EP0387930A1 - Simultaneous double inspection - Google Patents
Simultaneous double inspection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0387930A1 EP0387930A1 EP90200250A EP90200250A EP0387930A1 EP 0387930 A1 EP0387930 A1 EP 0387930A1 EP 90200250 A EP90200250 A EP 90200250A EP 90200250 A EP90200250 A EP 90200250A EP 0387930 A1 EP0387930 A1 EP 0387930A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- station
- electromagnetic radiation
- type
- sensing
- types
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010056740 Genital discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
- G01N21/909—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents in opaque containers or opaque container parts, e.g. cans, tins, caps, labels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
- G01N21/9018—Dirt detection in containers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for inspecting an object or a series of successively supplied objects for deviations such as form errors, dirt, cracks and so on, comprising the following steps of:
- Such a method is known.
- an object for inspection for example a glass jar
- the illuminating station can, for example, be arranged to generate a flash at the moment the arrival of the object for inspection is determined.
- the sensing station in particular a video camera, senses the image of the object for inspection and feeds that to a central processing unit for instance, which can be coupled with pushing means for pushing out a rejected object.
- the object subjected in this manner to a first inspection is subsequently carried to a second inspection station with a second illuminating station and a second sensing station, which inspection station differs from the first in order to be able to determine a second type of deviation.
- Fig. 1 shows a conveyor device 1 for transporting glass jars 2.
- a lamp 3 generates a flash at the moment the jar 2 has arrived at the place of inspection.
- a video camera 4 senses the image of the jar 2 and if necessary transmits to central control means (not drawn) a rejection signal which can serve for controlling push-out means placed downstream of the conveyor device. Light passes through the jar 2 in this manner.
- This method of illumination is known as bright field illumination. This method is very suitable for sensing, for example, dirt.
- the jar 2 is subsequently further transported in the direction of arrow 5 to the position indicated by 2′.
- a second inspection station consisting of a second lamp 6 which generates a flash at the moment the jar 2′ has arrived.
- a round, opaque disc 7 is located above the lamp 6 in the middle, light does not pass directly through the jar 2′ as described above, but illuminating takes place according to the dark field principle.
- a video camera 8 does not therefore sense light but can only ascertain the presence of particular errors of form or cracks, namely deviations which result in transmitting by the jar 2′ of light in the direction of the video camera 8.
- the invention has for its object to offer a simpler method which is considerably simpler and thereby cost-saving.
- the invention also has for its object to offer a method providing considerable gains in space.
- the method can be characterized by the following step of:
- the method can for instance be characterized by the following step of:
- the device according to the invention is characterized by only one illuminating station and/or only one sensing station, which illuminating station transmits electromagnetic radiation of at least two types and which sensing station can sense electromagnetic radiation of these at least two types, wherein the image formed from radiation of one type can give information about deviations of a first type and the image formed from radiation of a second type can give information about deviations of a second type etc., such that two or more types of deviation can be determined simultaneously.
- a preferred embodiment displays the feature that the one sensing station is arranged for simultaneous, separate sensing of all types of electromagnetic radiation.
- the dark field detection method can be markedly improved by illuminating the bottom of the container not only from the outside, as will be discussed hereafter with reference to fig. 2, but also through the "black" disc.
- the device displays the feature that the illuminating station is arranged for emitting through-passing, indirect electromagnetic radiation and comprises for this purpose: a source for electromagnetic radiation which is placed for through-passing illumination of an object for inspection, and dark field means comprising, from the electromagnetic radiation source, a diffusor, a first pattern of strips opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, for example concentric rings, and a second pattern of strips opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, which two patterns are placed at a distance above one another such that the lines of the one pattern cover the free spaces between the lines of the other pattern.
- the method and device according to the invention provide the option of performing at least two inspections at one inspection position.
- Fig. 2 shows the jar 2 which is carried by the conveyor device 1 to above a lamp 9 which is covered in the middle by a filter 10 which allows through all radiation of a wavelength above 600 nm and cuts out all radiation of a smaller wavelength.
- the red light allowed through by the filter 10 passes through the jar 2.
- the radiation allowed through passes through a semi-transparent mirror 11 and enters the video camera 4 via a filter 12.
- the filter 12 is of the same type as the filter 10 and thus allows through red light.
- the camera 4 therefore senses an image similar to the camera 4 according to fig. 1.
