EP0342114B1 - Assembly consisting of an exterior building wall such as a roof covering or cladding and a metal rail section for supporting the same - Google Patents

Assembly consisting of an exterior building wall such as a roof covering or cladding and a metal rail section for supporting the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0342114B1
EP0342114B1 EP89401278A EP89401278A EP0342114B1 EP 0342114 B1 EP0342114 B1 EP 0342114B1 EP 89401278 A EP89401278 A EP 89401278A EP 89401278 A EP89401278 A EP 89401278A EP 0342114 B1 EP0342114 B1 EP 0342114B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
purlin
wall
flanges
width
sole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89401278A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0342114A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Mouty
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PROFILCOMETUBE
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PROFILCOMETUBE
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Priority to AT89401278T priority Critical patent/ATE79916T1/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E04C3/07Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452H- or I-shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/046L- or T-shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0482Z- or S-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an assembly consisting of: a) an exterior wall of a building such as a covering, horizontal or substantially horizontal, or cladding, vertical or substantially vertical, and b) a profiled metal purlin intended to support said wall, said purlin being of the type comprising two parallel flanges, respectively external and internal, which are of equal thickness, and a core which joins said two flanges, the external flange against which the wall to be supported is applied being additionally integral with this wall, for example by self-tapping screws, and the insole, in danger of buckling, resting on at least two supports.
  • a beam is generally used which works on bending, the forces to which this beam is subjected acting transversely to its length; this is the case with a bridge beam, an overhead crane beam or a joist for example.
  • the beam bends and deforms: unlike the neutral fiber whose length does not vary, the fibers located on the concave side of the beam are then shortened and are therefore subjected to compression, while those located on the convex side are elongated.
  • These beams commonly used in metal constructions, therefore comprise two parallel flanges of the same width and the same thickness joined by a core which, depending on the case, can be flat or itself profiled.
  • the compressed sole of the beam like all the elements subjected to compression, tends to slip away in a plane perpendicular to the stress.
  • the upper flanges of the beams are stiffened laterally, generally by a truss beam.
  • the thinner and lighter profiled beams which are more particularly intended to support the exterior walls of buildings, such as roofing or cladding, are also long pieces subjected to bending.
  • the so-called “inner” sole of the purlin rests freely on its supports and is not stabilized laterally; when this sole is compressed, it can therefore cause the breakdown by lateral buckling.
  • the profiled purlins which support them are subjected to bending in both directions, depending on whether the loads are oriented towards the interior of the building to be protected (case of snow, dust, and dead weight of roofing for example), or towards the outside of the building (wind for example).
  • the present invention going against current recommendations and habits, therefore proposes a wall-purlin assembly in which the wall support purlin has an asymmetrical profile, and of which more precisely the flanges are of different widths, while being equal thickness, that is to say both constant at each sole and equal for both soles.
  • the present invention therefore has for first object an assembly consisting of an exterior wall of a building, such as a covering or cladding, and of a profiled metal purlin supporting said wall, said purlin being of the type comprising two footings, respectively external and internal. , which are parallel and of equal thickness, and a core which joins said two flanges, the external flange against which the wall to be supported is applied being additionally secured to this wall, for example by self-tapping screws, and the internal flange, in danger of buckling, resting longitudinally on at least two supports, said assembly being characterized in that the inner sole of the purlin is of a width continuously between 1.2 and 2 times the width of the outer sole.
  • the insole not stabilized by said wall is continuously and notably wider than the stabilized outsole.
  • the inner sole of the purlin is preferably of a width continuously between 1.4 and 1.8 times the width of said outer sole.
  • the longitudinal axes of symmetry of the soles respectively exterior and interior, belong to a plane perpendicular to said soles. This is the case for I-section profiled purlins, purlins marketed under the brands “Pannerval” and “Propanne”, and Z-section profiled purlins in which the core, by construction, is also inclined on the two flanges that it brings together.
  • the longitudinal axes of symmetry of the soles respectively exterior and interior, belong to a plane which forms with each of said soles an angle different from 90 °. This is the case with I-shaped section, C-section or Z-section purlins in which the core, by construction, is perpendicular to the two flanges.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically, in cross section, a conventional profiled purlin (1) with a straight I-section intended to support an exterior wall (2) of a building.
  • This purlin (1) for example and preferably obtained by cold profiling, comprises two parallel soles, respectively exterior (3) and interior (4), and a core (5) which joins said two soles, the exterior sole (3 ) against which is applied the wall to be supported being surplus to this wall, for example by self-tapping screws shown diagrammatically by the centerline (6), and the insole (4), in danger of buckling as shown diagrammatically by the arrow (10), resting on at least two supports (7).
  • This breakdown (1) is symmetrical with respect to the plane (8), parallel to the wall (2) to be supported, which passes through the neutral fiber (9) located halfway up the profile (1).
  • Figures 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b schematically illustrate the means used to create continuity on the support of profiled purlins, with a straight section in I and a straight section in Z respectively.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b which are, respectively, a side view and a cross-sectional view of the abutment zone of two purlins (1) at I
