EP0389401A1 - Abgas-Schalldämpfer für Kraftfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Abgas-Schalldämpfer für Kraftfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0389401A1
EP0389401A1 EP90500025A EP90500025A EP0389401A1 EP 0389401 A1 EP0389401 A1 EP 0389401A1 EP 90500025 A EP90500025 A EP 90500025A EP 90500025 A EP90500025 A EP 90500025A EP 0389401 A1 EP0389401 A1 EP 0389401A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silencer
unit
sheet
terized
charac
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90500025A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
José Maria Samarra Gracia
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0389401A1 publication Critical patent/EP0389401A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1872—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the assembly using stamp-formed parts or otherwise deformed sheet-metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/10—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling in combination with sound-absorbing materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/20—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by mechanical joints, e.g. by deforming housing, tube, baffle plate or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a silencer for automobile ex­haust systems comprising at least two adjacent tubular passages defining mutually parallel longitudinal orienta­tions, there being at least one at least partial flow re­striction in said passages.
  • An automobile engine exhaust system basically comprises a tube conveying the exhaust gases from the engine exhaust manifold to the rear of the vehicle for release to the at­mosphere. Along the tube there are placed one or more silencers having the mission of damping the sound pressure wave to achieve attenuation of the noise due to the explo­sions in the engine down to the maximum levels allowed by current regulations.
  • Automobile silencers are based on several more or less practical systems, one of the most usual being the so-cal­led absorption system consisting of a container completely or partly full of mineral wool through which one or more per­forated tubes conveying the engine exhaust gases pass, such that the sound waves contact said wool through the perfora­tions and the waves, mainly the high frequency ones, are absorbed.
  • the so-cal­led absorption system consisting of a container completely or partly full of mineral wool through which one or more per­forated tubes conveying the engine exhaust gases pass, such that the sound waves contact said wool through the perfora­tions and the waves, mainly the high frequency ones, are absorbed.
  • Another widely used system is the so-called reflection system which manages to brake the speed of the gases and, therefore, damp the sound waves by subjecting the gases to successive restrictions and expansions by way of chambers connected together by tubes, perforations, channels, etc.
  • This system has the advantage of not requiring absorbent wool, which suffers from the drawbacks of cost and duration, but is less effective acoustically and is more complex to manufacture in view of the larger number of parts required to form the successive expansion chambers.
  • This system also offers a greater resistence to the exhaust gas flow, whereby there is a higher backpressure representing a loss of engine power.
  • the invention seeks to provide a gas flow system allow­ing absorption, reflection or mixed silencers to be built with a simpler structure in comparison with the known systems and which, therefore, allows a considerable cost reduction to be obtained.
  • each tubular passage is in communication with at least one other adjacent tubular passage by way of at least one longitudinally elongate slot.
  • the automobile vehicle exhaust system silencer described comprises, in a known way, two or more adjacent tubular passages 2a, 2b, 2c defining respective longitudinal orienta­tions determined by the ideal axis of the passage (or, as the case may be, centre line) and said orientations are mutually parallel.
  • these longitudinal orientations are straight and in this case the respective axes are parallel lines.
  • the invention also relates to cases in which said tubular passages may have an elbow or curved por­tion. In the latter cases the respective centre lines are generally parallel over the straight portions thereof and are generally concentric over the curved portions thereof.
  • the silencer preferably comprises a first sheet-like structure 4 (which is the only one seen in Figure 1) and a second sheet-like structure 6, which may be formed by swaging and die stamping, which are superimposed and connected gen­erally symmetrically, forming a unit 8.
  • Both structures 4, 6 are preferably identical and the two structures when con­nected together are practically completely symmetrical.
  • Each structure 4, 6 is provided with concave portions 10, shown in Figure 3, such that when the said concave por­tions 10 of both structures are placed face to face they form the tubular passages 2a, 2b and 2c of the unit 8.
  • Each struc­ture is furthermore provided with contact areas 12, such that when the contact areas 12 of both sheet-like structures 4, 6 are superimposed and fastened together, the structures are united, forming the unit 8.
  • the fastening may effected by welding, by pins, bolts or the like and may also be effected or terminated by crimping ( Figures 7 and 9).
  • the silencer comprises at least one flow restriction for the gas flow in the longitudinal direc­tion.
  • Such restrictions may be partial or complete and hinder or prevent the longitudinal flow, causing the gases to flow laterally, due to the existence of communication arrangements adjacent tubular passages.
  • These communication arrangements are longitudinally elongate slots 14 formed by narrow spaces between facing portions 16 of both sheet-like structures.
  • the portions 16 extend between two adjacent concave portions 10.
  • the facing portions are preferably curved in cross section, the convex section of which is directed towards the corresponding facing portion, i.e. so that the convex side of the curve is close to the facing portion, forming a limit for the slot 14.
  • This configuration of the slot 14 as a space limited by two convex surfaces improves the aerodynamic behaviour of the gas flow.
  • the flow restrictions which, as stated above, may be total restrictions 18 or partial restrictions 20 (Fi­gure 1) are preferably formed by flattening the portions of the concave portions 10 against each other. These flow re­strictions 18, 20 obviously also aid in the connection between the sheet-like structures 4, 6.
