways at least in the acceleration and deceleration areas and in horizontal areas.
  • a comb toothing is expediently provided on the vertical step walls between adjacent stair steps, as a result of which the orientation of the steps is positively influenced relative to one another, as a result of which the safety against possible pinching is positively influenced.
  • an additional circular comb toothing can be provided on the treads of the steps.
  • extendable support bars are preferably provided for very wide stairs a little below the treads, on which the underside of the higher step is supported in the stair area during the upward or downward movement. This construction results in a stable staircase.
  • the coupling device which serves to hold and guide the inner side ends of the steps can be fastened to the central column, the central column being drivable and thereby simultaneously forming the drive for the spiral escalator.
  • the drive of the center column can attack at its upper or lower end.
  • the column coupling device can be formed by vertical guide rods or other corresponding guides which are arranged evenly around the circumference of the column at intervals of the steps, the steps having an open claw at their narrow side ends, which in the case of the upward stairs from below and can be threaded onto the associated guide rod or guide from the top of the down stairs.
  • the center column can also be arranged in a stationary manner and have a helical guide slot corresponding to the slope of the stairs, a rotatable drive spindle with worm threads or helical drive rails running counter to the guide slot being arranged in the interior of the center column.
  • a driver that extends through the guide slot and interacts with the respective worm gear or the respective drive rail can be arranged.
  • a hydraulically or pneumatically operating crawl lifting mechanism acting directly on the individual stages can also be used as the drive Foot of the center column may be provided.
  • the steps can be divided in two across their width, with only the outer parts of the steps in the entry and exit areas being provided with acceleration and deceleration sections with the aid of corresponding lifting curves.
  • People who want to be transported over several floors choose the inner staircase area, which carries out a continuous lifting movement between the individual floors.
  • To exit the stairs switch to the outer area of the stairs and leave it in its delay area.
  • the spiral escalator according to the invention can also be made at least partially in plastic, so that a variety of design and color options are available. Tubes or double tubes made of metal or plastic can be used as the outer boundary of the stairs. To attach the spiral escalator to an outer or inner facade, Plexiglas is suitable as the material for the outer tube, so that the user can look outside.
  • the right spindle is assigned to an upstairs step 5 and the left spindle to a downstairs step 6.
  • a common drive motor 7 is provided, which is installed below the level of the lower platform 4.
  • the spindles 2 consist of rotatable tubes 9, which are mounted on stationary guides and are driven by chain drives 8 by the common motor 7.
  • tread surface or the floor plan are approximately in the shape of a sector of a circle, although the tip is recessed with respect to the central tube 9.
  • a coupling device formed from round rods 12a serves as the inner holder and guide for the stair steps 13.
  • the round bars 12a which are arranged vertically, are fixed to the tube 9.
  • the inner side ends of the steps 13 have open ball bushings 12b which overlap the round bars 12a. In the entry areas, the ball bushings 12b are threaded onto the respective upper or lower ends of the round bars 12a and are separated from the round bars in the exit areas.
  • Radially arranged guide rollers 17 are provided on the outer, broad side ends of each step 13, which engage in corresponding guide grooves of the side walls or run on helical cam tracks. These horizontal guide rollers are used to keep the step horizontally.
  • At least one guide roller 18 with a vertical axis of rotation is arranged in the outer region of each step, which serves in particular to guide the step in the plane.
  • rotary connections which also offer a vertical displacement possibility.
  • these rotary connections each consist of a vertical bolt 20 and an open bolt guide 19 which is rotatably seated on the bolt 20.
  • the guide 19 can slide on the bolt 20 in the vertical direction.
  • a support bar 16 with sliding drive is provided on the front and rear.
  • the support bars 16 are extended and serve as a support for the next higher step.
  • the sliding drive of the outrigger is controlled via a stroke curve.
  • a handle 14 can be provided on each step in the inner and / or outer area, which extends upward from the step surface.
  • the handles 14 can form a continuous handle bar from level to level.
  • the mode of operation of the escalator described is illustrated in FIG. 8 on the basis of the developments and the top view.
  • the individual steps 13 run, as shown in the plan view in FIG. 2, tangentially in the direction of the rotatable tube 9. In this horizontal position, the individual stages 13 are driven via the outer connecting joints, with which all the stages are connected to form an endless chain.
  • step 3 is just aligned with the associated round bar 12a. If this step No. 3 is slightly raised by the curve guidance, the ball bushing 12b automatically threads onto the lower end of the round bar 12a and is held, guided and driven by the round bar and then automatically reaches positions Nos. 4, 5 and follow until they are at the top of the platform at the top the round rod 12a releases and merges into the flat guide.
  • FIG. 9 of the drawing details of the stair steps 13 are illustrated, in particular a circular comb toothing 21 of the step surface and a comb toothing 22 on the respective stair wall.
  • Fig. 10 another embodiment of the drive of the stairs is shown.
  • the stair treads 23, in particular their inner side ends, are adapted accordingly to the modified drive.
  • the center spindle consists of a stationary outer tube 25 which has a helical guide slot 24b corresponding to the slope of the spiral staircase.
  • Guide rollers 24a which are mounted on projections of the stair treads 23, run in the guide slot 24b.
  • the projections engage deeply into the interior of the stationary outer tube 25 and meet an inner drive tube 27, which is provided with a curved guide 28 running in the opposite direction to the guide slot 24b, with a separate curved guide 28 being assigned to each individual step 23.
  • guide rollers 24c are also provided, which run in guides arranged on the outer wall of the stationary tube 25.
  • ball rollers 26 are provided on each step 23, which roll along the inner wall and outer wall of the stationary outer tube and ensure reliable guidance of each individual step 23.

