EP0373282A1 - Process for constructing and keeping up a terrain, particularly a sports ground, and terrain constructed according to this process - Google Patents

Process for constructing and keeping up a terrain, particularly a sports ground, and terrain constructed according to this process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373282A1
EP0373282A1 EP19880870185 EP88870185A EP0373282A1 EP 0373282 A1 EP0373282 A1 EP 0373282A1 EP 19880870185 EP19880870185 EP 19880870185 EP 88870185 A EP88870185 A EP 88870185A EP 0373282 A1 EP0373282 A1 EP 0373282A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
water
support
layer
humidity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19880870185
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jozef Eduard Léonard Lambrechts
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
"hrb Chemie Hiroba Belgium"
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"hrb Chemie Hiroba Belgium"
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Publication date
Application filed by "hrb Chemie Hiroba Belgium" filed Critical "hrb Chemie Hiroba Belgium"
Priority to EP19880870185 priority Critical patent/EP0373282A1/en
Publication of EP0373282A1 publication Critical patent/EP0373282A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • E01C13/083—Construction of grass-grown sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the realization and maintenance of a ground, in particular a ground on which a sport is practiced.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks presented by known outdoor sports fields and in particular fields with flat and horizontal surfaces, such as football, tennis, hockey, basketball, etc. and to provide a method of making and maintaining these lands, at a cost which is lower than the cost of making and maintaining traditional lands, which mainly provides said lands with sufficient automatic drainage so that these lands can be used, without appreciable modification of the conditions of the game and without risk of degradation, either in the rain, or very quickly after rain, even heavy.
  • said method consists in placing, on a stabilized and practically non-deformable support, a coating permeable to water and in maintaining, at least during the time of use of the ground and through the support, a quantity of water, constant and substantially uniformly distributed, in the coating in order to provide the latter, and in particular on its surface on which a sport is practiced, with a determined humidity.
  • the above-mentioned support is produced so that it is rigid and non-deformable and so that its upper face, intended to receive the aforementioned coating, is substantially plane and horizontal, at least the said is made impermeable upper face of the support, there is formed therein, transversely to its upper face and over its entire thickness, regularly distributed water flow channels, the upper face of the support is filled with the aforementioned coating which is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions, the rainwater which soaks the coating and which flows through the aforementioned channels is collected under the support, it is channeled and the water collected is discharged by gravity towards the periphery of the land.
  • the invention also aims to overcome these drawbacks.
  • At least part of the collected water is stored near the ground, the humidity of the coating is preferably measured continuously, and when this humidity is below a determined threshold, stored water is automatically pumped and this water is reinjected into the coating through the aforementioned channels provided in the support until the determined humidity threshold of said coating is reached.
  • the invention also aims to remedy these drawbacks presented by these indoor courts.
  • the above-mentioned support is produced so that, on the one hand, it is stable, non-deformable and permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions and, on the other hand, that its upper face, intended to receive the aforementioned coating, ie substantially flat and horizontal, the underside of the support is made waterproof, there is provided in the latter, near said underside and parallel to it, a distribution and uniform distribution network d water which is supplied from a source of water external to the ground, the upper face of the support is filled with the above-mentioned coating which is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions, we measure, preferably permanently, the humidity of the coating and, when this humidity is below a determined threshold, the above-mentioned network is supplied with water, to moisten the support and the coating, until the threshold determines humidity of the aforementioned coating is reached.
  • the invention also relates to a field, in particular for the practice of a sport and which is obtained by the implementation of the above method.
  • the permeable coating intended to be subjected to weathering and on the surface of which a sport is practiced is associated with a support in the form of a rigid and non-deformable slab of which at least the face facing the coating is waterproof, this slab having regularly distributed channels which extend over the entire thickness of the slab to open, at the base of the latter, in water evacuation pipes connecting the channels between them and directed towards the periphery of the surface where the harvested water is either evacuated or partially stored.
  • the slab forming the support consists of rectangular modular elements juxtaposed and whose lateral faces are profiled so that an interval forming a channel intended for the flow of water remains between the lateral faces of two consecutive elements, at least along two parallel sides of each element, these modular elements being supported by beams arranged in such a way that the two above-mentioned parallel sides of two elements juxtaposed and which delimit an abovementioned interval rest on the same beam, each of these beams being profiled to form the aforementioned pipe intended to collect the water flowing through the intervals remaining between two rows of modular elements, these pipes opening into a collector arranged outside the surface and having two branches extending perpendicularly at intervals.
  • its permeable covering is associated with the upper face of a stabilized and permeable support whose lower face is placed on a layer of impermeable material, supported to be non-deformable, and which consists of at least two superimposed layers of material, a first lower layer in which is embedded the above-mentioned network consisting of perforated tubes regularly spaced and intended to spread water in this first layer which is made up of granules chosen to distribute them evenly water and a second layer made of a material such as a synthetic material, capable of transferring into the coating, by capillary action, the water regularly distributed in the first layer, a source of water, such as a tank capable of delivering a quantity of water sufficient to maintain a determined humidity in the coating, being provided close to the ground, means being provided for measuring, preferably permanently, the humidity of the coating and arranged to control automatically, when the measured humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when
  • the method according to the invention and illustrated in the drawings is intended for the production and maintenance, on the one hand, of an outdoor sports ground with a flat and horizontal surface 1, which is covered with a permeable coating 2 can be either dried automatically and quickly, or maintained at a determined degree of humidity and, on the other hand, an indoor sports field whose surface 1 is covered with a permeable coating 2 to which a constant determined humidity is ensured.
  • This process consists in placing, on a stabilized and practically non-deformable support 3, the above permeable coating 2 and in maintaining, at least during the time of use of the ground and through the support 3, a quantity of water, constant and substantially uniformly distributed in the coating so as to provide it with a determined humidity.
  • the coating moisture can be lowered to 0% (when you want to completely dry the coating) and maintained between 0% and 10% (when you want to ensure regular growth of the coating plants or keep the non-slip properties of the coating and eliminate the risks of the above-mentioned burns).
  • humidity can be maintained between 8 and 10% to ensure the growth of the plants constituting the coating, the non-slip qualities of the crushed brick of said coating or eliminate the risk of burns that can be caused by a synthetic coating.
  • a rigid and non-deformable support 3 is installed on which the covering 2 rests so that its upper face 4 is flat and horizontal. At least this face 4 of the support is made impermeable and in the latter, transverse to its face 4 and over its entire thickness, water flow channels 5 which are regularly distributed are practiced.
  • the coating 2 which is used is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions so that the water is distributed therein uniformly and can easily flow through the channels 5 through the support 3 to be collected under the latter and channeled towards the periphery of the surface 1. If it is desired to completely dry the coating 2 of synthetic material, all of the water collected is evacuated definitively away from the surface 1.
  • the covering 2 is a synthetic covering or a covering based on crushed brick placed on a support 3, it is necessary to maintain a certain humidity in this covering 2.
  • the water content of the coating 2 is preferably measured continuously. When this water content is less than a content predetermined, the stored water is automatically pumped and reinjected, through the channels 5 of the support 3, into the coating 2 until the latter has regained its predetermined water content.
  • a support 3 is made so that, on the one hand, it is stable, non-deformable and permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions and, on the other hand, its upper face 4 intended to receive the coating 2 is flat and horizontal.
  • the lower face 8 of the support is made waterproof and in this latter, near this face 8 and parallel to it, a network 24 of distribution and uniform distribution of water which is supplied from a source of water, not shown, which is external to the ground.
  • the face of the support is lined with the coating 2 which is permeable to water, in all directions and over its entire thickness, and made of synthetic or natural materials.
  • the network 24 is supplied with water to humidify the coating, via the support 3, until when the determined coating moisture threshold is reached.
  • a field could also, in accordance with the invention, be produced outside.
  • the excess water in the coating 2 and in the support 3 can be drained thanks to the above-mentioned water supply network 24.
  • the field for practicing a sport has its permeable coating 2 which is associated with a support 3 which is in the form of a rigid and non-deformable slab. At least the face 4 of the support 3, which is flat and horizontal and which is covered by the coating 2, is impermeable so that the water impregnating said coating is distributed uniformly on this face 4. As the slab has channels 5 regularly distributed , which extend over the entire thickness of the slab to lead to the opposite faces 4 and 8 of the latter (FIG.
  • the water which is distributed substantially uniformly in the covering 2 and at the surface 4 of the slab flows regularly in said channels 5 through the slab to be collected in water discharge pipes 9, which are either horizontal or have a slight slope, directing the harvested water towards the periphery of the surface where the water is either completely evacuated to the sewers 10 ( Figures 1 and 2) thanks to a peripheral collector 11 into which the evacuation conduits 9 open, or at least partially stored, at 7, in a tank erne 12 to which the peripheral collector 11 is connected.
  • the slab which constitutes the above-mentioned support 3 is advantageously constituted by modular rectangular elements 13 which are juxtaposed and whose two opposite lateral faces 14 and 15 are profiled so that an interval 16, which s extends over practically the entire length of these faces and constitutes one of the aforementioned channels 5 for the flow of water through the slab, remains between two immediately adjacent modular elements.
  • the intervals could also be formed either only between the other opposite lateral faces of the modular elements 13, or between the faces 14 and 15 above and between the other opposite lateral faces of the elements 13, in order to form two series of channels 5 which extend perpendicularly to each other and which lead into two series of water discharge pipes 9 perpendicular to each other and which open into the manifold 11.
  • the modular elements 13 are supported, near their lateral faces 14 and 15, by beams 17 which are each profiled to form a pipe 9, the beams 17 ′ supporting the elements 13, which form the opposite ends of the slab, being profiled to form two of the branches of the collector 11.
  • These modular elements 13 are advantageously prefabricated and made of reinforced concrete. They are advantageously made entirely waterproof by virtue of a total envelope 18 made of a synthetic material of the heat shrinkable type.
  • the beams 17 and 17 ′ which are also advantageously made of reinforced concrete and prefabricated, are arranged, when the surface is produced at ground level, on a bed of leveled ash or gravel 19.
  • the modular elements 13 have their face, between the beams 17 and 17 ′ and facing the bed 19, which is thermally insulated by a layer of expanded polystyrene 20 attached to said face; this polystyrene layer 20 being itself separated from the bed 19 by a sheet of impermeable plastic material 21.
  • the layer of synthetic material constituting the permeable covering 2 is either stretched or fixed by gluing, on the upper face of the modular elements 13, and folded down on at least part of the faces lateral 14 and 15 of said elements in order to border the aforementioned intervals 16 and favor, by regularizing it, the flow of water in the conduits 5 formed by these intervals.
  • a layer of elastic and permeable material (not shown), such as in rubber granules, can be interposed between the coating 2 and the modular element 13 to increase the flexibility of said coating. As they are designed, these modular elements 13, with incorporated coating, are therefore removable so that deteriorated elements can be easily replaced, which significantly simplifies surface maintenance operations.
  • the coating 2 illustrated consists of plants rooted in the above-mentioned fertile layer 6 distributed uniformly over the slab constituting the support 3, the collector 11 supplies a tank 12 with a capacity sufficient to maintain, permanently and in the event of drought, a determined humidity, in this fertile layer 6, according to the plants used and the quantity of water necessary for their survival.
  • Sensors 22, which are provided for permanently measuring the humidity of said fertile layer 6 and constituted for example by diffusion hygromers which measure the diffusion of water vapor through a porous medium, are arranged to control automatically, when the measured humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, the driving of a pump 23 associated with the tank 12. This pump is arranged to discharge the water contained in the tank towards the fertile layer 6 through the collector 11, the pipes 9 and the channels 5 formed in the support 3.
  • the slab forming said support 3 is provided with heating means not shown and constituted for example by electrical resistances embedded in the slab. Means are then provided for continuously measuring the temperature of the slab and of the covering, these means being arranged to energize the resistors when the measured temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature.
  • the above permeable coating 2 is either based on a synthetic material (see FIGS. 5 and 6), or consists of plants planted in a fertilizing layer (see FIG. 4).
  • This coating is associated with the upper face 4 of a stabilized and permeable support 3, the lower face 8 of which is placed on a layer 25 of impermeable material supported over its entire surface so as to be non-deformable.
  • the support 3 consists of three layers of material 26, 27 and 28 superimposed on which is placed either a coating 2 consisting of a fertilizing layer 6 in which plants are planted constituting the aforementioned surface 1 (FIG.
  • the lower layer 26 of the support is made up of granules, chosen so that the water can be distributed therein uniformly, in which the above-mentioned network 24 is embedded, formed of perforated tubes 29 regularly spaced and intended to spread water in this layer 26.
  • the intermediate layer 27, placed on the layer 26 and the network 24, consists of a synthetic material capable of transferring, by capillarity, from the layer 26 the water already roughly distributed in the latter in the upper layer 28 of the support 3 where said water is perfectly distributed to be brought into contact with the permeable coating 2.
  • a source of water capable of delivering a quantity of water sufficient to maintain the desired humidity of the coating, is provided near the field and hygrometers 22 are associated with said covering 2 to permanently measure the humidity therein and arranged to control automatically, when the humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, the admission of water into the perforated tubes 29.
  • the synthetic grass constituting the covering 2 has its strands 30 which are maintained substantially vertical by a layer of sand 31 regularly distributed in the coating at a rate of 25 to 30 kg per m2.
  • the free ends 32 of the strands 30 protrude about 2 mm relative to the layer of sand in order to constitute a surface 1 comparable to natural grass.
  • the lines 33 which delimit the zones of the ground according to the game practiced, are marked, to be erasable, in the mass of the strands 30. So that the surface is comparable to a surface in traditional crushed brick, the aforementioned layer of sand 31 is, as shown in FIG. 6, surmounted to a level slightly higher than at the level of the free ends 32 of the strands 30, with a layer 34 of crushed brick. To make the aforementioned lines 33 erasable, the strands which are marked in the mass to form these lines 33 have a length greater than that of the other strands 30, so that their free ends 32 are flush with the upper face 35 of the layer of crushed brick.

