EP0373245A1 - Dental chair - Google Patents

Dental chair Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373245A1
EP0373245A1 EP88120938A EP88120938A EP0373245A1 EP 0373245 A1 EP0373245 A1 EP 0373245A1 EP 88120938 A EP88120938 A EP 88120938A EP 88120938 A EP88120938 A EP 88120938A EP 0373245 A1 EP0373245 A1 EP 0373245A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
articulated
chair
seat
adjustment
dental patient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88120938A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0373245B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Ing.-Grad. Stöckl
Bernd Dipl-Ing Fh. Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP88120938A priority Critical patent/EP0373245B1/en
Priority to DE8888120938T priority patent/DE3878566D1/en
Priority to JP1989143565U priority patent/JPH0515300Y2/ja
Priority to US07/450,618 priority patent/US5015035A/en
Publication of EP0373245A1 publication Critical patent/EP0373245A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0373245B1 publication Critical patent/EP0373245B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G15/00—Operating chairs; Dental chairs; Accessories specially adapted therefor, e.g. work stands
    • A61G15/02—Chairs with means to adjust position of patient; Controls therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dental patient chair with means for adjusting the seat height, the inclination of the seat and backrest and the position of the seat and backrest in the longitudinal direction of the chair.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is therefore based on the object of specifying a dental patient chair, the upper part of which can be created with less mechanical effort and also with less space requirement than before, it being taken into account that the ergonomic and treatment-related aspects mentioned at the outset correspond to the the versatile adjustment options of the chair required today.
  • a major advantage of the construction according to the invention is that for the adjustment of the upper part of the chair, in accordance with the intended degrees of freedom, a construction which is relatively simple from a mechanical point of view and which does not require any longitudinal displacement elements is provided.
  • the mechanism provided according to the invention practically consists only of a fixed base part, two articulated arms, three drive motors, control electronics and a patient bed forming the upper part of the chair. This can be made in one or more parts. Both electromotive and hydraulic drives can be used as adjusting drives.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of a dental patient chair in a side view.
  • the adjustment mechanism 4 is such that the upper chair part 1 can perform a height adjustment according to the arrows 6, an inclination of the backrest according to the arrows 7 and a longitudinal displacement of the entire upper chair part according to the arrows 8.
  • the adjustment mechanism 4 consists of two articulated arms 9, 10 which are articulated to one another at the articulation point 11 and whose free ends on the one hand via an articulation point 12 with a rigid attachment part 13 of the chair upper part 1 and on the other hand at the articulation point 14 with a fixed one on the standing level 5 Base part 15 is articulated.
  • the two articulated arms 9, 10 can be adjusted with the aid of three adjustment drives 16, 17, 18 so that the upper part of the chair can be moved in the direction of arrows 6, 7 and 8.
  • the adjustment drives 16, 17 and 18 are advantageously spindle drives, the motors M1, M2 and M3 of which, as shown in simplified form in FIG. 2, are controlled via a control device 20 which will be explained in more detail later.
  • the control can take place in a known manner either via program selection buttons 19 or with the aid of individual buttons 21, 22, 23, which are combined, for example, in a keypad 24 arranged on the backrest 3 of the chair.
  • the spindle drive 16 is connected to the electric motor M1 on the one hand via a joint 25 to the articulated arm 9 and on the other hand by means of a joint 26 to an attachment part 27 fastened to the seat 2.
  • the adjustment drive 17 with the adjustment motor M2 is connected analogously to the adjustment drive 16 on the one hand by means of a joint 28 to the articulated arm 10 and on the other hand by means of an articulation 29 to an extension 30 of the articulated arm 9.
  • the adjustment drive 18 is by means of a joint 31 with an elevated base 34 of the base part 15 and connected to an extension 33 of the articulated arm 10 by means of joint 32.
  • the three adjustment motors M1, M2 and M3 must be precisely controlled in order to achieve a harmonious movement of the patient chair in the direction of the three arrows 6, 7 and 8. If, for example, the upper part of the chair is only adjusted in height, ie only in the direction of the arrows 6, it is not sufficient to activate only one adjustment drive; rather, all three adjustment motors have to be controlled here.
  • the control is carried out with the aid of the control device 20 shown in FIGS. 2 and 10, which contains a microprocessor which receives information about the respective actual position of the relevant chair parts via position transmitters G1, G2 and G3 and which then adjusts the adjusting motors M1, M2 and M3 accordingly the desired adjustment.
  • the transmitters G1 to G3, which indicate to the control device 20 the respective position of the relevant articulated arm or chair part, can be of an electrical, optical or optoelectronic type and can be arranged either on the drives themselves or on the articulation points of the articulated arms.
  • the lifting cylinders would be controlled by the control unit 20 via electromagnetic valves.
  • FIG. 3 shows the patient chair according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view obliquely from the front in a raised position.
  • the two articulated arms 9, 10 each consist of two spaced-apart side cheeks 9a, 9b; 10a, 10b, which practically form a U-shaped part through cross-connecting struts 9c, 10c. It can be seen from the illustration that the side cheeks 10a, 10b do not run parallel to one another, but are at a smaller distance from the articulation point 11 than from the articulation point 14. The distance A of the joints 11 is thus smaller than the distance B of the joints 14. The same also applies to the articulated arm 9, the side cheeks 9a, 9b of which lie within that of the articulated arm 10. This reduction in the distances in the area of the connecting joint 11 results in a constriction which creates additional space in this area for accommodating other components. E.g. the free space thus obtained can be used to accommodate a sliding track or to hold a device (doctor's or assistant's device).
  • the base part 15, as shown, has a stand base 34 which is arranged such that the joints 14 to which one end of the articulated arm 10 is articulated are arranged adjacent to the foot end of the chair, namely at a height C (FIG. 1), which corresponds approximately to the length D of the articulated arm 10 articulated there.
  • This height is expediently about 300 mm above the level 5.
  • the two articulated arms 9, 10 are expediently of the same length; however, this is not absolutely necessary.
  • spindle drives are used in which the spindle is moved in and out of the spindle drive part.
  • the drive parts on the motors flanged spur gears that drive the spindles.
  • Worm or toothed belt gears can also be used instead of the helical geared motors.
  • the adjustment drives what has already been said about the embodiment according to FIG. 1 applies, ie for structural or other reasons the articulation points of the adjustment drives can also be selected differently than shown. It is also conceivable to reverse the linkage of the gear and spindle, as shown.
  • the embodiment according to Figures 5 and 6 differs from the previously described embodiments in that instead of the spindle drives, electric or hydraulic motors with very high reduction gears, for example planetary gears, are provided and these drives are arranged coaxially at the articulation points of the articulated arms and thus drive them directly . drive.
  • two independently movable articulated arms 36, 37 are present on a stand base 35, which corresponds to that designated by 34 in FIG. 1, one end of which is interconnected by means of articulation 38 and the other ends of which is articulated by means of joints 39 to base 35 and on the other hand, are articulated by means of joints 40 to an extension 41 of the upper part of the chair.
  • adjustment drives with adjustment motors 42, 32 and 44 are provided.
  • Low-voltage direct current motors are preferably used as adjusting motors, which, as shown in simplified form in FIG. 2, are controlled independently of one another.
  • the engine speeds are reduced to the "effective speed" of the parts to be adjusted (articulated arms and seat frame or articulated arm and base) using ge suitable gear components, which are designated in FIGS. 5 and 6 with 45, 46 and 47.
  • Such gears can be, for example, planetary gears.
  • the torque transmission takes place in the illustrated embodiment in that the gear components are rotatably connected to the chair base 35, the articulated arm 36 and shoulder 41 and the drive shaft of the gear is rotatably connected to the articulated axes 38, 39 and 40 of the articulated arms 36, 37.
  • the arrangement of the drive units (motor and transmission), as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6, can be provided both inside and outside the articulated arms.
  • An arrangement of the drive unit within the articulated arms has the advantage that the output can take place on both sides, whereby a better torsional rigidity of the articulated arms is achieved.
  • the height adjustment of the seat in the embodiment presented is largely carried out by pivoting the articulated arm 36 around the axle bearing 39, the longitudinal adjustment is primarily carried out by pivoting the second pivot arm 37 around the axle bearing 38.
  • control unit 20 (FIG. 2) in accordance with the position of the position transmitter.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment which does not require any electronic regulation of the adjustment drives compared to the ones described so far, but which does not require such an exact movement supply sequence guaranteed, as the previously described embodiments.
  • the articulated arms consist of parallelogram linkage arms 45, 46, one articulated axis of which is articulated to a common connecting part 50 and the other ends of which are articulated to a base 51 via articulations 57 and to a support part 52 via articulations 58, to which the articulation 53 is used
  • Chair top 1 is articulated.
  • the one parallelogram linkage 49 is used in this version mainly for height adjustment of the upper part of the chair, while the parallelogram linkage 48 is used for adjusting the chair in the longitudinal direction of the chair.
  • the adjustment drives used are electromotive or, as shown in the figure, hydraulic adjustment drives 54 to 56.
  • FIG. 8 first shows the possibility of movement offered by the chair base mechanism according to the invention.
  • the curve labeled 60 shows the envelope curve within which movement of the upper part of the chair is possible on the basis of the double articulated arm construction explained. For the sake of simplicity, this envelope curve 60 is shown for the articulation point 12.
  • the strongly bordered curve 60a within the envelope curve 60 represents the adjustment range that can be used in practice. In the following consideration, it is assumed that the articulation point 12 (representative of one any other point of the upper chair part) from the starting position P0 (with the coordinates x0, y0) to the position P1 (with the coordinates x1, y1) is to be brought.
  • the position P1 is represented, for example, by the program P1, which can be called up using one of the program selection buttons 19. In order to bring the upper part of the chair from the reference point P0 to the point P1, this would have to be carried out both upwards and forwards (towards the foot end).
  • the control unit 20 contains a central processor 61 (CPU) to which the switches 21 to 23 for manual adjustment of the upper part of the chair and on the other hand the program selection buttons 19 for automatic adjustment of the upper part of the chair are connected to one of the three freely selectable chair positions P 1 to P 3 to the serial interfaces 63 are.
  • CPU central processor
  • the sensors G1 to G3 with the interposition of A / D converters 64 and the adjustment motors M1 to M3 with the interposition of A / D converters 65 and servo units 66, which include a power output stage for the motor with control circuit, are also connected.
  • the work program for the CPU is designated, with 68 the memory for the programs P1 to P3.
  • the electronics of the control unit 20 asks which actual values the sensors G1 to G3 have. From this information, the processor 61 then calculates the coordinates (x0, y0) of P0. Then the processor calculates the shortest distance (S1 in Fig. 8) between the starting point and the selected point P1 with the coordinates x1 and y1.
  • the movement transitions are smooth, which results in a so-called ramp curve, as shown in FIG. 9 above.
  • a ramp curve there is a gentle increase over a certain first time period a, a uniform rise over a certain second time period b, and a gentle decay of the movement over a third time period c (until the selected position is reached).
  • Such a speed behavior for the three motors M1 to M3 is shown in the V / t diagrams in FIG. 9 below the flow curve shown.
  • the computer of the central processor 61 calculates the individual V / t diagrams for the individual motors M1 to M3 on the basis of the specified flow curve.
  • the voltages required to achieve the speed values in accordance with the predefined curve are supplied to the adjusting motors M1 to M3 via the power output stages 66.
  • control loops are preferably provided which control and, if necessary, correct the curve values by constantly querying the values of the transmitters G1 to G3 and comparing them with the target values.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a dental chair with means (4) for adjusting the height of the chair, the inclination of the chair (2) and backrest (3), and also the position of the chair (2) and backrest (3) in relation to the longitudinal direction of the chair. In order to keep to the very minimum the mechanical outlay and the space required for the means (4) for adjusting the chair, it is proposed to provide two articulated arms (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) which on the one hand are connected to each other in an articulated manner and whose free ends are coupled on the one hand to the chair (2) and on the other hand to a pedestal (34, 35, 51) which is raised with respect to a support plane (5). In addition, separate controllable adjustment mechanisms (16, 17, 18; 42, 43, 44; 54, 55, 56) are provided, of which the first (18, 42, 54) acts between the one articulated arm (10, 36, 49) coupled to the pedestal (34, 35, 51) and the stationary pedestal (34, 35, 51), the second (17, 43, 55) acts between the two articulated arms (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49), and the third (16, 44, 56) acts between the chair and the other articulated arm (9, 37, 48) coupled to the chair (2). A control device (20) controls the three adjustment mechanisms (16, 17, 18; 42, 43, 44; 54, 55, 56) in accordance with the desired change in the position of the chair. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen zahnärztlichen Patienten­stuhl mit Mitteln zur Verstellung der Sitzhöhe, der Neigungs­lage von Sitz und Rückenlehne sowie der Position von Sitz und Rückenlehne in Längsrichtung des Stuhles.The invention relates to a dental patient chair with means for adjusting the seat height, the inclination of the seat and backrest and the position of the seat and backrest in the longitudinal direction of the chair.

