EP0346848B1 - Aérocondenseur de vapeur à vide - Google Patents

Aérocondenseur de vapeur à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0346848B1
EP0346848B1 EP89110718A EP89110718A EP0346848B1 EP 0346848 B1 EP0346848 B1 EP 0346848B1 EP 89110718 A EP89110718 A EP 89110718A EP 89110718 A EP89110718 A EP 89110718A EP 0346848 B1 EP0346848 B1 EP 0346848B1
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Prior art keywords
steam
tubes
gasses
condensate
headers
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EP89110718A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0346848A2 (fr
EP0346848A3 (en
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Michael William Larinoff
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/10—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for extracting, cooling, and removing non-condensable gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium

Definitions

  • This invention relates to air-cooled steam condensing systems, and is concerned with air-cooled vacuum steam condensers serving steam turbine power cycles or the like and, more particularly, apparatus for condensing steam or other vapors and draining the condensate over a wide range of loads, pressures and ambient air temperatures and also completely removing the steam-transported, undesirable, non-condensible gasses that migrate and collect at the end of the steam condensing system.
  • One technique for generating mechanical energy is the use of a turbine, boiler and an array of coupling conduits. Water is first converted to steam in the boiler. The steam is then conveyed to the turbine wherein the steam is expanded in its passage through rotating blades thereby generating shaft power. An array of conduits couple the turbine and the boiler and also define a working fluid return path from the turbine back to the boiler through steam condenser mechanisms in a continuing cycle of operation.
  • Steam condenser mechanisms include air-cooled vacuum steam condensers which may be considered as being comprised of four basic elements or systems: the steam condensing system, the air moving system, the condensate drain system and the non-condensible gas removal system.
  • US-A-2 217 410 discloses an air-cooled steam condensing system comprising:- a plurality of lower headers, arranged to receive steam as well as non-condensible gasses to be removed; a plurality of inclined (vertical, after-cooler) condensing tubes, the tubes being arranged in bundles and in rows within each bundle, the tube bundles being connected to respective lower headers; a plurality of upper headers, which are rear and final headers, arranged above the lower headers; connected to respective tube bundles, with the condensing tubes rising up from the lower headers to the upper headers, whereby steam may flow upwardly from the lower headers into the tubes for being condensed, with the condensate flowing back downwardly into the lower headers and then drained therefrom, while the non-condensible gasses may flow from the lower headers upwardly into the tubes and then be fed upwardly therefrom to the upper headers, the upper headers serving for the receipt and collection
  • the lower headers (34) are middle headers, which can only pass to the tubes steam which has not already been condensed in preceding condenser tubes, and non-condensible gasses carried along with that un-condensed steam.
  • the tubes are merely after-coolers.
  • the after-cooler tube rows in each bundle are connected to a common upper (rear and final) header, used by all the tubes in the bundle.
  • the upper (rear and final) headers are open headers.
  • the gas removal means comprise connections to each open upper (rear and final) header, for receiving non-condensible gasses from those headers, and an extraction conduit and a vacuum pump.
  • the system of US-A-2 217 410 is thus a two-pass system, and non-condensible gasses must be carried with steam on a first, downward pass through down-pass condensers, and then on a second, upward pass through up-pass after-coolers, via front, middle and rear headers, before they can be removed from the system.
  • FR-A-1 386 255 discloses (see Figs. 1 and 2 thereof) an air-cooled steam condensing system comprising:- a plurality of lower headers, arranged to receive steam as well as non-condensible gasses to be removed; a plurality of inclined dephlegmators, belonging to respective bundles (see below), connected to respective lower headers, the dephlegmators rising up from the lower headers, whereby steam may flow upwardly from the lower headers into the dephlegmators for being condensed, with the condensate flowing back downwardly into the lower headers and then drained therefrom, while the non-condensible gasses may flow from the lower headers upwardly into the dephlegmators and then be fed upwardly therefrom for removal; and gas removal means, employing vacuum suction, for removal of collected non-condensible gasses.
  • the lower headers are middle headers, which can only pass to the dephlegmators steam which has not already been condensed in preceding condenser tubes, and non-condensible gasses carried along with that un-condensed steam.
