EP0356764A1 - Méthode et disposition de régulation de brûleurs commandés par impulsions dans une installation technique productrice de chaleur - Google Patents

Méthode et disposition de régulation de brûleurs commandés par impulsions dans une installation technique productrice de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0356764A1
EP0356764A1 EP89114596A EP89114596A EP0356764A1 EP 0356764 A1 EP0356764 A1 EP 0356764A1 EP 89114596 A EP89114596 A EP 89114596A EP 89114596 A EP89114596 A EP 89114596A EP 0356764 A1 EP0356764 A1 EP 0356764A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulse
burner
minimum
cycle time
pulse width
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89114596A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Dr.-Ing. Nolte
Detlef Dipl.-Ing. Maiwald
Michael Dipl.-Ing. Bock
Thomas Spahr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LVE Verfahrenselektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
LVE Verfahrenselektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LVE Verfahrenselektronik GmbH filed Critical LVE Verfahrenselektronik GmbH
Publication of EP0356764A1 publication Critical patent/EP0356764A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/04—Memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/16—Measuring temperature burner temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/10—Sequential burner running
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling pulse-controllable burners in a thermal system, the manipulated variable being called actuating power in the following, is set within a cycle time with the pulse duty factor and pulse interval (pause).
  • the duty cycle of pulse width and pulse spacing has previously been varied by shifting the falling pulse edge with a constant cycle time. Both the pulse width and the respective pulse spacing change.
  • This regulation has the disadvantage that the pulse-controllable burners belonging to the thermal system can be operated with optimal or at least sufficient combustion properties only in the medium power range. Pulse-operated burners only work with low NO x and otherwise with less expensive combustion if they are switched on within the cycle time via a burner-specific first minimum time and are switched off via a burner-specific second minimum time.
  • the usable (medium) performance range could be extended by extending the constant cycle time; such an increase in the constant cycle time would increase the inertia of the control system accordingly. This is where the invention intervenes.
  • the invention has for its object to expand the usable performance range of a thermal system with favorable operating properties of the burner and short cycle times (low system inertia).
  • the invention provides for solving this problem that a minimum cycle time is preset from a predetermined pulse width and a minimum pulse interval, that the minimum cycle time is assigned an actuating power reference variable and that the actuating power is based on the actuating power reference, is regulated by changing the cycle time by varying the pulse spacing or pulse width.
  • the pulse spacing or the pulse width is changed for each output variation.
  • the variable that is kept constant with each change (either pulse width or pulse distance) is kept at the preset minimum value.
  • the cycle time With every change in the power output, the cycle time must therefore change accordingly compared to the preset minimum cycle time.
  • the cycle time variation together with the variation of the duty cycle has the advantage that the performance range can be fully exploited without impairing the combustion properties of the pulse-controllable burner and the cycle time that is minimal for the set actuating power can always be achieved.
  • the pulse pause is minimal at high powers and the pulse width is minimal at low powers. There is no shortfall in the minimum switch-on and switch-off times of the individual burners, even if the control deviation changes suddenly.
  • a particularly low-inertia system control results in a further development of the invention in that the minimum cycle time is preset to the sum of a minimum pulse width adapted to the burners and a minimum pulse interval.
  • This presetting characterizes approximately the middle of the usable control range at the highest pulse repetition frequency. With a higher power requirement, the pulse interval is kept to a minimum and only the pulse width is increased, and with a reduced power requirement compared to the reference variable, the minimum pulse width is maintained and only the pulse interval is increased.
  • An alternative development of the method according to the invention is characterized in that a maximum pulse width is preset as the predetermined pulse width and the maximum actuating power is used as a reference variable for the actuating power, and that the actuating power is regulated by changing the pulse spacing while the maximum pulse width remains the same.
  • the method can be adapted to different thermal systems in a particularly simple manner in that the pulse width and pulse spacing specifications are selected in an actuator-specific and / or system-specific manner and are stored as parameters in a memory.
  • a microprocessor develops the pulse widths and the pulse intervals according to the previously saved parameters and thus regulates the actuating power.
  • all burner actuators or fittings belonging to a thermal engineering system are regulated synchronized by a microprocessor according to pulse position and duty cycle.
  • the thermal system can be used for heating or for regulating alternating heating and cooling cycles.