Um den Patienten ergonomisch und behandlungsgerecht, d.h. sowohl in bezug auf den Behandler als auch in bezug auf die vorzunehmende Behandlung optimal abgestimmt positionieren zu können, ist es notwendig, die das Stuhloberteil eines Patien­tenstuhles bildenden Teile, Sitz und Rückenlehne, sowohl in der Höhe als auch in Längsrichtung des Stuhles, und darüber hinaus in ihrer Neigungslage, relativ zu einer vertikalen oder horizontalen Bezugsebene verstellen zu können. Hierzu sind ver­schiedene Konstruktionen bekannt.In order to make the patient ergonomic and appropriate for treatment, i.e. In order to be able to position the patient in an optimally coordinated manner, both in relation to the practitioner and in relation to the treatment to be carried out, it is necessary that the parts forming the upper part of the chair, seat and backrest, both in height and in the longitudinal direction of the chair, and beyond in their inclined position, to be able to be adjusted relative to a vertical or horizontal reference plane. Various constructions are known for this.

Aus der DE-29 38 330 ist es bekannt, zur Höhenverstellung des Sitzes einen Parallelogrammtragarm vorzusehen. Mit einem solchen Parallelogrammtragarm läßt sich zwar ein relativ großer Hub er­zielen; nachteilig ist es jedoch, daß zusätzliche Mittel vorge­sehen werden müssen, um die eingangs angesprochene Längsver­stellbarkeit des Stuhloberteiles zu erreichen. Solche zusätz­lichen Mittel zur Längsverstellbarkeit können, wie beispiels­weise in der DE-22 26 572 beschrieben, eine Geradführung mit Ausstellkurve zum gleichzeitigen Anheben des fußteilseitigen Endes des Stuhloberteils sein.From DE-29 38 330 it is known to provide a parallelogram support arm for height adjustment of the seat. A relatively large stroke can indeed be achieved with such a parallelogram support arm; it is disadvantageous, however, that additional means must be provided in order to achieve the above-mentioned longitudinal adjustability of the upper part of the chair. Such additional means for longitudinal adjustability can, as described for example in DE-22 26 572, be a straight guide with a roll-out curve for simultaneously lifting the end of the chair upper part on the foot part.