  • continuity on the supports (7) is obtained by means of one or two external ribs (11) the height of which is slightly less than the height of the core (5) of each purlin (1), the splice or said ribs (11) being welded to the cores of the two purlins (1) abutments.
  • the purlins to be butted would have a cross section at C, the splices creating continuity could be external and / or internal to these purlins, being once again welded to their butted cores.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b which are, respectively, a side view and a cross-sectional view of the overlap area of two identical purlins (12) and (13), with a cross section in Z, the continuity on the supports ( 7) and obtained by fitting the flanges formed at the level of the wings of said Z-shaped purlins, the respective widths of these wings being such that there is a difference between them roughly equal to twice the thickness of the purlin.
  • the continuity of the beam is obtained on the support (7) by fitting the narrow sole of the purlin (13) into the wide sole of the purlin (12) and vice versa by fitting the narrow sole of the purlin (12) in the wide sole of the purlin (13).
  • the beam obtained therefore has a doubling of its section at each support (7).
  • the widest sole of each purlin (12, 13) is approximately 10% greater in width, and at most 15% greater in width , with the narrower sole.
  • each face of the beam obtained is formed by alternating wide soles and narrow soles. Consequently, in the calculation of the ultimate bending moments in span under the rising and falling loads respectively, bending moments which constitute the performance indices of the beam, the value retained for the width of each sole is always that of the sole la narrower, for obvious security reasons.
  • this sole exterior may have a minimum width, simply compatible with good lateral stiffness to limit lateral deformations during assembly and positioning of the wall and also simply sufficient to offer good support to the elements of the wall (2) to be supported.
  • an outer sole (3) with a width of the order of 50 to 70 millimeters will generally be sufficient.
  • the insole (4) which rests freely on the supports (7) is in danger of buckling at each of its points where it can be compressed, that is to say at the right and near each support under the downward and mid-span loads as well as at both ends of the beam under the upward loads.
  • FIGS. 6 to 12 illustrate various applications of these principles to profiled purlins currently marketed, for example to a purlin (15) profiled in I (FIG. 6), to a purl (19) profiled in C (FIG. 10), to purlins (17, 20, 21) Z-shaped ( Figures 8, 11 and 12), a breakdown (16) marketed under the brand “Pannerval” ( Figure 7) and a breakdown (18) marketed under the brand "Propanne” (figure 9).
  • the insole (4) is of constant thickness and equal to that of the outsole (3) and is of a width continuously and appreciably greater than that of the outer sole (3), a construction which results in making the fault profile asymmetrical with respect to any plane parallel to the wall (2) to be supported.
  • the insole (4) of each of these types of profile is of a width continuously comprised between 1.2 and 2 times the width of the outsole (3), and it is preferably of a width continuously understood between 1.4 and 1.8 times the width of said outer sole.
  • the invention allows to produce a beam whose inner sole (4) not stabilized by the wall (2) is continuously and notably wider than the stabilized outer sole (3). It is then the width of this insole (4) of any asymmetrical profile which will be able to be taken into account in the calculation of the performance indices of all the failures according to the invention.
  • Table I illustrates by the results that it communicates the advantages of implementing the invention.
  • the first column is reserved for the test number
  • the second column gives in millimeters the dimensions of the purlin concerned, namely successively its height, the width of its outsole (3), the width of its sole. inside (4) and the thickness of the profiled sheet to make the breakdown
  • the third column gives in cm2 the section of the breakdown concerned
  • the fourth column gives in cm / Kg the moment of resistance in theoretical span Mr.
  • Tests No. 1 to 16 were carried out on a conventional propane purlin, symmetrical, that is to say with outer and inner flanges of the same width and the same thickness, while tests No. 17 to 32 were carried out on a Propanne type breakdown in accordance with the invention, asymmetrical, the insole of which is significantly greater in width than that of the outer sole.
  • the resistant moment Mr was calculated under the ascending loads of type B, that is to say oriented from the inside towards the outside of the building to be protected, by applying the method of SOKOL published in the journal CM N ° 1-1979, the covering elements (2) being tubs of corrugated sheet steel screwed in the hollow of the wave on the purlin support.
  • the resistant moment Mr of the breakdown according to the invention is in fact greater than the resistant moment Mr of the traditional failure which corresponds to it, identified by a number between 1 and 16, with a value which, respectively, is: 17.3 %; 14.2%; 13.3%; 18.5%; 15.6%; 15.0%; 19.1%; 16.7%; 16.5%; 15.8%; 31.7%; 26.6%; 26.2%; 24.4%.
  • test 15 The comparison between tests 15 and 32 is also particularly edifying. It is seen in fact that the failure of the invention corresponding to test 32 has substantially the same value of resistance moment Mr as the traditional failure corresponding to test 15 while being finer (2 millimeters instead of 2.5 millimeters) and of a section and as a result of a considerably reduced weight (8.576 cm2 instead of 10.540 cm2).
  • the invention is not limited to the mode of application no more than to the embodiments which have been described above and it is possible to conceive of various variants without departing from the scope of said invention. This is particularly the case with the relative arrangements of the two soles (3, 4).
  • the insole (4) is centered under the outsole (3), so that the longitudinal axes of symmetry of said soles, respectively (22) and (23) belong to a plane perpendicular to the two soles.
  • the core (5) is provided perpendicular to the two flanges (3, 4) so that, this time, the longitudinal axes of symmetry of said flanges, respectively ( 24) and (25), belong to a plane which forms with each of the two flanges an angle different from 90 °.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

