EP0365407B1 - Power transformer with reduced heat generation - Google Patents

Power transformer with reduced heat generation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0365407B1
EP0365407B1 EP19890402833 EP89402833A EP0365407B1 EP 0365407 B1 EP0365407 B1 EP 0365407B1 EP 19890402833 EP19890402833 EP 19890402833 EP 89402833 A EP89402833 A EP 89402833A EP 0365407 B1 EP0365407 B1 EP 0365407B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
transformer
plane
winding
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890402833
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0365407A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Yves Buatois
Jean-Michel Bouillot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orega Electronique et Mecanique
Original Assignee
Orega Electronique et Mecanique
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orega Electronique et Mecanique filed Critical Orega Electronique et Mecanique
Publication of EP0365407A1 publication Critical patent/EP0365407A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0365407B1 publication Critical patent/EP0365407B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/10—Single-phase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
    • H01F27/325—Coil bobbins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • H01F2005/022—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers wound on formers with several winding chambers separated by flanges, e.g. for high voltage applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power transformer with reduced heating.
  • these transformers are provided with thermal radiators and / or they are combined with means of forced ventilation, which significantly increases their size.
  • the ventilation means are not immune to breakdowns.
  • the present invention relates to a power transformer not requiring cooling means, or at least with cooling means less important than those of a conventional transformer with the same electrical characteristics, for the same operating temperature.
  • the object of the present invention relates to a transformer comprising a winding composed of two identical parts connected in parallel each of these two parts comprising at least one winding.
  • a transformer is for example disclosed by EP-A-0 287 307.
  • the transformer according to the invention is characterized in that its magnetic circuit is composed of two identical circuit parts arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane, each of these two circuit parts carrying one of said winding parts.
  • these winding parts are being wound symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry.
  • the transformer described below is a low voltage transformer intended for example for a switching power supply. Its magnetic circuit consists of two "E" ferrites. It is understood that the invention is not limited to such an application and to such a type of transformer: the transformer can be both at low and at high voltage and its circuit can as well be made of ferrite as it is made of 'a stack of sheets. In addition, it suffices that the two halves of this magnetic circuit are practically identical, their shape possibly being different from an "E".
  • the transformer winding 1 is very simplified in FIG. 1.
  • This winding consists of two half-windings 2,3. These half-windings 2,3 are identical and arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry, the trace 4 of which is shown in the drawing.
  • each half-winding 2,3 comprises five windings wound in the form of wafers.
  • These wafers are referenced A, B, C, D, E for the half-winding 2 and A ', B', C ', D', E 'for the half-winding 3.
  • the wafers A' to E ' are respectively identical to the pancakes A to E.
  • Identical pancakes are arranged symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry (trace 4), the pancakes A and A 'being the closest to this plane and the pancakes E and E' the most distant.
  • the magnetic circuit of the transformer comprises, as shown in FIG. 2, two identical parts 5,6 of ferrite in the shape of "E" arranged symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry.
  • the two outer legs of each "E” are the same length (legs 7.8 for part 5 and legs 9.10 for part 6).
  • the inner legs of the "E" (leg 11 for part 5 and leg 12 for part 6) are shorter than the outer legs, which provides a gap 13 between these inner legs. Because this air gap is located in the center of the coil, where the thickness of the carcass is greatest, the environmental disturbances caused by the flourishing of the field lines in the air gap are reduced.
  • the winding carcass 14, partially shown in FIG. 2 has the form of a tube (of circular section in the present example) supporting several discs (of circular peripheral shape in the present example).
  • the plane 4 passes through the center of the central disk 15.
  • the other four disks visible in FIG. 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane 4, namely the disks 16, 17 on one side of the disk 15 and the disks 16 'and 17 'on the other side, and respectively symmetrical of the discs 16 and 17.
  • the winding wafers A, B are wound between the discs 15,16 and 16,17 respectively while the winding wafers A', B ' are wound between the discs 15,16 'and 16', 17 'respectively.
  • the thickness of the disc 15 is greater than that of the other discs of the carcass 14 to prevent the wafers A and A 'from being at the level of air gap 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un transformateur de puissance à échauffement réduit.The present invention relates to a power transformer with reduced heating.

Les transformateurs électriques connus transmettant une puissance élevée, malgré tous les soins apportés à la réalisation de leurs enroulements et de leur circuit magnétique, dégagent une forte puissance thermique (pertes "cuivre" par effet Joule dans les enroulements, pertes "fer" dans le circuit magnétique).The known electrical transformers transmitting a high power, in spite of all the care taken to the realization of their windings and their magnetic circuit, release a strong thermal power (losses "copper" by Joule effect in the windings, losses "iron" in the circuit magnetic).