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Abstract

Process for constructing and keeping up a terrain, in particular a terrain upon which a sport is played, which consists in placing a water-permeable covering (2) on a stabilised and virtually undeformable support (3), and in maintaining, at least during the period of use of the terrain and through the support, a constant and substantially uniformly distributed quantity of water in the covering so as to ensure a specified moisture content for the covering, and in particular for its surface (1) on which a sport is played, and terrain constructed and kept up with the aid of the said process. <IMAGE>

Description

Le présente invention a pour objet un procédé pour la réalisation et l'entretien d'un terrain, en particulier d'un terrain sur lequel se pratique un sport.The present invention relates to a method for the realization and maintenance of a ground, in particular a ground on which a sport is practiced.

On connaît très bien tous les problèmes posés par les terrains de sport extérieurs, malgré tous les soins apportés lors de leur mise en place, et qui résultent principalement d'une infiltration insuffisante des eaux de pluie, à travers leur revêtement perméable comprenant soit des éléments naturels, tels que végétaux, brique pilée, etc., soit des matières synthétiques, par suite notamment des propriétés physiques des assises sur lesquelles les revêtements sont posés. C'est ainsi, par exemple, que la pratique du tennis sur terrains extérieurs, principalement ceux revêtus de gazon ou de brique pilée, doit être rapidement interrompue lorsqu'il pleut et ces terrains doivent souvent être bâchés pour les preserver de l'eau de pluie qui les gorge­rait; ce qui, sans cette précaution, d'une part, entraînerait une longue immobilisation desdits terrains jusqu'au moment où ils seraient au moins partiellement asséchés et, d'autre part, risquerait d'endomma­ger irrémédiablement les surfaces trop humides lorsqu'elles sont soumises aux contraintes du jeu. En ce qui concerne les autres terrains de sport soumis aux intempéries et en particulier les terrains de football, pourvus d'un revêtement garni de végétaux, ceux-ci se dégradent rapidement et perdent définitivement leur planéité lorsqu'ils sont trop fréquemment utilisés à l'état trop humide, ce qui fausse les conditions de jeu en rendant ce dernier peu précis et pénible pour les joueurs, dont notamment l'équilibre est rendu précaire par manque d'adhérence.We are very well aware of all the problems posed by outdoor sports fields, despite all the care taken during their establishment, and which mainly result from insufficient infiltration of rainwater, through their permeable coating comprising either elements natural, such as plants, crushed brick, etc., or synthetic materials, owing in particular to the physical properties of the foundations on which the coverings are laid. Thus, for example, the practice of tennis on outdoor fields, mainly those covered with turf or crushed brick, must be quickly stopped when it rains and these fields often have to be tarped to preserve them from water. rain that would gorge them; which, without this precaution, on the one hand, would entail a long immobilization of the said grounds until the moment when they were at least partially drained and, on the other hand, would risk irreparably damaging the too wet surfaces when they are subjected to the constraints of the game. As regards the other sports fields subject to bad weather and in particular the football fields, provided with a covering filled with plants, these degrade quickly and permanently lose their flatness when they are too frequently used in the too wet state, which distorts the playing conditions by making the latter imprecise and painful for players, whose balance is made precarious by lack of grip.

L'invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients susdits présentés par les terrains de sport extérieurs connus et en particulier les terrains à surfaces planes et horizontales, tels que terrains de football, de tennis, de hockey, de basketball,etc. et de procurer un procédé de réalisation et d'entretien de ces terrains, à un coût qui est inférieur au coût de réalisation et d'entretien des terrains tradition­nels, qui assure principalement auxdits terrains un drainage automatique suffisant pour que ces terrains puissent être utilisés, sans modifica­tion sensible des conditions du jeu et sans risque de dégradation, soit sous la pluie, soit très rapidement après des pluies, même fortes.The object of the invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks presented by known outdoor sports fields and in particular fields with flat and horizontal surfaces, such as football, tennis, hockey, basketball, etc. and to provide a method of making and maintaining these lands, at a cost which is lower than the cost of making and maintaining traditional lands, which mainly provides said lands with sufficient automatic drainage so that these lands can be used, without appreciable modification of the conditions of the game and without risk of degradation, either in the rain, or very quickly after rain, even heavy.

A cet effet, suivant l'invention, ledit procédé consiste à poser, sur un support stabilisé et pratiquement indéformable, un revêtement perméable à l'eau et à maintenir, au moins pendant le temps d'utilisation du terrain et à travers le support, une quantité d'eau, constante et sensiblement uniformément répartie, dans le revête­ment afin d'assurer à ce dernier, et en particulier à sa surface sur laquelle se pratique un sport, une humidité déterminée.To this end, according to the invention, said method consists in placing, on a stabilized and practically non-deformable support, a coating permeable to water and in maintaining, at least during the time of use of the ground and through the support, a quantity of water, constant and substantially uniformly distributed, in the coating in order to provide the latter, and in particular on its surface on which a sport is practiced, with a determined humidity.