The rail is of the type comprising two flanges, outer (3) and inner (4) respectively, which are parallel and of equal thickness, and a web (5) which joins the said two flanges, the outer flange (3), against which the wall (2) to be supported is laid, moreover being fastened to this wall, for example by means of self-tapping screws (6), and the inner flange (4), in danger of buckling, resting on at least two supports (7). The inner flange (4) is continuously of considerably greater width than the width of the outer flange (3), the ratio between the said widths being between 1.2 and 2. It is employed in the supporting of an external building wall such as a roof covering or a wall cladding.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un assemblage constitué : a) d'une paroi extérieure de bâtiment tel une couverture, horizontale ou sensiblement horizontale, ou un bardage, vertical ou sensiblement vertical, et b) d'une panne métallique profilée destinée à supporter ladite paroi, ladite panne étant du type comprenant deux semelles parallèles, respectivement extérieure et intérieure, qui sont d'égale épaisseur, et une âme qui réunit lesdites deux semelles, la semelle extérieure contre laquelle est appliquée la paroi à supporter étant au surplus solidaire de cette paroi, par exemple par vis autotaraudeuses, et la semelle intérieure, en danger de flambement, reposant sur au moins deux appuis.The present invention relates to an assembly consisting of: a) an exterior wall of a building such as a covering, horizontal or substantially horizontal, or cladding, vertical or substantially vertical, and b) a profiled metal purlin intended to support said wall, said purlin being of the type comprising two parallel flanges, respectively external and internal, which are of equal thickness, and a core which joins said two flanges, the external flange against which the wall to be supported is applied being additionally integral with this wall, for example by self-tapping screws, and the insole, in danger of buckling, resting on at least two supports.