  • the down-pass condensing tubes are arranged in groups of eight each, and each group is divided into two bundles of four condensing tubes. A dephlegmator is associated with each bundle. Other arrangements are disclosed.
  • the bottoms of the bundles of down-pass condensing tubes are connected to the respective middle headers.
  • steam must flow downwardly from the front header into the condensing tubes, with the condensate flowing downwardly into the middle headers to be drained therefrom
  • the non-condensible gasses must also flow downwardly from the front header downwardly into the condensing tubes, and then be fed downwardly from the tubes to the middle headers.
  • the non-condensible gasses must then be carried with un-condensed steam through the middle headers, to the dephlegmators, to rise therein for removal from the system.
  • the top ends of the dephlegmators are connected in common to gas removal means comprising pipes, a common pipe, a sub-cooler and a vacuum pump.
  • FR-A-1 386 255 is thus a two-pass system, and non-condensible gasses must be carried with steam on a first, downward pass through down-pass condensers, and then on a second, upward pass through up-pass dephlegmators and through headers, before they can be removed from the system.
  • US-A-3 968 836 discloses an air-cooled steam condensing system having an inlet header for receiving both steam to be condensed and non-condensible gases, a plurality of condensing tubes arranged in rows and grouped in bundles, the tubes being coupled at their input ends to the inlet header, a plurality of outlet headers coupled to the output ends of the tubes, each tube row having its own individual outlet header.
  • an air-cooled steam condensing system comprising:- a front header for receiving both steam to be condensed as well as non-condensible gasses to be removed; a plurality of inclined condensing tubes arranged in rows and grouped in bundles, the tubes being coupled at their lower ends to the front header whereby steam may flow from the front header into the tubes for being condensed with the condensate flowing back into the front header and then drained therefrom while the non-condensible gasses flow from the front header into the tubes and then upwardly; a plurality of rear headers coupled to the upper ends of the tubes for receiving the non-condensible gasses from the tubes, each tube row having its own individual rear header for the receipt and collection of the non-condensible gasses; and vacuum piping with gas inlets in communication with the interior of each rear header for evacuating the collected non-condensible gasses from within each of the rear headers along its full length.
  • An embodiment of the invention can provide a condensing and draining mechanism which avoids the drawbacks of the state of the art and which allows proper and complete drain of condensate from air cooled steam condenser systems which protects said systems from freezing, which avoids corrosion problems and which allows complete removal of undesired gasses from the terminal points of the condensing system.
  • a power system 10 for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy.
  • the system includes a boiler 12 for generating steam and a turbine 14 which expands the high pressure steam thereby converting its energy into shaft power.
  • the waste steam exhausted from the turbine is condensed in an air-cooled steam condenser 18 and the condensate is returned to the power cycle via conduits 16 and auxiliaries.
  • the steam condensing mechanism 18 consists of sub-systems which may be considered as including a steam condensing system 22, an air moving system 24, a condensate drain system 26 and a gas removal vacuum system 28.
  • the steam condensing mechanism consists of a main steam duct 33 feeding a steam supply duct 35 to which the steam condensing bundles 56 are attached at the front header 34.
  • the exhaust steam flows upward through a plurality of parallel finned tubes 32 where it is condensed and the condensate runs downward in the same tubes in counter-flow manner back into the steam supply duct 35.
  • the bundles 56 are arranged in two banks 46 and 48 in an A-frame configuration with the front header 34 on the bottom and the rear headers 36, 38, 40 and 42 on the top with a bundle air seal 164 at the apex.
  • the tubes 32 are provided with fins 52 to facilitate and promote more efficient heat transfer.
  • the heat transfer involves the flow of ambient air 50 over the finned tubes for cooling purposes to condense the steam into water.
  • the condenser tubes of each bank are separated into a plurality of bundles 56 as shown in Figures 1 and 9. Within each bundle, the tubes are arranged in a plurality of rows 60, 62, 64 and 66, four in the disclosed preferred embodiment as shown in Figure 5. The four parallel rows are symmetrically positioned in the bundle with the cold ambient air striking row 60 first while the heated air leaving row 66 is discharged back into the atmosphere.
  • Each row of tubes has its own rear header 36, 38, 40 and 42 which are the terminal points of the steam condensing system and therefore the gathering points for all the non-condensible gasses released by the condensing steam. While the steam moves upward through the tubes, the condensate flows downward by gravity in the same tubes and drains into the steam supply duct 35.
