EP0357994B1 - Frame construction in mullion-transom-art, in particular for façades, roofs or the like - Google Patents
Frame construction in mullion-transom-art, in particular for façades, roofs or the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0357994B1 EP0357994B1 EP89114871A EP89114871A EP0357994B1 EP 0357994 B1 EP0357994 B1 EP 0357994B1 EP 89114871 A EP89114871 A EP 89114871A EP 89114871 A EP89114871 A EP 89114871A EP 0357994 B1 EP0357994 B1 EP 0357994B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profiles
- frame
- glass
- panes
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/6617—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together one of the panes being larger than another
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
- E04B2/967—Details of the cross-section of the mullions or transoms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
- E06B3/5427—Fixing of glass panes or like plates the panes mounted flush with the surrounding frame or with the surrounding panes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a frame construction in a mullion-transom construction, in particular for facades, roofs or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Frame constructions in a mullion-transom construction, in which the glass panes are fastened by means of cover profiles covering the pane edges, are common (cf., for example, DE-PS 3,401,085).
- both types of glazing are to be combined with one another for design reasons (e.g. to give the structurally unstructured all-glass facade a structure) or for functional reasons (because, for example, the number of opening types is limited in the all-glass facade), then the task arises at the transitions of the Both types of glazing make the assembly of the glass panes, panels or the like as simple as possible.
- cover profiles formed on one side at the transitions of the two types of glazing and covering the pane edges of the glass panes or the like on the outside the assembly of the glass panes being made considerably easier in that the cover profiles and the frame have essentially Fasteners extending perpendicular to the plane of the glass pane are connected to the mullion and transom profiles.
- the glass panes or the like fastened by means of cover profiles and the frames on the inside of the frame construction have the same sealing level. At the transitions of the types of glazing, the glass panes are then on different levels.
- the glass panes are to run at approximately the same level at the transitions of the types of glazing, the glass panes or the like fastened by means of cover profiles and the frames on the inside of the frame construction have different sealing levels, with or between the glass panes or the like fastened by means of cover profiles Post and transom profiles are each arranged compensation profiles.
- the frames glued to the glass panes it is recommended that they have a leg that surrounds the glass panes and are therefore designed as a frame.
- Frame fields A are marked, in which the glass panes 3 are fastened to the mullions 1 and transom profiles 2 by means of cover profiles 5, 5a covering the pane edges on the outside.
- frame fields B are marked, in which the glass panes 4 are glazed in the sense of glazing without pane holding profiles ("structural or silicone glazing") that are visible from the outside, by first gluing the glass panes 4 into a frame 6 and then to the post 1 - And transom profiles 2 are attached.
- the frame fields A can cover a ventilated room
- the frame fields B can cover a fully air-conditioned room.
- the (vertical) post profiles 1 and the (horizontal) transom profiles 2 are designed as hollow chamber profiles.
- the post profiles 1 have anchoring grooves 7 for inner seals 8 and a central web 9 with screw channel 9 '.
- the transom profiles 2 are constructed analogously: the same designations are used here.
- the insulating glass panes 3 are screwed frontally to the central webs 9 by means of cover profiles 5, 5a covering the pane edges on the outside, with the interposition of outer seals 10.
- the cover profiles 5 each cover two adjacent glass panes 3; at the transitions of the two types of glazing (see FIG. 2 / middle and FIG. 3) there are cover profiles 5a which are formed on one side and cover the pane edges on the outside and which have a fastening web 11 which runs essentially parallel to the pane plane for the screw connection.
- cover profile 5a can also be designed as a hollow chamber profile (indicated by dashed lines).
- the cover profiles 5 can additionally have cover strips 12.
- the glass panes 4 are glued into the frame 6 (cf. the adhesive 13), which in turn are screwed frontally to the central webs 9 by means of a crossbar 14.
- the crosspiece 14 runs essentially parallel to the plane of the disk.
- the border frame 6 have a circumferential leg 6 'which completely surrounds the glass panes 4 or the like.
- the glass panes 4 are preferably bonded to the frame 6 in the workshop.