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  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)

Abstract

A spiral escalator resembling a spiral staircase comprises a plurality of mobile steps which turn along a guide and are interconnected to form an endless chain. The steps are shaped like the sectors of a circle, only the broad, outer lateral ends of the steps being coupled by connecting elements to the corresponding lateral ends of the adjacent steps. The connecting elements allow the steps to pivot relative to one another about an approximately vertical axis and to slide approximately vertically relative to one another. The steps move in the region of the escalator on at least one stationary, spiral guide. A central vertical pillar (2) is arranged at the centre of the region of the escalator. A coupling device mounted on the periphery of the pillar releasably holds and guides the narrow, inner lateral ends of the steps. At least the coupling device of the pillar (2) can be rotated about the vertical axis of the pillar.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rolltreppe, die nach Art einer Wendeltreppe geführt ist, mit einer Vielzahl von beweglichen Treppenstufen, die in ihrem Grundriß kreissektorförmig ausgebildet sind und auf mindestens einer stationären, wendelförmigen Führung laufen, einer vertikalen Mittelsäule, die im Zentrum des Treppenbereichs angeordnet ist, einer im Umfangsbereich der Mittelsäule angeordneten Kupplungsvorrichtung zur Halterung und Führung der schmalen, inneren Seitenenden der Treppenstufen, sowie einem Antrieb zum Bewegen der Treppenstufen, mit dem zumindest die Kupplungsvorrichtung der Mittelsäule um die vertikale Säulenachse in Drehrichtung antreibbar ist.The invention relates to an escalator, which is guided in the manner of a spiral staircase, with a plurality of movable stair steps which are designed in the shape of a sector of a circle and run on at least one stationary, helical guide, a vertical center column which is arranged in the center of the stair area, a coupling device arranged in the circumferential area of the center column for holding and guiding the narrow inner side ends of the steps, and a drive for moving the steps, with which at least the coupling device of the center column can be driven in the direction of rotation about the vertical column axis.

Bei einer bekannten Wendelrolltreppe der genannten Art (DE-A-33 01 397) ist die Mittelsäule drehbar gelagert und mit in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Führungen versehen, mit denen die radial innenliegenden Enden der Treppenstufen ständig in Kupplungseingriff stehen. Rund um die Mittelsäule ist im Abstand zu dieser eine stationäre Führung vorgesehen, auf der die radial äußeren Enden der Treppenstufen laufen. In Horizontalprojektion ist die endlose Führung kreisförmig und weist einen schraubenlinig ansteigenden Teil sowie einen schraubenlinig abfallenden Teil auf, das heißt, daß die Führung in sich geschlossen ist. Bei einem Umlauf einer einzelnen Treppenstufe um 360° führt diese einzelne Treppenstufe einen Aufwärtshub und einen Abwärtshub aus. Die einzelnen Treppenstufen sind über Führungsrollen gegeneinander und an den vertikalen Führungen der Mittelsäule abgestützt.In a known spiral escalator of the type mentioned (DE-A-33 01 397), the center column is rotatably mounted and provided with longitudinally extending guides with which the radially inner ends of the steps are constantly in clutch engagement. Around the center column, a stationary guide is provided at a distance from it, on which the radially outer ends of the steps run. In horizontal projection, the endless guide is circular and has a helically rising part and a helically falling part, that is to say that the guide is self-contained. When a single stair step rotates through 360 °, this single stair step performs an upward stroke and a downward stroke. The individual steps are supported against each other by guide rollers and on the vertical guides of the center column.

Im Mittel stehen für die Aufwärts- und Abwärtsbewegung also nur ca. 180° Drehwinkel zur Verfügung. Bei den derzeit gültigen Baunormen in Bezug auf die Treppenstufenhöhen muß also die Mittelsäule, wenn die Rolltreppe mindestens eine Etage Überwinden soll, zwangsläufig einen Durchmesser von mehreren Metern aufweisen. Für den Einbau einer solchen bekannten Wendeltreppe ist also ein erheblicher Platzbedarf erforderlich.On average, there is only a rotation angle of approx. 180 ° available for the upward and downward movement. With the currently applicable building standards in relation to the stair heights If the escalator is to climb at least one floor, the center column must necessarily have a diameter of several meters. A considerable amount of space is therefore required to install such a known spiral staircase.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rolltreppe zu schaffen, die auf engstem Raum Platz findet, ohne daß irgendwelche Vorteile der bekannten Rolltreppen eingebüßt werden.The invention has for its object to provide an escalator that can be accommodated in a confined space without losing any of the advantages of the known escalators.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Treppenstufen zu einer endlosen Kette miteinander verbunden sind, daß nur die breiten, äußeren Seitenenden der Treppenstufen mit den jeweiligen angrenzenden Seitenenden der benachbarten Treppenstufen über Verbindungselemente miteinander gekuppelt sind, die eine Schwenkung der Treppenstufen relativ zueinander um eine etwa vertikale Achse und ferner eine etwa vertikale Verschiebung der Treppenstufen relativ zueinander ermöglichen, und daß die Treppenstufen von der Kupplungsvorrichtung, mit der die inneren Seitenenden der Treppenstufen gehaltert sind, lösbar sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the steps are connected to one another in an endless chain, in that only the wide, outer side ends of the steps are coupled with the respective adjacent side ends of the adjacent steps via connecting elements which pivot the steps relative to one another approximately vertical axis and also allow an approximately vertical displacement of the steps relative to one another, and that the steps are detachable from the coupling device with which the inner side ends of the steps are held.