  • the steam condensing system may be considered as consisting of a single-pass, multi-row, extended surface, air-cooled, heat exchanger bundles with a separate rear header for each row.
  • the tubes are in a single pass arrangement in relation to the air flow on the outside and the steam flows counter to its condensate inside the tubes.
  • the bundle arrangement must be inclined toward the front header 34 sufficiently so that the condensate can drain by gravity back into the steam supply duct 35. From that minimum position it can be tilted upward until it is completely vertical to meet design/installation requirements.
  • This design does not require additional devices for the withdrawal of condensate from the bundles.
  • B. The counter-flow movement of steam and condensate inside the same tubes produces a condensate temperature close to the saturation temperature of the steam.
  • C. Final condensate saturation temperature can be achieved by the use of a separate reheating element installed in the steam supply duct.
  • D. Most importantly, this design has a low internal steam pressure drop because of its short steam-condensing path length. This means the condenser can operate with a lower turbine exhaust pressure during cold weather which is very desirable from a plant thermal efficiency aspect.
  • the air moving system 24 is the conventional industry type shown in the patent literature. It preferably employs either mechanical draft fans 86, natural draft or some combination of both.
  • the fan arrangements can be either of the induced or forced draft type. In all cases the forced air flow 50 across the outside of the finned tubes is the cooling medium that condenses the steam inside the tubes.
  • the condensate drain system starts at the point where the condensate flows out of the finned condensing tubes 32 into the steam supply duct 35 by gravity as shown in Figure 2. Its vertical fall is intercepted by a condensate reheating element 166.
  • the condensate reheating element 166 can do this with an interwoven mesh material or some other such device that is at saturation temperature being suspended in this steam atmosphere.
  • the reheating element can also be constructed of trays and baffles similar to designs presently employed in commercial heaters. This element provides the added contact surface area and time delay that is necessary to bring the condensate back up to the desired saturation temperature.
  • condensate flow from steam supply duct 35 is via pipe manifold 82 into drain pipe 83 and then into tank 84.
  • the steam pressure inside tank 84 is the same as that in supply duct 35 because of piping connection 100.
  • the condensate flow from supply duct 35 to storage tank 84 is entirely by gravity.
  • Condensate pumps 88 take suction from the storage tank and return the condensate back to the power cycle to repeat the process.
  • Figures 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D present the various design attempts in removing the undesirable gasses from the condenser.
  • the IDEAL gas removal design shown in Figure 10A would be a cone-shaped bundle where steam (S) enters the cavity and is condensed leaving the gasses behind. As more steam enters and condenses, the gasses are pushed further and further ahead until finally they reach the tip of the cone where there is practically no steam and all gas. The first-stage ejector then "sucks" out nearly pure gas and discharges it from the system. There are no stagnant pockets in the IDEAL design because of its cone shape, however, this bundle cannot be built and remains only as an ideal concept.
  • Scheme A, Figure 10B shows past attempts by industry at solving this problem.
  • the total steam condensing surface is built in two sections or zones. They could be separate bundles as shown or they could be incorporated in the same bundle. The attempt here is to try to concentrate the inert gasses before they are withdrawn at point Y.
  • the two sections could have the same heat transfer capacity or the second section could be as small as five per cent of the heat transfer surface area of the first section.
  • the rear header 36 of the first section may or may not be the cavity which serves as the front header 34 for the second section. There are many design variations on this connection.
  • the patent literature shows the following names for the first section: Main Condenser, Primary Condenser, First Condensing Zone and First Plurality Tubes.
  • the second section names have been shown as: Dephlegmator, Vent Condenser, Secondary Condenser, After Condenser, After-cooler Section, Second Condensing Zone, Second Plurality of Tubes and Reflux Condenser
  • the design aim is always to drive the gasses toward the terminal end (E) of the condenser and then remove them with an ejector system.
  • a typical rear header length which is the bundle width (W)
  • W could be as large as ten feet.
  • the gas quantities entrapped in the steam are minute by comparison to the total mass of steam being condensed.
  • Scheme B has a main condenser where each bundle rear header 36 has a vent tube or tubes.