Pour limiter l'élévation de température de ces transformateurs, qui risquerait de les détruire, on les munit de radiateurs thermiques et/ou on les associe à des moyens de ventilation forcée, ce qui augmente sensiblement leur encombrement. En outre, les moyens de ventilation ne sont pas à l'abri de pannes.To limit the rise in temperature of these transformers, which would risk destroying them, they are provided with thermal radiators and / or they are combined with means of forced ventilation, which significantly increases their size. In addition, the ventilation means are not immune to breakdowns.

La présente invention a pour objet un transformateur de puissance ne nécessitant pas de moyens de refroidissement, ou tout au moins avec des moyens de refroidissement moins importants que ceux d'un transformateur classique de mêmes caractéristiques électriques, pour la même température de fonctionnement.The present invention relates to a power transformer not requiring cooling means, or at least with cooling means less important than those of a conventional transformer with the same electrical characteristics, for the same operating temperature.

L'objet de la présente invention est relatif à un transformateur comportant un bobinage composé de deux parties identiques branchées en parallèle chacune de ces deux parties comportant au moins un enroulement. Un tel transformateur est par exemple divulgué par EP-A-0 287 307.The object of the present invention relates to a transformer comprising a winding composed of two identical parts connected in parallel each of these two parts comprising at least one winding. Such a transformer is for example disclosed by EP-A-0 287 307.

Le transformateur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que son circuit magnétique est composé de deux parties de circuit identiques disposées symétriquement par rapport à un plan, chacune de ces deux parties de circuit portant l'une desdites parties de bobinage. Avantageusement ces parties de bobinage sont étant bobinées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie. Lorsque le circuit magnétique comporte deux parties de circuit ayant chacune, en coupe, une forme de "E", il est avantageux que l'entrefer soit situé sur la jambe centrale du "E".The transformer according to the invention is characterized in that its magnetic circuit is composed of two identical circuit parts arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane, each of these two circuit parts carrying one of said winding parts. Advantageously, these winding parts are being wound symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry. When the circuit magnetic has two circuit parts each having, in section, a shape of "E", it is advantageous that the air gap is located on the central leg of the "E".

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation, pris comme exemple et illustré par le dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique montrant la disposition des divers enroulements d'un transformateur conforme à l'invention, et
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe simplifiée, avec arraché, du transformateur de la figure 1.
The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description of an embodiment, taken as an example and illustrated by the appended drawing, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the various windings of a transformer according to the invention, and
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified sectional view, with parts broken away, of the transformer of FIG. 1.

Le transformateur décrit ci-dessous est un transformateur basse tension destiné par exemple à une alimentation à découpage. Son circuit magnétique se compose de deux ferrites en "E". Il est bien entendu que l'invention n'est pas limitée à une telle application et à un tel type de transformateur : le transformateur peut être aussi bien à basse qu'à haute tension et son circuit peut aussi bien être en ferrite que constitué d'un empilement de tôles. En outre, il suffit que les deux moitiés de ce circuit magnétique soient pratiquement identiques, leur forme pouvant être différente d'un "E".The transformer described below is a low voltage transformer intended for example for a switching power supply. Its magnetic circuit consists of two "E" ferrites. It is understood that the invention is not limited to such an application and to such a type of transformer: the transformer can be both at low and at high voltage and its circuit can as well be made of ferrite as it is made of 'a stack of sheets. In addition, it suffices that the two halves of this magnetic circuit are practically identical, their shape possibly being different from an "E".

Le bobinage 1 du transformateur est représenté de façon très simplifiée en figure 1. Ce bobinage se compose de deux demi-bobinages 2,3. Ces demi-bobinages 2,3 sont identiques et disposés symétriquement par rapport à un plan de symétrie dont on a représenté la trace 4 sur le dessin.The transformer winding 1 is very simplified in FIG. 1. This winding consists of two half-windings 2,3. These half-windings 2,3 are identical and arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry, the trace 4 of which is shown in the drawing.

Dans le présent exemple, chaque demi-bobinage 2,3 comprend cinq enroulements bobinés sous forme de galettes. Ces galettes sont référencées A, B, C, D, E pour le demi-enroulement 2 et A',B',C',D',E' pour le demi-enroulement 3. Les galettes A' à E' sont respectivement identiques aux galettes A à E. Des galettes identiques sont disposées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie (trace 4), les galettes A et A' étant les plus proches de ce plan et les galettes E et E' les plus éloignées.In the present example, each half-winding 2,3 comprises five windings wound in the form of wafers. These wafers are referenced A, B, C, D, E for the half-winding 2 and A ', B', C ', D', E 'for the half-winding 3. The wafers A' to E 'are respectively identical to the pancakes A to E. Identical pancakes are arranged symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry (trace 4), the pancakes A and A 'being the closest to this plane and the pancakes E and E' the most distant.