Die erfindungsgemäße Wendelrolltreppe läßt sich auf engstem Raum über eine beliebige Höhe führen, indem die Treppenstufen beliebig oft um die jeweilige Mittelsäule herumlaufen.The spiral escalator according to the invention can be carried out in a confined space over any height by running the stair steps around the respective central column as often as desired.

Die erfindungsgemäße Wendelrolltreppe kann als einfache Aufwärtstreppe oder auch als einfache Abwärtstreppe ausgebildet sein. Das Leertrum wird in diesem Falle platzsparend durch den entsprechend ausgebildeten Innenraum der Mittelsäule geführt.The spiral escalator according to the invention can be designed as a simple step up or as a simple step down. In this case, the empty run is guided through the correspondingly designed interior of the center column in a space-saving manner.

Vorzugsweise ist eine Aufwärtstreppe mit einer Abwärtstreppe kombiniert, wobei die Treppenstufen beider Treppen die endlose Kette bilden. Für beide Treppen, die jeweils eine gesonderte Mittelsäule aufweisen, ist nur ein einziger Antrieb erforderlich.An upstairs staircase is preferably combined with a downstairs staircase, the staircase steps of both Stairs form the endless chain. Only one drive is required for both stairs, each with a separate center column.

Die beiden Mittelsäulen der Aufwärts- und Abwärtstreppe sind zweckmäßig nah beieinander angeordnet, so daß die aus den einzelnen Treppenstufen gebildete Kette verhältnismäßig kurz gehalten werden kann. Eine solche Doppeltreppe kann als kompakte Einheit ausgebildet sein, die sich als Turm außen an Gebäuden anbauen läßt. Eine nachträgliche Montage einer solchen Einheit ist ohne weiteres möglich. Die Führung solcher turmartigen Einheiten kann auch ohne weiteres über mehrere Etagen erfolgen.The two center pillars of the up and down stairs are suitably arranged close together, so that the the chain formed by the individual steps can be kept relatively short. Such a double staircase can be designed as a compact unit that can be attached to buildings as a tower on the outside. Subsequent installation of such a unit is easily possible. Such tower-like units can also be easily guided over several floors.

Darüber hinaus eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Wendelrolltreppe insbesondere im Hinblick auf ihren geringen Platzbedarf und niedrigen Preis auch für Einfamilienhäuser, für Straßenüber- oder Unterführungen, die insbesondere im Bereich enger Gehsteige erstellt werden sollen, auf Messeständen usw..In addition, the spiral escalator according to the invention is particularly suitable for single-family houses, for road overpasses or underpasses, which are to be created in particular in the area of narrow sidewalks, on exhibition stands etc., in particular in view of their small space requirement and low price.

Durch Variation der Stufenhöhe und/oder Wendelsteigung läßt sich die Wendelrolltreppe an jede beliebige Geschoßhöhe anpassen.By varying the step height and / or spiral pitch, the spiral escalator can be adapted to any floor height.

Die Stufen weisen zweckmäßig einen kastenförmigen Aufbau auf, so daß sie einerseits selbsttragend sind und andererseits den vertikalen Bereich zwischen den Stufen überdecken, um dadurch eine Klemmgefahr für den Benutzer zu vermeiden.The steps expediently have a box-shaped structure, so that on the one hand they are self-supporting and on the other hand they cover the vertical area between the steps in order to avoid a risk of pinching for the user.

Die an den breiten Seitenenden der Treppenstufen vorgesehenen Verbindungselemente können aus je einem an der einen Treppenstufe vorgesehenen vertikalen Führungsbolzen und je einer an der anderen Treppenstufe angeordneten, den Führungsbolzen um mehr als 180° umgreifenden Gleitklaue bestehen. Eine solche Verbindung bietet sowohl die Möglichkeit einer Verdrehung als auch einer vertikalen Verschiebung der Stufen relativ zueinander.The connecting elements provided on the wide side ends of the stair treads can each consist of a vertical guide pin provided on one stair step and a sliding claw arranged on the other stair step and encompassing the guide pin by more than 180 °. Such a connection offers both the possibility of a rotation and a vertical displacement of the steps relative to one another.

An den äußeren, breiten Seitenenden der Treppenstufen sind vorzugsweise bei sehr breiten Treppen Stützrollen mit etwa horizontalen Drehachsen vorgesehen, die auf der stationären wendelförmigen Führung laufen. Mit Hilfe dieser Stützrollen werden die Stufen im Hubbereich in der Horizontalen gehalten.On the outer, wide side ends of the steps, support rollers with about very wide stairs are preferred horizontal axes of rotation provided, which run on the stationary helical guide. With the help of these support rollers, the steps in the lifting area are kept horizontal.

Ferner können an den äußeren, breiten Seitenenden der Treppenstufen zusätzliche Führungsrollen mit etwa vertikalen Achsen vorgsehen sein, die an mindestens einer Seitenführung anliegen. Diese Führungsrollen dienen insbesondere zur Führung der Treppenstufen in der Ebene.Furthermore, additional guide rollers with approximately vertical axes can be provided on the outer, wide side ends of the steps, which rest on at least one side guide. These guide rollers are used in particular to guide the stairs in the plane.