Pour supporter des charges entre deux appuis, on utilise généralement une poutre qui travaille à la flexion, les forces auxquelles est soumise cette poutre s'exerçant transversalement à sa longueur ; il en est ainsi d'une poutre de pont, d'une poutre de pont roulant ou d'une solive par exemple.To support loads between two supports, a beam is generally used which works on bending, the forces to which this beam is subjected acting transversely to its length; this is the case with a bridge beam, an overhead crane beam or a joist for example.

On sait que, dans une telle poutre dont la section est habituellement symétrique par rapport à un plan parallèle à la paroi à supporter, et dans laquelle en conséquence les semelles sont d'égale largeur et d'égale épaisseur, la répartition des contraintes s'effectue suivant un diagramme bi-triangulaire dont le sommet commun passe par la fibre neutre de la poutre, c'est-à-dire par la fibre intermédiaire qui comprend les centres de gravité de toutes les sections et qui par suite est située à mi-hauteur de l'âme de la poutre.We know that, in such a beam, the cross section of which is usually symmetrical with respect to a plane parallel to the wall to be supported, and in which consequently the flanges are of equal width and thickness, the distribution of stresses is performs according to a bi-triangular diagram whose common apex passes through the neutral fiber of the beam, that is to say through the intermediate fiber which includes the centers of gravity of all the sections and which is consequently located at mid height of the web of the beam.

Sous l'action des charges, la poutre fléchit et se déforme : à l'inverse de la fibre neutre dont la longueur ne varie pas, les fibres situées du côté concave de la poutre se sont alors raccourcies et sont donc soumises à une compression, tandis que celles situées du côté convexe se sont allongées.Under the action of the loads, the beam bends and deforms: unlike the neutral fiber whose length does not vary, the fibers located on the concave side of the beam are then shortened and are therefore subjected to compression, while those located on the convex side are elongated.

Compte tenu du diagramme de répartition des contraintes, il est convenu que, pour un emploi optimal de la matière, il est souhaitable de concentrer celle-ci aussi loin que possible de la fibre neutre, qui correspond à la zone de contrainte nulle.Taking into account the stress distribution diagram, it is agreed that, for optimal use of the material, it is desirable to concentrate it as far as possible from the neutral fiber, which corresponds to the zone of zero stress.

Ce constat, combiné à d'autres considérations telles que l'économie de matière, la diminution de poids et par suite la diminution de prix des ouvrages, a justifié la conception de poutres à section profilée en forme de I, ou à section profilée voisine ou dérivée d'une telle section en I.This observation, combined with other considerations such as the saving of material, the reduction in weight and consequently the reduction in the price of the works, justified the design of beams with an I-shaped profiled section, or with a neighboring profiled section. or derived from such a section in I.

Ces poutres, couramment employées en constructions métalliques, comprennent donc deux semelles parallèles de même largeur et de même épaisseur réunies par une âme qui, selon les cas, peut être plane ou elle-même profilée.These beams, commonly used in metal constructions, therefore comprise two parallel flanges of the same width and the same thickness joined by a core which, depending on the case, can be flat or itself profiled.

Toutefois, la semelle comprimée de la poutre, comme tous les éléments soumis à une compression, a tendance à se dérober dans un plan perpendiculaire à la contrainte. Ce changement de forme dans une direction différente de celle des forces de sollicitation, et qui ne peut se faire dans le plan de grande inertie de la poutre, se traduit par un flambement latéral de la poutre entraînant celle-ci en déversement.However, the compressed sole of the beam, like all the elements subjected to compression, tends to slip away in a plane perpendicular to the stress. This change in shape in a direction different from that of the stressing forces, and which cannot be done in the plane of great inertia of the beam, results in a lateral buckling of the beam causing it to spill.

C'est pour cette raison en particulier que les semelles supérieures des poutres, par exemple celles supportant des ponts roulants, sont raidies latéralement, généralement par une poutre à treillis.It is for this reason in particular that the upper flanges of the beams, for example those supporting overhead traveling cranes, are stiffened laterally, generally by a truss beam.