- a continuous insulating web, numbered 15, is indicated.
- the glass panes 3 and the border frame 6 on the inside of the frame structure have the same sealing level D.
- the glass panes 3 and 4 are thus on different levels.
- the cover profile 5a - in particular for optical reasons - is designed such that its outer edge 5a 'is aligned with the outer edge 6' of the leg 6 '.
- cover profile 5a and frame 6 are sealed by seals 16.
- Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section in another embodiment of the invention, in which the cover profiles 5, 5a and the frame 6 are also attached frontally.
- the glass sheets 3, 4 run approximately in the same plane, but the glass sheets 3 and the border frame 6 have different sealing levels D 1, D 2.
- a compensation profile 17 is to be provided between the glass panes 3 and the mullion 1 or transom profile 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rahmenkonstruktion in Pfosten-Riegel-Bauweise, insbesondere für Fassaden, Dächer od. dgl., nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a frame construction in a mullion-transom construction, in particular for facades, roofs or the like, according to the preamble of
Rahmenkonstruktionen in Pfosten-Riegel-Bauweise, bei denen die Glasscheiben mittels die Scheibenränder auf der Außenseite abdeckender Deckprofile befestigt sind, sind allgemein üblich (vgl. beispielsweise DE-PS 3.401.085).Frame constructions in a mullion-transom construction, in which the glass panes are fastened by means of cover profiles covering the pane edges, are common (cf., for example, DE-PS 3,401,085).
Daneben sind Rahmenkonstruktionen ohne von außen sichtbare Scheiben-Halteprofile bekannt. Diese sogenannten "Ganzglasfassaden" sind in der englischen Literatur unter dem Stichwort "structural bzw. silicone glazing" bekannt. Dabei werden die Glasscheiben mittels mit den Glasscheiben verklebter Rahmen befestigt (vgl. beispielsweise DE-OS 3.541.730).In addition, frame structures without externally visible window holding profiles are known. These so-called "all-glass facades" are known in the English literature under the keyword "structural or silicone glazing". The glass panes are fastened by means of frames glued to the glass panes (cf. for example DE-OS 3.541.730).
Sollen aus gestalterischen Gründen (um etwa der an sich strukturlosen Ganzglasfassade eine Struktur zu verleihen) oder aus funktionellen Gründen (weil beispielsweise bei der Ganzglasfassade die Anzahl der Öffnungstypen beschränkt ist) beide Verglasungsarten miteinander kombiniert werden, so stellt sich die Aufgabe, an den Übergängen der beiden Verglasungsarten die Montage der Glasscheiben, Paneele od. dgl. möglichst einfach zu gestalten.If both types of glazing are to be combined with one another for design reasons (e.g. to give the structurally unstructured all-glass facade a structure) or for functional reasons (because, for example, the number of opening types is limited in the all-glass facade), then the task arises at the transitions of the Both types of glazing make the assembly of the glass panes, panels or the like as simple as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of
Damit ist es lediglich erforderlich, an den Übergängen der beiden Verglasungsarten einseitig ausgebildete, die Scheibenränder der Glasscheiben od. dgl. auf der Außenseite abdeckendende Deckprofile zu verwenden, wobei die Montage der Glasscheiben dadurch wesentlich erleichert ist, daß die Deckprofile und die Rahmen über im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Glasscheibenebene sich erstreckende Befestigungsmittel an den Pfosten- und Riegelprofilen angeschlossen sind.It is therefore only necessary to use cover profiles formed on one side at the transitions of the two types of glazing and covering the pane edges of the glass panes or the like on the outside, the assembly of the glass panes being made considerably easier in that the cover profiles and the frame have essentially Fasteners extending perpendicular to the plane of the glass pane are connected to the mullion and transom profiles.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen die mittels Deckprofilen befestigten Glasscheiben od. dgl. und die Rahmen auf der Innenseite der Rahmenkonstruktion dieselbe Dichtungsebene auf. An den Übergängen der Verglasungsarten liegen die Glasscheiben dann in unterschiedlichen Ebenen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the glass panes or the like fastened by means of cover profiles and the frames on the inside of the frame construction have the same sealing level. At the transitions of the types of glazing, the glass panes are then on different levels.