Darüber hinaus können unter dem mittleren Bereich der Treppenstufen weitere Abstützrollen vorgesehen sein, die zumindest in den Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungsbereichen sowie in horizontalen Bereichen auf entsprechenden Führungsbahnen aufliegen.In addition, further support rollers can be provided under the middle area of the steps, which rest on corresponding guideways at least in the acceleration and deceleration areas and in horizontal areas.

Zwischen benachbarten Treppenstufen ist zweckmäßig eine Kammverzahnung an den vertikalen Stufenwänden vorgesehen, wodurch die Ausrichtung der Stufen relativ zueinander positiv beeinflußt wird, wodurch die Sicherheit gegenüber möglichem Einklemmen positiv beeinflußt wird.A comb toothing is expediently provided on the vertical step walls between adjacent stair steps, as a result of which the orientation of the steps is positively influenced relative to one another, as a result of which the safety against possible pinching is positively influenced.

Darüber hinaus kann auf den Trittflächen der Stufen eine zusätzliche Kreisbogen-Kammverzahnung vorgesehen sein.In addition, an additional circular comb toothing can be provided on the treads of the steps.

An den Vorderseiten und Rückseiten der Treppenstufen sind vorzugsweise bei sehr breiten Treppen etwas unterhalb der Trittflächen ausfahrbare Abstützriegel vorgesehen, auf denen sich im Treppenbereich während der Aufwärts- oder Abwärtsbewegung die jeweils höhere Stufe mit ihrer Unterseite abstützt. Durch diese Konstruktion wird eine stabile Treppenführung erzielt.On the front and rear sides of the stair treads, extendable support bars are preferably provided for very wide stairs a little below the treads, on which the underside of the higher step is supported in the stair area during the upward or downward movement. This construction results in a stable staircase.

Auf gesonderte Handlaufleisten, die in der Regel einen eigenen zusätzlichen Antrieb benötigen, kann unter Umständen völlig verzichtet werden. Statt dessen können Haltegriffe vorgesehen sein, die fest auf dem äußeren und/oder inneren Rand der Trittfläche jeder Treppenstufe montiert sind.Separate handrail strips, which usually require their own additional drive, can be completely dispensed with under certain circumstances. Instead, grab handles be provided, which are fixedly mounted on the outer and / or inner edge of the tread of each step.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Wendelrolltreppe kann die zur Halterung und Führung der inneren Seitenenden der Treppenstufen dienende Kupplungsvorrichtung an der Mittelsäule befestigt sein, wobei die Mittelsäule antreibbar ist und dadurch gleichzeitig den Antrieb für die Wendelrolltreppe bildet. Der Antrieb der Mittelsäule kann dabei an deren oberen oder unteren Ende angreifen.In a preferred embodiment of the spiral escalator, the coupling device which serves to hold and guide the inner side ends of the steps can be fastened to the central column, the central column being drivable and thereby simultaneously forming the drive for the spiral escalator. The drive of the center column can attack at its upper or lower end.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform kann die Säulenkupplungsvorrichtung durch vertikale Führungsstangen oder andere entsprechende Führungen gebildet sein, die in Abständen der Treppenstufen gleichmäßig um den Umfang der Säule angeordnet sind, wobei die Treppenstufen an ihrem schmalen Seitenende je eine offene Klaue aufweisen, die bei der Aufwärtstreppe von unten und bei der Abwärtstreppe von oben auf die jeweilige zugeordnete Führungsstange oder Führung auffädelbar ist.In this embodiment, the column coupling device can be formed by vertical guide rods or other corresponding guides which are arranged evenly around the circumference of the column at intervals of the steps, the steps having an open claw at their narrow side ends, which in the case of the upward stairs from below and can be threaded onto the associated guide rod or guide from the top of the down stairs.

Alternativ kann die Mittelsäule auch stationär angeordnet sein und einen der Steigung der Treppe entsprechenden schraubenlinienförmigen Führungsschlitz aufweisen, wobei im Inneren der Mittelsäule eine drehbare Antriebsspindel mit gegenläufig zu dem Führungsschlitz verlaufenden Schneckengängen oder schraubenlinienförmigen Antriebsschienen angeordnet ist. An dem schmalen Seitenende jeder Treppenstufe kann dabei je ein durch den Führungsschlitz hindurchgreifender, mit dem jeweiligen Schneckengang bzw. der jeweiligen Antriebsschiene zusammenwirkender Mitnehmer angeordnet sein.Alternatively, the center column can also be arranged in a stationary manner and have a helical guide slot corresponding to the slope of the stairs, a rotatable drive spindle with worm threads or helical drive rails running counter to the guide slot being arranged in the interior of the center column. At the narrow side end of each stair step, a driver that extends through the guide slot and interacts with the respective worm gear or the respective drive rail can be arranged.

Nach einer anderen Ausführungsform kann als Antrieb auch ein unmittelbar auf die einzelnen Stufen wirkendes hydraulisch oder pneumatisch arbeitendes Pilgerschritt-Hubwerk am Fuß der Mittelsäule vorgesehen sein.According to another embodiment, a hydraulically or pneumatically operating pilgrim lifting mechanism acting directly on the individual stages can also be used as the drive Foot of the center column may be provided.