Les poutres profilées plus fines et plus légères, dénommées pannes, qui sont plus particulièrement destinées à supporter des parois extérieures de bâtiments, telles des couvertures ou des bardages, sont elles aussi des pièces longues soumises à la flexion.The thinner and lighter profiled beams, called purlins, which are more particularly intended to support the exterior walls of buildings, such as roofing or cladding, are also long pieces subjected to bending.

Toutefois, compte tenu des faibles charges que ces pannes ont à supporter (légèreté des couvertures, poussières et neige, vent, par exemple), la condition la plus contraignante que ces pannes supports de parois ont à respecter est la limitation due à la flèche maximale imposée par les règlements et qui, sous les charges de service, est généralement de 1/200 de la portée.However, given the low loads that these breakdowns have to bear (lightness of the covers, dust and snow, wind, for example), the most restrictive condition that these wall support breakdowns have to respect is the limitation due to the maximum deflection imposed by regulations and which, under service charges, is generally 1/200 of range.

Pour réduire la flèche d'une panne profilée légère, les constructeurs utilisent deux moyens :

  • en fabriquant des profils plus raides, c'est-à-dire des profils de plus grandes hauteurs, et en ayant recours de préférence au profilage à froid de tôles minces,
  • en créant une continuité sur appuis, soit par emboîtement des semelles formées au niveau des ailes lorsque les profils sont à section en Z, soit par éclissage au moyen d'éclisses intérieures ou extérieures aux pièces à abouter lorsque celles-ci sont d'un profil autre que Z.
To reduce the deflection of a light profiled failure, manufacturers use two means:
  • by making stiffer profiles, that is to say profiles of greater heights, and preferably using cold profiling of thin sheets,
  • by creating continuity on supports, either by interlocking flanges formed at the level of the wings when the profiles are in Z-section, or by splicing by means of internal or external fishplates to the pieces to be butted when these are of a profile other than Z.

Dans toutes ces constructions, quelle que soit la section du profil de panne, quelle que soit la paroi que cette panne doit supporter, et quelle que soit l'inclinaison de cette paroi, la semelle dite "extérieure" contre laquelle est appliquée la paroi est généralement attachée à ladite paroi, par exemple par des vis autotaraudeuses. Cette semelle extérieure est donc correctement stabilisée lorsqu'elle est comprimée.In all these constructions, whatever the section of the purlin profile, whatever the wall which this purlin must support, and whatever the inclination of this wall, the so-called "outer sole" against which the wall is applied is generally attached to said wall, for example by self-tapping screws. This outsole is therefore correctly stabilized when it is compressed.

En revanche, la semelle dite "intérieure" de la panne repose librement sur ses appuis et n'est pas stabilisée latéralement ; lorsque cette semelle est comprimée, elle peut donc entraîner la ruine de la panne par flambement latéral.On the other hand, the so-called "inner" sole of the purlin rests freely on its supports and is not stabilized laterally; when this sole is compressed, it can therefore cause the breakdown by lateral buckling.

Or, étant donné la légèreté des parois, couvertures ou bardages, actuellement utilisées, les pannes profilées qui les supportent sont soumises à des flexions dans les deux sens, selon que les charges sont orientées vers l'intérieur du bâtiment à protéger (cas de la neige, des poussières, et du poids mort des couvertures par exemple), ou vers l'extérieur du bâtiment (vent par exemple).However, given the lightness of the walls, covers or cladding, currently used, the profiled purlins which support them are subjected to bending in both directions, depending on whether the loads are oriented towards the interior of the building to be protected (case of snow, dust, and dead weight of roofing for example), or towards the outside of the building (wind for example).

Dans le cas d'une charge orientée vers l'intérieur du bâtiment à protéger, la semelle intérieure de chaque panne support, en raison de la continuité sur les appuis, est comprimée dans chaque zone d'appui, c'est-à-dire sur chaque appui et de part et d'autre, à proximité, dudit appui.In the case of a load oriented towards the interior of the building to be protected, the insole of each support failure, due to the continuity on the supports, is compressed in each support zone, i.e. on each support and on either side, near said support.