Suivant une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, on realise le support susdit pour qu'il soit rigide et indéformable et pour que sa face supérieure, destinée à recevoir le revêtement précité, soit sensiblement plane et horizontale, on rend imperméable au moins ladite face supérieure du support, on pratique dans celui-ci, transversalement à sa face supérieure et sur toute son épaisseur, des canaux d'écoulement d'eau régulièrement répartis, on garnit la face supérieure du support du revêtement susdit qui est perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions, on recueille, sous le support, l'eau de pluie imbibant le revêtement et qui s'écoule à travers les canaux précités, on canalise et on évacue, par gravité, l'eau recueillie vers la périphérie du terrain.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned support is produced so that it is rigid and non-deformable and so that its upper face, intended to receive the aforementioned coating, is substantially plane and horizontal, at least the said is made impermeable upper face of the support, there is formed therein, transversely to its upper face and over its entire thickness, regularly distributed water flow channels, the upper face of the support is filled with the aforementioned coating which is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions, the rainwater which soaks the coating and which flows through the aforementioned channels is collected under the support, it is channeled and the water collected is discharged by gravity towards the periphery of the land.

Pour des terrains de sport extérieurs, dont le revêtement ­est constitué par des végétaux, on sait aussi que, par grande sécheresse, le revêtement se dégrade par dépérissement des végétaux, et ce malgré les arrosages plus ou moins fréquents. On sait aussi que les terrains dont le revêtement comprend de la brique pilée, deviennent tres glissants lorsque l'humidité du revêtement descend, toujours en cas de grande sécheresse, en dessous d'un seuil déterminé, inférieur a 6 %. Quant aux terrains à revêtement perméable synthétique, ils occasionnent, lorsque leur revêtement a une humidité inférieure a 6 %, des brûlures aux joueurs lorsque leur peau entre en contact et glisse sur le revêtement.For outdoor sports grounds, the coating of which is made up of plants, it is also known that, in extreme dryness, the coating degrades by dieback of the plants, despite the more or less frequent watering. We also know that land with a covering of crushed brick becomes very slippery when the humidity of the covering drops, always in the event of severe drought, below a determined threshold, below 6%. As for lands with synthetic permeable coating, they cause, when their coating has a humidity lower than 6%, burns to players when their skin comes into contact and slips on the coating.

L'invention a également pour but de pallier ces inconvé­nients.The invention also aims to overcome these drawbacks.

Suivant le procédé conforme à l'invention, on stocke à proximité du terrain au moins une partie de l'eau recueillie, on mesure, de préférence en permanence, l'humidité du revêtement et, lorsque cette humidité se situe en dessous d'un seuil déterminé, on pompe automatiquement de l'eau stockée et on réinjecte cette eau dans le revêtement à travers les canaux précités prévus dans le support jusqu'au moment où le seuil déterminé d'humidité dudit revêtement est atteint.According to the process according to the invention, at least part of the collected water is stored near the ground, the humidity of the coating is preferably measured continuously, and when this humidity is below a determined threshold, stored water is automatically pumped and this water is reinjected into the coating through the aforementioned channels provided in the support until the determined humidity threshold of said coating is reached.

Quant aux terrains intérieurs, à revêtement synthétique ou naturel, ils présentent les mêmes inconvénients, lorsque l'humidité de leur revêtement est inférieur à 6 que ceux présentés par les terrains extérieurs en cas de grande sécheresse.As for the indoor grounds, with synthetic or natural coating, they have the same drawbacks, when the humidity of their coating is less than 6 than those presented by the outdoor grounds in case of great drought.

L'invention a aussi pour but de remédier à ces inconve­nients présentés par ces terrains intérieurs.The invention also aims to remedy these drawbacks presented by these indoor courts.

Suivant l'invention, on realise le support susdit afin, d'une part, qu il soit stable, indéformable et perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions et, d'autre part, que sa face supérieure, destinée à recevoir le revêtement précité, soit sensiblement plane et horizontale, on rend imperméable la face inférieure du support, on menage dans ce dernier, à proximité de ladite face inférieure et parallèlement à celle-ci, un reseau de distri­bution et de répartition uniforme d'eau qu'on alimente à partir d'une source d'eau extérieure au terrain, on garnit la face supérieure du support du revêtement susdit qui est perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions, on mesure, de préférence en permanence, l'humidité du revêtement et, lorsque cette humidité se situe en dessous d'un seuil déterminé, on alimente le réseau susdit en eau, pour humidifier le support et le revêtement, jusqu'au moment où le seuil déterminé d'humidité du revêtement précité est atteint.According to the invention, the above-mentioned support is produced so that, on the one hand, it is stable, non-deformable and permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions and, on the other hand, that its upper face, intended to receive the aforementioned coating, ie substantially flat and horizontal, the underside of the support is made waterproof, there is provided in the latter, near said underside and parallel to it, a distribution and uniform distribution network d water which is supplied from a source of water external to the ground, the upper face of the support is filled with the above-mentioned coating which is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions, we measure, preferably permanently, the humidity of the coating and, when this humidity is below a determined threshold, the above-mentioned network is supplied with water, to moisten the support and the coating, until the threshold determines humidity of the aforementioned coating is reached.

L'invention a également pour objet un terrain, en particu­lier pour la pratique d'un sport et qui est obtenu par la mise en oeuvre du procédé susdit.The invention also relates to a field, in particular for the practice of a sport and which is obtained by the implementation of the above method.

Suivant une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, le revêtement perméable destiné à être soumis aux intempéries et à la surface duquel se pratique un sport est associé à un support se présentant sous la forme d'une dalle rigide et indéformable dont au moins la face tournée vers le revêtement est imperméable, cette dalle présentant des canaux régulièrement répartis qui s'étendent sur toute l'épaisseur de la dalle pour déboucher, à la base de cette dernière, dans des conduites d'évacuation d'eau reliant les canaux entre eux et dirigées vers la périphérie de la surface où l'eau recoltée est soit évacuée, soit partiellement stockée.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the permeable coating intended to be subjected to weathering and on the surface of which a sport is practiced is associated with a support in the form of a rigid and non-deformable slab of which at least the face facing the coating is waterproof, this slab having regularly distributed channels which extend over the entire thickness of the slab to open, at the base of the latter, in water evacuation pipes connecting the channels between them and directed towards the periphery of the surface where the harvested water is either evacuated or partially stored.

Suivant un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux de l'invention, la dalle formant le support est constituée d'éléments modulaires rectangulaires juxtaposés et dont les faces latérales sont profilées pour qu'un intervalle formant un canal destiné à l'écoulement de l'eau subsiste entre les faces latérales de deux éléments consécutifs, au moins le long de deux côtés parallèles de chaque élément, ces éléments modulaires étant supportés par des poutres disposées de manière à ce que les deux côtés parallèles susdits de deux éléments juxtaposés et qui délimitent un intervalle précité reposent sur une même poutre, chacune de ces poutres étant profilée pour former une conduite précitée destinée à recueillir l'eau s'écoulant à travers les intervalles subsistant entre deux rangées d'éléments modulaires, ces conduites débouchant dans un collecteur ménagé en dehors de la surface et présentant deux branches s'étendant perpendiculairement aux intervalles.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the slab forming the support consists of rectangular modular elements juxtaposed and whose lateral faces are profiled so that an interval forming a channel intended for the flow of water remains between the lateral faces of two consecutive elements, at least along two parallel sides of each element, these modular elements being supported by beams arranged in such a way that the two above-mentioned parallel sides of two elements juxtaposed and which delimit an abovementioned interval rest on the same beam, each of these beams being profiled to form the aforementioned pipe intended to collect the water flowing through the intervals remaining between two rows of modular elements, these pipes opening into a collector arranged outside the surface and having two branches extending perpendicularly at intervals.

Suivant une autre forme de réalisation d'un terrain intérieur, son revêtement perméable, soit synthétique, soit naturel constitué de végétaux plantés dans une couche fertilisante, est associée a la face supérieure d'un support stabilisé et perméable dont la face inférieu­re est posée sur une couche de matière imperméable, soutenue pour être indéformable, et qui est constitué d'au moins deux couches de matière superposées, une première couche inférieure dans laquelle est noyé le réseau susdit constitué de tubes perforés régulièrement espacés et destinés à répandre de l'eau dans cette première couche qui est constituée de granulés choisis pour y répartir uniformément l'eau et une seconde couche constituée d'un matériau tel qu'un matériau synthétique, capable de transférer dans le revêtement, par capillarité, l'eau régulièrement répartie dans la première couche, une source d'eau, telle qu'une citerne pouvant débiter une quantité d'eau suffisante pour maintenir une humidité déterminée dans le revêtement, étant prévue à proximité du terrain, des moyens étant prévus pour mesurer, de préférence en permanence, l'humidité du revêtement et agencés pour commander automatiquement, lorsque l'humidité mesurée est inférieure à l'humidité déterminée et jusqu'au moment où cette dernière est rétablie, une pompe associée à la citerne précitée et agencée pour amener l'eau contenue dans cette dernière dans les tubes perforés précités.According to another embodiment of an interior terrain, its permeable covering, either synthetic or natural, consisting of plants planted in a fertilizing layer, is associated with the upper face of a stabilized and permeable support whose lower face is placed on a layer of impermeable material, supported to be non-deformable, and which consists of at least two superimposed layers of material, a first lower layer in which is embedded the above-mentioned network consisting of perforated tubes regularly spaced and intended to spread water in this first layer which is made up of granules chosen to distribute them evenly water and a second layer made of a material such as a synthetic material, capable of transferring into the coating, by capillary action, the water regularly distributed in the first layer, a source of water, such as a tank capable of delivering a quantity of water sufficient to maintain a determined humidity in the coating, being provided close to the ground, means being provided for measuring, preferably permanently, the humidity of the coating and arranged to control automatically, when the measured humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, a pump associated with the aforementioned tank and arranged to bring the water contained in the latter into the aforementioned perforated tubes.