  • This vent tube 170 is finned similar to the main condenser. It is in essence a pre-condenser to the first stage ejector which is built into the same bundle as the main condenser.
  • This scheme does a better scavenging job of the rear header than does Scheme A.
  • the mass volume of gas/vapor mixture leaving the bundle at (Y) and entering the ejector at (Z) is the same for both Scheme A and B.
  • the mass volume of gas/vapor leaving the rear header of Scheme B at point (X) is considerably larger than that leaving at point (Y), Scheme A, due to the condensation of steam vapor in the vent tube.
  • Scheme C shown in figure 10D, is a gas removal system with its suction sparger that shows how it proposes to scavenge the rear header by the vary nature of its construction.
  • the gas removal starts with the suction sparger 116 installed in all rear headers; then piping 121, 123, 125 and 127 connecting the suction spargers to pre-condensers 120, 122, 124 and 126; then additional piping connects the pre-condensers to a liquid/vapor separator 128 where the liquid flows to the condensate storage tank 84 by gravity while the gasses and vapors flow to the first-stage ejectors; then the gasses and vapors enter the steam jet air ejector package 130 where the gasses are further concentrated and then ejected from the system into the atmosphere at point 134 while the condensate from the steam vapors is returned to the cycle.
  • the inert gasses all end up in the rear headers 36, 38, 40 and 42. To remove them from the rear headers, it is necessary to create a higher vacuum which is a lower absolute pressure than that which exists in the rear headers. This is accomplished by the first-stage ejectors 144 and completed by the remainder of the steam jet air ejector package 130.
  • the suction sparger 116 is the starting point for the gas removal process.
  • Each rear header, of which there are four per bundle has its own suction sparger running the full length of the rear header as shown in Figure 7.
  • the spargers have orifices 114 drilled along the entire length through which the gasses and vapors enter.
  • any condensate which enters the sparger either flows out of a single small drain hole 136 shown in Figure 8 and located at the closed end, or it flows into connecting piping 121, 123, 125 and 127 and then drains into the pre-condenser.
  • the vapor/gas flow from the rear header through the orifices is induced by the action of the steam jet ejectors.
  • the orifices are positioned such that they face a calm area 138 as shown in Figure 8 and are located midway between two adjacent tubes 32.
  • the other side of the sparger pipe faces the heat exchanger tube 32 openings which is the turbulent zone or area 140. It is turbulent because there is some steam flow in the rear header between tubes in the same row.
  • This steam interchange amongst tubes 32 occurs as a result of uneven cooling air velocities across the face of the bundle. Locating the suction orifices in the calm zone of the rear headers insures a more effective scavenging job. Since each condensing tube 32 discharges some gas, the multiplicity of suction orifices 114 means that the gasses have only to travel a few inches in the rear header before they enter an orifice in the suction sparger 116. This is unlike the usual steam condenser bundle rear header which has but one suction pipe connection where the gasses must travel from a minimum of a few inches to a maximum of five to ten feet, depending on the suction pipe location.
  • the orifices 114 vary in diameter (a) along the length of the suction sparger 116, (b) among each of the rear headers 36, 38 40 and 42 and (c) from bundle 56 to adjacent bundle 56. These orifices are sized to perform several important flow-equalizig functions.
  • the national steam condenser code specifies the required evacuation capacity (kg/hr) ((lbs/hr)) of the steam jet air ejector package 130 based on the size of steam condenser, i.e., mass quantity of steam condensed (kg/hr) ((lbs/hr)).
  • the orifices are sized to flow the code mandated capacity plus the steam vapor capacity condensed in a pre-condenser, if used.
  • the first adjustment to the orifice diameters is to equalize the flows irrespective of the bundle location in the tower structure. That means that bundles located close to the first-stage ejectors will have smaller orifices than the bundles located at the end of the tower. With this adjustment all bundles will now deliver the same mass quantity of gas/vapor to the evacuation system. There is a second adjustment to be made to the orifice diameters which concerns operations inside the rear headers.
  • the rear header evacuation piping 121, 123, 125 and 127 is run inside the bundle channel frame 148 as shown in Figures 3, 5, 6 and 7 and then brought outside with piping 30 running on top of the bundle frames near the steam supply duct 35 as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9.