Bei Wendelrolltreppen, die zur Verbindung von mehr als zwei Geschossen vorgesehen sind, können die Treppenstufen über ihre Breite zweigeteilt ausgebildet sein, wobei nur die äußeren Treppenstufenteile in den Einstiegs- und Ausstiegsbereichen mit Hilfe entsprechender Hubkurven mit Beschleunigungs- und Verzögerungsabschnitten versehen sind. Personen, die sich über mehrere Geschosse transportieren lassen möchten, wählen dabei den inneren Treppenbereich, der zwischen den einzelnen Geschossen eine kontinuierliche Hubbewegung ausführt. Zum Verlassen der Treppe wechselt man dann auf den äußeren Treppenbereich über und verläßt diesen in seinem Verzögerungsbereich.In spiral escalators, which are intended to connect more than two floors, the steps can be divided in two across their width, with only the outer parts of the steps in the entry and exit areas being provided with acceleration and deceleration sections with the aid of corresponding lifting curves. People who want to be transported over several floors choose the inner staircase area, which carries out a continuous lifting movement between the individual floors. To exit the stairs, switch to the outer area of the stairs and leave it in its delay area.

Die erfindungsgemäße Wendelrolltreppe läßt sich im Hinblick auf ihre relativ einfache Konstruktion zumindest teilweise auch in Kunststoff ausführen, so daß sich vielfältige konstruktive und farbliche Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten bieten. Als äußere Begrenzung der Treppe können Röhren bzw. Doppelröhren aus Metall oder Kunststoff verwendet werden. Für den Anbau der Wendelrolltreppe an eine äußere oder innere Fassade eignet sich als Material für die äußere Röhre Plexiglas, so daß der Benutzer nach draußen schauen kann.With regard to its relatively simple construction, the spiral escalator according to the invention can also be made at least partially in plastic, so that a variety of design and color options are available. Tubes or double tubes made of metal or plastic can be used as the outer boundary of the stairs. To attach the spiral escalator to an outer or inner facade, Plexiglas is suitable as the material for the outer tube, so that the user can look outside.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung beispielsweise veranschaulicht und im nachstehenden im einzelnen anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 die Seitenansicht einer kombinierten Aufwärts- und Abwärtstreppe,
  • Fig. 2 den Schnitt II-II aus Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch die Wendelrolltreppe gemäß Fig. 1 in Höhe eines Zwischenpodestes,
  • Fig. 4 den Schnitt IV-IV aus Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 5 eine einzelne Treppenstufe in Seitenansicht und Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 6 den Schnitt VI-VI aus Fig. 5,
  • Fig. 7 die Ansicht VII aus Fig. 5
  • Fig. 8 zwei Abwicklungen von Wendelrolltreppen mit verschiedenen Radien in der Nähe eines Anfangs- bzw. Endbereiches der Treppe,
  • Fig. 9 Einzelheiten des Verbindungsbereichs zweier Treppenstufen und
  • Fig. 10 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Spindelantrieb.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing, for example, and described in detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a side view of a combined up and down stairs,
  • 2 shows the section II-II from FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section through the spiral escalator according to FIG. 1 at the level of an intermediate platform,
  • 4 shows the section IV-IV from FIG. 1,
  • 5 is a single step in side view and top view,
  • 6 shows the section VI-VI from FIG. 5,
  • 7 is view VII from FIG. 5
  • 8 two developments of spiral escalators with different radii in the vicinity of a start or end area of the stairs,
  • Fig. 9 details of the connecting area of two steps and
  • Fig. 10 shows an embodiment for a spindle drive.

In Fig. 1 bis 4 der Zeichnung ist eine Wendelrolltreppe 1 mit zwei Treppenspindeln 2 dargestellt. Die Einheit ist von einem feststehenden Geländer 3 umgeben. Ein- und Ausstieg erfolgen in Höhe eines unteren Podestes 4 sowie eines oberen Podestes 10. Selbstverständlich können auch, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, beliebige Zwischenpodeste 11 vorgesehen sein.1 to 4 of the drawing, a spiral escalator 1 with two stair spindles 2 is shown. The unit is surrounded by a fixed railing 3. Entry and exit take place at the level of a lower platform 4 and an upper platform 10. Of course, as shown in FIG. 3, any intermediate platforms 11 can also be provided.

Die rechte Spindel ist einer Aufwärtstreppe 5 und die linke Spindel einer Abwärtstreppe 6 zugeordnet.The right spindle is assigned to an upstairs step 5 and the left spindle to a downstairs step 6.

Für beide Spindeln 2 ist ein gemeinsamer Antriebsmotor 7 vorgesehen, der unterhalb des Niveaus des unteren Podestes 4 installiert ist. Die Spindeln 2 bestehen aus drehbaren Rohren 9, die auf stationären Führungen gelagert sind und über Kettentriebe 8 durch den gemeinsamen Motor 7 angetrieben werden.For both spindles 2, a common drive motor 7 is provided, which is installed below the level of the lower platform 4. The spindles 2 consist of rotatable tubes 9, which are mounted on stationary guides and are driven by chain drives 8 by the common motor 7.

In Fig. 5 und 6 ist eine einzelne Treppenstufe 13 im Detail dargestellt. Die Trittfläche bzw. der Grundriß sind etwa kreissektorförmig ausgebildet, wobei allerdings die Spitze im Hinblick auf das mittlere Rohr 9 ausgespart ist.5 and 6, a single step 13 is shown in detail. The tread surface or the floor plan are approximately in the shape of a sector of a circle, although the tip is recessed with respect to the central tube 9.