  • the gases are caused to flow crosswise to the natural direction, whereby said gases are subjected to substantial lamination since they have to flow through a long relatively narrow slot 14.
  • This lami­nation of the gases has a good acoustic effect of itself and at the same time has a better behaviour relative to the back-­pressure than other flow restriction systems.
  • two or more tubular passages 2a, 2b, 2c, communicated together at the sides by slots 14 having dimensions appropriate to the engine cubic capacity form one stage of the sound damping process, since the gases flow easily through the slots 14 but the sound waves are damped.
  • the gases Once through the slot 14, the gases enter an adjacent tubular passage and undergo expansion, whereby one reduction-expansion cycle typical of a reflection system is completed. This reduction-expansion cycle is repeated sev­eral times by the system to achieve the desired damping.
  • the width of the slots 14, i.e. the distance between the portions 16 defining them, preferably lies between 1 and 6 mm. They may be substantially as long as the element 2 it­self, although there may be interruptions formed by the con­tact areas 12 of the facing portions 16; all of this further to the restriction implied by the necessary existence of a total flow restriction 18.
  • a sheet-like shell 22 in the form of a circular, oval or generally elliptical section tube, which may be formed from a tube or by bending a flat metal sheet and subsequently joining the edges, for example, by crimping 24.
  • each longitudinal edge of the unit 8 is provided with a pair of diverging fins 26, which are press-fitted against the inner surface of the sheet-like shell 22, the connection being completed, for example, by spot welding.
  • the walls of the tubular passages 2a, 2b, 2c of a unit 8 contained within a sheet-like shell 22 are preferably pro­vided with a large number of closely spaced aport perfora­tions 28.
  • Figure 1 shows only a few rows of perforations in each tubular passage wall for greater clarity of the drawing, but they extend over practically all the surface of the concave portions 10 forming the tubular passages 2a, 2b, 2c.
  • the silencer is improved, in certain cases, by the use of an absorbent material 30 filling the space between the unit 8 and the sheet-like shell 22.
  • the space may be com­pletely filled, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 6 and 7 or partial­ly filled, as shown in Figures 9 and 10. In the latter case the absorbent material completely fills half the space between the shell 22 and the unit 8.
  • the absorbent material has notable sound-proofing pro­perties and is formed by mineral wool fiber, metal swarf, porcelain or ceramic granules or other appropriate materials. With the said perforations and the absorbent material, a mixed reflection-absorption system is obtained in the silen­cer.
  • the invention also comprises a silencer as shown schematically in Figure 8, that is without absorbent material between the unit 8 and the shell 22.
  • the gas flow from one tubular passage to another through the respective perforations also notably damps the effects of the exhaust noise.
  • FIG. 1 A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 3.
  • a central tubular member 2b having a straight orientation, provided with per­forations 28 and having the end 34 thereof in communication with the engine from which it receives the gases, which are blown out through the opposite end 36.
  • a complete flow restriction 28 forming two semipassages.
  • Each of said semipassages is provided with elongate slots 14 placing each semipassage in communication with two lateral tubular passages 2a, 2c, also having a straight orientation and also provided with perforations 28.
  • the late­ral tubular passages are closed at both ends and are preferivelyably provided with respective partial flow restrictions 20, situated adjacent the complete flow restriction 18.
  • the unit 8 is connected to a corresponding shell 22 by way of the edge fins 26, there being within the shell an absorbent material 30 protected by a layer of metal fila­ments 32.
  • the gases flow­ing from the engine enter through the end 34, flow along the leading semipassage 2b and, on finding the passage blocked by the flow restriction 18, the flow through the slots 14 into the lateral tubular passages 2a and 2c. Through the latter again through the slots 14, they attain the trailing semi­passage 2b from where they flow to the outside.
  • Figure 4 shows a set of three tubular passages 2a, 2b and 2c with a gas inlet 34 through the first and exit 36 through the third, with all the remaining combinations both for the inlet and for the outlet of gases being possible.
  • the set comprises two tubular passages 2a and 2b with inlet 34 and outlet 36 in the former.
  • tubular passage 2b has a complete flow restriction 18, whereas the other two tubular passages 2a and 2c have a partial flow restriction 20, with other combinations also being possible.
  • Figure 6 shows a silencer in which the unit 8 is formed by a first sheet-like structure 4 and a second sheet-like struc­ture 6 which are shaped in such away that the communication slot between the tubes causes a turbulence in the gases which, in certain cases, may improve the absorption of the sound waves.
  • Figure 7 shows a unit 8 in which the tubular passages are different, with the lateral passages 2a and 2c being rec­tangular and the centre passage 2b circular. These last two embodiments have absorbent material between the unit and the shell, with edge fins 26 to be seen in Figure 6 and not in Figure 7.
  • Figure 8 shows a silencer with tubular passages and shell like the one shown in Figure 3, but without absorbent material.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show silencers in which the absorbent material is only in centre spaces (Figure 9) or in an upper half of the space ( Figure 10), it being appreciated in Figure 9 that the lateral tubular passages are different from the centre one.
  • the invention contemplates other embodiments not shown, including among them combinations of the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 6 to 10.
  • Figure 11 schematically shows a very simple embodiment, formed by two tubes 2a, 2b along which respective elongate apertures 40 forming a slot 14 have been made. These aper­tures are closed by corresponding peripheral weld beads 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
EP90500025A 1989-03-22 1990-03-19 Abgas-Schalldämpfer für Kraftfahrzeuge Withdrawn EP0389401A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES8901047 1989-03-22
ES8901047A ES2013865A6 (es) 1989-03-22 1989-03-22 Disposicion de silencioso para sistema de escape de gases en automoviles.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0389401A1 true EP0389401A1 (de) 1990-09-26