- the semi-transparent mirror 11 transmits via a mirror 13 another portion of the light to the video camera 8 via a filter 14.
- the filter 14 is of the type that allows through only radiation of a wavelength smaller than 600 nm. As a result hereof no image of the jar 2 formed by light passing through will be sensed by the camera 8. For this camera 8 the filter 10 therefore functions as the black disc 7 according to fig. 1.
- the light-emitting upper surface 15 of the lamp 9 is covered by the filter 10 only in its central portion.
- the edge zone 16 can emit light in the same way as the lamp 6 with the black disc 7 as in fig. 1. This light-emitting edge 16 therefore acts to form dark field illumination for the jar 2. Since the radiation emitted via the edge 16 also contains wavelengths which can be allowed through by the filter 14 the camera 8 is hereby capable of sensing a dark field image of the jar 2.
- Fig. 3 shows a conveyor belt 17 which supplies an open aluminium holder 18 for inspection.
- a first lamp 19 emits light via the filter 10 to a lens system 20, 21.
- the outgoing bundle is parallel.
- Situated in the middle on the exit side of the system 20, 21 is a black disc 7, whereby a cylindrical, parallel bundle 22 is directed into the holder 18 via the semi-transparent mirror 11.
- This bundle is reflected by the upwardly convex bottom of the holder 18 and directed at a very small angle onto the cylindrical wall of the holder 18 where it is again reflected.
- a perfectly cylindrical holder without errors of form will emit the light reflected by the cylindrical wall such that this travels beyond the range of an imaging lens 23. Only in the case of, for example, a dent will red light be allowed through by the lens 23 to the semi-transparent mirror 11 where the red light corresponding with the dent reaches the video camera 4 via a semi-transparent mirror 24 via the red filter 12.
- annular light source 25 Extending around the imaging lens 23 is an annular light source 25.
- This comprises an annular flash light 26 and a blue diffusor 27.
- This matt glass diffusor gives off more or less diffuse light to the interior of the can 18, as symbolically indicated with arrows 28.
- the can 18 is internally illuminated in diffuse blue. The blue image of the can cannot pass through the red filter 12, and only the blue radiation reflected by the mirror 24 can reach the camera 8 via the mirror 13 and the blue filter 14.
- fig. 4 shows a variant wherein the light source corresponds with that according to fig. 3, but where only one video camera 29 is used. If required, the colour information in the video signal can serve for discriminating between different deviations.
- Fig. 5 shows in an unbroken line the transmission characteristic 30 of the red filters 10, 12 while the transmission characteristic 31 of the diffusor 27 and the blue filter 14 is indicated with a broken line.
- the transmission characteristic 30 is especially sharp so that there need be no fear of information cross-talk between both inspection systems.
- illuminating means which emit electromagnetic radiation with a very limited band width, for example sources with a line spectrum wherein one line or a limited wave length field is allowed through.
- sources with a line spectrum wherein one line or a limited wave length field is allowed through.
- a combination of for instance a mercury lamp and a sodium lamp may be envisaged. It will be otherwise apparent that all sorts of other types of sources can also be considered.
- Fig. 6 shows a detail of a variant wherein use is made of three video cameras 4, 33, 8.
- the incident light or other electromagnetic radiation designated with 35 coming from the object for inspection is directed onto a so-called dichroic mirror 36. This allows radiation of the one wavelength field through to the camera 32 and reflects another portion in the direction of semi-transparent mirror 24. Reference is made to fig. 3 for the further optical route.
- Fig. 7 shows a disposition for inspecting a fluorescent lamp 37 or at least the pre-manufactured glass housing thereof.
- a flash light 38, 39 which illuminate diffusor plates 40 and 41 respectively.
- these diffusor plates display a red filter formed as a grating 42 of parallel strips 43, for example of the same material as the filter 10 or 12.
- a polarization filter 44 acting against sensing of direct reflections and via respective mirrors 45, 46 and 47, 48 a video camera 53 senses the tube 37 in two directions, respectively illuminated by the lamps 38 and 39.
- the tube 37 can pass through the inspection station in an axial direction, for example at a determined speed, whereby all deficiencies along the entire length can be detected.
- the inspection according to fig. 7 takes place on a basis of light refraction. Non-transparent particles are traced by determining a transmission-difference. A disposition of the same type as according to fig. 2 or an equivalent thereof can also be employed as sensing station.