Bien entendu, dans d'autres modes de réalisation, on peut prévoir des galettes en forme de couronnes, l'ensemble ou une partie des couronnes de chaque demi-enroulement étant disposées à la même distance dudit plan de symétrie, leurs diamètres étant alors différents.Of course, in other embodiments, it is possible to provide wafers in the form of crowns, all or part of the crowns of each half-winding being arranged at the same distance from said plane of symmetry, their diameters then being different. .

Dans le présent exemple, le circuit magnétique du transformateur comporte, comme représenté en figure 2, deux parties identiques 5,6 en ferrite en forme de "E" disposées symétriquement par rapport audit plan de symétrie. Les deux jambes extérieures de chaque "E" sont de même longueur (jambes 7,8 pour la partie 5 et jambes 9,10 pour la partie 6). Les jambes intérieures des "E" (jambe 11 pour la partie 5 et jambe 12 pour la partie 6) sont plus courtes que les jambes extérieures, ce qui ménage un entrefer 13 entre ces jambes intérieures. Du fait que cet entrefer est situé au centre de la bobine, là où l'épaisseur de la carcasse est la plus importante, les perturbations de l'environnement provoquées par l'épanouissement des lignes de champ dans l'entrefer sont réduites.In the present example, the magnetic circuit of the transformer comprises, as shown in FIG. 2, two identical parts 5,6 of ferrite in the shape of "E" arranged symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry. The two outer legs of each "E" are the same length (legs 7.8 for part 5 and legs 9.10 for part 6). The inner legs of the "E" (leg 11 for part 5 and leg 12 for part 6) are shorter than the outer legs, which provides a gap 13 between these inner legs. Because this air gap is located in the center of the coil, where the thickness of the carcass is greatest, the environmental disturbances caused by the flourishing of the field lines in the air gap are reduced.

La carcasse du bobinage 14, partiellement représentée sur la figure 2, a la forme d'un tube (de section circulaire dans le présent exemple) supportant plusieurs disques (de forme périphérique circulaire dans le présent exemple). Le plan 4 passe par le centre du disque central 15. Les quatre autres disques visibles sur la figure 2 sont disposés symétriquement par rapport au plan 4, à savoir les disques 16,17 d'un côté du disque 15 et les disques 16' et 17' de l'autre côté, et respectivement symétriques des disques 16 et 17. Les galettes d'enroulements A, B sont bobinées entre les disques 15,16 et 16,17 respectivement tandis que les galettes d'enroulements A',B' sont bobinées entre les disques 15,16' et 16',17' respectivement.The winding carcass 14, partially shown in FIG. 2, has the form of a tube (of circular section in the present example) supporting several discs (of circular peripheral shape in the present example). The plane 4 passes through the center of the central disk 15. The other four disks visible in FIG. 2 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane 4, namely the disks 16, 17 on one side of the disk 15 and the disks 16 'and 17 'on the other side, and respectively symmetrical of the discs 16 and 17. The winding wafers A, B are wound between the discs 15,16 and 16,17 respectively while the winding wafers A', B ' are wound between the discs 15,16 'and 16', 17 'respectively.

De façon avantageuse, l'épaisseur du disque 15 est supérieure à celle des autres disques de la carcasse 14 pour éviter que les galettes A et A' ne soient au niveau de l'entrefer 13.Advantageously, the thickness of the disc 15 is greater than that of the other discs of the carcass 14 to prevent the wafers A and A 'from being at the level of air gap 13.

Grâce à la mise en parallèle des différents enroulements correspondants de chaque demi-bobinage 2,3, et grâce à la symétrie spatiale (par rapport au plan 4) de ces enroulements et du circuit magnétique on diminue l'échauffement du transformateur.Thanks to the paralleling of the different corresponding windings of each half-winding 2,3, and thanks to the spatial symmetry (with respect to plane 4) of these windings and of the magnetic circuit, the heating of the transformer is reduced.