Bekannt sind außerdem Scherenarmkonstruktionen mit paarweise seitenverkehrt angeordneten Scherenarmen, von denen die einen zur Längsverstellung des Stuhloberteiles in entsprechenden Längsführungselementen geführt sind (DE-32 28 834).Also known are scissor arm constructions with pairs of scissor arms arranged laterally, the one of which is guided in longitudinal guide elements for the longitudinal adjustment of the upper part of the chair (DE-32 28 834).

Obgleich sich die zuletzt genannte Scherenarmkonstruktion sehr gut bewährt hat und gegenüber früheren bekannten Ausführungen den Vorteil hat, platzsparender zu sein, so sind doch auch dieser Konstruktion in bezug auf die Forderung nach geringerem mechanischem Aufwand bei Verbesserung der Bewegungsmöglichkei­ten, insbesondere die Höhenverstellung und Längsverstellbar­keit des Sitzes betreffend, relativ enge Grenzen gesetzt.Although the last-mentioned scissor arm construction has proven itself very well and has the advantage over previous known designs of being more space-saving, this construction is also in relation to the requirement for less mechanical effort while improving the possibilities of movement, in particular the height adjustment and longitudinal adjustment of the seat regarding, relatively narrow limits.

Der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen zahnärztlichen Patientenstuhl anzugeben, dessen Oberteil mit geringerem mechanischem Aufwand und auch mit ge­ringerem Platzbedarf als bisher erstellt werden kann, wobei zu berücksichtigen ist, daß den eingangs erwähnten ergonomischen und behandlungsbezogenen Gesichtspunkten, entsprechend den heute geforderten vielseitigen Verstellmöglichkeiten des Stuhles, Rechnung getragen wird.The invention specified in claim 1 is therefore based on the object of specifying a dental patient chair, the upper part of which can be created with less mechanical effort and also with less space requirement than before, it being taken into account that the ergonomic and treatment-related aspects mentioned at the outset correspond to the the versatile adjustment options of the chair required today.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion ist, daß zur Verstellung des Stuhloberteiles, entsprechend den vorgesehenen Freiheitsgraden, eine von der Mechanik her gesehen relativ einfache Konstruktion vorgesehen ist, die keine Längs­verschiebungselemente benötigt. Die gemäß der Erfindung vorge­sehene Mechanik besteht praktisch nur aus einem feststehenden Basisteil, zwei Gelenkarmen, drei Antriebsmotoren, einer Steuer­elektronik und einer das Stuhloberteil bildenden Patientenliege. Diese kann ein- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet sein. Als Verstell­antriebe können sowohl elektromotorische als auch hydraulische Antriebe zur Anwendung gelangen.A major advantage of the construction according to the invention is that for the adjustment of the upper part of the chair, in accordance with the intended degrees of freedom, a construction which is relatively simple from a mechanical point of view and which does not require any longitudinal displacement elements is provided. The mechanism provided according to the invention practically consists only of a fixed base part, two articulated arms, three drive motors, control electronics and a patient bed forming the upper part of the chair. This can be made in one or more parts. Both electromotive and hydraulic drives can be used as adjusting drives.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen und in den nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen zu entnehmen.Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims and in the exemplary embodiments described below.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine erste Ausführungsform eines zahnärztlichen Patien­tenstuhles nach der Erfindung in Seitenansicht,
  • Figur 2 die Steuerung der Verstellantriebe in einer Prinzip­darstellung,
  • Figur 3 den Aufbau der Verstellmechanik für das Stuhloberteil in perspektivischer Darstellung,
  • Figur 4 eine Variante zu der in Figur 1 dargestellten Aus­führung,
  • Figur 5 eine weitere Variante,
  • Figur 6 die in Figur 5 gezeigte Ausführung in einer um 90° ge­drehten Darstellung,
  • Figur 7 eine weitere Variante einer Verstellmechanik für das Stuhloberteil,
  • Figur 8 den mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verstellmechanik erziel­baren Verstellbereich in einer Prinzipdarstellung.
  • Figur 9 den Geschwindigkeitsverlauf einerseits eines Gelenk­punktes des Stuhloberteils und andererseits der einzelnen Verstellmotoren.
  • Figur 10 ein Blockschaltbild zur Darstellung des Steuerungs­ablaufes.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a first embodiment of a dental patient chair according to the invention in side view,
  • FIG. 2 shows the control of the adjustment drives in a basic illustration,
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the adjustment mechanism for the upper part of the chair in a perspective view,
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 shows a further variant,
  • FIG. 6 shows the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in a representation rotated by 90 °,
  • FIG. 7 another variant of an adjustment mechanism for the upper part of the chair,
  • Figure 8 shows the adjustment range achievable with the adjustment mechanism according to the invention in a schematic diagram.
  • FIG. 9 shows the speed profile on the one hand of a hinge point of the upper part of the chair and on the other hand of the individual adjustment motors.
  • Figure 10 is a block diagram showing the control process.

Die Figur 1 zeigt in einer Prinzipdarstellung einen zahnärztli­chen Patientenstuhl in einer Seitenansicht. Das hier als ein­teilige Patientenliege dargestellte Stuhloberteil 1, welches in bekannter Weise aus Sitz 2 und Rückenlehne 3 besteht, wird von einer allgemein mit 4 bezeichneten Verstellmechanik getragen welches sich an einer mit 5 bezeichneten Standebene (Fuß­boden) abstützt. Die Verstellmechanik 4 ist so beschaffen, daß das Stuhloberteil 1 eine Höhenverstellung entsprechend den Pfeilen 6, eine Neigung der Rückenlehne entsprechend den Pfei­len 7 und eine Längsverschiebung des gesamten Stuhloberteiles entsprechend den Pfeilen 8 ausführen kann.FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of a dental patient chair in a side view. The chair upper part 1 shown here as a one-piece patient couch, which consists of the seat 2 and backrest 3 in a known manner, is carried by an adjustment mechanism, generally designated 4, which is supported on a standing level (floor), designated 5. The adjustment mechanism 4 is such that the upper chair part 1 can perform a height adjustment according to the arrows 6, an inclination of the backrest according to the arrows 7 and a longitudinal displacement of the entire upper chair part according to the arrows 8.

Die Verstellmechanik 4 besteht aus zwei Gelenkarmen 9, 10, die an der Gelenkstelle 11 gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind und deren freie Enden einerseits über eine Gelenkstelle 12 mit einem starren Ansatzteil 13 des Stuhloberteiles 1 und anderer­seits an der Gelenkstelle 14 mit einem auf der Standebene 5 feststehenden Basisteil 15 gelenkig verbunden ist.The adjustment mechanism 4 consists of two articulated arms 9, 10 which are articulated to one another at the articulation point 11 and whose free ends on the one hand via an articulation point 12 with a rigid attachment part 13 of the chair upper part 1 and on the other hand at the articulation point 14 with a fixed one on the standing level 5 Base part 15 is articulated.