- Fig. 8 shows a video image consisting of two inspection areas which correspond respectively with the lamp 39 and the lamp 38.
- Fig. 9 shows as example a disturbance of the image from which is apparent that this is a case of a fault in the glass seen by the camera 53. This senses non-transparent faults in any position, in contrast to the situation wherein the grating-pattern consists of non-transparent strips, and small, non-transparent faults which fall onto a strip are not detected.
- the overlap areas 49, 50 are composed of lines which overlap each other after diffraction.
- the remaining area 51, 51′ is the inspection area. It will be apparent that this inspection area must be large enough to sense deviations over the entire periphery of the tube 37 at the two angles.
- the line direction of the video image corresponds with the longitudinal direction of the grating strips 43.
- Fig. 10 shows the breadth 55 and the mutual distance 56 of the grating strips 43. These quantities influence the size of the inspection area on the tube and the dimensions of the minimal detectable deviation. Broadly speaking:
- Fig. 11 finally shows a disposition for dark field illuminating.
- This arrangement comprises a glass plate 57 which comprises on its upper surface a first pattern 58 of strips, for example concentric rings, opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, and comprises on its underside a second pattern 60 of strips 61 opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, which patterns are placed above one another at a distance the size of the thickness of the glass plate 57 such that the strips of the one pattern 58, 60 cover the free spaces between the strips of the other pattern 60, 58.
- Under the plate 57 is situated a diffusor 62 under which is placed the radiation source (not drawn). This transmits electromagnetic radiation indicated with arrows 63.
- This electromagnetic radiation is wholly screened off in the direction of the sensing station 4, 8 (see fig. 2) by the opaque patterns 58, 60. Only by obliquely through-falling radiation can deviations and faults be illuminated and result in image forming in the sensing station 4, 8. It will be apparent that, for glass bottles for instance, patterns of concentric rings are most suitable. For use in a disposition for checking fluorescent tubes, as explained with reference to fig. 7-11, patterns of straight strips can be applied.
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- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
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Abstract
- 1) providing at least one illuminating station for emitting electromagnetic radiation of a chosen type,
- 2) providing at least one associated sensing station which is arranged for sensing the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the illuminating station,
- 3) providing an object for inspection, and
- 4) arranging in alignment the or each illuminating station, the or each associated sensing station and the object, such that the or each sensing station can form an image of the object illuminated by the associated illuminating station.
- 5) providing only one illuminating station and/or only one sensing station, which illuminating station transmits electromagnetic radiation of at least two types and which sensing station can sense electromagnetic radiation of these at least two types, wherein the image formed from the radiation of the one type can give information about deviations of the first type and the image formed from radiation of the second type can give information about deviations of the second type etc., such that two or more types of deviation can be determined simultaneously.
Description
- The invention relates to a method for inspecting an object or a series of successively supplied objects for deviations such as form errors, dirt, cracks and so on, comprising the following steps of:
- 1) providing at least one illuminating station for emitting electromagnetic radiation of a chosen type,
- 2) providing at least one associated sensing station which is arranged for sensing the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the illuminating station,
- 3) providing an object for inspection, and
- 4) arranging in alignment the or each illuminating station, the or each associated sensing station and the object, such that the or each sensing station can form an image of the object illuminated by the associated illuminating station.
- Such a method is known. In a known method an object for inspection, for example a glass jar, is transported by means of a conveyor device to a illuminating station and an associated sensing station. The illuminating station can, for example, be arranged to generate a flash at the moment the arrival of the object for inspection is determined. The sensing station, in particular a video camera, senses the image of the object for inspection and feeds that to a central processing unit for instance, which can be coupled with pushing means for pushing out a rejected object. The object subjected in this manner to a first inspection is subsequently carried to a second inspection station with a second illuminating station and a second sensing station, which inspection station differs from the first in order to be able to determine a second type of deviation.