D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description des dessins annexés au présent mémoire et qui illustrent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, le procédé suivant l'invention ainsi que des formes de réalisation particulières de terrains de sport obtenues à l'aide dudit procédé.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en plan, avec brisures partielles, d'un terrain de football extérieur dont la surface est garnie d'un revêtement synthétique.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1, avec brisures partielles et à plus grande échelle que celle de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une vue schématique, en perspective et avec brisures partielles, représentant une variante du terrain de sport illustré aux figures 1 et 2, dans laquelle le revêtement est constitué de matériaux naturels, tels que végétaux, mais pourrait aussi être constitué de brique pilée, ou d'une matière synthétique.
  • La figure 4 est une vue partielle, en coupe, d'un terrain de sport intérieur suivant l'invention.
  • Les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues de détail, à plus grande échelle que celle de la figure 4, de variantes du terrain de sport illustré à ladite figure 4.
Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description of the drawings appended to this memo and which illustrate, by way of non-limiting examples, the method according to the invention as well as particular embodiments of sports grounds obtained. using said method.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view, partially broken, of an outdoor football field whose surface is covered with a synthetic coating.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of FIG. 1, with partial breaks and on a larger scale than that of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view, in perspective and partially broken, showing a variant of the sports field illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, in which the covering is made of natural materials, such as plants, but could also be made of brick crushed, or of a synthetic material.
  • Figure 4 is a partial view, in section, of an indoor sports field according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are detailed views, on a larger scale than that of FIG. 4, of variants of the sports field illustrated in said FIG. 4.

Dans les différentes figures, les mêmes notations de référence désignent des éléments identiques ou analogues.In the different figures, the same reference notations designate identical or analogous elements.

Le procédé, suivant l'invention et illustré aux dessins, est destiné à la réalisation et à l'entretien, d'une part, d'un terrain de sport extérieur à surface 1 plane et horizontale, qui est couverte d'un revêtement perméable 2 pouvant être soit asséché automatiquement et rapidement, soit maintenu à un degré d'humidité déterminé et, d'autre part, un terrain de sport intérieur dont la surface 1 est couverte d'un revêtement perméable 2 auquel on assure une humidité déterminée constante. Ce procédé consiste à poser, sur un support 3 stabilisé et pratiquement indéformable, le revêtement perméable 2 susdit et à maintenir, au moins pendant le temps d'utilisation du terrain et à travers le support 3, une quantité d'eau, constante et sensiblement uniformément répartie, dans le revêtement de manière à lui assurer une humidité déterminée. Dans le cas d'un terrain extérieur, l'humidité de revêtement peut être abaissée jusqu'à 0 % (lorsqu'on désire assécher totalement le revêtement) et maintenue entre 0 % et 10 % (lorsque l'on désire assurer la croissance régulière des végétaux du revêtement ou conserver les propriétés antidérapantes du revêtement et éliminer les risques de brûlure susdits). Pour un terrain intérieur, l'humidité peut être maintenue entre 8 et 10 % pour assurer la croissance des végétaux constituant le revêtement, les qualités antidérapantes de la brique pilée dudit revêtement ou éliminer les risques de brûlures pouvant être provoquées par un revêtement synthétique.The method according to the invention and illustrated in the drawings, is intended for the production and maintenance, on the one hand, of an outdoor sports ground with a flat and horizontal surface 1, which is covered with a permeable coating 2 can be either dried automatically and quickly, or maintained at a determined degree of humidity and, on the other hand, an indoor sports field whose surface 1 is covered with a permeable coating 2 to which a constant determined humidity is ensured. This process consists in placing, on a stabilized and practically non-deformable support 3, the above permeable coating 2 and in maintaining, at least during the time of use of the ground and through the support 3, a quantity of water, constant and substantially uniformly distributed in the coating so as to provide it with a determined humidity. In the case of outdoor land, the coating moisture can be lowered to 0% (when you want to completely dry the coating) and maintained between 0% and 10% (when you want to ensure regular growth of the coating plants or keep the non-slip properties of the coating and eliminate the risks of the above-mentioned burns). For an indoor field, humidity can be maintained between 8 and 10% to ensure the growth of the plants constituting the coating, the non-slip qualities of the crushed brick of said coating or eliminate the risk of burns that can be caused by a synthetic coating.

Comme montré aux figures 1 et 2, pour la réalisation d'un terrain extérieur, on installe un support rigide et indéformable 3 sur lequel repose le revêtement 2 pour que sa face supérieure 4 soit plane et horizontale. Au moins cette face 4 du support est rendue imperméable et on pratique dans ce dernier, transversalement à sa face 4 et sur toute son épaisseur, des canaux 5 d'écoulement d'eau qui sont régulièrement répartis. Le revêtement 2 qui est utilisé est perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions pour que l'eau s'y répartisse uniformément et puisse s'écouler facile­ment par les canaux 5 à travers le support 3 pour être recueillie sous ce dernier et canalisée vers la périphérie de la surface 1. Si l'on souhaite assécher totalement le revêtement 2 en matériau synthéti­que, l'entièreté de l'eau recueillie est évacuée définitivement à l'écart de la surface 1. Par contre, comme montré à la figure 3, lorsque le revêtement 2 est un revêtement synthétique ou un revêtement à base de brique pilée posé sur un support 3, il est nécessaire de maintenir une certaine humidité dans ce revêtement 2. Pour ce faire, on stocke, en 7 et à proximité de la surface 1, au moins une partie de l'eau de pluie s'écoulant à travers le revêtement 2 par les canaux 5. On mesure, de préférence en permanence, la teneur en eau du revêtement 2. Lorsque cette teneur en eau est inférieure a une teneur prédéterminée, on pompe automatiquement l'eau stockée et on la réinjecte, à travers les canaux 5 du support 3, dans le revêtement 2 jusqu'à ce que ce dernier ait retrouve sa teneur en eau prédéterminée. On pratiquerait de la même manière pour conserver une humidité constante à un revête­ment constitué essentiellement par des végétaux enracinés dans une couche de matière fertile 6 posée sur le support 3.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, for the realization of an outdoor terrain, a rigid and non-deformable support 3 is installed on which the covering 2 rests so that its upper face 4 is flat and horizontal. At least this face 4 of the support is made impermeable and in the latter, transverse to its face 4 and over its entire thickness, water flow channels 5 which are regularly distributed are practiced. The coating 2 which is used is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions so that the water is distributed therein uniformly and can easily flow through the channels 5 through the support 3 to be collected under the latter and channeled towards the periphery of the surface 1. If it is desired to completely dry the coating 2 of synthetic material, all of the water collected is evacuated definitively away from the surface 1. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, when the covering 2 is a synthetic covering or a covering based on crushed brick placed on a support 3, it is necessary to maintain a certain humidity in this covering 2. To do this, we store, at 7 and close to the surface 1 , at least part of the rainwater flowing through the coating 2 through the channels 5. The water content of the coating 2 is preferably measured continuously. When this water content is less than a content predetermined, the stored water is automatically pumped and reinjected, through the channels 5 of the support 3, into the coating 2 until the latter has regained its predetermined water content. We would practice in the same way to keep a constant humidity to a coating consisting essentially of plants rooted in a layer of fertile material 6 placed on the support 3.

Au cas où l'on désire soit éviter le gel de l'eau contenue dans le revêtement 2, soit faire fondre de la neige couvrant ce revête­ment, on prévoit de chauffer le support 3 et on isole avantageusement thermiquement la face 8 de celui-ci qui est opposée à la face 4 couverte par le revêtement 2.If it is desired either to avoid freezing of the water contained in the coating 2, or to melt snow covering this coating, provision is made to heat the support 3 and the face 8 of the latter is advantageously thermally insulated which is opposite to the face 4 covered by the coating 2.

Pour un terrain couvert, on réalise, comme montré à la figure 4, un support 3 pour que, d'une part, il soit stable, indéforma­ble et perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions et, d'autre part, sa face supérieure 4 destinée a recevoir le revêtement 2 soit plane et horizontale. On rend imperméable la face inférieure 8 du support et on menage dans ce dernier, à proximité de cette face 8 et parallèlement à celle-ci, un réseau 24 de distribution et de répartition uniforme d'eau qui est alimentée à partir d'une source d'eau, non représentée, qui est extérieure au terrain. On garnit la face du support du revêtement 2 qui est perméable a l'eau, dans toutes les directions et sur toute son épaisseur, et constitué de matériaux synthétiques ou naturels. Pour maintenir une humidité déterminée dans le revêtement 2, on mesure en permanence son humidité et, lorsque celle-ci tombe en dessous d'un seuil déterminé, on alimente le réseau 24 en eau pour humidifier le revêtement, via le support 3, jusqu'au moment où le seuil déterminé d'humidité du revêtement est atteint. Il est évident qu'un tel terrain pourrait également, conformément à l'invention, être réalisé à l'extérieur. Dans ce cas, l'eau excédentaire dans le revêtement 2 et dans le support 3 peut être drainée grâce au reseau 24 d'amenée d'eau susdit.For a covered ground, as shown in FIG. 4, a support 3 is made so that, on the one hand, it is stable, non-deformable and permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions and, on the other hand, its upper face 4 intended to receive the coating 2 is flat and horizontal. The lower face 8 of the support is made waterproof and in this latter, near this face 8 and parallel to it, a network 24 of distribution and uniform distribution of water which is supplied from a source of water, not shown, which is external to the ground. The face of the support is lined with the coating 2 which is permeable to water, in all directions and over its entire thickness, and made of synthetic or natural materials. To maintain a determined humidity in the coating 2, its humidity is constantly measured and, when it falls below a determined threshold, the network 24 is supplied with water to humidify the coating, via the support 3, until when the determined coating moisture threshold is reached. Obviously such a field could also, in accordance with the invention, be produced outside. In this case, the excess water in the coating 2 and in the support 3 can be drained thanks to the above-mentioned water supply network 24.