Die beiden Gelenkarme 9, 10 können mit Hilfe von drei Verstell­antrieben 16, 17, 18 so verstellt werden, daß das Stuhloberteil in Richtung der Pfeile 6, 7 und 8 bewegt werden kann. Die Ver­stellantriebe 16, 17 und 18 sind vorteilhafterweise Spindelan­triebe, deren Motoren M1, M2 und M3, wie in Fig. 2 vereinfacht dargestellt, über eine später noch näher erläuterte Steuerein­richtung 20 angesteuert werden. Die Ansteuerung kann in be­kannter Weise entweder über Programmwahltasten 19 oder mit Hilfe von Einzeltasten 21, 22, 23, welche beispielsweise in einem an der Stuhlrückenlehne 3 angeordneten Tastenfeld 24 zu­sammengefaßt sind, erfolgen.The two articulated arms 9, 10 can be adjusted with the aid of three adjustment drives 16, 17, 18 so that the upper part of the chair can be moved in the direction of arrows 6, 7 and 8. The adjustment drives 16, 17 and 18 are advantageously spindle drives, the motors M1, M2 and M3 of which, as shown in simplified form in FIG. 2, are controlled via a control device 20 which will be explained in more detail later. The control can take place in a known manner either via program selection buttons 19 or with the aid of individual buttons 21, 22, 23, which are combined, for example, in a keypad 24 arranged on the backrest 3 of the chair.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Spindelantrieb 16 mit dem Elektromotor M1 einerseits über ein Gelenk 25 mit dem Gelenkarm 9 und andererseits mittels eines Gelenks 26 mit einem am Sitz 2 befestigten Ansatzteil 27 verbunden. Der Verstellan­trieb 17 mit dem Verstellmotor M2 ist analog dem Verstellan­trieb 16 einerseits mittels Gelenk 28 mit dem Gelenkarm 10 und andererseits mittels Gelenk 29 mit einem Fortsatz 30 des Gelenk­armes 9 verbunden. Der Verstellantrieb 18 schließlich ist mit­tels Gelenk 31 mit einem erhöhten Sockel 34 des Basisteils 15 und mittels Gelenk 32 mit einem Fortsatz 33 des Gelenkarmes 10 verbunden. Obgleich sich diese Anordnung der Verstellantriebe als vorteilhaft gezeigt hat, sind auch andere Anordnungen im Rahmen der Erfindung denkbar, so z.B. eine Anordnung, bei der der Verstellantrieb 17 nicht zwischen den Gelenkarmen 9 und 10, sondern zwischen Sockel 34 und Gelenkarm 9 angreift, oder bei der der Verstellantrieb 16 nicht zwischen Sitz und Gelenk­arm 9, sondern zwischen Sitz und Sockel 34 oder zwischen Sitz und Gelenkarm 10 angreift.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the spindle drive 16 is connected to the electric motor M1 on the one hand via a joint 25 to the articulated arm 9 and on the other hand by means of a joint 26 to an attachment part 27 fastened to the seat 2. The adjustment drive 17 with the adjustment motor M2 is connected analogously to the adjustment drive 16 on the one hand by means of a joint 28 to the articulated arm 10 and on the other hand by means of an articulation 29 to an extension 30 of the articulated arm 9. Finally, the adjustment drive 18 is by means of a joint 31 with an elevated base 34 of the base part 15 and connected to an extension 33 of the articulated arm 10 by means of joint 32. Although this arrangement of the adjustment drives has proven to be advantageous, other arrangements are also conceivable within the scope of the invention, for example an arrangement in which the adjustment drive 17 does not act between the articulated arms 9 and 10, but between the base 34 and articulated arm 9, or in which the adjustment drive 16 does not engage between the seat and the articulated arm 9, but between the seat and the base 34 or between the seat and the articulated arm 10.

Es ist verständlich, daß bei der aufgezeigten Konstruktion die drei Verstellmotoren M1, M2 und M3 exakt gesteuert werden müssen, um eine harmonische Bewegung des Patientenstuhles in Richtung der drei Pfeile 6, 7 und 8 zu erreichen. Wird bei­spielsweise das Stuhloberteil lediglich in der Höhe, also nur in Richtung der Pfeile 6, verstellt, so genügt es nicht, nur einen Verstellantrieb zu aktivieren; es müssen hier vielmehr sämtliche drei Verstellmotoren angesteuert werden. Die Steue­rung erfolgt mit Hilfe der in Figuren 2 und 10 dargestellten Steuereinrichtung 20, die einen Mikroprozessor enthält, der über Stellungsgeber G1, G2 und G3 Informationen über die je­weilige Ist-Position der betreffenden Stuhlteile erhält und der danach die Verstellmotoren M1, M2 und M3 entsprechend der gewünschten Verstellung ansteuert. Die Geber G1 bis G3, die der Steuereinrichtung 20 die jeweilige Lage des betreffenden Gelenk­armes bzw. Stuhlteils angeben, können elektrischer, optischer oder optoelektronischer Art und entweder an den Antrieben selbst oder an den Gelenkpunkten der Gelenkarme angeordnet sein.It is understandable that in the construction shown, the three adjustment motors M1, M2 and M3 must be precisely controlled in order to achieve a harmonious movement of the patient chair in the direction of the three arrows 6, 7 and 8. If, for example, the upper part of the chair is only adjusted in height, ie only in the direction of the arrows 6, it is not sufficient to activate only one adjustment drive; rather, all three adjustment motors have to be controlled here. The control is carried out with the aid of the control device 20 shown in FIGS. 2 and 10, which contains a microprocessor which receives information about the respective actual position of the relevant chair parts via position transmitters G1, G2 and G3 and which then adjusts the adjusting motors M1, M2 and M3 accordingly the desired adjustment. The transmitters G1 to G3, which indicate to the control device 20 the respective position of the relevant articulated arm or chair part, can be of an electrical, optical or optoelectronic type and can be arranged either on the drives themselves or on the articulation points of the articulated arms.

Bei Verwendung von hydraulischen Hubzylindern, wie bei der Ausführung gemäß Figur 7 angedeutet, würden die Hubzylinder über elektromagnetische Ventile von der Steuereinheit 20 an­gesteuert werden.If hydraulic lifting cylinders are used, as indicated in the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the lifting cylinders would be controlled by the control unit 20 via electromagnetic valves.

Die Figur 3 zeigt den Patientenstuhl nach Figur 1 in per­spektivischer Darstellung schräg von vorne in einer hochge­fahrenen Position.FIG. 3 shows the patient chair according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view obliquely from the front in a raised position.

Die beiden Gelenkarme 9, 10 bestehen jeweils aus zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordneten Seitenwangen 9a, 9b; 10a, 10b, die durch Querverbindungsstreben 9c, 10c praktisch ein U-förmi­ges Teil bilden. Aus der Darstellung ist erkennbar, daß die Seitenwangen 10a, 10b nicht parallel zueinander verlaufen, son­dern zur Gelenkstelle 11 hin einen kleineren Abstand aufweisen als zur Gelenkstelle 14 hin. Der Abstand A der Gelenke 11 ist somit kleiner als der Abstand B der Gelenke 14. Ähnliches gilt auch für den Gelenkarm 9, dessen Seitenwangen 9a, 9b innerhalb der des Gelenkarmes 10 liegen. Durch diese Verkleinerung der Abstände im Bereich des Verbindungsgelenkes 11 wird eine Ein­schnürung erreicht, die in diesem Bereich zusätzlichen Platz schafft für die Unterbringung anderer Bauteile. Z.B. kann der so gewonnene Freiraum zur Unterbringung einer Verschiebebahn oder Halterung eines Gerätes (Arzt- oder Helferinnengerätes) genutzt werden.The two articulated arms 9, 10 each consist of two spaced-apart side cheeks 9a, 9b; 10a, 10b, which practically form a U-shaped part through cross-connecting struts 9c, 10c. It can be seen from the illustration that the side cheeks 10a, 10b do not run parallel to one another, but are at a smaller distance from the articulation point 11 than from the articulation point 14. The distance A of the joints 11 is thus smaller than the distance B of the joints 14. The same also applies to the articulated arm 9, the side cheeks 9a, 9b of which lie within that of the articulated arm 10. This reduction in the distances in the area of the connecting joint 11 results in a constriction which creates additional space in this area for accommodating other components. E.g. the free space thus obtained can be used to accommodate a sliding track or to hold a device (doctor's or assistant's device).

Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Basis­teil 15, wie dargestellt, einen Standsockel 34 aufweist, der so angeordnet ist, daß die Gelenke 14, an denen die einen Enden des Gelenkarmes 10 angelenkt sind, benachbart dem Fußende des Stuhles angeordnet sind, und zwar in einer Höhe C (Fig. 1), die etwa der Länge D des dort angelenkten Gelenkarmes 10 ent­spricht. Diese Höhe beträgt zweckmäßigerweise etwa 300 mm über der Standebene 5. Die beiden Gelenkarme 9, 10 sind zweckmäßiger­weise gleich lang ausgebildet; dies ist jedoch nicht zwingend notwendig.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the base part 15, as shown, has a stand base 34 which is arranged such that the joints 14 to which one end of the articulated arm 10 is articulated are arranged adjacent to the foot end of the chair, namely at a height C (FIG. 1), which corresponds approximately to the length D of the articulated arm 10 articulated there. This height is expediently about 300 mm above the level 5. The two articulated arms 9, 10 are expediently of the same length; however, this is not absolutely necessary.

Bei der bisher dargestellten Ausführungsform sind Spindelantrie­be verwendet, bei der die Spindel in den Spindelantriebsteil ein- und ausgefahren wird. Bei der in Figur 4 aufgezeigten Variante, die hinsichtlich Aufbau des Sockels und der Gelenk­arme der in Figuren 1 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform ent­spricht, weisen die Antriebsteile an den Motoren angeflanschte Stirnradgetriebe auf, welche die Spindeln antreiben. Anstelle der Stirnradgetriebemotoren können auch Schnecken- bzw. Zahn­riemengetriebe verwendet werden. Bezüglich Anordnung der Ver­stellantriebe gilt das bereits zur Ausführung nach Figur 1 Gesagte, d.h. aus baulichen oder sonstigen Gründen können die Anlenkstellen der Verstellantriebe auch anders gewählt werden als dargestellt. Ebenso ist es denkbar, die Anlenkung von Getriebe und Spindel umgekehrt, wie dargestellt, vorzu­sehen.In the embodiment shown so far, spindle drives are used in which the spindle is moved in and out of the spindle drive part. In the shown in Figure 4 Variant, which corresponds to the construction of the base and the articulated arms of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 3, the drive parts on the motors flanged spur gears that drive the spindles. Worm or toothed belt gears can also be used instead of the helical geared motors. With regard to the arrangement of the adjustment drives, what has already been said about the embodiment according to FIG. 1 applies, ie for structural or other reasons the articulation points of the adjustment drives can also be selected differently than shown. It is also conceivable to reverse the linkage of the gear and spindle, as shown.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figuren 5 und 6 unterscheidet sich von den bisher beschriebenen Ausführungsformen dadurch, daß anstelle der Spindelantriebe Elektro- oder Hydraulikmotore mit sehr hohen Untersetzungsgetrieben, z.B. Planetengetrieben, vorgesehen sind und diese Antriebe koaxial an den Gelenkpunkten der Gelenkarme angeordnet sind und diese somit direkt antreiben. antreiben. Auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind an einem Standsockel 35, der dem in Figur 1 mit 34 bezeichneten ent­spricht, zwei unabhängig voneinander bewegliche Gelenkarme 36, 37 vorhanden, deren eine Enden mittels Gelenk 38 mitein­ander und deren andere Enden einerseits mittels Gelenke 39 mit dem Sockel 35 und andererseits mittels Gelenke 40 mit ei­nem Ansatz 41 des Stuhloberteils gelenkig verbunden sind. An allen drei Gelenkstellen 38, 39, 40 sind Verstellantriebe mit Verstellmotoren 42, 32 und 44 vorgesehen. Als Verstellmotoren kommen vorzugsweise Niederspannungsgleichstrommotoren zur Anwen­dung, die, wie in Figur 2 vereinfacht dargestellt, unabhängig voneinander angesteuert werden. Die Reduktion der Motordrehzahlen auf die "Wirkdrehzahl" der zu verstellenden Teile (Gelenkarme und Sitzrahmen bzw. Gelenkarm und Sockel) erfolgt mit Hilfe ge­ eigneter Getriebekomponenten, die in Figuren 5 und 6 mit 45, 46 und 47 bezeichnet sind. Solche Getriebe können beispiels­weise Planetenradgetriebe sein. Die Drehmomentübertragung er­folgt bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform dadurch, daß die Getriebekomponenten drehfest mit dem Stuhlsockel 35, dem Ge­lenkarm 36 und Ansatz 41 verbunden sind und die Antriebswelle der Getriebe drehfest mit den Gelenkachsen 38, 39 und 40 der Gelenkarme 36, 37 verbunden ist.The embodiment according to Figures 5 and 6 differs from the previously described embodiments in that instead of the spindle drives, electric or hydraulic motors with very high reduction gears, for example planetary gears, are provided and these drives are arranged coaxially at the articulation points of the articulated arms and thus drive them directly . drive. In this exemplary embodiment too, two independently movable articulated arms 36, 37 are present on a stand base 35, which corresponds to that designated by 34 in FIG. 1, one end of which is interconnected by means of articulation 38 and the other ends of which is articulated by means of joints 39 to base 35 and on the other hand, are articulated by means of joints 40 to an extension 41 of the upper part of the chair. At all three articulation points 38, 39, 40, adjustment drives with adjustment motors 42, 32 and 44 are provided. Low-voltage direct current motors are preferably used as adjusting motors, which, as shown in simplified form in FIG. 2, are controlled independently of one another. The engine speeds are reduced to the "effective speed" of the parts to be adjusted (articulated arms and seat frame or articulated arm and base) using ge suitable gear components, which are designated in FIGS. 5 and 6 with 45, 46 and 47. Such gears can be, for example, planetary gears. The torque transmission takes place in the illustrated embodiment in that the gear components are rotatably connected to the chair base 35, the articulated arm 36 and shoulder 41 and the drive shaft of the gear is rotatably connected to the articulated axes 38, 39 and 40 of the articulated arms 36, 37.

Die Anordnung der Antriebseinheiten (Motor und Getriebe) kann, wie in Figur 6 gestrichelt dargestellt, sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb der Gelenkarme vorgesehen sein. Eine Anordnung der Antriebseinheit innerhalb der Gelenkarme hat den Vorteil, daß der Abtrieb beidseitig erfolgen kann, wodurch eine bessere Torsionssteifigkeit der Gelenkarme erreicht wird.The arrangement of the drive units (motor and transmission), as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6, can be provided both inside and outside the articulated arms. An arrangement of the drive unit within the articulated arms has the advantage that the output can take place on both sides, whereby a better torsional rigidity of the articulated arms is achieved.

Die Höhenverstellung des Sitzes wird bei der vorgestellten Aus­führungsform weitgehend durch Schwenken des Gelenkarmes 36 um die Achslagerung 39 erfolgen, die Längsverstellung wird in erster Linie durch Schwenken des zweiten Schwenkarmes 37 um die Achslagerung 38 erfolgen. Jedoch wird sich bei exakter Höhenverstellung oder Längsverschiebung eine Kombination von beiden Bewegungen ergeben, die durch die Steuereinheit 20 (Fig. 2) entsprechend der Stellung der Positionsgeber ermittelt wird.The height adjustment of the seat in the embodiment presented is largely carried out by pivoting the articulated arm 36 around the axle bearing 39, the longitudinal adjustment is primarily carried out by pivoting the second pivot arm 37 around the axle bearing 38. However, with exact height adjustment or longitudinal displacement, a combination of both movements will result, which is determined by control unit 20 (FIG. 2) in accordance with the position of the position transmitter.