Sollen an den Übergängen der Verglasungsarten die Glasscheiben in annähernd derselben Ebene verlaufen, so weisen die mittels Deckprofilen befestigten Glasscheiben od. dgl. und die Rahmen auf der Innenseite der Rahmenkonstruktion unterschiedliche Dichtungsebenen auf, wobei zwischen den mittels Deckprofilen befestigten Glasscheiben od. dgl. und den Pfosten- und Riegelprofilen jeweils Ausgleichsprofile angeordnet sind.If the glass panes are to run at approximately the same level at the transitions of the types of glazing, the glass panes or the like fastened by means of cover profiles and the frames on the inside of the frame construction have different sealing levels, with or between the glass panes or the like fastened by means of cover profiles Post and transom profiles are each arranged compensation profiles.
Hinsichtlich der Ausbildung der mit den Glasscheiben verklebten Rahmen empfiehlt es sich, daß diese einen die Glasscheiben einfassenden Schenkel aufweisen und somit als Einfaßrahmen ausgebildet sind.With regard to the design of the frames glued to the glass panes, it is recommended that they have a leg that surrounds the glass panes and are therefore designed as a frame.
In diesem Fall empfiehlt es sich insbesondere aus optischen Gründen, daß an den Übergängen der Verglasungsarten die Außenkanten der Deckprofile und die Außenkanten der Einfaßrahmen miteinander fluchten.In this case, it is particularly advisable for optical reasons that the outer edges of the cover profiles and the outer edges of the bordering frames are flush with one another at the transitions of the types of glazing.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1 schematisch die Anordnung einer aus Pfosten und Riegeln aufgebauten Rahmenkonstruktion,
- Fig. 2 einen Horizontalschnitt nach Linie II - II der Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3 einen Vertikalschnitt nach Linie III - III der Fig. 1 und
- Fig. 4 einen Horizontalschnitt durch ein Pfostenprofil mit Wechsel der Verglasungsarten nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- 1 schematically shows the arrangement of a frame construction constructed from posts and transoms,
- 2 shows a horizontal section along line II-II of FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3 is a vertical section along line III - III of Fig. 1 and
- Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through a post profile with changing the types of glazing according to another embodiment of the invention.
Bei der Fassade nach Fig. 1 bilden (vertikale) Pfostenprofile 1 und (horizontale) Riegelprofile 2 eine Rahmenkonstruktion, deren Rahmenfelder A, B durch Isolierglasscheiben 3, 4 od. dgl. ausgefüllt sind.1 (vertical)
Dabei sind Rahmenfelder A markiert, in denen die Glasscheiben 3 mittels die Scheibenränder auf der Außenseite abdeckender Deckprofile 5, 5a an den Pfosten 1- und Riegelprofilen 2 befestigt sind. Daneben sind Rahmenfelder B markiert, in denen die Glasscheiben 4 im Sinne einer Verglasung ohne von außen sichtbare Scheiben-Halteprofile ("structural bzw. silicone glazing") verglast sind, indem die Glasscheiben 4 erst in einen Einfaßrahmen 6 eingeklebt und dann an den Pfosten 1- und Riegelprofilen 2 befestigt werden. Die Rahmenfelder A können dabei etwa einen belüfteten Raum, die Rahmenfelder B etwa einen vollklimatisierten Raum überdecken.Frame fields A are marked, in which the
Gemäß den Schnitten nach Fig. 2/3 sind die (vertikalen) Pfostenprofile 1 und die (horizontalen) Riegelprofile 2 als Hohlkammerprofile ausgebildet. Die Pfostenprofile 1 weisen Verankerungsnuten 7 für Innendichtungen 8 sowie einen Mittelsteg 9 mit Schraubkanal 9′ auf. Die Riegelprofile 2 sind analog aufgebaut: Es werden hier dieselben Bezeichnungen verwendet.According to the cuts according to Fig. 2/3, the (vertical)
In den Rahmenfeldern A sind die Isolierglasscheiben 3 mittels die Scheibenränder auf der Außenseite abdeckender Deckprofile 5, 5a frontal mit den Mittelstegen 9 unter Zwischenschaltung von Außendichtungen 10 verschraubt. Dabei decken die Deckprofile 5 jeweils zwei benachbarte Glasscheiben 3 ab; an den Übergängen der beiden Verglasungsarten (vgl. Fig. 2/Mitte und Fig. 3) sind einseitig ausgebildete, die Scheibenränder auf der Außenseite abdeckende Deckprofile 5a vorgesehen, die für die Verschraubung einen im wesentlichen parallel zur Scheibenebene verlaufenden Befestigungssteg 11 aufweisen.In the frame fields A, the