Le terrain pour la pratique d'un sport, suivant l'invention et illustré aux figures 1 à 3, a son revêtement perméable 2 qui est associé à un support 3 qui se présente sous la forme d'une dalle rigide et indéformable. Au moins la face 4 du support 3, qui est plane et horizontale et qui est couverte par le revêtement 2, est imperméable pour que l'eau imprégnant ledit revêtement se répartisse uniformément sur cette face 4. Comme la dalle présente des canaux 5 régulièrement répartis, qui s'étendent sur toute l'épaisseur de la dalle pour déboucher sur les faces opposées 4 et 8 de cette dernière (figure 2), l'eau qui se répartit sensiblement uniformément dans le recouvrement 2 et à la surface 4 de la dalle, s'écoule régulièrement dans lesdits canaux 5 à travers la dalle pour être recueillie dans des conduites d'évacuation d'eau 9, qui sont soit horizontales, soit présentent une légère pente, dirigeant l'eau récoltée vers la périphérie de la surface où l'eau est soit totalement évacuée vers les égoûts 10 (figures 1 et 2) grâce a un collecteur périphérique 11 dans lequel débouchent les conduits d'évacuation 9, soit au moins partiellement stockée, en 7, dans une citerne 12 à laquelle est raccordé le collecteur périphérique 11.The field for practicing a sport, according to the invention and illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, has its permeable coating 2 which is associated with a support 3 which is in the form of a rigid and non-deformable slab. At least the face 4 of the support 3, which is flat and horizontal and which is covered by the coating 2, is impermeable so that the water impregnating said coating is distributed uniformly on this face 4. As the slab has channels 5 regularly distributed , which extend over the entire thickness of the slab to lead to the opposite faces 4 and 8 of the latter (FIG. 2), the water which is distributed substantially uniformly in the covering 2 and at the surface 4 of the slab , flows regularly in said channels 5 through the slab to be collected in water discharge pipes 9, which are either horizontal or have a slight slope, directing the harvested water towards the periphery of the surface where the water is either completely evacuated to the sewers 10 (Figures 1 and 2) thanks to a peripheral collector 11 into which the evacuation conduits 9 open, or at least partially stored, at 7, in a tank erne 12 to which the peripheral collector 11 is connected.

Comme montré aux figures 1 et 2, la dalle qui constitue le support 3 susdit est avantageusement constituée par des éléments modulaires 13 rectangulaires qui sont juxtaposés et dont les deux faces latérales opposées 14 et 15 sont profilées pour qu'un intervalle 16, qui s'étend sur pratiquement toute la longueur de ces faces et constitue un des canaux 5 précités pour l'écoulement de l'eau à travers la dalle, subsiste entre deux éléments modulaires immédiatement voisins. Il est évident que, suivant l'invention, les intervalles pourraient également être ménagés soit uniquement entre les autres faces latéra­les opposées des éléments modulaire 13, soit entre les faces 14 et 15 susdites et entre les autres faces latérales opposées des éléments 13, afin de former deux séries de canaux 5 qui s'étendraient perpendi­culairement les uns aux autres et qui déboucheraient dans deux séries de conduites d'évacuation d'eau 9 perpendiculaires les unes aux autres et qui débouchent dans le collecteur 11. Les éléments modulaires 13 sont supportés, à proximité de leurs faces latérales 14 et 15, par des poutres 17 qui sont chacune profilées pour former une conduite 9, les poutres 17′ supportant les éléments 13, qui forment les extrémités opposées de la dalle, étant profilées pour former deux des branches du collecteur 11.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the slab which constitutes the above-mentioned support 3 is advantageously constituted by modular rectangular elements 13 which are juxtaposed and whose two opposite lateral faces 14 and 15 are profiled so that an interval 16, which s extends over practically the entire length of these faces and constitutes one of the aforementioned channels 5 for the flow of water through the slab, remains between two immediately adjacent modular elements. It is obvious that, according to the invention, the intervals could also be formed either only between the other opposite lateral faces of the modular elements 13, or between the faces 14 and 15 above and between the other opposite lateral faces of the elements 13, in order to form two series of channels 5 which extend perpendicularly to each other and which lead into two series of water discharge pipes 9 perpendicular to each other and which open into the manifold 11. The modular elements 13 are supported, near their lateral faces 14 and 15, by beams 17 which are each profiled to form a pipe 9, the beams 17 ′ supporting the elements 13, which form the opposite ends of the slab, being profiled to form two of the branches of the collector 11.

Ces éléments modulaires 13 sont avantageusement préfa­briqués et réalisés en béton armé. Ils sont avantageusement rendus entièrement imperméables grâce à une enveloppe totale 18 réalisée en une matière synthétique du type rétractable à la chaleur. Les poutres 17 et 17′, qui sont également avantageusement réalisée en béton armé et préfabriquées, sont disposées, lorsque la surface est réalisée au niveau du sol, sur un lit de cendrée ou de gravier nivelé 19. Les éléments modulaires 13 ont leur face, comprise entre les poutres 17 et 17′ et tournée vers le lit 19, qui est isolée thermiquement par une couche de polystyrène expansé 20 accolée à ladite face ; cette couche de polystyrène 20 étant elle-même séparée du lit 19 par une feuille de matière plastique imperméable 21.These modular elements 13 are advantageously prefabricated and made of reinforced concrete. They are advantageously made entirely waterproof by virtue of a total envelope 18 made of a synthetic material of the heat shrinkable type. The beams 17 and 17 ′, which are also advantageously made of reinforced concrete and prefabricated, are arranged, when the surface is produced at ground level, on a bed of leveled ash or gravel 19. The modular elements 13 have their face, between the beams 17 and 17 ′ and facing the bed 19, which is thermally insulated by a layer of expanded polystyrene 20 attached to said face; this polystyrene layer 20 being itself separated from the bed 19 by a sheet of impermeable plastic material 21.

Dans la forme de réalisation illustrée aux figures 1 et 2, la couche de matière synthétique constituant le revêtement perméable 2, est soit tendue, soit fixée par collage, sur la face supérieure des éléments modulaires 13, et rabattue sur au moins une partie des faces latérales 14 et 15 desdits éléments afin de border les intervalles 16 susdits et favoriser en le régularisant, l'écoulement de l'eau dans les conduites 5 formées par ces intervalles. Une couche de matière élastique et perméable (non représentée), telle qu'en granulé de caout­chouc, peut être interposée entre le revêtement 2 et l'élément modulai­re 13 pour accroître la souplesse dudit revêtement. Tels qu'ils sont conçus, ces éléments modulaires 13, à revêtement incorporé, sont donc amovibles de sorte que des éléments détériorés peuvent être aisément remplacés, ce qui simplifie de manière notable les opérations d'entretien des surfaces.In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the layer of synthetic material constituting the permeable covering 2, is either stretched or fixed by gluing, on the upper face of the modular elements 13, and folded down on at least part of the faces lateral 14 and 15 of said elements in order to border the aforementioned intervals 16 and favor, by regularizing it, the flow of water in the conduits 5 formed by these intervals. A layer of elastic and permeable material (not shown), such as in rubber granules, can be interposed between the coating 2 and the modular element 13 to increase the flexibility of said coating. As they are designed, these modular elements 13, with incorporated coating, are therefore removable so that deteriorated elements can be easily replaced, which significantly simplifies surface maintenance operations.

Dans la forme de réalisation illustrée à la figure 3, le revêtement 2 illustré est constitué par des végétaux enracinés dans la couche fertile 6 susdite répartie uniformément sur la dalle constituant le support 3, le collecteur 11 alimente une citerne 12 d'une capacité suffisante pour maintenir, en permanence et en cas de sécheresse, une humidité déterminée, dans cette couche fertile 6, en fonction des végétaux utilisés et de la quantité d'eau necessaire à leur survie. Des capteurs 22, qui sont prévus pour mesurer en permanence l'humidité de ladite couche fertile 6 et constitués par exemple par des hygromères à diffusion qui mesurent la diffusion de la vapeur d'eau à travers un milieu poreux, sont agencés pour commander automatiquement, lorsque l'humidité mesurée est inférieure à l'humidité déterminée et jusqu'au moment où cette dernière est rétablie, l'entraînement d'une pompe 23 associée à la citerne 12. Cette pompe est agencée pour refouler l'eau contenue dans la citerne vers la couche fertile 6 à travers le collecteur 11, les conduites 9 et les canaux 5 ménagés dans le support 3.In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the coating 2 illustrated consists of plants rooted in the above-mentioned fertile layer 6 distributed uniformly over the slab constituting the support 3, the collector 11 supplies a tank 12 with a capacity sufficient to maintain, permanently and in the event of drought, a determined humidity, in this fertile layer 6, according to the plants used and the quantity of water necessary for their survival. Sensors 22, which are provided for permanently measuring the humidity of said fertile layer 6 and constituted for example by diffusion hygromers which measure the diffusion of water vapor through a porous medium, are arranged to control automatically, when the measured humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, the driving of a pump 23 associated with the tank 12. This pump is arranged to discharge the water contained in the tank towards the fertile layer 6 through the collector 11, the pipes 9 and the channels 5 formed in the support 3.

Dans les formes de réalisation illustrées aux figures 1 à 3 et pour élever le température du support 3 afin soit d'éviter le gel de l'eau contenue dans le revêtement 2, soit de fondre la neige présente sur le revêtement, la dalle formant ledit support 3 est munie de moyens de chauffage non représentés et constitués par exemple par des résistances électriques noyées dans la dalle. Des moyens sont alors prévus pour mesurer en permanence la température de la dalle et du revêtement, ces moyens étant agencés pour mettre sous tension les résistances quand la température mesurée est infé­rieure à une température prédéterminée.In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 and to raise the temperature of the support 3 in order either to avoid freezing of the water contained in the coating 2, or to melt the snow present on the coating, the slab forming said support 3 is provided with heating means not shown and constituted for example by electrical resistances embedded in the slab. Means are then provided for continuously measuring the temperature of the slab and of the covering, these means being arranged to energize the resistors when the measured temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature.