- Fig. 1 shows a
conveyor device 1 for transporting glass jars 2. A lamp 3 generates a flash at the moment the jar 2 has arrived at the place of inspection. A video camera 4 senses the image of the jar 2 and if necessary transmits to central control means (not drawn) a rejection signal which can serve for controlling push-out means placed downstream of the conveyor device. Light passes through the jar 2 in this manner. This method of illumination is known as bright field illumination. This method is very suitable for sensing, for example, dirt. - The jar 2 is subsequently further transported in the direction of
arrow 5 to the position indicated by 2′. Located there is a second inspection station, consisting of a second lamp 6 which generates a flash at the moment the jar 2′ has arrived. Because a round,opaque disc 7 is located above the lamp 6 in the middle, light does not pass directly through the jar 2′ as described above, but illuminating takes place according to the dark field principle. Under normal conditions avideo camera 8 does not therefore sense light but can only ascertain the presence of particular errors of form or cracks, namely deviations which result in transmitting by the jar 2′ of light in the direction of thevideo camera 8. - According to this known art, use has therefore to be made for determining two different types of deviation of two separate inspection stations, each consisting of a illuminating station and an sensing station.
- The drawback of the above described known inspection method is that these two separate inspections take up a lot of space and require extra control means.
- The invention has for its object to offer a simpler method which is considerably simpler and thereby cost-saving. The invention also has for its object to offer a method providing considerable gains in space.
- To this end the method according to the invention is characterized by the following step of:
- 5) providing only one illuminating station and/or only one sensing station, which illuminating station transmits electromagnetic radiation of at least two types and which sensing station can sense electromagnetic radiation of these at least two types, wherein the image formed from the radiation of the one type can give information about deviations of the first type and the image formed from radiation of the second type can give information about deviations of the second type etc., such that two or more types of deviation can be determined simultaneously.
- In a particular embodiment the method can be characterized by the following step of:
- 6) performing step 5) such that the directions of travel of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two types differ mutually.
- For this purpose the method can for instance be characterized by the following step of:
- 7) performing step 6) such that one type of radiation is substantially a directed bundle and that another type of radiation is substantially diffuse.
- Use can also be made of another embodiment which is characterized by the following step of:
- 8) performing step 5) such that the polarization directions of the electromagnetic radiation of the at least two types differ mutually.
- Another manner of discrimination which also works very well can be achieved with a variant which is characterized by the following step of:
- 9) performing step 5) such that the spectral compositions of the at least two types of electromagnetic radiation differ.
- A known device for performing the known method comprises:
- 1) at least one illuminating station for emitting electromagnetic radiation of a chosen type;
- 2) at least one associated sensing station arranged for sensing the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the illuminating station;
- 3) support means for carrying an object for inspection;
- 4) wherein the or each illuminating station, the or each associated sensing station and the support means are aligned such that the or each sensing station can form an image of the object illuminated by the associated illuminating station.
- Such a device has already been described above with reference to fig. 1.
- The device according to the invention is characterized by only one illuminating station and/or only one sensing station, which illuminating station transmits electromagnetic radiation of at least two types and which sensing station can sense electromagnetic radiation of these at least two types, wherein the image formed from radiation of one type can give information about deviations of a first type and the image formed from radiation of a second type can give information about deviations of a second type etc., such that two or more types of deviation can be determined simultaneously.
- A preferred embodiment displays the feature that the one sensing station is arranged for simultaneous, separate sensing of all types of electromagnetic radiation.
- For example, for inspecting glass containers the dark field detection method can be markedly improved by illuminating the bottom of the container not only from the outside, as will be discussed hereafter with reference to fig. 2, but also through the "black" disc. To this end the device then displays the feature that the illuminating station is arranged for emitting through-passing, indirect electromagnetic radiation and comprises for this purpose:
a source for electromagnetic radiation which is placed for through-passing illumination of an object for inspection, and
dark field means comprising, from the electromagnetic radiation source, a diffusor, a first pattern of strips opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, for example concentric rings, and a second pattern of strips opaque to the electromagnetic radiation,
which two patterns are placed at a distance above one another such that the lines of the one pattern cover the free spaces between the lines of the other pattern. - As a result of this configuration, for instance glass splinters and the like are now not only illuminated from the outside, i.e. from the annular diffuse light-source around the black disc, but also, as it were, through the disc, though not directly but exclusively indirectly, so that when an object is fault-free no electromagnetic radiation reaches the sensing station, and this only occurs in the case of a deviation.
- The method and device according to the invention provide the option of performing at least two inspections at one inspection position.