Anstelle der gezeigten Darstellung kann das Deckprofil 5a auch als Hohlkammerprofil ausgebildet sein (gestrichelt angedeutet). Die Deckprofile 5 können zusätzlich Abdeckleisten 12 aufweisen.Instead of the illustration shown, the
In den Rahmenfeldern B sind die Glasscheiben 4 in Einfaßrahmen 6 geklebt (vgl. den Kleber 13), die ihrerseits mittels eines Quersteges 14 frontal an die Mittelstege 9 geschraubt sind. Der Quersteg 14 verläuft im wesentlichen parallel zur Scheibenebene um. Die Einfaßrahmen 6 weisen einen umlaufenden Schenkel 6′ auf, der die Glasscheiben 4 od. dgl. vollständig umgibt. Die Verklebung der Glasscheiben 4 mit den Einfaßrahmen 6 wird vorzugsweise bereits in der Werkstatt durchgeführt. Zur Wärmedämmung ist jeweils ein mit 15 bezifferter, durchgehender Isoliersteg angedeutet.In the frame fields B, the
Nach Fig. 2/3 weisen die Glasscheiben 3 und die Einfaßrahmen 6 auf der Innenseite der Rahmenkonstruktion dieselbe Dichtungsebene D auf. Die Glasscheiben 3 und 4 liegen damit in unterschiedlichen Ebenen.According to Fig. 2/3, the
An den Übergangsstellen der beiden Verglasungsarten ist jedoch das Deckprofil 5a - insbesondere aus optischen Gründen - derart ausgebildet, daß dessen Außenkante 5a′ mit der Außenkante 6˝ des Schenkels 6′ fluchtet.At the transition points of the two types of glazing, however, the
Der Raum zwischen Deckprofil 5a und Einfaßrahmen 6 wird durch Dichtungen 16 abgedichtet.The space between
Die Fig. 4 zeigt einen Horizontalschnitt bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der die Deckprofile 5, 5a und die Einfaßrahmen 6 ebenfalls frontal befestigt werden. Bei dieser Ausführungsform verlaufen die Glasscheiben 3, 4 annähernd in derselben Ebene, die Glasscheiben 3 und die Einfaßrahmen 6 weisen aber unterschiedliche Dichtungsebenen D₁, D₂ auf. In diesem Fall ist zwischen den Glasscheiben 3 und den Pfosten 1- bzw. Riegelprofilen 2 jeweils ein Ausgleichsprofil 17 vorzusehen.Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section in another embodiment of the invention, in which the
Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, schließen auch bei diesen gezeigten Übergangsstellen die Außenkanten 5a′ der Deckprofile 5a mit den Außenkanten 6˝ der Schenkel 6′ ab.As can be seen from Fig. 4, the
Claims (5)
- Frame construction in the form of upright and horizontal members, particularly for façades, roofs or the like, consisting of upright profiles (1), horizontal profiles (2) extending at right angles thereto with inserted panes of glass (3, 4), panels or the like, wherein panes of glass (3) or the like are fixed in frame zones (A) by means of cover profiles (5) which cover the edges of the panes on the outside on the upright profiles (1) and horizontal profiles (2), characterised in that the frame construction has adjacent frame zones (B) with glass panes (4) or the like which are fixed by means of frames (6) adhered to the glass panes (4) or the like, cover profiles (5a) of one-sided construction which cover the edges of the glass panes (3) or the like on the outside and which have a fixing flange (11) running substantially parallel to the plane of the pane are provided at the junctions of the types of glazing in the direction of the frame zones (A), and at the junctions of the types of glazing in the direction of the frame zones (B) the glass panes (4) or the like are fixed in a substantially unchanged manner by means of frames (6) which are adhered to the glass panes (4) or the like, the frame (6) having a crosspiece (14) which runs round substantially parallel to the plane of the pane, and the fixing flange (11) and the crosspiece (14) are screwed together with a central fillet (9) of the upright profiles (1) and horizontal profiles (2) in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the glass pane.