  • the valves of all burners or other fittings of the thermal system can be controlled out of phase but synchronized with separate control.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for controlling pulse-controllable burners in a thermal engineering system like known arrangements of the same type, has a measuring device, a control device and a burner actuating device, which are integrated in a preferably closed controlled system of the thermal engineering system.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is suitable and intended for carrying out the control method described above.
  • a central control device between at least one Output of the control device and the control input of the burner control device is integrated in that the central control device has a read-only memory for storing an operating program, a programmable memory for inputting operating parameters and a processor coupled to both memories, which has pulse sequences with variable pulse intervals or to the burner control device Creates pulse widths and correspondingly variable cycle times, the pulse intervals or widths being variable together with the cycle time according to the operating program depending on the control deviation coming from the control device and the parameter input, and that at least one input device for parameter input and one display device are connected to the central control device .
  • the central control device is preferably mounted on a slide-in unit and coupled to the control device or the burner control device via input and output interfaces.
  • the insert has a front panel to which the display, input and operating components are attached. The parameters are entered via the input and operating components, i.e. in particular the setting of the minimum pulse widths and intervals, relative phase positions of separately controlled fittings, selection of one of a plurality of setpoint transmitters and / or a channel selection for controlling a number of thermally controlled systems controlled by a common central control unit.
  • the described central control device can be assigned to practically any thermal system. All that is required is a corresponding re-storage or storage of the programmable memory. In this respect, one and the same insert can be used in different systems and for any job.
  • an oven from a heating zone temperature of 1400 ° C without impairing the combustion and the burner properties also to temperatures of, for example, 140 ° C in order to serve as a heating furnace at these low temperatures.
  • the control arrangement shown in FIG. 1 as a block diagram in association with a thermal system 1 has a temperature measuring device 3, a controller 5, which has an actual temperature value T IST derived from the measuring device with a preset temperature setpoint T SOLL , and generates an output signal dT characteristic of the control deviation, and a burner control device 7.
  • the latter clocks the eight pulse-controlled burners 10 belonging to the furnace 1 in the illustrated embodiment, depending on the control deviation dT, in such a way that the actual temperature measured in the furnace zone is kept at the preset target temperature.
  • the control arrangement shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to conventional practice.
  • a central control device 9 is integrated between the output of the controller 5 and the control input (line 20) of the actuating device 7 for the burner 10.
  • the latter (9) has a microprocessor 11 with an integrated EEPROM, hereinafter referred to as a parameter memory 12, a read-only memory 13 serving as a program memory, an input interface 14 connected to the controller 5 and the microprocessor 11, one with the microprocessor 11 and the Setting device 7 connected, suitable output drivers containing output interface 15, an input interface 16 for a remote control, a display device 17 and a suitable input and operating device 18 for parameter input.
  • the display and operating components are connected to the main memory and the CPU, which is also integrated in the microprocessor, and installed on an operating panel 19.
  • the control method can best be explained using the pulse diagrams according to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows an operating mode in which the pulse-controllable burner 10 from the central control device 9 via the burner actuating device 7 within a wide actuating range with different actuating outputs (manipulated variables) while changing the Cycle time tZ can be controlled.
  • FIGS. 2A to D each show a pulse sequence with burner switch-on and switch-off times tE and tA as well as the cycle time tZ with different actuations.
  • the positive pulses shown in the pulse diagrams are applied by the central control device 9 via the output interface 15 and the line 20 to the actuating device 7, which are converted by the actuating device 7 into suitable actuating signals for the burner valve actuation.
  • the pulses or pulse intervals tE or tA of the electrical signals shown schematically in the pulse diagrams therefore correspond to the switch-on and switch-off times.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates the lower limit value of the actuating power of 1% that can be used with the exemplary embodiment described.
  • the pulse width is set to the minimum switch-on time tE min , which is a characteristic variable and preset value for the pulse-controllable burner 10 to be controlled.
  • the switch-off time tA corresponding to the distance between two successive pulses is maximum with a minimum of power.
  • the cycle time tZ in FIG. 2A (minimum actuating power) is equal to the sum of tE min and tA max .
  • FIG. 2B shows a pulse sequence in which the actuating power or manipulated variable is increased compared to FIG. 2A.
  • the switch-off time tA between two successive pulses is reduced, while the switch-on time remains unchanged at the minimum switch-on time tE min in accordance with the pulse width. Accordingly, the cycle time tZ is shortened, namely by shortening the switch-off time.
  • FIG. 2C shows the pulse sequence in which the cycle time tZ is minimal.
  • the minimum cycle time tZ min corresponding to an actuating power of XX%
