EP0351495B1 - Procédé pour couler des métaux, en particulier de l'acier hors d'une poche de coulée - Google Patents

Procédé pour couler des métaux, en particulier de l'acier hors d'une poche de coulée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0351495B1
EP0351495B1 EP89106194A EP89106194A EP0351495B1 EP 0351495 B1 EP0351495 B1 EP 0351495B1 EP 89106194 A EP89106194 A EP 89106194A EP 89106194 A EP89106194 A EP 89106194A EP 0351495 B1 EP0351495 B1 EP 0351495B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
signal
control
casting ladle
actual value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89106194A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0351495A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedhelm Paulus
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Zimmermann and Jansen GmbH
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Zimmermann and Jansen GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to AT89106194T priority Critical patent/ATE94441T1/de
Publication of EP0351495A1 publication Critical patent/EP0351495A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for casting a metallic melt, in particular steel melt, from a ladle into an intermediate vessel by means of a throttling slide or stopper closure, by means of which the ferrostatic height of the melt is regulated in adaptation to a set withdrawal speed of the cast strand (DE-A -2000963).
  • a slide or stopper closure When casting, for example, a molten steel from a ladle into an intermediate vessel, in particular a distribution channel, it is known to use a slide or stopper closure as a control element for the amount of melt flowing out per unit of time.
  • the closure normally works in a variable throttling position, i.e. in a position throttled over half of the possible full flow cross-section, in order to be able to follow the opening and closing instructions or signals which, with automatic regulation of the flow rate from the ladle, taking into account one take-off speed of the strand, which is as constant as possible, is based on an electronic data evaluation device.
  • a constant strand withdrawal speed is primarily ensured by maintaining a substantially constant ferrostatic height in the tundish.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which the disadvantages of the conventional systems are avoided, i. H. with which the ferrostatic height in the tundish can be kept largely constant with little effort, with the result of a correspondingly constant strand withdrawal speed.
  • Mechanical, hydraulic and / or pneumatic tolerances in the system should have no influence on keeping the ferrostatic height constant.
  • the system In combination with the measures of claim 3, the system also approaches the optimal opening position of the ladle closure. In both cases, the tendency of the level change or change in the ferrostatic level in the tundish is determined and taken into account when determining the control signal for the ladle closure.
  • the essence of the method according to the invention thus lies in the trend detection described, which can be weight-related, ie based on the weight of the melt in the intermediate vessel, or level-related, ie based on the bath level in the intermediate vessel. Laboratory tests have shown that the weight tolerance can be reduced to ⁇ 50 kg with the method according to the invention; the tolerance of the ferrostatic height in the tundish is reduced accordingly.
  • the withdrawal speed of the strand can be kept very constant, regardless of the sometimes considerable mechanical tolerances in the ladle closure system and without complex displacement sensors and servo and / or proportional valves, as well as without complex preparation of the hydraulic control fluid when using hydraulically controlled Pouring closures.
  • the inertia of the control system plays no disadvantage due to the tendency detection according to the invention Roll more.
  • the system-inherent tolerances for signal or manipulated variable reversal are added up and thus compensated.
  • a signal clock counter is preferably provided according to claim 5, by means of which it is determined how often the same actuating signal, namely either an open or closed signal, is triggered in succession, the actuating variable after a predetermined number of open or closed signals Is disproportionately reinforced with appropriate compensation of an excessive mechanical play in the slide or stopper closure and its drive. This problem occurs in particular when there are leaks or leaks in the hydraulic system. In this way, these can be determined and compensated for.
  • amplification factors of different sizes are selected for the opposite control signals, whereby the different control volumes on the piston rod side on the one hand and piston rod-free side on the other hand of a hydraulic actuating cylinder for the pouring closure are to be taken into account.
  • an intermediate vessel 1 designed as a distribution channel and support rollers 25 for four strands 4 is shown schematically.
  • the intermediate vessel 1 has four bottom openings 26 on which either a slide closure 3 or a plug closure 6 are assigned.
  • the arrangement can be designed as a so-called "freewheeler".
  • the bottom openings 26 of the intermediate vessel 1 are none Slider or stopper closures assigned.