Als innere Halterung und Führung der Treppenstufen 13 dient eine aus Rundstangen 12a gebildete Kupplungsvorrichtung. Die Rundstangen 12a, die vertikal angeordnet sind, sind an dem Rohr 9 befestigt. Die inneren Seitenenden der Treppenstufen 13 weisen offene Kugelbüchsen 12b auf, die die Rundstangen 12a übergreifen. In den Einlaufbereichen werden die Kugelbüchsen 12b auf die jeweiligen oberen oder unteren Enden der Rundstangen 12a aufgefädelt und in den Auslaufbereichen wieder von den Rundstangen getrennt.A coupling device formed from round rods 12a serves as the inner holder and guide for the stair steps 13. The round bars 12a, which are arranged vertically, are fixed to the tube 9. The inner side ends of the steps 13 have open ball bushings 12b which overlap the round bars 12a. In the entry areas, the ball bushings 12b are threaded onto the respective upper or lower ends of the round bars 12a and are separated from the round bars in the exit areas.

An den äußeren, breiten Seitenenden jeder Treppenstufe 13 sind radial angeordnete Führungsrollen 17 vorgesehen, die in entsprechende Führungsnuten der Seitenwände eingreifen oder auf schraubenlinienförmig geführten Kurvenbahnen laufen. Diese horizontalen Führungsrollen dienen dazu, die Treppenstufe horizontal zu halten.Radially arranged guide rollers 17 are provided on the outer, broad side ends of each step 13, which engage in corresponding guide grooves of the side walls or run on helical cam tracks. These horizontal guide rollers are used to keep the step horizontally.

Ferner sind im äußeren Bereich jeder Treppenstufe mindestens eine Führungsrolle 18 mit vertikaler Drehachse angeordnet, die insbesondere zur Führung der Treppenstufe in der Ebene dient.Furthermore, at least one guide roller 18 with a vertical axis of rotation is arranged in the outer region of each step, which serves in particular to guide the step in the plane.

Die breiten Seitenenden der Treppenstufen 13 sind über Drehverbindungen miteinander gekuppelt, die auch eine vertikale Verschiebemöglichkeit bieten. Diese Drehverbindungen bestehen bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus je einem vertikalen Bolzen 20 sowie einer offenen Bolzenführung 19, die drehbar auf dem Bolzen 20 sitzt. Die Führung 19 kann auf dem Bolzen 20 auch in vertikaler Richtung gleiten.The wide side ends of the steps 13 are coupled to one another via rotary connections, which also offer a vertical displacement possibility. In the exemplary embodiment shown, these rotary connections each consist of a vertical bolt 20 and an open bolt guide 19 which is rotatably seated on the bolt 20. The guide 19 can slide on the bolt 20 in the vertical direction.

Im mittleren Bereich jeder Treppenstufe 13 ist an der Vorder- und Rückseite je ein Abstützriegel 16 mit Verschiebeantrieb vorgesehen. In den Aufwärts- und Abwärtsbereichen der Treppe sind die Abstützriegel 16 ausgefahren und dienen als Abstützung für die nächst höhere Treppenstufe. Der Verschiebeantrieb der Abstützriegel wird über eine Hubkurve gesteuert.In the middle of each step 13 is on the A support bar 16 with sliding drive is provided on the front and rear. In the up and down areas of the stairs, the support bars 16 are extended and serve as a support for the next higher step. The sliding drive of the outrigger is controlled via a stroke curve.

An jeder Treppenstufe kann im inneren und/oder äußeren Bereich ein Handgriff 14 vorgesehen sein, der sich von der Trittfläche aus nach oben erstreckt. Die Handgriffe 14 können von Stufe zu Stufe eine durchgehende Griffleiste bilden.A handle 14 can be provided on each step in the inner and / or outer area, which extends upward from the step surface. The handles 14 can form a continuous handle bar from level to level.

Die Funktionsweise der beschriebenen Rolltreppe ist in Fig. 8 anhand der Abwicklungen sowie der Draufsicht veranschaulicht.The mode of operation of the escalator described is illustrated in FIG. 8 on the basis of the developments and the top view.

Die einzelnen Treppenstufen 13 laufen, wie in der Draufsicht in Fig. 2 dargestellt, tangential in Richtung auf das drehbare Rohr 9 zu. In dieser horizontalen Lage erfolgt der Antrieb der einzelnen Stufen 13 über die äußeren Verbindungsgelenke, mit denen sämtliche Stufen zu einer endlosen Kette miteinander verbunden sind.The individual steps 13 run, as shown in the plan view in FIG. 2, tangentially in the direction of the rotatable tube 9. In this horizontal position, the individual stages 13 are driven via the outer connecting joints, with which all the stages are connected to form an endless chain.

Beim Heranfahren der einzelnen Treppenstufen an das drehbare Rohr 9 werden automatisch die an den inneren Seitenenden der Treppenstufen 13 vorgesehenen offenen Kugelbüchsen 12b zu den unteren Enden der Rundstangen 12a ausgerichtet, die sich beispielsweise im Bereich der unteren Einlaufebene etwas oberhalb der jeweiligen unteren Treppenstufe befinden. In Fig. 8 ist gerade die Treppenstufe Nr. 3 zu der dazugehörigen Rundstange 12a ausgerichtet. Wenn diese Stufe Nr. 3 durch die Kurvenführung etwas angehoben wird, fädelt sich automatisch die Kugelbüchse 12b auf das untere Ende der Rundstange 12a auf und wird von der Rundstange gehalten, geführt und angetrieben und gelangt dann automatisch in die Positionen Nr. 4, 5 und folgende, bis sie sich am oberen Ende in Höhe des oberen Podestes von der Rundstange 12a löst und in die ebene Führung übergeht.When approaching the individual steps to the rotatable tube 9, the open ball bushings 12b provided on the inner side ends of the steps 13 are automatically aligned with the lower ends of the round bars 12a, which are located, for example, in the area of the lower inlet level somewhat above the respective lower step. In Fig. 8, step 3 is just aligned with the associated round bar 12a. If this step No. 3 is slightly raised by the curve guidance, the ball bushing 12b automatically threads onto the lower end of the round bar 12a and is held, guided and driven by the round bar and then automatically reaches positions Nos. 4, 5 and follow until they are at the top of the platform at the top the round rod 12a releases and merges into the flat guide.