In Figur 6, die den Stuhl in Rückansicht entsprechend dem Pfeil in Figur 5 zeigt, sind sehr deutlich die unterschied­lichen Gelenkabstände A, B, die die Seitenwangen der Gelenk­arme aufweisen, zu erkennen, wodurch sich die bereits erwähnte Einschnürung an der gemeinsamen Gelenkstelle (11 in Fig. 3 und 38 in Fig. 5) ergibt.In Figure 6, which shows the chair in a rear view corresponding to the arrow in Figure 5, the different joint distances A, B, which the side cheeks of the articulated arms have, can be seen very clearly, as a result of which the aforementioned constriction at the common joint point (11 in 3 and 38 in Fig. 5) results.

Die Figur 7 zeigt schließlich eine Ausführungsform, die gegen­über den bisher beschriebenen keine elektronische Regelung der Verstellantriebe benötigt, die jedoch keinen so exakten Bewe­ gungsablauf gewährleistet, wie die bisher beschriebenen Aus­führungsformen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform bestehen die Gelenk­arme aus Parallelogrammgestängearmen 45, 46, deren eine Gelenk­achsen an einem gemeinsamen Verbindungsteil 50 und deren andere Enden über Gelenke 57 einerseits an einem Sockel 51 und andererseits über Gelenke 58 an einem Trägerteil 52 angelenkt sind, an dem mittels Gelenk 53 das Stuhloberteil 1 angelenkt ist. Das eine Parallelogrammgestänge 49 dient bei dieser Version hauptsächlich zur Höhenverstellung des Stuhloberteils, während das Parallelogrammgestänge 48 zur Verstellung des Stuhles in Längsrichtung des Stuhles dient. Als Verstellantriebe kom­men elektromotorische oder, wie in der Figur gezeigt, hydrau­lische Verstellantriebe 54 bis 56 zur Anwendung.Finally, FIG. 7 shows an embodiment which does not require any electronic regulation of the adjustment drives compared to the ones described so far, but which does not require such an exact movement supply sequence guaranteed, as the previously described embodiments. In this embodiment, the articulated arms consist of parallelogram linkage arms 45, 46, one articulated axis of which is articulated to a common connecting part 50 and the other ends of which are articulated to a base 51 via articulations 57 and to a support part 52 via articulations 58, to which the articulation 53 is used Chair top 1 is articulated. The one parallelogram linkage 49 is used in this version mainly for height adjustment of the upper part of the chair, while the parallelogram linkage 48 is used for adjusting the chair in the longitudinal direction of the chair. The adjustment drives used are electromotive or, as shown in the figure, hydraulic adjustment drives 54 to 56.

Im Gegensatz zu den vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsformen kann hier auf eine elektronische Regelung verzichtet werden; aller­dings ist dann der lineare Bewegungsablauf nicht so optimal wie bei den zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen.In contrast to the above-described embodiments, electronic regulation can be dispensed with here; however, the linear movement sequence is then not as optimal as in the previously described embodiments.

Nachdem der mechanische Aufbau des Stuhles in verschiedenen Varianten beschrieben ist, sei anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren der Bewegungsablauf des Stuhloberteils und die Steuerung der Verstellantriebe näher erläutert.After the mechanical structure of the chair has been described in various variants, the following figures explain the sequence of movements of the upper part of the chair and the control of the adjustment drives.

Die Figur 8 zeigt zunächst die Bewegungsmöglichkeit auf, die die erfindungsgemäße Stuhlunterteilmechanik bietet.FIG. 8 first shows the possibility of movement offered by the chair base mechanism according to the invention.

Die mit 60 bezeichnete Kurve zeigt die Hüllkurve, innerhalb der unter Zugrundelegung der erläuterten Doppelgelenkarmkonstruk­tion eine Bewegung des Stuhloberteils möglich ist. Zur Ver­einfachung ist diese Hüllkurve 60 für den Gelenkpunkt 12 auf­gezeigt. Die stark umrandete Kurve 60a innerhalb der Hüll­kurve 60 stellt dabei den in der Praxis nutzbaren Verstellbe­reich dar. Bei der nachfolgenden Betrachtung wird davon aus­gegangen, daß der Gelenkpunkt 12 (stellvertretend für einen beliebigen anderen Punkt des Stuhloberteils) von der Ausgangs­position P₀ (mit den Koordinaten x₀, y₀) in die Position P₁ (mit den Koordinaten x₁, y₁) gebracht werden soll. Die Po­sition P₁ wird beispielsweise repräsentiert durch das Programm P₁, welches mit einer der Programmwahltasten 19 abgerufen wer­den kann. Um das Stuhloberteil von dem Bezugspunkt P₀ zum Punkt P₁ zu bringen, müßte dieses sowohl eine Bewegung nach oben als auch nach vorne (zum Fußende) ausführen.The curve labeled 60 shows the envelope curve within which movement of the upper part of the chair is possible on the basis of the double articulated arm construction explained. For the sake of simplicity, this envelope curve 60 is shown for the articulation point 12. The strongly bordered curve 60a within the envelope curve 60 represents the adjustment range that can be used in practice. In the following consideration, it is assumed that the articulation point 12 (representative of one any other point of the upper chair part) from the starting position P₀ (with the coordinates x₀, y₀) to the position P₁ (with the coordinates x₁, y₁) is to be brought. The position P₁ is represented, for example, by the program P₁, which can be called up using one of the program selection buttons 19. In order to bring the upper part of the chair from the reference point P₀ to the point P₁, this would have to be carried out both upwards and forwards (towards the foot end).

Bevor der Steuerablauf erläutert wird, sei zunächst die Steuer­einheit 20 anhand der Figur 10 näher beschrieben. Die Steuer­einheit enthält einen Zentralprozessor 61 (CPU), an den über serielle Schnittstellen 63 einerseits die Schalter 21 bis 23 für eine manuelle Verstellung des Stuhloberteils und anderer­seits die Programmwahltasten 19 für eine automatische Ver­stellung des Stuhloberteils in eine der drei frei wählbaren Stuhlpositionen P₁ bis P₃ angeschlossen sind. An den CPU sind weiterhin die Geber G₁ bis G₃ unter Zwischenschaltung von A/D-Wandlern 64 und die Verstellmotoren M1 bis M3 unter Zwi­schenschaltung von A/D-Wandlern 65 und Servoeinheiten 66, die eine Leistungsendstufe für den Motor mit Regelkreis beinhalten, angeschlossen. Mit 67 ist das Arbeitsprogramm für den CPU be­zeichnet, mit 68 der Speicher für die Programme P₁ bis P₃.Before the control process is explained, the control unit 20 is first described in more detail with reference to FIG. 10. The control unit contains a central processor 61 (CPU) to which the switches 21 to 23 for manual adjustment of the upper part of the chair and on the other hand the program selection buttons 19 for automatic adjustment of the upper part of the chair are connected to one of the three freely selectable chair positions P 1 to P 3 to the serial interfaces 63 are. At the CPU, the sensors G₁ to G₃ with the interposition of A / D converters 64 and the adjustment motors M1 to M3 with the interposition of A / D converters 65 and servo units 66, which include a power output stage for the motor with control circuit, are also connected. With 67 the work program for the CPU is designated, with 68 the memory for the programs P₁ to P₃.