- Frame construction as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the panes of glass (3) or the like, which are fixed by means of cover profiles (5, 5a) and the frames (6) have the same sealing plane (D) on the inside of the frame construction.
- Frame construction as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the panes of glass (3) or the like, which are fixed by means of cover profiles (5, 5a), and the frames (6) have differing sealing planes (D₁, D₂) on the inside of the frame construction, equalising profiles (17) being arranged in each case between the panels of glass (3) or the like, which are fixed by means of cover profiles (5, 5a), and the upright (1) and horizontal profiles (2).
- Frame construction as claimed in claims 2 or 3, characterised in that the frames (6) are constructed with a side bar (6′) which encloses the edges of the panes of glass (4) or the like as a border frame.
- Frame construction as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the outer edges (5a′) of the cover profiles (5a) and the outer edges (6˝) of the border frame (6) are aligned with one another.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89114871T ATE84586T1 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1989-08-11 | FRAME CONSTRUCTION IN POST-TRANSOM CONSTRUCTION, PARTICULARLY FOR FAÇADES, ROOFING OR. DGL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3830397 | 1988-09-07 | ||
DE3830397A DE3830397A1 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1988-09-07 | FRAME CONSTRUCTION IN POST-BAR STRUCTURE, ESPECIALLY FOR FACADES, ROOFS OD. DGL. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0357994A2 EP0357994A2 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
EP0357994A3 EP0357994A3 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
EP0357994B1 true EP0357994B1 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
Family
ID=6362456
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89114871A Revoked EP0357994B1 (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1989-08-11 | Frame construction in mullion-transom-art, in particular for façades, roofs or the like |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0357994B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE84586T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3830397A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT91641A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29516734U1 (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1995-12-14 | Syntax Rackwitz Systemtechnik GmbH, 04519 Rackwitz | Clamping frame |
FR2777925B1 (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 2003-09-05 | Andre Signol | STANDARD CURTAIN FACADE SYSTEM |
DE102019106652B4 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-11-11 | Linzmeier Bauelemente Gmbh | Integrated panel device |
FR3111937B1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-08-19 | Arcora | WINDOW DEVICE |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3401085C2 (en) * | 1984-01-13 | 1986-01-09 | Wieland-Werke Ag, 7900 Ulm | Seal for a frame structure in post-and-beam construction, in particular for facades or the like. |
JPS611512U (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-01-08 | ワイケイケイ株式会社 | Watertight device between units |
IT1180493B (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1987-09-23 | C C Di Costa E C S R L | COATING FOR EXTERIOR SURFACES OF BUILDINGS |
DE3540385A1 (en) * | 1985-11-14 | 1987-05-21 | Eltreva Ag | FACADE CONSTRUCTION FROM METAL PROFILES |
-
1988
- 1988-09-07 DE DE3830397A patent/DE3830397A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-08-11 AT AT89114871T patent/ATE84586T1/en active
- 1989-08-11 EP EP89114871A patent/EP0357994B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1989-08-11 DE DE8989114871T patent/DE58903274D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-06 PT PT91641A patent/PT91641A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE84586T1 (en) | 1993-01-15 |
DE3830397A1 (en) | 1990-03-22 |
PT91641A (en) | 1990-03-30 |
EP0357994A3 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
DE58903274D1 (en) | 1993-02-25 |
EP0357994A2 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
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