Pour les terrains intérieurs suivant l'invention, le revête­ment perméable 2 susdit est soit à base d'un matériau synthétique (voir figures 5 et 6), soit constitué de végétaux plantés dans une couche fertilisante (voir figure 4). Ce revêtement est associé à la face supérieure 4 d'un support 3 stabilisé et perméable dont la face inférieure 8 est posée sur une couche 25 de matière imperméable soutenue sur toute sa surface pour être indéformable. Dans les formes de réalisation illustrées aux figures 4 à 6, le support 3 est constitué de trois couches de matière 26, 27 et 28 superposées sur lesquelles est posé soit un revêtement 2 constitué d'une couche fertilisante 6 dans laquelle sont plantés des végétaux constituant la surface 1 susdite (figure 4), soit un revetement 2 dont la base est un gazon synthétique (figures 5 et 6). La couche inférieure 26 du support est constituée de granulés, choisis pour que l'eau puisse s'y répartir uniformément, dans lesquels est noyé le reseau 24 susdit formé de tubes perforés 29 régulièrement espaces et destinés à répandre de l'eau dans cette couche 26. La couche intermédiaire 27, posée sur la couche 26 et le réseau 24, est constituée d'un matériau synthétique capable de transférer, par capillarité, de la couche 26 l'eau déjà grossiè­rement répartie dans cette dernière dans la couche supérieure 28 du support 3 où ladite eau est parfaitement répartie pour être mise en contact avec le revêtement perméable 2. Une source d'eau, non représentée, pouvant débiter une quantité d'eau suffisante pour maintenir l'humidité souhaitée du revêtement, est prévue à proximité du terrain et des hygromètres 22 sont associés audit revêtement 2 pour y mesurer en permanence l'humidité et agencés pour commander automatiquement, lorsque l'humidité est inférieure à l'humidité déterminée et jusqu'au moment où cette dernière est rétablie, l'admission d'eau dans les tubes perforés 29. Comme montré à la figure 5, le gazon synthétique constituant le revêtement 2 a ses brins 30 qui sont maintenus sensible­ment verticaux par une couche de sable 31 régulièrement répartie dans le revêtement à raison de 25 à 30 kg au m². Les extrémités libres 32 des brins 30 font saillie d'environ 2 mm par rapport à la couche de sable afin de constituer une surface 1 comparable à du gazon naturel. Les lignes 33, qui délimitent les zones du terrain en fonction du jeu pratiqué, sont marquées, pour être ineffaçables, dans la masse des brins 30. Pour que la surface soit comparable à une surface en brique pilée traditionnelle, la couche de sable 31 susdite est, comme montré à la figure 6, surmontée jusqu'à un niveau légèrement supérieur au niveau des extrémités libres 32 des brins 30, d'une couche 34 de brique pilée. Pour rendre les lignes 33 susdites ineffaçables, les brins qui sont marqués dans la masse pour former ces lignes 33 ont une longueur supérieure a celle des autres brins 30 et ce, pour que leurs extrémités libres 32 affleurent à la face supérieure 35 de la couche de brique pilée.For the indoor areas according to the invention, the above permeable coating 2 is either based on a synthetic material (see FIGS. 5 and 6), or consists of plants planted in a fertilizing layer (see FIG. 4). This coating is associated with the upper face 4 of a stabilized and permeable support 3, the lower face 8 of which is placed on a layer 25 of impermeable material supported over its entire surface so as to be non-deformable. In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, the support 3 consists of three layers of material 26, 27 and 28 superimposed on which is placed either a coating 2 consisting of a fertilizing layer 6 in which plants are planted constituting the aforementioned surface 1 (FIG. 4), that is to say a covering 2 whose base is a grass synthetic (Figures 5 and 6). The lower layer 26 of the support is made up of granules, chosen so that the water can be distributed therein uniformly, in which the above-mentioned network 24 is embedded, formed of perforated tubes 29 regularly spaced and intended to spread water in this layer 26. The intermediate layer 27, placed on the layer 26 and the network 24, consists of a synthetic material capable of transferring, by capillarity, from the layer 26 the water already roughly distributed in the latter in the upper layer 28 of the support 3 where said water is perfectly distributed to be brought into contact with the permeable coating 2. A source of water, not shown, capable of delivering a quantity of water sufficient to maintain the desired humidity of the coating, is provided near the field and hygrometers 22 are associated with said covering 2 to permanently measure the humidity therein and arranged to control automatically, when the humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, the admission of water into the perforated tubes 29. As shown in FIG. 5, the synthetic grass constituting the covering 2 has its strands 30 which are maintained substantially vertical by a layer of sand 31 regularly distributed in the coating at a rate of 25 to 30 kg per m². The free ends 32 of the strands 30 protrude about 2 mm relative to the layer of sand in order to constitute a surface 1 comparable to natural grass. The lines 33, which delimit the zones of the ground according to the game practiced, are marked, to be erasable, in the mass of the strands 30. So that the surface is comparable to a surface in traditional crushed brick, the aforementioned layer of sand 31 is, as shown in FIG. 6, surmounted to a level slightly higher than at the level of the free ends 32 of the strands 30, with a layer 34 of crushed brick. To make the aforementioned lines 33 erasable, the strands which are marked in the mass to form these lines 33 have a length greater than that of the other strands 30, so that their free ends 32 are flush with the upper face 35 of the layer of crushed brick.

Il doit être entendu que l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites et que bien des modifications peuvent être apportées à ces dernières sans sortir du cadre du présent brevet.It should be understood that the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and that many modifications can be made to these without departing from the scope of this patent.

Claims (19)