Im Ausgangs- bzw. Bezugspunkt P₀ wird von der Elektronik der Steuereinheit 20 abgefragt, welche Istwerte die Geber G₁ bis G₃ haben. Aus diesen Informationen errechnet der Prozessor 61 sodann die Koordinaten (x₀, y₀) von P₀. Danach berechnet der Prozessor die kürzeste Entfernung (S₁ in Fig. 8) zwischen dem Ausgangspunkt und dem angewählten Punkt P₁ mit den Koordinaten x₁ und y1.At the starting or reference point P₀ the electronics of the control unit 20 asks which actual values the sensors G₁ to G₃ have. From this information, the processor 61 then calculates the coordinates (x₀, y₀) of P₀. Then the processor calculates the shortest distance (S₁ in Fig. 8) between the starting point and the selected point P₁ with the coordinates x₁ and y1.

Die Bewegung des Stuhloberteils, wenn es vom Ausgangspunkt P₀ zum angewählten Positionspunkt P₁ verstellt wird, soll nicht gleichförmig erfolgen, sondern nach einer bestimmten Ablauf­kurve mit z.B. linearem Anstieg zu Beginn der Bewegung und mit linearem Abfall gegen Ende der Bewegung. Vorteilhafterweise sind die Bewegungsübergänge sanft, wodurch sich, wie in Figur 9 oben dargestellt, eine sogenante Rampenkurve ergibt. Entsprechend einer solchen Rampenkurve ist also über einen bestimmten ersten Zeitabschnitt a ein sanfter Anstieg, über einen bestimmten zweiten Zeitabschnitt b eine gleichförmige, und über einen dritten Zeitabschnitt c (bis Erreichen der angewählten Position) ein sanftes Ausklingen der Bewegung gegeben. Bei einer derartigen Ablaufkurve ist es notwendig, daß die einzelnen Verstellmotoren M1 bis M3 unterschiedliches Geschwindigkeitsverhalten über die betreffende Laufzeit (t) zeigen. Ein solches Geschwindigkeitsverhalten für die drei Motoren M1 bis M3 ist in den V/t-Diagrammen in Figur 9 unter­halb der dargestellten Ablaufkurve aufgezeigt. Um zu Beginn der Bewegung einen relativ sanften Anlauf in der Verstellbe­wegung des Stuhloberteils zu bekommen (entsprechend dem Ab­schnitt a) der Ablaufkurve in Figur 9), kann es beispielsweise notwendig sein, die Geschwindigkeit des Verstellmotors M1 in diesem Zeitabschnitt sehr niedrig zu halten, während der Ver­stellmotor M2 sogleich mit relativ hoher Geschwindigkeit ge­fahren wird. Ebenso kann es in der Auslaufphase (Abschnitt c)) vorteilhaft sein, daß der Verstellmotor M3 mit negativer Ge­schwindigkeit, d.h. in umgekehrter Drehrichtung, läuft.The movement of the upper part of the chair, when it is adjusted from the starting point P₀ to the selected position point P₁, should not take place uniformly, but instead according to a certain curve with a linear increase at the beginning of the movement and with linear drop towards the end of the movement. Advantageously, the movement transitions are smooth, which results in a so-called ramp curve, as shown in FIG. 9 above. According to such a ramp curve, there is a gentle increase over a certain first time period a, a uniform rise over a certain second time period b, and a gentle decay of the movement over a third time period c (until the selected position is reached). With such a sequence curve, it is necessary that the individual adjusting motors M1 to M3 show different speed behavior over the relevant running time (t). Such a speed behavior for the three motors M1 to M3 is shown in the V / t diagrams in FIG. 9 below the flow curve shown. In order to get a relatively smooth start in the adjustment movement of the upper part of the chair at the beginning of the movement (corresponding to section a) of the flow curve in FIG. 9), it may be necessary, for example, to keep the speed of the adjustment motor M1 very low during this time period during the Actuator M2 is immediately driven at a relatively high speed. It can also be advantageous in the phase-out phase (section c)) that the adjusting motor M3 runs at a negative speed, ie in the opposite direction of rotation.

Der Rechner des Zentralprozessors 61 errechnet anhand der vor­gegebenen Ablaufkurve die einzelnen V/t-Diagramme für die ein­zelnen Motoren M1 bis M3. Die zur Erreichung der Geschwindig­keitswerte entsprechend der vorgegebenen Kurve erforderlichen Spannungen werden über die Leistungsendstufen 66 den Verstell­motoren M1 bis M3 zugeführt. Um eine möglichst genaue Einhal­tung der Ablaufkurve zu erzielen, sind vorzugsweise Regel­kreise vorgesehen, die die Kurvenwerte kontrollieren und ge­gebenenfalls korrigieren, indem die Werte der Geber G1 bis G3 ständig abgefragt und mit den Sollwerten verglichen werden.The computer of the central processor 61 calculates the individual V / t diagrams for the individual motors M1 to M3 on the basis of the specified flow curve. The voltages required to achieve the speed values in accordance with the predefined curve are supplied to the adjusting motors M1 to M3 via the power output stages 66. In order to achieve the most accurate adherence to the trajectory, control loops are preferably provided which control and, if necessary, correct the curve values by constantly querying the values of the transmitters G1 to G3 and comparing them with the target values.

Claims (12)

1. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl mit Mitteln zur Verstellung der Sitzhöhe, der Neigungslage von Sitz und Rückenlehne sowie der Position von Sitz und Rückenlehne in bezug auf die Längs­richtung des Stuhles, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß zwei gelenkig miteinander verbundene Gelenkarme (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) vorgesehen sind, deren freie Enden einerseits am Sitz (2) bzw. an einem Träger (52) für den Sitz (2) und andererseits an einem gegenüber einer Stand­ebene erhöhten Sockel (34, 35, 51) angelenkt sind, daß zur Ver­stellung der Gelenkarme (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) getrennt steuer­bare Verstellantriebe (16, 17, 18; 42, 43, 44; 54, 55, 56) vor­gesehen sind, und daß eine Steuereinrichtung (20) vorhanden ist, welche die Verstellantriebe im Sinne einer Veränderung der Stuhlposition ansteuert.1. Dental patient chair with means for adjusting the seat height, the inclination of the seat and backrest and the position of the seat and backrest in relation to the longitudinal direction of the chair, characterized in that two articulated arms (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) are provided, the free ends of which are articulated on the one hand on the seat (2) or on a support (52) for the seat (2) and on the other hand on a base (34, 35, 51) which is raised in relation to a standing level for the adjustment of the articulated arms (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) separately controllable adjustment drives (16, 17, 18; 42, 43, 44; 54, 55, 56) are provided, and that a control device (20) is provided which controls the adjustment drives in the sense of changing the chair position. 2. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ver­stellantriebe (16, 17, 18; 42, 43, 44; 54, 55, 56) so ange­ordnet sind, daß ein erster (18, 42, 54) zwischen dem am Sockel (34, 35, 51) angelenkten einen Gelenkarm (10, 36, 49) und dem ortsfesten Sockel (34, 35, 51), ein zweiter (17, 43, 55) zwischen den beiden Gelenkarmen und ein dritter (16, 44, 56) zwischen Sitz (2) und dem am Sitz angelenkten anderen Gelenk­arm (9, 37, 48) angreift.2. Dental patient chair according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjusting drives (16, 17, 18; 42, 43, 44; 54, 55, 56) are arranged so that a first (18, 42, 54) between one articulated arm (10, 36, 49) articulated on the base (34, 35, 51) and the fixed base (34, 35, 51), a second (17, 43, 55) between the two articulated arms and a third (16 , 44, 56) between the seat (2) and the other articulated arm (9, 37, 48) articulated on the seat. 3. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Gelenkarme (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) so angeordnet sind, daß sich der Sockel (34, 35, 51) mit den Verbindungsgelenken (14, 39, 57) des einen Gelenkarmes (10, 37, 49) näher dem Fußende des Sitzes befindet als die gemeinsame Gelenkstelle (11, 38, 50) der beiden Gelenkarme.3. Dental patient chair according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two articulated arms (9, 10; 36, 37; 48, 49) are arranged so that the base (34, 35, 51) with the connecting joints (14th , 39, 57) of the one articulated arm (10, 37, 49) is closer to the foot end of the seat than the common articulation point (11, 38, 50) of the two articulated arms. 4. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vertikale Abstand (C) der Gelenkstelle (14, 39, 57) des einen Gelenkarmes (10, 36, 49) am Sockel (34, 35, 51) von der Standebene (5) in etwa der Länge (D) des dort angelenkten Gelenkarmes (10, 36, 49) entspricht.4. Dental patient chair according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vertical distance (C) of the joint point (14, 39, 57) of an articulated arm (10, 36, 49) on the base (34, 35, 51) from the standing level (5) corresponds approximately to the length (D) of the articulated arm (10, 36, 49) articulated there. 5. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gelenkarme (9, 10; 36, 37) U-förmig ausgebildet sind und so jeweils zueinander beabstandete und durch Quer­verbindungselemente (9c, 10c) miteinander verbundene Sei­tenwangen (9a, 9b; 10a, 10b) bilden und daß zumindest der eine Gelenkarm (10) zur gemeinsamen Gelenkstelle (11) hin eine Einschnürung bildet, indem der Gelenkabstand (A) der Seitenwangen zueinander an der gemeinsamen Gelenkstelle (11) kleiner ist als der Gelenkabstand (B) der Seitenwangen an der gegenüberliegenden Gelenkstelle (14).5. Dental patient chair according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the articulated arms (9, 10; 36, 37) are U-shaped and so each spaced apart and by cross-connecting elements (9c, 10c) interconnected side cheeks (9a , 9b; 10a, 10b) and that at least one articulated arm (10) forms a constriction towards the common articulation point (11) in that the articulation distance (A) of the side cheeks at the common articulation point (11) is smaller than the articulation distance ( B) the side cheeks at the opposite hinge point (14). 6. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Gelenkarme (48, 49) aus je einem Parallelo­grammgestänge bestehen.6. Dental patient chair according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two articulated arms (48, 49) each consist of a parallelogram linkage. 7. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß elektromotorische Antriebe (16 bis 18, 42 bis 44) vor­gesehen sind.7. Dental patient chair according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that electromotive drives (16 to 18, 42 to 44) are provided. 8. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die An­triebe (42 bis 44) direkt an den Gelenkstellen, an denen die beiden Gelenkarme einerseits miteinander und andererseits an Sitz und Sockel angelenkt sind, angeordnet sind.8. Dental patient chair according to claim 7, characterized in that the drives (42 to 44) are arranged directly at the articulation points at which the two articulated arms are articulated on the one hand and on the other hand to the seat and base. 9. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Spindel­antriebsmotoren mit angeflanschten Reduktionsgetrieben vorge­sehen sind.9. Dental patient chair according to claim 7, characterized in that spindle drive motors are provided with flanged reduction gears. 10. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinheit (20) einen Zentralprozessor (CPU) enthält, an den Stellungsgeber (G₁ bis G₃) angeschlossen sind, die dem CPU (61) Informatioen über die Ausgangsposition (Istwert) der Verstellantriebe (M₁ bis M₃) bzw. der zu verstellenden Stuhlteile liefern, daß im CPU (61) die der Ausgangsposition (P₀) zugeordneten Koordinaten (x₀, y₀) errechnet werden, daß entsprechend einer durch Anwahl einer vorzugsweise durch eine Programmwahltaste (19) anwählbaren Position (P₁, P₂, P₃) im CPU (61) die Koordination (x₁, y₁) der angewählten Position aufgenommen werden, daß der CPU (61) anhand der Koordinaten­information die Entfernung (S₁) zwischen der Ausgangsposition (P₀) und der angewählten Position (P₁) ermittelt und danach die an ihm angeschlossenen Verstellantriebe (M₁ bis M₃) nach einer vorbestimmten Ablaufkurve (Fig. 9) ansteuert.10. Dental patient chair according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the control unit (20) contains a central processor (CPU) to the position transmitter (G₁ to G₃) are connected, the CPU (61) information about the starting position ( Actual value) of the adjustment drives (M₁ to M₃) or the chair parts to be adjusted deliver that the coordinates (x₀, y₀) assigned to the starting position (P₀) are calculated in the CPU (61), that according to one of the selection of a preferably by a program selection key ( 19) selectable position (P₁, P₂, P₃) in the CPU (61) the coordination (x₁, y₁) of the selected position can be added, that the CPU (61) based on the coordinate information, the distance (S₁) between the starting position (P₀) and the selected position (P₁) determined and then controls the adjustment drives connected to it (M₁ to M₃) according to a predetermined flow curve (Fig. 9). 11. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablaufkurve eine Anstiegsfunktion mit linearer Beschleunigung zu Beginn der Bewegung, anschließend eine gleichförmige Be­wegung und gegen Ende der Bewegung eine abfallende Funktion mit linearer Verzögerung enthält.11. Dental patient chair according to claim 10, characterized in that the flow curve contains an increase function with linear acceleration at the beginning of the movement, then a uniform movement and towards the end of the movement a decreasing function with a linear delay. 12. Zahnärztlicher Patientenstuhl nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ab­laufkurve nach Art einer Rampe mit sanft ansteigender Funktion zu Beginn der Verstellbewegung und sanft abfallender Funktion am Ende der Verstellbewegung festgelegt ist.12. Dental patient chair according to claim 11, characterized in that the flow curve is fixed in the manner of a ramp with a gently rising function at the beginning of the adjustment movement and a gently falling function at the end of the adjustment movement.
EP88120938A 1988-12-14 1988-12-14 Dental chair Expired - Lifetime EP0373245B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88120938A EP0373245B1 (en) 1988-12-14 1988-12-14 Dental chair
DE8888120938T DE3878566D1 (en) 1988-12-14 1988-12-14 DENTAL PATIENT CHAIR.
JP1989143565U JPH0515300Y2 (en) 1988-12-14 1989-12-11
US07/450,618 US5015035A (en) 1988-12-14 1989-12-14 Dental patient chair

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88120938A EP0373245B1 (en) 1988-12-14 1988-12-14 Dental chair

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0373245A1 true EP0373245A1 (en) 1990-06-20
EP0373245B1 EP0373245B1 (en) 1993-02-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88120938A Expired - Lifetime EP0373245B1 (en) 1988-12-14 1988-12-14 Dental chair

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5015035A (en)
EP (1) EP0373245B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0515300Y2 (en)
DE (1) DE3878566D1 (en)

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WO2007113395A1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-11 Lifestand 'vivre Debout' Multi-position chair for handicapped user

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US5992934A (en) * 1995-11-29 1999-11-30 Sirona Dental Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for adjusting the forcibly coupled seat and back of a dentist chair
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0373245B1 (en) 1993-02-17
JPH0515300Y2 (en) 1993-04-22
DE3878566D1 (en) 1993-03-25
JPH0284629U (en) 1990-07-02
US5015035A (en) 1991-05-14

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