  • piping 30 running on top of the bundle frames near the steam supply duct 35 as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9.
  • fins 53 By installing fins 53 on pipes 30, low-cost air-cooled pre-condensers 120, 122, 124 and 126 can be made to serve the first-stage ejectors 144.
  • Such a pre-condenser increases the scavenging rate of the rear headers by the amount of steam vapor it condenses. In the process of doing that, it provides a more concentrated inert gas mixture to the ejectors which makes them more efficient.
  • the steam vapor condensing capability of this air-cooled pre-condenser is dependent upon, amongst other things, the temperature of the cooling air 50 passing through its fins 53 as it lies on top of the main steam condensing tubes 32.
  • This air temperature in turn is controlled by the number of fins 52 installed on tubes 32 located directly below the pre-condensers. As the fins are stripped back along the tubes as shown in Figure 2 the temperature of the air reaching the pre-condensers drops and then more steam vapor is condensed.
  • Figure 2 shows the top row fins stripped to a distance L while the bottom row is left intact; rows 2 and 3 are stripped varying amounts. This control of the number of heat dissipating fins built into the path of this small segment of cooling air gives the designer flexibility to maximize the steam vapor condensing capability of the pre-condenser and minimize the potential for freezing.
  • the air-cooled pre-condenser is installed in the warm air stream of the bundle air discharge to protect it from freezing.
  • the vapor/gas mixture flowing in the pre-condenser tubes 30 does not carry much steam so that it does not have the self protection features as does the regular steam condensing tube 32.
  • the pre-condenser is protected by being surrounded with heated air, it is still subject to freezing if it is not protected from cold blasting winds. In cold climate installations a removable, sheet-metal, protective wind shield 162, would be installed to partially cover the pre-condenser.
  • the pre-condenser is shown installed on the bottom of the bundles 56 near the steam supply duct 35 to achieve greatest freeze protection. In warmer climate installations the pre-condenser could be installed near the top of the bundles just below rear header 42. This would save piping costs for items 121, 123, 125 and 127.
  • Condensate levels in these water legs are above the water level in the tank and each is at a different height because they all have different internal vapor pressures.
  • the small condensate pipes 71, 73, 75 and 77 are fastened to the much larger and warmer pipe 83 and then all five pipes are wrapped with heat insulation as a single line.
  • the vapors and gasses leaving the fluid separator 128 enter the first-stage ejectors 144 of which there are four; one for each bundle row because they all have different pressures and cannot be tied together.
  • the use of multiple first-stage ejectors discharging into a common inter-condenser is generally known in the existing art in the process, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and related industries.
  • the process cycles generally have several points, at different pressures, which must be evacuated with their own first-stage ejectors which then discharge into the shell of a common condenser.
  • This air ejection package 130 is a conventional steam operated 132 two-stage steam ejector unit with inter and after-condensers. Motor driven vacuum pumps with or without air ejectors could be readily substituted for the steam operated device shown.
  • the low-cost pre-condenser 120, 122, 124 and 126 would be installed when operating conditions indicated the need for additional scavenging of the rear headers. If they were not needed, then there would be some cost savings by eliminating the fins 53 on piping 30, the fluid separating connection 128 and the four condensate drain lines 71, 73, 75 and 77 and running the extraction piping 30 in the cavity below bundle air seal 164 Figures 2 and 3.
  • each row may have a different finned tube diameter such as, the first row could be 3.8 cm (one and one-half inch) in diameter, the second row 3.2 cm (one and one-forth inch) in diameter and the third row 2.54 cm (one inch) in diameter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Ensemble de condensation de vapeur d'eau, refroidie par air et comprenant :
       un collecteur avant (34) destiné à recevoir à la fois la vapeur d'eau à condenser ainsi que des gaz incondensables qui doivent être retirés,
       plusieurs tubes inclinés (32) de condensation placés en lignes (60, 62, 64, 66) et regroupés sous forme de faisceau (56), les tubes étant couplés, à leurs extrémités inférieures, au collecteur avant (35), de manière que la vapeur d'eau puisse s'écouler du collecteur avant dans les tubes afin qu'elle se condense, le condensat revenant dans le collecteur avant puis étant évacué de celui-ci alors que les gaz incondensables s'écoulent du collecteur avant vers les tubes puis remontent,
       plusieurs collecteurs arrière (36, 38, 40, 42) couplés aux extrémités supérieures des tubes et destinés à recevoir les gaz incondensables des tubes, chaque ligne de tubes (60, 62, 64, 66) ayant son propre collecteur arrière individuel (36, 38, 40, 42) pour la réception et la collecte des gaz incondensables, et
       des tubes à vide (121, 123, 125, 127) ayant des entrées de gaz (114) qui communiquent avec l'intérieur de chaque collecteur arrière afin que les gaz incondensables collectés soient évacués de l'intérieur de chacun des collecteurs arrière sur toute leur longueur.