  • both the switch-on and the switch-off time is minimized according to the burner manufacturer's instructions.
  • the operating state shown in FIG. 2C is preset in the working memory 12 and serves as a reference variable. If the actuating power is further increased compared to the reference variable XX%, the switch-off time tA is no longer changed, but only the pulse width corresponding to the switch-on time tE, namely increased.
  • the switch-off time remains constant at tA min , and when the actuating power is increased compared to the reference variable according to FIG.
  • the cycle time tZ changes exactly in accordance with the change in the switch-on time tE (FIG. 2D).
  • the pulse spacing or pulse width variation shown in FIG. 2 it is therefore possible to vary the actuating power without falling short of the burner-specific switch-on and switch-off times within previously unreachable limits and to keep the cycle times to a minimum.
  • the control also operates with a correspondingly low delay.
  • FIG. 3 shows an operating mode in which the thermal system is switched to heating and cooling and the air and gas valves are controlled separately but synchronized.
  • the positions shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D essentially correspond to those according to FIGS. 2A to 2D.
  • the actuating power is initially increased from the lower limit (FIG. 3A) by shortening the switch-off tA, and after exceeding the actuating power set here at 50% (reference value), the switch-off time is recorded at tA min and the switch-on time is increased by varying the pulse width.
  • the separate activation of the air and gas valves Different from the operating mode illustrated in FIG. 2A is the separate activation of the air and gas valves.
  • the air valve is opened before each burner ignition at time t1.
  • the burner is ignited at the same time.
  • the gas valve is opened later by a constant delay time t V.
  • the gas supply is also un before the air supply is interrupted broken.
  • the actuating power is increased up to an average actuating power of 50% by reducing the pause time between both the successive air pulses 22 and between the successive gas pulses 23; the widths of the pulses 22 and 23 remain at their minimum values when the actuating power is increased.
  • the burner-specific minimum switch-off time and the highest repetition frequency have been reached. (Repetition frequency and cycle time tZ are identical for the synchronized air and gas controls). With an increasing need for power beyond 50%, the switch-off time is kept to a minimum and only the switch-on tent is enlarged.
  • the central control device 9 can also have different clock frequencies for different ones supply ne burner groups or other control fittings.
  • all pulses, whether in phase or out of phase, are synchronized with one another. In principle, this is also shown in the illustration in FIG. 3.
  • the central control device is mounted with all display, operating and control components on an insert 30 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the insert has a main carrier plate 32, on which the power pack 31 and the essential functional components shown as blocks in FIG. 1 are mounted.
  • the various interfaces or interfaces 14 to 16 are designed in a known manner as single boards which are inserted into suitable slots in the carrier plate 32.
  • the microprocessor 11, 12, the program memory 13 and the power supply 31 are mounted directly on the carrier plate 32.
  • the interfaces and driver circuits for the control, input or display components which can be operated or are visible from the control panel 19 are attached to the rear of the control panel 19 (board 40).
  • the display includes a four-digit display 33, which shows the current manipulated variable during operation of the central control unit, the parameter value in its valid unit when parameters are entered, and can be used for control work for service work.
  • a setpoint generator display 34 is arranged under the display 33 and indicates the current setpoint origin with the aid of light-emitting diodes.
  • C means that the controller 5 is formed by a computer and the temperature setpoint is entered via the serial interface 16; mA designates controller 5 as a continuous controller; the next setpoint generator is a three-point step controller, and the box labeled M means manual setpoint entry.
  • a display column 35 with a total of eight LED-equipped display fields serves as an output control display and designates those output drivers that are currently controlled by the central control unit 9.
  • a hand rocker 36 enables manual command value specification and a change in the parameter values, for example the minimum pulse widths and pulse intervals. Depending on the direction of actuation of the hand rocker 36, the respectively selected quantities or parameters are incremented or decremented.
  • the respective manipulated variable source can be selected with the aid of a preselection switch 37, or parameters can be selected.
  • the pressure switches can also be used to select the operating mode.
  • the central control device 9 mounted on the insert 30 can be adapted to all pulse-controlled burners or burner groups. This adjustment can be carried out by the user himself in a few simple steps by correspondingly actuating the parameter input switches 36 and 37. To avoid unauthorized parameter inputs, the device can be equipped with a hidden code which locks the parameter memory 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
EP89114596A 1988-09-01 1989-08-08 Méthode et disposition de régulation de brûleurs commandés par impulsions dans une installation technique productrice de chaleur Withdrawn EP0356764A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3829677A DE3829677C2 (de) 1988-09-01 1988-09-01 Verfahren und Anordnung zur Regelung von pulssteuerbaren Brennern in einer wärmetechnischen Anlage
DE3829677 1988-09-01