- The invention will now be elucidated with reference to the annexed drawing. In the drawing:
- fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of the inspection device according to the state of the art already discussed above;
- fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of an inspection device according to the invention in a first embodiment;
- fig. 3 shows an inspection device according to the invention in a second embodiment;
- fig. 4 shows an inspection device according to the invention in a third embodiment;
- fig. 5 shows the transmission characteristics of spectral-selective filters for use in the invention;
- fig. 6 shows a highly schematic detail of a fourth embodiment;
- fig. 7 shows a schematic side view of a fifth embodiment;
- fig. 8 shows the image of a perfect fluorescent lamp;
- fig. 9 shows the image of a fluorescent lamp with a deviation in the glass;
- fig. 10 shows the detail X according to fig. 7;
- fig. 11 is a view corresponding with fig. 10 of a preferred embodiment of the diffusor with grating; and
- fig. 12 shows a cross section through an alternative illuminating station.
- For the description of fig. 1, reference is made to the above.
- Fig. 2 shows the jar 2 which is carried by the
conveyor device 1 to above alamp 9 which is covered in the middle by afilter 10 which allows through all radiation of a wavelength above 600 nm and cuts out all radiation of a smaller wavelength. - The red light allowed through by the
filter 10 passes through the jar 2. The radiation allowed through passes through asemi-transparent mirror 11 and enters the video camera 4 via afilter 12. Thefilter 12 is of the same type as thefilter 10 and thus allows through red light. The camera 4 therefore senses an image similar to the camera 4 according to fig. 1. - The
semi-transparent mirror 11 transmits via amirror 13 another portion of the light to thevideo camera 8 via afilter 14. Thefilter 14 is of the type that allows through only radiation of a wavelength smaller than 600 nm. As a result hereof no image of the jar 2 formed by light passing through will be sensed by thecamera 8. For thiscamera 8 thefilter 10 therefore functions as theblack disc 7 according to fig. 1. - However, the light-emitting
upper surface 15 of thelamp 9 is covered by thefilter 10 only in its central portion. Theedge zone 16 can emit light in the same way as the lamp 6 with theblack disc 7 as in fig. 1. This light-emittingedge 16 therefore acts to form dark field illumination for the jar 2. Since the radiation emitted via theedge 16 also contains wavelengths which can be allowed through by thefilter 14 thecamera 8 is hereby capable of sensing a dark field image of the jar 2. - It will be apparent from the above that two inspections for different deviations can now be carried out simultaneously at one inspection location.
- Fig. 3 shows a
conveyor belt 17 which supplies anopen aluminium holder 18 for inspection. Afirst lamp 19 emits light via thefilter 10 to alens system system black disc 7, whereby a cylindrical,parallel bundle 22 is directed into theholder 18 via thesemi-transparent mirror 11. This bundle is reflected by the upwardly convex bottom of theholder 18 and directed at a very small angle onto the cylindrical wall of theholder 18 where it is again reflected. A perfectly cylindrical holder without errors of form will emit the light reflected by the cylindrical wall such that this travels beyond the range of animaging lens 23. Only in the case of, for example, a dent will red light be allowed through by thelens 23 to thesemi-transparent mirror 11 where the red light corresponding with the dent reaches the video camera 4 via asemi-transparent mirror 24 via thered filter 12. - Extending around the
imaging lens 23 is an annularlight source 25. This comprises anannular flash light 26 and ablue diffusor 27. This matt glass diffusor gives off more or less diffuse light to the interior of thecan 18, as symbolically indicated witharrows 28. Thecan 18 is internally illuminated in diffuse blue. The blue image of the can cannot pass through thered filter 12, and only the blue radiation reflected by themirror 24 can reach thecamera 8 via themirror 13 and theblue filter 14. - fig. 4 shows a variant wherein the light source corresponds with that according to fig. 3, but where only one
video camera 29 is used. If required, the colour information in the video signal can serve for discriminating between different deviations. - Fig. 5 shows in an unbroken line the
transmission characteristic 30 of thered filters transmission characteristic 31 of thediffusor 27 and theblue filter 14 is indicated with a broken line. It will be apparent that in particular thetransmission characteristic 30 is especially sharp so that there need be no fear of information cross-talk between both inspection systems. If required use could optionally also be made of illuminating means which emit electromagnetic radiation with a very limited band width, for example sources with a line spectrum wherein one line or a limited wave length field is allowed through. In this context a combination of for instance a mercury lamp and a sodium lamp may be envisaged. It will be otherwise apparent that all sorts of other types of sources can also be considered. - Fig. 6 shows a detail of a variant wherein use is made of three
video cameras 4, 33, 8. - The incident light or other electromagnetic radiation designated with 35 coming from the object for inspection is directed onto a so-called
dichroic mirror 36. This allows radiation of the one wavelength field through to thecamera 32 and reflects another portion in the direction ofsemi-transparent mirror 24. Reference is made to fig. 3 for the further optical route. - Fig. 7 shows a disposition for inspecting a
fluorescent lamp 37 or at least the pre-manufactured glass housing thereof. - Use is made of two
flash lights diffusor plates parallel strips 43, for example of the same material as thefilter polarization filter 44 acting against sensing of direct reflections and via respective mirrors 45, 46 and 47, 48 avideo camera 53 senses thetube 37 in two directions, respectively illuminated by thelamps - There are various types of deviations or faults which have to be sensed in the tube, such as air bubbles in the glass, stripes, enclosures, small stones, material deficiencies. For a good inspection it is required that the entire periphery of the tube be inspected. The disposition according to fig. 7 is arranged to this end.