1. Procédé pour la réalisation et l'entretien d'un terrain, en particulier d'un terrain sur lequel se pratique un sport, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à poser, sur un support (3) stabilisé et pratiquement indéformable, un revêtement (2) perméable à l'eau et à maintenir, au moins pendant le temps d'utilisation du terrain et à travers le support, une quantité d'eau, constante et sensiblement uniformément répartie, dans le revêtement afin d'assurer à ce dernier, et en particu­lier à sa surface (1) sur laquelle se pratique un sport, une humidité déterminée.1. Method for making and maintaining a field, in particular a field on which a sport is practiced, characterized in that it consists in placing, on a stabilized and practically non-deformable support (3), coating (2) permeable to water and to maintain, at least during the time of use of the ground and through the support, a quantity of water, constant and substantially uniformly distributed, in the coating in order to ensure that last, and in particular on its surface (1) on which a sport is practiced, a specific humidity. 2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour un terrain dont la surface (1) est soumise aux intempéries, on realise le support (3) susdit pour qu il soit rigide et indéformable et pour que sa face supérieure (4), destinée à recevoir le revêtement (2) précité, soit sensiblement plane et horizontale, on rend imperméable au moins ladite face supérieure (4) du support, on pratique dans celui-ci, transversalement à sa face supérieure et sur toute son épaisseur, des canaux d'ecoulement d'eau (5) régulièrement répartis, on garnit la face supérieure du support du revêtement (2) susdit qui est perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions, on recueille, sous le support (3), l'eau de pluie imbibant le revêtement et qui s'écoule à travers les canaux (5) précités, on canalise et on évacue, par gravité, l'eau recueillie vers la périphérie du terrain.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, for a ground whose surface (1) is subjected to bad weather, the above-mentioned support (3) is produced so that it is rigid and non-deformable and so that its upper face (4 ), intended to receive the aforementioned coating (2), ie substantially planar and horizontal, at least said upper face (4) of the support is made impermeable, it is practiced in the latter, transverse to its upper face and over its entire thickness, regularly distributed water flow channels (5), the upper face of the support is lined with the above-mentioned coating (2) which is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions, collected under the support (3), the rainwater soaking the coating and which flows through the above-mentioned channels (5), the water collected is channeled and discharged, by gravity, towards the periphery of the ground. 3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on stocke à proximité du terrain (1) au moins une partie de l'eau recueillie, on mesure, de préférence en permanence, l'humidité du revêtement (2) et, lorsque cette humidité se situe en dessous d'un seuil déterminé, on pompe automatiquement de l'eau stockée et on réinjecte cette eau dans le revêtement à travers les canaux (5) précités prévus dans le support (3) jusqu'au moment où le seuil déterminé d'humidité dudit revêtement (2) est atteint.3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that at least part of the collected water is stored near the ground (1), the humidity of the coating (2) is measured, preferably permanently, and, when this humidity is below a determined threshold, stored water is automatically pumped and this water is reinjected into the coating through the aforementioned channels (5) provided in the support (3) until the determined humidity threshold of said coating (2) is reached. 4. Procédé suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe le support précité (3).4. Method according to either of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the above-mentioned support is heated (3). 5. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on isole thermiquement la face (8) du support (3) qui est opposée à celle sur laquelle repose le revêtement (2) précité.5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the face (8) is thermally insulated support (3) which is opposite to that on which the aforementioned coating (2) rests. 6. Procéde suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour un terrain dont la surface est couverte, on réalise le support (3) susdit afin, d'une part, qu'il soit stable, indéformable et perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions et, d'autre part, que sa face supérieure (4), destinée à recevoir le revêtement (2) précité, soit sensiblement plane et horizontale, on rend imperméable la face inférieure (8) du support, on ménage dans ce dernier, à proximité de ladite face inférieure et parallèlement à celle-ci, un reseau (24) de distribution et de répartition uniforme d'eau qu'on alimente à partir d'une source d'eau extérieure au terrain, on garnit la face supérieure (4) du support (3) du revêtement (2) susdit qui est perméable à l'eau sur toute son épaisseur et dans toutes les directions, on mesure, de préférence en permanence, l'humidité du revêtement et, lorsque cette humidité se situe en dessous d'un seuil déterminé, on alimente le réseau (24) susdit en eau, pour humidifier le support (3) et le revêtement (2), jusqu'au moment où le seuil détermi­né d'humidité du revêtement précité est atteint.6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, for a ground whose surface is covered, the above-mentioned support (3) is produced so that, on the one hand, it is stable, non-deformable and permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions and, on the other hand, that its upper face (4), intended to receive the aforementioned coating (2), is substantially planar and horizontal, the lower face (8) of the support, is housed in the latter, near said underside and parallel to it, a network (24) of uniform distribution and distribution of water which is supplied from a source of water external to the ground, we fill the upper face (4) of the support (3) with the above-mentioned coating (2) which is permeable to water over its entire thickness and in all directions, we measure, preferably permanently, the humidity of the coating and, when this humidity is below a specific threshold It feeds the network (24) aforesaid in water, to moisten the support (3) and the coating (2), until the threshold determined humidity of above-mentioned coating is reached. 7. Terrain, en particulier pour la pratique d'un sport, obtenu par le procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un support (3) stabilisé et pratiquement indéformable, un revêtement perméable (2) posé sur ce support (3) et sur la surface (1) duquel se pratique un sport et des moyens agencés pour maintenir dans ledit revêtement (2), pour que son humidité soit déterminée, une quantité d'eau constante et uniformément répartie.7. Field, in particular for the practice of a sport, obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a support (3) stabilized and practically undeformable, a permeable coating ( 2) placed on this support (3) and on the surface (1) of which a sport is practiced and means arranged to maintain in said coating (2), so that its humidity is determined, a constant and uniformly distributed amount of water . 8. Terrain suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement perméable susdit (2), destiné à être soumis aux intempéries et à la surface duquel se pratique un sport, est associé à un support (3) se présentant sous la forme d'une dalle rigide et indéformable dont au moins la face (4) tournée vers le revêtement est imperméable, cette dalle présentant des canaux (5) régulièrement répartis qui s'étendent sur toute l'épaisseur de la dalle pour déboucher, à la base de cette dernière, dans des conduites d'évacuation d'eau (9) reliant les canaux (5) entre eux et dirigées vers la périphérie de la surface (1) où l'eau récoltée est soit évacuée, soit partiellement stockée.8. Field according to claim 7, characterized in that the above permeable coating (2), intended to be subjected to weathering and on the surface of which a sport is practiced, is associated with a support (3) in the form of '' a rigid and non-deformable slab of which at least the face (4) facing the coating is waterproof, this slab having regularly distributed channels (5) which extend over the entire thickness of the slab to open out, at the base of the latter, in water drainage pipes (9) connecting the channels (5) with each other and directed towards the periphery of the surface (1) where the harvested water is either evacuated or partially stored. 9. Terrain suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la dalle formant le support (3) est constituée d'éléments modulai­res rectangulaires (13), juxtaposés et dont les faces latérales (14, 15) sont profilées pour qu'un intervalle (16), formant un canal (5) destiné à l'écoulement de l'eau, subsiste entre les faces latérales de deux éléments consécutifs, au moins le long de deux côtés parallèles de chaque élément, ces éléments modulaires (13) étant supportés par des poutres disposées de manière à ce que les deux côtés parallèles susdits de deux éléments juxtaposés et qui délimitent un intervalle précité, reposent sur une même poutre, chacune de ces poutres étant profilée pour former une conduite précitée destinée à recueillir l'eau s'écoulant à travers les intervalles subsistant entre deux rangées d'éléments modulaires, ces conduites débouchant dans un collecteur (11) ménagé en dehors de la surface et présentant deux branches s'étendant perpendiculairement aux intervalles.9. Land according to claim 8, characterized in that the slab forming the support (3) consists of rectangular modular elements (13), juxtaposed and whose side faces (14, 15) are profiled so that an interval ( 16), forming a channel (5) intended for the flow of water, remains between the lateral faces of two consecutive elements, at least along two parallel sides of each element, these modular elements (13) being supported by beams arranged so that the two aforementioned parallel sides of two juxtaposed elements and which delimit an abovementioned interval rest on the same beam, each of these beams being profiled to form an aforementioned pipe intended to collect the flowing water through the gaps remaining between two rows of modular elements, these pipes opening into a manifold (11) formed outside the surface and having two branches s' extending perpendicular to the intervals. 10. Terrain suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les éléments modulaires (13) sont préfabriqués et réalisés en béton arme et rendus imperméables par exemple par enveloppement d'une couche de matière synthétique (18) rétractable a la chaleur, les poutres susdites (17, 17′) qui supportent lesdits éléments étant également préfabriquées et réalisées en béton arme, ces poutres reposant, lorsque la surface est ménagée au niveau du sol, dans un lit de cendrée ou de gravier nivelé (19).10. Land according to claim 9, characterized in that the modular elements (13) are prefabricated and made of reinforced concrete and made impermeable for example by wrapping a layer of synthetic material (18) heat shrinkable, the above beams (17, 17 ′) which support said elements also being prefabricated and made of reinforced concrete, these beams resting, when the surface is formed at ground level, in a bed of leveled ash or gravel (19). 11. Terrain suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 9 et la, caractérisé en ce que les parties des faces des éléments modulaires (13) comprises entre les poutres (17, 17′) sont garnies d'une isolation thermique, telle qu'une couche (20) de polystyrène expansé accolée par une de ses grandes faces aux parties des faces susdites des éléments modulaires, l'autre grande face de cette couche (20) étant revêtue d'une feuille imperméable, telle qu'une feuille en matière plastique (21).11. Land according to either of claims 9 and la, characterized in that the parts of the faces of the modular elements (13) between the beams (17, 17 ′) are provided with thermal insulation, such that a layer (20) of expanded polystyrene joined by one of its large faces to the parts of the abovementioned faces of the modular elements, the other large face of this layer (20) being coated with an impermeable sheet, such as a sheet made of plastic (21). 12. Terrain suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement perméable précité (2) est constitué par une couche de matière synthétique qui est associée aux faces supérieures des éléments modulaires (13), cette couche de matière étant avantageusement rabattue sur au moins les faces latérales (14, 15) des éléments délimitant les intervalles (16) précités.12. Land according to any one of the claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the aforementioned permeable coating (2) consists of a layer of synthetic material which is associated with the upper faces of the modular elements (13), this layer of material advantageously being folded down on at least the lateral faces ( 14, 15) of the elements delimiting the aforementioned intervals (16). 13. Terrain suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche de matière élastique et perméable, telle qu'un granulé de caoutchouc, est interposée entre les éléments modulaires (13) et le revêtement (2) associé à ceux-ci.13. Land according to claim 12, characterized in that a layer of elastic and permeable material, such as a rubber granule, is interposed between the modular elements (13) and the coating (2) associated with these. 14. Terrain suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caracterise en ce que le revêtement susdit (2) est constitué par des végétaux, tels que du gazon, et par une couche de matière fertile (6) qui repose sur la dalle précitée et dans laquelle sont plantés les végétaux.14. Land according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the above coating (2) consists of plants, such as lawn, and a layer of fertile material (6) which rests on the slab mentioned above and in which the plants are planted. 15. Terrain suivant la revendication lis, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des collecteurs (11) d'eau précités débouche dans une citerne (12) agencée pour recueillir et stocker une quantité d'eau suffisante pour maintenir une humidité déterminée dans le revête­ment précité soit synthétique, soit comprenant la couche fertile (6) susdite, des moyens (22) étant prévus pour mesurer, de préférence de manière permanente, l'humidité du revêtement et agencés pour commander automatiquement, lorsque l'humidité mesuree est inférieure à l'humidité déterminée susdite et jusqu'au moment où cette dernière est rétablie, une pompe (23) associée à la citerne (12) susdite et agencée pour amener l'eau contenue dans celle-ci dans le revêtement (2), à travers les intervalles (16) prévus entre les éléments modulaires (13) formant le support (3), via le collecteur (11) et les conduites (9) précités.15. Land according to claim lily, characterized in that at least one of the above-mentioned water collectors (11) opens into a tank (12) arranged to collect and store a quantity of water sufficient to maintain a specific humidity in the said coating either synthetic or comprising the aforementioned fertile layer (6), means (22) being provided for measuring, preferably permanently, the humidity of the coating and arranged to control automatically, when the measured humidity is less than the above-mentioned determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, a pump (23) associated with the above-mentioned tank (12) and arranged to bring the water contained therein into the coating (2), through the intervals (16) provided between the modular elements (13) forming the support (3), via the collector (11) and the above-mentioned pipes (9). 16. Terrain suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la dalle précitée est pourvue de moyens de chauffage, tels que des résistances électriques noyées dans la dalle et régulièrement réparties sur toute sa surface, des moyens pour mesurer la température de la dalle et du revêtement (2) étant prévus ainsi que des moyens de mise sous tension des résistances électriques, qui sont agencés pour être commandés automatiquement par les moyens de mesure lorsqu'une température déterminée est atteinte.16. Land according to any one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the aforementioned slab is provided with heating means, such as electrical resistances embedded in the slab and regularly distributed over its entire surface, means for measuring the temperature of the slab and of the covering (2) being provided as well as means for energizing the electrical resistors, which are arranged to be controlled automatically by the measuring means when a determined temperature is reached. 17. Terrain suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu'il est couvert, son revêtement perméable (2), soit synthéti­que, soit naturel constitué de végétaux plantés dans une couche fertili­sante, est associé à la face supérieure (4) d'un support stabilisé et perméable dont la face inférieure (8) est posée sur une couche (25) de matière imperméable, soutenue pour être indéformable, et qui est constitué d'au moins deux couches de matière superposées (26, 27), une première couche inférieure (26) dans laquelle est noyé le réseau (24) susdit constitué de tubes perforés (29) régulièrement espacés et destinés à répandre de l'eau dans cette première couche qui est constituée de granulés choisis pour y répartir uniformément l'eau et une seconde couche ( 27) constituée d'un matériau tel qu'un matériau synthétique, capable de transférer dans le revêtement, par capillarité, l'eau régulièrement répartie dans la première couche, une source d'eau, telle qu'une citerne pouvant débiter une quantité d'eau suffisante pour maintenir une humidité déterminée dans le revêtement, étant prévue à proximité du terrain, des moyens (22) étant prévus pour mesurer, de préférence en permanence, l'humidité du revêtement et agencés pour commander automatiquement, lorsque l'humidité mesurée est inférieure à l'humidité déterminée et jusqu'au moment où cette dernière est rétablie, une pompe (23) associée à la citerne (12) précitée et agencée pour amener l'eau contenue dans cette dernière dans les tubes perforés (29) précités.17. Land according to claim 7, characterized in that, when covered, its permeable coating (2), either synthetic or natural, consisting of plants planted in a fertilizing layer, is associated with the upper face (4) d '' a stabilized and permeable support, the lower face (8) of which is placed on a layer (25) of impermeable material, supported to be non-deformable, and which consists of at least two layers of material superimposed (26, 27), a first lower layer (26) in which the above-mentioned network (24) is embedded consisting of perforated tubes (29) regularly spaced and intended to spread water in this first layer which consists of granules chosen to uniformly distribute the water therein and a second layer (27) made of a material such as a synthetic material, capable of transferring into the coating, by capillary action, the water regularly distributed in the first layer, a s water source, such as a tank capable of delivering a quantity of water sufficient to maintain a determined humidity in the coating, being provided near the ground, means (22) being provided for measuring, preferably permanently, the coating moisture and arranged to automatically control, when the measured humidity is lower than the determined humidity and until the moment when the latter is restored, a pump (23) associated with the tank (12) above and arranged to bring the water contained therein in the aforementioned perforated tubes (29). 18. Terrain suivant la revendication 17, caracterisé en ce que le revêtement (2) est constitué par du gazon synthétique dont les brins (30) sont maintenus sensiblement verticaux par une couche de sable (31) régulièrement répartie dans le revêtement, l'extrémité libre (32) desdits brins (31) faisant saillie, d'au moins 1 mm, par rapport à la couche de sable (31), les lignes (33), délimitant les zones du terrain en fonction du sport pratiqué, étant marquées dans la masse des brins constituant le revêtement.18. Land according to claim 17, characterized in that the covering (2) consists of synthetic grass whose strands (30) are kept substantially vertical by a layer of sand (31) regularly distributed in the covering, the end free (32) of said strands (31) projecting, at least 1 mm, relative to the sand layer (31), the lines (33), delimiting the areas of the field according to the sport practiced, being marked in the mass of the strands constituting the coating. 19. Terrain suivant la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que la couche de sable (31) susdite est surmontée, au moins jusqu'au niveau des extrémités libres (32) des brins (30) susdits, d'une couche (34) de brique pilée, les brins (30) marqués dans la masse pour former les lignes (33) susdites ayant une longueur supérieure à celle des autres brins (30) afin d'au moins affleurer à la face supérieu­re (35) de la couche de brique pilée.19. Land according to claim 18, characterized in that the above-mentioned layer of sand (31) is overcome, at least up to the level of the free ends (32) of the above strands (30), with a layer (34) of crushed brick, the strands (30) marked in the mass to form the above lines (33) having a length greater than that of the other strands (30) in order to at least flush with the upper face (35) of the crushed brick layer.
EP19880870185 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Process for constructing and keeping up a terrain, particularly a sports ground, and terrain constructed according to this process Withdrawn EP0373282A1 (en)