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EP0356764A1 true EP0356764A1 (fr) 1990-03-07

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EP89114596A Withdrawn EP0356764A1 (fr) 1988-09-01 1989-08-08 Méthode et disposition de régulation de brûleurs commandés par impulsions dans une installation technique productrice de chaleur

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EP (1) EP0356764A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3829677C2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0387703A2 (fr) * 1989-03-13 1990-09-19 Holzer, Walter, Senator h.c. Dr.h.c.Ing. Contrôle de brûleur pour installations de chauffage
DE19526793A1 (de) * 1994-07-16 1996-01-18 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum Steuern einer Heizungsanlage
EP0757207A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-05 ZELTRON S.p.A. Dispositif de commande pour des brûleurs catalytique à gaz
DE19737191A1 (de) * 1997-08-27 1998-07-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Heizungsanlage

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5263849A (en) * 1991-12-20 1993-11-23 Hauck Manufacturing Company High velocity burner, system and method
US5244146A (en) * 1992-05-08 1993-09-14 Homebrain, Inc. Energy-conserving thermostat and method
US5340028A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-08-23 Carrier Corporation Adaptive microprocessor control system and method for providing high and low heating modes in a furnace
US5337952A (en) * 1993-07-28 1994-08-16 Carrier Corporation Adaptive microprocessor control system and method for providing multiple heating modes in twinned furnaces
FR2711769B1 (fr) * 1993-10-29 1995-12-08 Air Liquide Procédé de combustion dans un four industriel.
US5549469A (en) * 1994-02-28 1996-08-27 Eclipse Combustion, Inc. Multiple burner control system
US6047557A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-04-11 Copeland Corporation Adaptive control for a refrigeration system using pulse width modulated duty cycle scroll compressor
AU7244698A (en) * 1997-03-25 1998-10-20 Intellidyne, Llc Apparatus for regulating heater cycles to improve forced-air heating system efficiency
US6206652B1 (en) 1998-08-25 2001-03-27 Copeland Corporation Compressor capacity modulation
DE19744393A1 (de) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-29 Sparsames Heizen Mbh Ges Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kesselanlage mit verzögertem Brennereinschaltverhalten, Vorrichtung zum Verzögern des Brennerstarts und Kesselanlage mit einer Vorrichtung zum Verzögern des Brennerstarts
DE10019118A1 (de) * 2000-04-18 2001-10-25 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Verfahren zur pulsweitenmodulierten Ansteuerung einer Endstufe
US20060199121A1 (en) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-07 York International Corporation Limited modulation furnace and method for controlling the same
US8157538B2 (en) 2007-07-23 2012-04-17 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity modulation system for compressor and method
US9791212B2 (en) * 2008-01-18 2017-10-17 Ernesto Aldolfo Hartschuh Schaub Burning system
ES2623055T3 (es) 2009-01-27 2017-07-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Sistema y método de descarga para un compresor
US11543153B1 (en) 2010-03-19 2023-01-03 A. O. Smith Corporation Gas-fired appliance and control algorithm for same