- Attention is drawn to the fact that the
tube 37 can pass through the inspection station in an axial direction, for example at a determined speed, whereby all deficiencies along the entire length can be detected. - The inspection according to fig. 7 takes place on a basis of light refraction. Non-transparent particles are traced by determining a transmission-difference. A disposition of the same type as according to fig. 2 or an equivalent thereof can also be employed as sensing station.
- Fig. 8 shows a video image consisting of two inspection areas which correspond respectively with the
lamp 39 and thelamp 38. - Fig. 9 shows as example a disturbance of the image from which is apparent that this is a case of a fault in the glass seen by the
camera 53. This senses non-transparent faults in any position, in contrast to the situation wherein the grating-pattern consists of non-transparent strips, and small, non-transparent faults which fall onto a strip are not detected. - The
overlap areas area tube 37 at the two angles. - With regard to fig. 9 it is further noted the line direction of the video image corresponds with the longitudinal direction of the grating strips 43.
- Attention is drawn to the fact that with the inspection according to fig. 7 the
camera 53 is focused on the front surface of thediffusor plates object 2, 18. - In order to ensure that the grey value of the grating strips 43 corresponds with the areas situated therebetween use can be made of the variant drawn in fig. 11, wherein these intermediate areas are provided with grey filters 54. During sensing of a diffusor plate according to fig. 11 through a red filter a homogeneous red surface will therefore be sensed.
- Fig. 10 shows the breadth 55 and the
mutual distance 56 of the grating strips 43. These quantities influence the size of the inspection area on the tube and the dimensions of the minimal detectable deviation. Broadly speaking: - The smaller the breadth and the mutual distance, the greater the overlap area will be, and smaller deviations can be better detected.
- The greater the breadth and the mutual distance the smaller the overlap area will be, and smaller deviations will be less well detected.
- The more the breadth and the mutual distance deviate from one another, the less well glass deviations will always be detected.
- As a result of the invention the detection of non-transparent faults has become independent of the grating pattern.
- Fig. 11 finally shows a disposition for dark field illuminating. This arrangement comprises a
glass plate 57 which comprises on its upper surface afirst pattern 58 of strips, for example concentric rings, opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, and comprises on its underside asecond pattern 60 ofstrips 61 opaque to the electromagnetic radiation, which patterns are placed above one another at a distance the size of the thickness of theglass plate 57 such that the strips of the onepattern other pattern plate 57 is situated adiffusor 62 under which is placed the radiation source (not drawn). This transmits electromagnetic radiation indicated witharrows 63. This electromagnetic radiation is wholly screened off in the direction of the sensing station 4, 8 (see fig. 2) by theopaque patterns sensing station 4, 8. It will be apparent that, for glass bottles for instance, patterns of concentric rings are most suitable. For use in a disposition for checking fluorescent tubes, as explained with reference to fig. 7-11, patterns of straight strips can be applied.