  • the ferrostatic height within the intermediate vessel 1 is primarily determined by the degree of opening of the bottom opening of the ladle 24, to which a slide closure 27 is assigned in the embodiment shown.
  • the molten steel is introduced from the ladle into the tundish 1 in the usual way via an immersion tube 5.
  • the slide closure 27 can also be directly coupled to a piston-cylinder arrangement, as shown in the attached drawing in connection with the slide closure 27 assigned to the ladle 24 as "Alternative I".
  • Mechanical tolerances of up to 5 - 10 mm also occur in this construction.
  • Plug closures are also characterized by large mechanical tolerances, which are also of the order of up to 30 mm. This is the reason why working in the intermediate vessel with weight tolerances of up to ⁇ 300 kg; accordingly, the tolerances of the ferrostatic height are, and accordingly, it is difficult to maintain a constant peeling speed. This is especially true when the continuous casting system is operated as a so-called "free runner".
  • the intermediate vessel 1 in the present case has four weighing cells 2, namely two weighing cells 2 on each end face , assigned, the signals of which are coupled to one another in a load cell measuring circuit 7 and processed into a weight signal corresponding to the weight of the melt in the intermediate vessel 1.
  • This is amplified in a measuring amplifier 8, the output signal of which corresponds to the so-called actual weight value "X”.
  • the actual weight value is compared in a comparator 9 with a predetermined weight target value "w", in each case at predetermined successive times.
  • the corresponding cycle time "Tz" is specified by a time adjuster or clock generator 10.
  • a control signal CLOSED is output by the tendency detection. If Tn ⁇ Z1, it is checked whether TN ⁇ Z2. If so, this means that the weight increase in the intermediate vessel 1 takes place too slowly during a time cycle. In this case, the tendency detection emits the control signal OPEN. If TN ⁇ Z2, no control signal is given. Rather, a new determination of the control deviation is triggered (signal 41).
  • the mentioned values Z2 is an upper weight trend limit of the mentioned bandwidth. Z1 and Z2 are entered as constant limit values beforehand, expediently in adaptation to the respective continuous casting installation.
  • control deviation ⁇ it is first determined whether the actual weight value difference Tn ⁇ 0. If so, a control signal CLOSED is output by the tendency detection 11. If no, it is first checked whether TN> Z1. If this is the case, a control signal OPEN is triggered, if no, it is checked whether TN ⁇ Z2. In the event that TN ⁇ Z2, the tendency detection gives the control signal CLOSED; if no, a new determination of the control deviation is triggered (signal 41).
  • the control signals OPEN or CLOSE are proportionally amplified in a controller 12 (gain factor P).
  • the corresponding manipulated variable Y OPEN or Y CLOSE is obtained by multiplying the difference between the actual weight value X and the desired weight value w by the gain factor "P", different amplification factors can be selected for the opposite control signals OPEN and CLOSE, e.g. B. for the reasons mentioned at the beginning.
  • the manipulated variables Y OPEN and A CLOSE are processed in a so-called signal routing 13 in which the error quantity alpha mentioned above is taken into account due to mechanical or similar tolerances. The procedure is such that when entering the manipulated variable Y OPEN or Y CLOSED it is first checked whether the manipulated variable was Y OPEN or Y CLOSED in the preceding cycle; if yes, the manipulated variable in signal routing 13 is not changed.
  • the signal output of the signal-ranking 13 may be associated with still clock counter 15, which will determine how often carried out in succession in each case the same control signal or the same manipulated variable Y ON or Y ZU, wherein after a predetermined number of OPEN or CLOSE signals, the corresponding manipulated variable should be disproportionately reinforced.
  • the difference between the actual weight value and the desired weight value is then multiplied by a higher amplification factor "P". In this way, e.g. B. an excessive mechanical clearance can be overcome. Furthermore, leaks in the hydraulics for the one or more ladle closures can be compensated in this way.
  • the manipulated variable Y OPEN or Y CLOSED correspondingly with regard to their pulse width are then processed in the already mentioned output unit 16 (clock output card).
  • automatic mode either the OPEN signal or the CLOSE signal is sent to them together with the corresponding pulse width signal.
  • the signals AUTOMATIC OPEN or AUTOMATIC CLOSE are first filtered in a Schmitt trigger 17 (filtering out interference pulses). Then the signals passed to AND gates 20 via threshold switches 18 and timing elements 19. The pulse width signal is input to the timers 19 via an amplifier 21.