Claims (5)

  1. Power transformer having reduced heat-up, of the type comprising a coiled structure composed of two identical parts (2, 3) connected in parallel, each of these two parts comprising at least one winding (A, A', etc.), characterised in that its magnetic circuit is composed of two identical circuit parts (5, 6) arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane (4), each of these two magnetic-circuit parts carrying one of the two coiled-structure parts (2, 3).
  2. Transformer according to Claim 1, characterised in that the two coiled-structure parts are wound symmetrically with respect to the said plane of symmetry (A and A', B and B', etc.).
  3. Transformer according to one of the preceding claims, the magnetic circuit of which comprises two circuit parts each having, in cross-section, an "E" shape, characterised in that the air gap is located at the end of the central leg (11, 12) of the "E".
  4. Transformer according to any one of the preceding claims, the coiled-structure former (14) of which is composed of discs formed on a cylinder, characterised in that the former comprises a central disc (15) located in the plane of symmetry of the transformer, the other discs (16, 17, 16', 17') being disposed symmetrically on either side of this central disc.
  5. Transformer according to Claim 4, characterised in that the central disc has a greater thickness than that of the other discs.
EP19890402833 1988-10-21 1989-10-13 Power transformer with reduced heat generation Expired - Lifetime EP0365407B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8813830A FR2638277A1 (en) 1988-10-21 1988-10-21 REDUCED HEATING POWER TRANSFORMER
FR8813830 1988-10-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0365407A1 EP0365407A1 (en) 1990-04-25
EP0365407B1 true EP0365407B1 (en) 1993-06-09

Family

ID=9371202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890402833 Expired - Lifetime EP0365407B1 (en) 1988-10-21 1989-10-13 Power transformer with reduced heat generation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0365407B1 (en)
DE (1) DE68907007T2 (en)
DK (1) DK175598B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2041025T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2638277A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4340020A1 (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-06-01 Sachsenwerk Ag Inductive electrical converter

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT359161B (en) * 1976-12-29 1980-10-27 Elin Union Ag REEL FOR THE SECOND DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
CS231460B1 (en) * 1982-02-02 1984-11-19 Ivan Kotora Transformer for rectifiers
US4806834A (en) * 1987-04-16 1989-02-21 Donald Goodman Electrical circuit for inductance conductors, transformers and motors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK175598B1 (en) 2004-12-13
DK515089A (en) 1990-04-22
EP0365407A1 (en) 1990-04-25
DE68907007T2 (en) 1993-11-04
DK515089D0 (en) 1989-10-17
FR2638277A1 (en) 1990-04-27
ES2041025T3 (en) 1993-11-01
DE68907007D1 (en) 1993-07-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1499001B1 (en) Cooling arrangement for electrical machines specially for a permanent magnet syncronous machine
EP0695018B2 (en) Synchronous motor having a rotor with built-in magnets
FR2726963A1 (en) INDUCTION COOKING FIREPLACE
EP0194225A1 (en) Current transformer for direct and alternating current
FR2995127A1 (en) MAGNETIC CORE FOR A WINDING MAGNETIC COMPONENT HAVING IMPROVED COOLING MEANS
EP0577468A1 (en) Improvements of coils for induction heating system
FR2514965A1 (en) SYNCHRONOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINE WITH SUPERCONDUCTIVE INDUCTOR
EP0365407B1 (en) Power transformer with reduced heat generation
FR2556493A1 (en) Electromagnetic winding and transformer containing such a winding
FR3087304A1 (en) STATOR TOOTH FOR ASSOCIATED ELECTRIC MACHINE, HEAD AND STATOR
FR2899399A1 (en) Magnetic hysteresis coupler for driving wind-unwind device, has armature permanent magnet produced in form of ring of one piece in magnetic material with vertical hysteresis loop and including through-slots for attenuating radial currents
CA2282869C (en) Electrical current transformer with supraconductive windings
FR2576162A1 (en) ELECTRIC GENERATORS FOR ALTERNATIVE CURRENT
CA1311019C (en) Oven for the thermomagnetic treatment of "o" coils
EP3198617B1 (en) Magnetic core of rotating transformer
EP0622812B1 (en) Powerresistor with natural convection
WO2005057764A1 (en) Advanced electromagnetic retarder annular rotor
FR2663452A3 (en) Thin ferrite core with three limbs for electronic devices
WO2012127152A1 (en) Induction furnace crucible
EP0221921B1 (en) Ironless solenoidal magnet
FR2916298A1 (en) COOLING THE MAGNETIC CORE OF AN INDUCTION COIL
WO1986005625A1 (en) Solenoidal magnet with annular discs of the bitter type
FR2731295A1 (en) Ignition coil for vehicle using permanent magnet in magnetic circuit
FR2688356A1 (en) Current limiter using series inductance with a magnetic circuit equipped with a superconducting sheath
CH364028A (en) Multipolar inductor element for rotating electric machine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19900914

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19921026

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT NL

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI CASETTA & PERANI S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 68907007

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930715

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930917

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2041025

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CA

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CD

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20081005

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20080929

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20081024

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20081121

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20081028

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20081024

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20091012

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20091014

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20091014

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20091013

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20091012