In Fig. 9 der Zeichnung sind Details der Treppenstufen 13 veranschaulicht, und zwar insbesondere eine Kreisbogen-Kammverzahnung 21 der Trittfläche sowie eine Kammverzahnung 22 an der jeweiligen Treppenstufenwand.In FIG. 9 of the drawing, details of the stair steps 13 are illustrated, in particular a circular comb toothing 21 of the step surface and a comb toothing 22 on the respective stair wall.

In Fig. 10 ist eine andere Ausführungsform des Antriebs der Treppe dargestellt. Die Treppenstufen 23, insbesondere deren innere Seitenenden, sind an den abgewandelten Antrieb entsprechend angepaßt.In Fig. 10 another embodiment of the drive of the stairs is shown. The stair treads 23, in particular their inner side ends, are adapted accordingly to the modified drive.

Die Mittelspindel besteht aus einem stationären Außenrohr 25, welches einen der Steigung der Wendeltreppe entsprechenden wendelförmigen Führungsschlitz 24b aufweist. In dem Führungsschlitz 24b laufen Führungsrollen 24a, die an Vorsprüngen der Treppenstufen 23 gelagert sind.The center spindle consists of a stationary outer tube 25 which has a helical guide slot 24b corresponding to the slope of the spiral staircase. Guide rollers 24a, which are mounted on projections of the stair treads 23, run in the guide slot 24b.

Die Vorsprünge greifen tief in das Innere des stationären Außenrohrs 25 ein und treffen auf ein inneres Antriebsrohr 27, welches mit einer gegenläufig zu dem Führungsschlitz 24b verlaufenden Kurvenführung 28 versehen ist, wobei jeder einzelnen Treppenstufe 23 eine gesonderte Kurvenführung 28 zugeordnet ist.The projections engage deeply into the interior of the stationary outer tube 25 and meet an inner drive tube 27, which is provided with a curved guide 28 running in the opposite direction to the guide slot 24b, with a separate curved guide 28 being assigned to each individual step 23.

Zur sicheren Führung der einzelnen Treppenstufen sind ferner Führungsrollen 24c vorgesehen, die in an der Außenwand des stationären Rohrs 25 angeordneten Führungen laufen.For the safe guidance of the individual steps, guide rollers 24c are also provided, which run in guides arranged on the outer wall of the stationary tube 25.

Ferner sind an jeder Treppenstufe 23 Kugelrollen 26 vorgesehen, die an der Innenwand und Außenwand des stationären Außenrohrs entlangrollen und eine zuverlässige Führung jeder einzelnen Treppenstufe 23 gewährleisten.Furthermore, ball rollers 26 are provided on each step 23, which roll along the inner wall and outer wall of the stationary outer tube and ensure reliable guidance of each individual step 23.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

1.1.
WendelrolltreppeSpiral escalator
2.2nd
TreppenspindelStair spindle
3.3rd
feststehendes Geländerfixed railing
4.4th
Podest untenPedestal below
5.5.
AufwärtstreppeUpstairs
6.6.
AbwärtstreppeDown stairs
7.7.
AntriebsmotorDrive motor
8.8th.
KettentriebChain drive
9.9.
drehbares Rohrrotatable tube
10.10th
Podest obenPedestal above
11.11.
ZwischenpodestIntermediate platform
12a12a
RundstangeRound bar
12b12b
offene Kugelbüchseopen ball rifle
13.13.
TreppenstufeStep
14.14.
HandgriffHandle
15.15.
AbstützrolleSupport roller
16.16.
Abstützriegel mit VerschiebeantriebOutrigger with slide drive
17.17th
FührungsrolleLeadership role
18.18th
FührungsrolleLeadership role
19.19th
offene Bolzenführungopen bolt guide
20.20th
Bolzenbolt
21.21st
Kreisbogen-Kammverzahnung der TrittflächeCircular comb teeth on the tread
22.22.
Kammverzahnung an der TreppenstufenwandComb teeth on the stair wall
23.23.
TreppenstufeStep
24a24a
FührungsrolleLeadership role
24b24b
FührungsschlitzGuide slot
24c24c
FührungsrolleLeadership role
25.25th
stationäres Außenrohrstationary outer tube
26.26.
KugelrolleBall roller
27.27th
inneres Antriebsrohrinner drive tube
28.28
KurvenführungCornering

Claims (18)