Claims (8)
characterized by the following step of:
characterized by only one illuminating station and/or only one sensing station, which illuminating station transmits electromagnetic radiation of at least two types and which sensing station can sense electromagnetic radiation of these two types, wherein the image formed from radiation of one type can give information about deviations of a first type and the image formed from radiation of a second type can give information about deviations of a second type and so on, such that two or more types of deviation can be determined simultaneously.
a source for electromagnetic radiation which is placed for through-falling illumination of an object for inspection, and
dark field means comprising, from the electromagnetic radiation source, a diffusor, a first pattern of strips, for example concentric rings, opaque to the electromagnetic radiation and a second pattern of strips opaque to the electromagnetic radiation,
which two patterns are placed above one another at a distance such that the lines of the one pattern cover the free spaces between the lines of the other pattern.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL8900356 | 1989-02-14 | ||
NL8900356 | 1989-02-14 | ||
NL8901380 | 1989-05-31 | ||
NL8901380A NL8901380A (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-05-31 | SIMULTANEOUS DOUBLE INSPECTION. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0387930A1 true EP0387930A1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
EP0387930B1 EP0387930B1 (en) | 1995-08-23 |
Family
ID=26646491
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90200250A Expired - Lifetime EP0387930B1 (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1990-02-02 | Simultaneous double inspection |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5134278A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0387930B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE126886T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU4973590A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69021753T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2080102T3 (en) |
NL (1) | NL8901380A (en) |
Cited By (12)
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EP0508548A2 (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1992-10-14 | Schott Glaswerke | Method for inspecting the dimensional stability of medical ampoules |
EP0520647A1 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1992-12-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Optimal television imaging system for guided missile |
EP0604171A2 (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-06-29 | Emhart Glass Machinery Investments Inc. | Machine for video inspection of glass containers with intersecting light beams |
WO1997018461A1 (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Thomas Huhn | Device, use thereof and method for the inspection and examination of container walls |
WO1999015882A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | Heuft Systemtechnik Gmbh | Method for identifying materials, impurities and related defects with diffuse dispersion in transparent objects |
US5991017A (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1999-11-23 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Inspecting the surface of an object |
DE19903486A1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-03 | Leica Microsystems | Method and device for the optical examination of structured surfaces of objects |
EP1070958A1 (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2001-01-24 | Insight Control Systems International, Inc. | Dual illumination apparatus for container inspection |
WO2002054051A2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-11 | Krones Ag | Method and device for optically inspecting bottles |
EP1494013A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-05 | Emhart Glass S.A. | Apparatus for two colour container inspection |
FR2860873A1 (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-04-15 | Bsn Glasspack | Containers e.g. bottle, rotating surface inspecting method for optoelectronic device, involves illuminating surface sectors, each emitting radiation spectrum, and forming image for each sector by selecting light rays reflected from surface |
WO2008040487A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Krones Ag | Inspection device for containers |
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DE29607076U1 (en) * | 1996-04-18 | 1996-08-29 | Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik, 79183 Waldkirch | Opto-electronic sensor for the detection of transparent objects |
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GB2024415A (en) * | 1978-06-23 | 1980-01-09 | Sick Optik Elektronik Erwin | Apparatus for determining faults in strip material |
US4520388A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1985-05-28 | General Electric Company | Optical signal projector |
DE3413027A1 (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1985-10-17 | Mecapec S.A., Schmerikon | Method and device for monitoring the surface of a moving material layer |
US4650326A (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1987-03-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for inspecting bottles |
EP0222959A1 (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-05-27 | Peter Dr. Hermann | Method of detection of faults, especially cracks, in transparent bodies by optical means |
EP0263618A2 (en) * | 1986-10-02 | 1988-04-13 | Emhart Glass Machinery Investments Inc. | Inspection apparatus |
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DE2545678C3 (en) * | 1975-10-11 | 1979-08-09 | Kronseder, Hermann, 8404 Woerth | Test device for glass bottles |
US4136930A (en) * | 1977-01-10 | 1979-01-30 | The Coca-Cola Company | Method and apparatus for detecting foreign particles in full beverage containers |
US4180722A (en) * | 1977-07-07 | 1979-12-25 | Bonnie Clewans | Liquid heating device |
US4221961A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-09-09 | Industrial Automation Corporation | Electronic bottle inspector having particle and liquid detection capabilities |
US4551627A (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-11-05 | Kirin Beer Kabushiki Kaisha | Methods and apparatus for detecting residual liquid in containers |