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Family Applications (1)

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EP90500025A Withdrawn EP0389401A1 (de) 1989-03-22 1990-03-19 Abgas-Schalldämpfer für Kraftfahrzeuge

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0389401A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2013865A6 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663985A1 (fr) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-03 Tennessee Gas Pipeline Co Silencieux a logement en une piece pour vehicule automobile, conduit faisant partie du silencieux et procede de sa fabrication.
EP0816649A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-07 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. Absorptions-/Reflexions-Schalldämpfer
EP1736641A1 (de) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Schalldämpfer
JP2019124146A (ja) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-25 征之 清野 排気管装置及び排気方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE358083C (de) * 1922-09-05 Karl Lehmann Gegenstrom-Schalldaempfer fuer Verbrennungsmotoren, bei dem der Gasstrom in zwei Abzweigungen zerlegt wird, welche diametral gegeneinander gefuehrt werden
GB250399A (en) * 1925-04-29 1926-04-15 Wilhelm Wolff Improvements in silencers for internal combustion engines
US2583366A (en) * 1948-02-09 1952-01-22 Willard H Engels Muffler with perforated cylinder containing inwardly and rearwardly inclined holes
GB923611A (en) * 1959-05-09 1963-04-18 Frank Hankinson Kyffin Improvements in or relating to silencers for exhaust gases
DE3035332A1 (de) * 1980-09-19 1982-05-06 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Kombinierter abgasschalldaempfer
DE3149622A1 (de) * 1981-12-15 1983-07-21 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Abgas-schalldaempfer mit in einem absorptionsteil integrierter resonatorkammer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE358083C (de) * 1922-09-05 Karl Lehmann Gegenstrom-Schalldaempfer fuer Verbrennungsmotoren, bei dem der Gasstrom in zwei Abzweigungen zerlegt wird, welche diametral gegeneinander gefuehrt werden
GB250399A (en) * 1925-04-29 1926-04-15 Wilhelm Wolff Improvements in silencers for internal combustion engines
US2583366A (en) * 1948-02-09 1952-01-22 Willard H Engels Muffler with perforated cylinder containing inwardly and rearwardly inclined holes
GB923611A (en) * 1959-05-09 1963-04-18 Frank Hankinson Kyffin Improvements in or relating to silencers for exhaust gases
DE3035332A1 (de) * 1980-09-19 1982-05-06 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Kombinierter abgasschalldaempfer
DE3149622A1 (de) * 1981-12-15 1983-07-21 Fa. J. Eberspächer, 7300 Esslingen Abgas-schalldaempfer mit in einem absorptionsteil integrierter resonatorkammer

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663985A1 (fr) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-03 Tennessee Gas Pipeline Co Silencieux a logement en une piece pour vehicule automobile, conduit faisant partie du silencieux et procede de sa fabrication.
EP0816649A1 (de) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-07 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. Absorptions-/Reflexions-Schalldämpfer
US5912441A (en) * 1996-07-05 1999-06-15 J. Eberspacher Gmbh & Co. Absorption/reflection exhaust muffler
EP1736641A1 (de) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Schalldämpfer
US7690479B2 (en) 2005-06-20 2010-04-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Silencer
JP2019124146A (ja) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-25 征之 清野 排気管装置及び排気方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2013865A6 (es) 1990-06-01

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