1. Escalator which is guided like a spiral staircase with a multitude of movable stairs (13; 23) and in their layout are formed like a sector of a circle and pass across at least one stationary, spiral-type guide, with a vertical central column, arranged in the center of the staircase area, a coupling device arranged in the peripheral area of the center column for holding and guidance of the small, inner side-ends of the stairs, as well as a drive for moving the stairs and that at least the coupling device of the column is rotatory around the vertical axis of the column, characterized in that the stairs are connected to each other in an endless chain, that only the broader, outer side-ends of the stairs are coupled with the respective adjacent side-ends of the stairs by connecting elements (19,20), wich permit pivoting of the stairs relative to each other around an approximately vertical axis and furthermore an approximately vertical shift of the stairs relative to each other, and that the stairs of the coupling device, which hold the inner side-ends of the stairs, are detachable.
2. Escalator according to claim 1, characterized in that the staircase is a simple staircase directed upwardly or downwardly.
3. Escalator according to claim 2 characterized in that the empty part of the device is guided through the internal space of the central column.
4. Escalator according to claim 1, characterized in that a specific central column is provided for the lifting area directed upwardly and the lifting area directed downwardly.
5. Escalator according to claim 4, characterized in that both central columns are arranged close to each other (distance only slightly larger that the twofold radius of the escalator).
6. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that steps (13; 23) exhibit a case-like construction.
7. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connecting elements provided at the broader, outer side-ends of the stairs (13; 23) consist each of a vertical guiding bolt (20) provided at one of the stairs and a sliding claw (19), which embraces the guiding bolt (20) by more than 180°, each arranged at the other stair.
8. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that supporting rolls (17) are provided at the broader, outer side-ends of the stairs (13; 23) with approximately horizontal axes of rotation, which pass across a stationary, spiral-like guiding.
9. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that additional guiding rolls (18) with approximately vertical axes are provided at the broader, outer side-ends of the stairs (13; 23), which rest against at least one of the side guidings.
10. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that additional supporting rolls (15) are provided below the central area of stairs (13; 23), which rest upon corresponding guiding lines at least in the areas of acceleration and delay as well as in the horizontal areas.
11. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a tooth system (22) is provided at the vertical stairwalls between adjacent stairs.
12. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a circular tooth system (21) is provided on the step surfaces of the stairs.
13. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that extendable supporting balls (16) are provided below the step surfaces at the frontsides and backsides of the stairs, whereby the respective higher stair rests with its bottom side upon these supporting balls during upward- or downward movement.
14. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that handles (14) are mounted firmly on the external and/or internal edge of the step surface of each stair.
15. Escalator according to one of the claims 1 to 4, whereby the coupling device which serves for holding and guiding of the internal side-ends of the stairs is fixed to the central column and that the central column is derivable, characterized in that the column coupling device exhibits vertical guiding bars (12a) and that the stairs (13) exhibit each an open claw (open ball case 12b) at their narrow internal side-ends, which are threadable upon the respective guiding bar (12a) at the stair directed upwardly from below and at the stair directed downwardly from above.
16. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the central column (25) is arranged stationary and exhibits a screw-like guiding slit (24a) corresponding to the gradient of the staircase, that in the interior of the central column (25) a rotary drive tube (27) is arranged with screw-flights or screw-like drive bars (28), which are counterrotating to the guiding slit (24a) and that at the smaller side-ends of each stair (23) a respective catch member may be arranged, which acts in combination with the respective screw-flight respectively the respective drive bar (28) and which acts through the guiding slit (24a).
17. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that as a drive a hoisting unit of the pilgrim step type is arranged at the foot end of the central column, which directly affects the individual stairs and which works hydraulically or pneumatically.
18. Escalator according to one of claims 1 to 17 for connecting of more than two floors, characterized in that the stairs (13; 23) are constructed in two parts across their width and that only the outer parts of the stairs in the entering and leaving area are provided with accelerating respectively delaying sections with the aid of corresponding cams.
EP89905056A 1988-05-10 1989-05-06 Spiral escalator Expired - Lifetime EP0415953B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89905056T ATE79090T1 (en) 1988-05-10 1989-05-06 SPIRAL ESCALATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3815894 1988-05-10
DE3815894 1988-05-10

Publications (2)

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EP0415953A1 EP0415953A1 (en) 1991-03-13
EP0415953B1 true EP0415953B1 (en) 1992-08-05

Family

ID=6354039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89905056A Expired - Lifetime EP0415953B1 (en) 1988-05-10 1989-05-06 Spiral escalator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5158167A (en)
EP (1) EP0415953B1 (en)
DE (1) DE58902005D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1989010890A1 (en)

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US20160257531A1 (en) * 2015-03-02 2016-09-08 Edip Yuksel System of hexagonal building units and escalators or moving walkways used therein

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JPH03138293A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-06-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Circulating round escalator
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GB0029624D0 (en) * 2000-12-05 2001-01-17 Levy John C Escalator for negotiating curves
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US9683408B2 (en) * 2014-06-16 2017-06-20 Randy Jackson Pivoting stairs
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CN105858429B (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-11-21 中国矿业大学 One kind becomes the nyctitropic continuous haulage system of the gradient and application method
US9926173B1 (en) * 2017-06-23 2018-03-27 John Richard Strieter Robotic step transfer system for connecting ascending and descending spiral escalator steps

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DE202013003089U1 (en) 2013-04-04 2013-04-24 Mark Niehüser Retractable and retractable spiral staircase for opening and closing superimposed projectiles
US20160257531A1 (en) * 2015-03-02 2016-09-08 Edip Yuksel System of hexagonal building units and escalators or moving walkways used therein
US10059568B2 (en) * 2015-03-02 2018-08-28 Edip Yuksel System of hexagonal building units and escalators or moving walkways used therein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0415953A1 (en) 1991-03-13
DE58902005D1 (en) 1992-09-10
US5158167A (en) 1992-10-27
WO1989010890A1 (en) 1989-11-16

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