  • the AND elements release the respective manipulated variable, provided that the AUTOMATIC signal is switched on via the control panel 14.
  • a threshold switch 22 and signal amplifier 23 are arranged in front of the AND gates 20. Before the output signals of the AND gates 20 leave the output unit 16, these are amplified by power amplifiers 29 to a size which is sufficient to switch an electromagnetic 4/3-way valve 30 which is in the hydraulic circuit 31 for the hydraulic drive of the above ladle closure.
  • the pump and hydraulic tank assigned to the mentioned hydraulic circuit 31 are identified by the reference numbers 32 and 33. In this respect, it is a common arrangement.
  • the HAND OPEN and HAND CLOSE signals then reach the 4/3-way valve 30 in the same way as described above.
  • a manually operated 4/3-way valve 37 is also arranged which electrically connects one to the control panel 14 Has switch 38. With this switch 38, the 4/3-way valve 30 assigned to the output unit 16 can be blocked, so that the ladle closure can only be controlled via the manually operated 4/3-way valve 37. This is particularly important for emergency circuits.
  • the weight tolerances in the intermediate vessel 1 can be reduced to ⁇ 50 kg; Accordingly, the ferrostatic height in the intermediate vessel 1 can be kept constant, with the result that a correspondingly constant take-off speed is ensured. This is particularly important if the system works as a so-called "freewheeler".
  • the described method can also be used for slide closures or stopper closures 3 and 5 of an intermediate vessel 1 in relation to the bath level in the associated mold 28.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour couler des métaux, en particulier de l'acier hors d'une poche de coulée (24) dans un récipient intermédiaire (1), une goulotte notamment ou autres, au moyen d'une fermeture par tiroir (27) ou par tampon, par laquelle est réglée la hauteur ferrostatique du métal en fusion dans le récipient intermédiaire (1), par adaptation à une vitesse de soutirage réglée du lingot coulé, caractérisé en ce que la valeur effective (X) de la quantité de métal en fusion dans le récipient intermédiaire (1) est établie et/ou analysée, d'une manière connue en soi, à chaque instant successif (temps de cycle Tz), sous forme de poids du métal en fusion ou de niveau du bain, puis comparée à la valeur de consigne (w), c'est-à-dire au poids de consigne ou au niveau de consigne du bain, en ce que la tendance de l'écart de régulation, vers le haut ou vers le bas, est ensuite établie, d'une manière connue en soi également, du moins lorsque la valeur effective (X) est supérieure ou égale à la valeur de consigne (w), et en ce que des signaux inversés en conséquence (ZU et/ou AUF) sont transmis à la commande de la fermeture par tiroir ou par tampon, en cas d'approche ou de dépassement par le haut d'un seuil tendanciel supérieur (Z₂) ou inférieur (Z₁), la différence (TN) entre la valeur effective établie antérieurement (Xalt) et la valeur effective déterminée ultérieurement (Xneu), ainsi que son signe, étant établis pour la détermination des signaux de réglage, en cas de signe négatif, c'est-à-dire pour TN inférieur à zéro et/ou pour une deuxième valeur effective (Xneu) supérieure, un signal (ZU) est déclenché pour étrangler la fermeture (3; 6) du récipient intermédiaire, et pour TN supérieur ou égal à zéro, la différence de valeur effective établie (TN) est comparée au seuil inférieur (Z₁) et supérieur (Z₂) d'un domaine de dispersion prédéfini des seuils tendanciels (Z₁, Z₂), de sorte que:
    - pour TN supérieur à Z₁, un signal (AUF) est déclenché pour l'ouverture de la fermeture de la poche de coulée, et
    - pour TN inférieur ou égal à Z₁, il est vérifié si TN est inférieur à Z₂,
    - un signal (ZU) étant généré pour étrangler la fermeture de la poche de coulée, pour TN inférieur à Z₂, aucun signal de réglage de la fermeture n'est produit dans le cas contraire, une nouvelle détermination de l'écart de régulation est engagée de préférence.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, même si la condition (X-w) inférieur à zéro est remplie, la différence (TN) entre la valeur effective établie antérieurement (Xalt) et la valeur effective déterminée ultérieurement (Xneu), ainsi que son signe, sont établis, un signal (AUF) étant déclenché pour l'ouverture de la fermeture de la poche de coulée en cas de signe positif, c'est-à-dire pour TN supérieur à zéro et/ou pour une deuxième valeur effective (Xneu) inférieure, et la différence de valeur effective (TN) établie étant comparée au seuil tendanciel inférieur (Z₁) et supérieur (Z₂), pour TN inférieur ou égal à zéro, de sorte que:
    - pour TN supérieur à Z₁, un signal (ZU) est déclenché pour étrangler la fermeture de la poche de coulée, et
    - pour TN inférieur ou égal à Z₁, il est vérifié si TN est inférieur à Z₂,
    - un signal (AUF) étant généré pour l'ouverture de la fermeture de la poche de coulée, pour TN inférieur à Z₂, tandis qu'aucun signal de réglage de la fermeture n'est produit dans le cas contraire, une nouvelle détermination de l'écart de régulation est engagée de préférence.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les signaux de réglage (AUF/ZU) sont convertis en une grandeur réglante (durée d'impulsion Y), avec une amplification, proportionnelle (P) notamment, de chaque différence établie entre la valeur effective (X) et la valeur de consigne (w).
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le choix de facteurs d'amplification différents pour les signaux de réglage opposés, à savoir (AUF) d'une part, (ZU) d'autre part.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence du même signal successif (AUF ou ZU) est établie à l'aide d'un compteur de signaux par impulsions (15), la grandeur réglante correspondante (Y) étant amplifiée d'une manière surproportionnelle après un nombre prédéfini de signaux (AUF) ou (ZU).
  6. Procédé, suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5 notamment, caractérisé en ce qu'une grandeur d'erreur (alpha), qui résulte des tolérances mécaniques, hydrauliques et/ou pneumatiques de la fermeture de la poche de coulée, et de ses organes de commande, est ajoutée à la grandeur réglante (Y) à chaque inversion de signal et/ou de grandeur réglante, la grandeur réglante définitive (durée d'impulsion) étant ainsi obtenue pour la commande de la fermeture de la poche de coulée.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la fermeture de la poche de coulée peut avoir une commande supplémentaire manuelle, avec un découplage simultané de la régulation automatique.
  8. Application du procédé suivant l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, pour la commande de la fermeture de coulée (3) d'un récipient intermédiaire (1).
EP89106194A 1988-05-24 1989-04-07 Procédé pour couler des métaux, en particulier de l'acier hors d'une poche de coulée Expired - Lifetime EP0351495B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89106194T ATE94441T1 (de) 1988-05-24 1989-04-07 Verfahren zum vergiessen einer metallischen schmelze, insbesondere stahlschmelze, aus einer giesspfanne.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3817580A DE3817580A1 (de) 1988-05-24 1988-05-24 Verfahren zum vergiessen einer metallischen schmelze, insbesondere stahlschmelze, aus einer giesspfanne
DE3817580 1988-05-24

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EP0351495A1 EP0351495A1 (fr) 1990-01-24
EP0351495B1 true EP0351495B1 (fr) 1993-09-15

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EP89106194A Expired - Lifetime EP0351495B1 (fr) 1988-05-24 1989-04-07 Procédé pour couler des métaux, en particulier de l'acier hors d'une poche de coulée

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EP (1) EP0351495B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE94441T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3817580A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3917403C2 (de) * 1989-05-29 1998-02-05 Zimmermann & Jansen Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Füllen einer Stranggießkokille mit metallischer Schmelze
EP0626891A1 (fr) * 1992-02-20 1994-12-07 British Steel plc Procede et dispositif pour couler le metal en fusion

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3250089C2 (fr) * 1981-03-30 1993-05-06 Zimmermann & Jansen Gmbh, 5160 Dueren, De
US4597048A (en) * 1983-09-07 1986-06-24 United States Steel Corporation Digital flow regulation of liquid-level control for a continuous casting mold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58905597D1 (de) 1993-10-21
EP0351495A1 (fr) 1990-01-24
ATE94441T1 (de) 1993-10-15
DE3817580A1 (de) 1989-11-30

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