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FR1497608A (fr) * 1966-08-31 1967-10-13 Procédé de réglage de débit d'un fluide et un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
FR2353019A1 (fr) * 1976-05-25 1977-12-23 Erap Procede d'alimentation en combustible de bruleurs a pulverisation et circuit d'alimentation en faisant application
NL8005540A (nl) * 1980-10-07 1982-05-03 Conma Nv Werkwijze voor het regelen van het debiet van een fluidumstroom.
US4460123A (en) * 1983-10-17 1984-07-17 Roberts-Gordon Appliance Corp. Apparatus and method for controlling the temperature of a space
WO1985003761A1 (fr) * 1984-02-22 1985-08-29 Vulcan Australia Limited Rechauffeurs a gaz et leur regulation
US4552304A (en) * 1984-03-22 1985-11-12 Papazian Arthur S Electronic gas valve pulsator
US4583936A (en) * 1983-06-24 1986-04-22 Gas Research Institute Frequency modulated burner system

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US3219095A (en) * 1961-06-22 1965-11-23 Hoganasmetoder Ab Pulsed oil feeding system for industrial furnaces
DE2707591C2 (de) * 1977-02-18 1979-05-23 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh & Co, 5630 Remscheid Schaltung zur Steuerung des Puls-Pausen-Verhältnisses des Arbeitszustandes einer Wärmequelle
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FR1497608A (fr) * 1966-08-31 1967-10-13 Procédé de réglage de débit d'un fluide et un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
FR2353019A1 (fr) * 1976-05-25 1977-12-23 Erap Procede d'alimentation en combustible de bruleurs a pulverisation et circuit d'alimentation en faisant application
NL8005540A (nl) * 1980-10-07 1982-05-03 Conma Nv Werkwijze voor het regelen van het debiet van een fluidumstroom.
US4583936A (en) * 1983-06-24 1986-04-22 Gas Research Institute Frequency modulated burner system
US4460123A (en) * 1983-10-17 1984-07-17 Roberts-Gordon Appliance Corp. Apparatus and method for controlling the temperature of a space
WO1985003761A1 (fr) * 1984-02-22 1985-08-29 Vulcan Australia Limited Rechauffeurs a gaz et leur regulation
US4552304A (en) * 1984-03-22 1985-11-12 Papazian Arthur S Electronic gas valve pulsator

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 8, No. 37 (M-277)(1474) 17 Februar 1984; & JP,A,58 193 021 (ISEKI NOKI K.K.) 10 November 1983, siehe das ganze Dokument. *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0387703A2 (fr) * 1989-03-13 1990-09-19 Holzer, Walter, Senator h.c. Dr.h.c.Ing. Contrôle de brûleur pour installations de chauffage
EP0387703B1 (fr) * 1989-03-13 1995-08-02 Holzer, Walter, Senator h.c. Dr.h.c.Ing. Contrôle de brûleur pour installations de chauffage
DE19526793A1 (de) * 1994-07-16 1996-01-18 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum Steuern einer Heizungsanlage
EP0757207A1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-05 ZELTRON S.p.A. Dispositif de commande pour des brûleurs catalytique à gaz
DE19737191A1 (de) * 1997-08-27 1998-07-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Heizungsanlage

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Publication number Publication date
DE3829677A1 (de) 1990-03-08
DE3829677C2 (de) 1997-12-11
US4938684A (en) 1990-07-03

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