JPS61207952A (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1986-09-16 | Hajime Sangyo Kk | Defect inspecting device for bottle made of transparent material |
US4943713A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1990-07-24 | Hajime Industries Ltd. | Bottle bottom inspection apparatus |
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1989
- 1989-05-31 NL NL8901380A patent/NL8901380A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1990
- 1990-02-02 AT AT90200250T patent/ATE126886T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-02 EP EP90200250A patent/EP0387930B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-02 ES ES90200250T patent/ES2080102T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-02 DE DE69021753T patent/DE69021753T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-13 AU AU49735/90A patent/AU4973590A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-02-14 US US07/480,643 patent/US5134278A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB2024415A (en) * | 1978-06-23 | 1980-01-09 | Sick Optik Elektronik Erwin | Apparatus for determining faults in strip material |
US4520388A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1985-05-28 | General Electric Company | Optical signal projector |
US4650326A (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1987-03-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for inspecting bottles |
DE3413027A1 (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1985-10-17 | Mecapec S.A., Schmerikon | Method and device for monitoring the surface of a moving material layer |
EP0222959A1 (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1987-05-27 | Peter Dr. Hermann | Method of detection of faults, especially cracks, in transparent bodies by optical means |
EP0263618A2 (en) * | 1986-10-02 | 1988-04-13 | Emhart Glass Machinery Investments Inc. | Inspection apparatus |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0508548A2 (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1992-10-14 | Schott Glaswerke | Method for inspecting the dimensional stability of medical ampoules |
WO1992017770A2 (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1992-10-15 | Schott Glaswerke | Dimensional inspection process of medical ampules |
EP0508548A3 (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1992-11-19 | Schott Glaswerke | Method for inspecting the dimensional stability of medical ampoules |
US5331174A (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1994-07-19 | Schott Glaswerke | Method of inspecting the dimensional accuracy of medical ampuls |
WO1992017770A3 (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1995-11-23 | Zeiss Stiftung | Dimensional inspection process of medical ampules |
EP0520647A1 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1992-12-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Optimal television imaging system for guided missile |
EP0604171A2 (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-06-29 | Emhart Glass Machinery Investments Inc. | Machine for video inspection of glass containers with intersecting light beams |
EP0604171A3 (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1995-07-05 | Emhart Glass Mach Invest | Machine for video inspection of glass containers with intersecting light beams. |
US5991017A (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1999-11-23 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Inspecting the surface of an object |
WO1997018461A1 (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Thomas Huhn | Device, use thereof and method for the inspection and examination of container walls |
WO1999015882A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | Heuft Systemtechnik Gmbh | Method for identifying materials, impurities and related defects with diffuse dispersion in transparent objects |
US6239870B1 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2001-05-29 | Heuft Systemtechnik Gmbh | Method for identifying materials, impurities and related defects with diffuse dispersion transparent objects |
EP1070958A1 (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2001-01-24 | Insight Control Systems International, Inc. | Dual illumination apparatus for container inspection |
DE19903486A1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-03 | Leica Microsystems | Method and device for the optical examination of structured surfaces of objects |
DE19903486C2 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2003-03-06 | Leica Microsystems | Method and device for the optical examination of structured surfaces of objects |
US6633375B1 (en) | 1999-01-29 | 2003-10-14 | Leica Microsystems Semiconductor Gmbh | Method and device for optically examining structured surfaces of objects |
WO2002054051A2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-11 | Krones Ag | Method and device for optically inspecting bottles |
WO2002054051A3 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-04-10 | Krones Ag | Method and device for optically inspecting bottles |
EP1494013A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-05 | Emhart Glass S.A. | Apparatus for two colour container inspection |
FR2860873A1 (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-04-15 | Bsn Glasspack | Containers e.g. bottle, rotating surface inspecting method for optoelectronic device, involves illuminating surface sectors, each emitting radiation spectrum, and forming image for each sector by selecting light rays reflected from surface |
WO2005038444A1 (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-04-28 | Tiama | Optoelectronic method and device for inspecting a surface of revolution of a recipient |
US7583377B2 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2009-09-01 | Tiama | Optoelectronic process and a device for inspection of an area of revolution of a receptacle |
WO2008040487A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-10 | Krones Ag | Inspection device for containers |
US8004667B2 (en) | 2006-10-05 | 2011-08-23 | Krones Ag | Inspection apparatus for containers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE126886T1 (en) | 1995-09-15 |
AU4973590A (en) | 1990-08-23 |
US5134278A (en) | 1992-07-28 |
NL8901380A (en) | 1990-09-03 |
DE69021753D1 (en) | 1995-09-28 |
EP0387930B1 (en) | 1995-08-23 |
DE69021753T2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
ES2080102T3 (en) | 1996-02-01 |
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