  2. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les tubes sous vide sont placés à l'intérieur de chacun des collecteurs arrière (36, 38, 40, 42) sur toute leur longueur, chacun ayant plusieurs orifices (114) placés au voisinage immédiat des extrémités (32) des tubes de manière que, grâce aux différences de pressions de fluide, les gaz incondensables résiduels quittant chaque extrémité de tubes aient tendance à s'écouler uniformément et de façon continue directement dans les orifices (114) qui sont raccordés par d'autres tubes (120, 122, 124, 126) en aval d'éjecteurs (144) de création de vide, si bien que les gaz sont immédiatement retirés de toute la longueur des collecteurs arrière (36, 38, 40, 42) et du faisceau proprement dit (56).
  3. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un dispositif (166) de réchauffage du condensat placé à l'intérieur du collecteur avant (35) et disposé sur le trajet du condensat qui tombe afin que son temps d'exposition dans l'atmosphère de vapeur d'eau soit prolongé et que le condensat sous-refroidi revienne vers sa température de saturation.
EP89110718A 1988-06-13 1989-06-13 Aérocondenseur de vapeur à vide Expired - Lifetime EP0346848B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20609588A 1988-06-13 1988-06-13
US206095 1988-06-13

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EP0346848A2 EP0346848A2 (fr) 1989-12-20
EP0346848A3 EP0346848A3 (en) 1990-02-14
EP0346848B1 true EP0346848B1 (fr) 1994-02-23

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DE (1) DE68913233T2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA894479B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017223185A1 (fr) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-28 Evapco, Inc. Condenseur de vapeur industriel refroidi par air tout secondaire
KR20190087398A (ko) * 2016-06-21 2019-07-24 에밥코 인코포레이티드 미니-튜브 공냉식 산업용 증기 응축기

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US9551532B2 (en) 2012-05-23 2017-01-24 Spx Dry Cooling Usa Llc Modular air cooled condenser apparatus and method
EP3465062B1 (fr) 2016-05-25 2021-02-24 SPG Dry Cooling Belgium Appareil et procédé de condenseur refroidi par air
ES2761695T3 (es) 2016-08-24 2020-05-20 Spg Dry Cooling Belgium Condensador enfriado por aire de tiro inducido
CN110494712B (zh) * 2016-12-22 2021-02-26 艾威普科公司 微型管的空气冷却式工业蒸汽冷凝装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017223185A1 (fr) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-28 Evapco, Inc. Condenseur de vapeur industriel refroidi par air tout secondaire
KR20190020739A (ko) * 2016-06-21 2019-03-04 에밥코 인코포레이티드 모두 부차적인 공랭식 산업용 증기 응축기
KR20190087398A (ko) * 2016-06-21 2019-07-24 에밥코 인코포레이티드 미니-튜브 공냉식 산업용 증기 응축기
KR102330021B1 (ko) 2016-06-21 2021-11-23 에밥코 인코포레이티드 미니-튜브 공냉식 산업용 증기 응축기
RU2767122C2 (ru) * 2016-06-21 2022-03-16 Эвапко, Инк. Воздушный конденсатор пара промышленного типа с мини-трубками
KR20220100094A (ko) * 2016-06-21 2022-07-14 에밥코 인코포레이티드 모두 부차적인 공랭식 산업용 증기 응축기

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ZA894479B (en) 1990-07-25
DE68913233T2 (de) 1994-09-08
DE68913233D1 (de) 1994-03-31
EP0346848A2 (fr) 1989-12-20
EP0346848A3 (en) 1990-02-14

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