Dans le cas d'une charge orientée vers l'extérieur du bâtiment à protéger, c'est dans la partie centrale entre deux appuis, c'est-à-dire en milieu de portée de chaque panne support, que la semelle intérieure dudit profil est comprimée.In the case of a load oriented towards the outside of the building to be protected, it is in the central part between two supports, that is to say in the middle of the range of each support failure, that the insole of said profile is compressed.

A partir de ces connaissances et observations, la société déposante de la présente demande de brevet est donc arrivée à la conclusion que, pour optimiser l'emploi de la matière sur toute panne support d'une paroi, il conviendrait :

  • a) de donner à la semelle extérieure, contre laquelle est appliquée la paroi à supporter, une largeur minimale compatible, d'une part, avec une bonne raideur latérale permettant de limiter les déformations latérales pendant le montage et la mise en place de la paroi et, d'autre part, avec un appui jugé suffisant pour les matériaux de couverture et/ou de bardage, et pour les attaches de ces matériaux (une largeur de 50 à 70 millimètres paraît en général suffisante à cet égard),
  • b) d'élargir la semelle intérieure, de manière à réduire la contrainte qui lui est appliquée, en réduisant sa distance au centre de gravité constituant la fibre neutre, et simultanément de manière à accroître sa raideur latérale afin qu'elle résiste mieux au flambement latéral.
From this knowledge and observations, the company filing this patent application has therefore come to the conclusion that, to optimize the use of the material on any wall support failure, it would be advisable:
  • a) to give the outer sole, against which the wall to be supported is applied, a minimum compatible width, on the one hand, with a good lateral stiffness making it possible to limit lateral deformations during the mounting and the positioning of the wall and, on the other hand, with support deemed sufficient for roofing and / or cladding materials, and for the fasteners of these materials (a width of 50 to 70 millimeters generally seems sufficient in this regard),
  • b) to widen the insole, so as to reduce the stress applied to it, by reducing its distance from the center of gravity constituting the neutral fiber, and simultaneously so as to increase its lateral stiffness so that it better resists buckling lateral.

Ces deux tendances -réduction de la largeur de la semelle extérieure et augmentation de la largeur de la semelle intérieure- sont en totale contradiction avec les conceptions actuelles qui veulent que :

  • soit les pannes présentent des semelles parallèles, de même largeur et d'égale épaisseur ; ces pannes sont alors profilées selon une section droite classique en I ou selon une section droite en C, telle qu'enseignée par exemple par les brevets GB-A-1.562.688 et EP-A-0.163.712 ;
  • soit les pannes présentent des semelles parallèles, mais de largeurs différentes et sont alors :
  • a) à profil à section en Z, tel que l'enseigne le brevet FR-A-2.088.237 lorsqu'il convient au surplus de créer une continuité sur appuis par emboîtement de leurs semelles ; il faut malgré tout préciser à cet égard que la semelle la plus large est d'une largeur supérieure seulement de 10 à 15 % à la semelle la moins large et que, du fait précisément de l'emboîtement, il y a sur chaque face de la poutre formée alternance de semelles larges et de semelles étroites ;
  • b) à profils à section en I ou en C, tels que l'enseignent les brevets GB-A-2.1 02.465 et FR-A-2.358.524, la semelle extérieure ayant alors une largeur notablement supérieure à celle de la semelle intérieure, et les semelles ayant au surplus des épaisseurs alors différentes, l'une par rapport à l'autre, et inégales au niveau de chaque semelle.
These two trends - reducing the width of the outer sole and increasing the width of the inner sole - are in total contradiction with current conceptions which want:
  • either the purlins have parallel soles, the same width and equal thickness; these purlins are then profiled in a conventional cross section in I or in a cross section in C, as taught for example by patents GB-A-1,562,688 and EP-A-0,163,712;
  • either the purlins have parallel flanges, but of different widths and are then:
  • a) with a Z-section profile, as taught by patent FR-A-2,088,237 when, in addition, it is necessary to create continuity on supports by fitting their soles; however, it should be noted in this regard widest sole is only 10 to 15% greater in width than the narrower sole and, precisely because of the interlocking, there is on each face of the beam formed alternating wide soles and soles narrow;
  • b) with I or C section profiles, as taught by the patents GB-A-2.1 02.465 and FR-A-2.358.524, the outer sole then having a width significantly greater than that of the inner sole, and the soles having in addition thicknesses which are then different, one with respect to the other, and uneven at the level of each sole.