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EP19880870185 EP0373282A1 (en) 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Process for constructing and keeping up a terrain, particularly a sports ground, and terrain constructed according to this process

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WO1994000639A1 (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-01-06 Bergevin Jerry G Improved surface for sports and other uses
US5489317A (en) * 1992-06-22 1996-02-06 Turf Systems International, Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
EP0683836B1 (en) * 1993-02-12 1996-09-25 Sommer Levasseur Synthetic tennis surface element and method for producing same
EP0837186A1 (en) * 1996-10-17 1998-04-22 Klaus Dammann GmbH Equestrian field
US5850708A (en) * 1992-06-22 1998-12-22 Turf Systems International, Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
US6029397A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-02-29 Technology Licensing Corp. Stabilized natural turf for athletic field
US6035577A (en) * 1998-12-03 2000-03-14 Technology Licensing Corp Temporarily stabilized natural turf
GB2352954A (en) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-14 Charles Lawrence Surfaces Plc Playing field with integrated drainage and recycled water irrigation system
US6242062B1 (en) 1996-11-29 2001-06-05 Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Combined turf
US6295756B1 (en) 1992-06-22 2001-10-02 Turf Stabilization Technologies Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
US6491991B2 (en) 2000-02-14 2002-12-10 Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Artificial turf system
US6858272B2 (en) 2001-03-14 2005-02-22 Troy Squires Horizontally draining, pre-engineered synthetic turf field
NL1026935C2 (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-06 Gijsbertus Hendrikus M Oostdam Sports field is for use for playing football and has top layer with artificial grass, a foundation layer and a sports technique layer between top layer and foundation layer
EP2247796A1 (en) * 2007-12-13 2010-11-10 Oldroyd Systemer AS Drainage system and method for installation of drainage system
CN102805929A (en) * 2011-06-02 2012-12-05 北京世纪星宇技术有限公司 Joint unit made of impervious material and golf course
WO2016099253A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Sports field construction
US20180030670A1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2018-02-01 Desso Sports B.V. Substructure for an artificial lawn
IT201600101068A1 (en) * 2016-10-07 2018-04-07 Nikolaos Sarris LAND STRUCTURE FOR SPORT AND SIMILAR FIELDS

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US5489317A (en) * 1992-06-22 1996-02-06 Turf Systems International, Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
US5850708A (en) * 1992-06-22 1998-12-22 Turf Systems International, Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
EP0896092A2 (en) * 1992-06-22 1999-02-10 Turf Systems International, Inc. Improved surface for sports and other uses
EP0896092A3 (en) * 1992-06-22 1999-02-24 Turf Systems International, Inc. Improved surface for sports and other uses
WO1994000639A1 (en) * 1992-06-22 1994-01-06 Bergevin Jerry G Improved surface for sports and other uses
US6295756B1 (en) 1992-06-22 2001-10-02 Turf Stabilization Technologies Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
US6145248A (en) * 1992-06-22 2000-11-14 Turf Stabilization Technologies, Inc. Sports playing surfaces with biodegradable backings
EP0683836B1 (en) * 1993-02-12 1996-09-25 Sommer Levasseur Synthetic tennis surface element and method for producing same
EP0837186A1 (en) * 1996-10-17 1998-04-22 Klaus Dammann GmbH Equestrian field
US6242062B1 (en) 1996-11-29 2001-06-05 Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Combined turf
US6372310B2 (en) 1996-11-29 2002-04-16 Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Combined and stabilized turf for an athletic field
US6029397A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-02-29 Technology Licensing Corp. Stabilized natural turf for athletic field
US6173528B1 (en) 1997-06-06 2001-01-16 Technology Licensing Corp Stabilized natural turf for athletic field
US6094860A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-08-01 Technology Licensing Corp. Stabilized turf for athletic field
US6035577A (en) * 1998-12-03 2000-03-14 Technology Licensing Corp Temporarily stabilized natural turf
GB2352954A (en) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-14 Charles Lawrence Surfaces Plc Playing field with integrated drainage and recycled water irrigation system
GB2352954B (en) * 1999-08-04 2003-11-05 Charles Lawrence Surfaces Plc Playing field with integrated irrigation and recycling system
US6491991B2 (en) 2000-02-14 2002-12-10 Southwest Recreational Industries, Inc. Artificial turf system
US6858272B2 (en) 2001-03-14 2005-02-22 Troy Squires Horizontally draining, pre-engineered synthetic turf field
NL1026935C2 (en) * 2004-08-31 2006-03-06 Gijsbertus Hendrikus M Oostdam Sports field is for use for playing football and has top layer with artificial grass, a foundation layer and a sports technique layer between top layer and foundation layer
EP2247796A1 (en) * 2007-12-13 2010-11-10 Oldroyd Systemer AS Drainage system and method for installation of drainage system
EP2247796A4 (en) * 2007-12-13 2014-01-22 Cheetham John Oldroyd Drainage system and method for installation of drainage system
CN102805929A (en) * 2011-06-02 2012-12-05 北京世纪星宇技术有限公司 Joint unit made of impervious material and golf course
WO2016099253A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Sports field construction
CN107208384A (en) * 2014-12-19 2017-09-26 腾凯特塞奥隆公司 Sports ground is constructed
US20170328017A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2017-11-16 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Sports field construction
US10385520B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2019-08-20 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Sports field construction
AU2014414156B2 (en) * 2014-12-19 2020-07-23 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Sports field construction
US20180030670A1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2018-02-01 Desso Sports B.V. Substructure for an artificial lawn
EP3256645B1 (en) * 2015-02-10 2020-08-26 Desso Sports B.V. Artificial lawn
IT201600101068A1 (en) * 2016-10-07 2018-04-07 Nikolaos Sarris LAND STRUCTURE FOR SPORT AND SIMILAR FIELDS

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