La présente invention, en allant à l'encontre des préconisations actuelles et des habitudes, propose donc un assemblage paroi-panne dans lequel la panne support de paroi est à profil dissymétrique, et dont plus précisément les semelles sont de largeurs différentes, tout en étant d'épaisseur égale, c'est-à-dire à la fois constante au niveau de chaque semelle et égale pour les deux semelles.The present invention, going against current recommendations and habits, therefore proposes a wall-purlin assembly in which the wall support purlin has an asymmetrical profile, and of which more precisely the flanges are of different widths, while being equal thickness, that is to say both constant at each sole and equal for both soles.

La présente invention a donc pour premier objet un assemblage constitué d'une paroi extérieure de bâtiment, tel une couverture ou un bardage, et d'une panne métallique profilée supportant ladite paroi, ladite panne étant du type comprenant deux semelles, respectivement extérieure et intérieure, qui sont parallèles et d'égale épaisseur, et une âme qui réunit lesdites deux semelles, la semelle extérieure contre laquelle est appliquée la paroi à supporter étant au surplus solidaire de cette paroi, par exemple par vis autotaraudeuses, et la semelle intérieure, en danger de flambement, reposant longitudinalement sur au moins deux appuis, ledit assemblage étant caractérisé en ce que la semelle intérieure de la panne est d'une largeur continûment comprise entre 1,2 et 2 fois la largeur de la semelle extérieure.The present invention therefore has for first object an assembly consisting of an exterior wall of a building, such as a covering or cladding, and of a profiled metal purlin supporting said wall, said purlin being of the type comprising two footings, respectively external and internal. , which are parallel and of equal thickness, and a core which joins said two flanges, the external flange against which the wall to be supported is applied being additionally secured to this wall, for example by self-tapping screws, and the internal flange, in danger of buckling, resting longitudinally on at least two supports, said assembly being characterized in that the inner sole of the purlin is of a width continuously between 1.2 and 2 times the width of the outer sole.

Autrement dit, sur la totalité de la longueur de chaque panne profilée supportant la paroi, la semelle intérieure non stabilisée par ladite paroi est continûment et notablement plus large que la semelle extérieure stabilisée.In other words, over the entire length of each profiled purlin supporting the wall, the insole not stabilized by said wall is continuously and notably wider than the stabilized outsole.

Selon un mode préféré de réalisation, la semelle intérieure de la panne est de préférence d'une largeur continûment comprise entre 1,4 et 1,8 fois la largeur de ladite semelle extérieure.According to a preferred embodiment, the inner sole of the purlin is preferably of a width continuously between 1.4 and 1.8 times the width of said outer sole.

Dans une première variante de réalisation, les axes de symétrie longitudinaux des semelles, respectivement extérieure et intérieure, appartiennent à un plan perpendiculaire auxdites semelles. Il en est ainsi des pannes profilées à section en I, des pannes commercialisées sous les marques "Pannerval" et "Propanne", et des pannes profilées à section en Z dans lesquelles l'âme, par construction, est également inclinée sur les deux semelles qu'elle réunit.In a first alternative embodiment, the longitudinal axes of symmetry of the soles, respectively exterior and interior, belong to a plane perpendicular to said soles. This is the case for I-section profiled purlins, purlins marketed under the brands "Pannerval" and "Propanne", and Z-section profiled purlins in which the core, by construction, is also inclined on the two flanges that it brings together.

Dans une seconde variante de réalisation, les axes de symétrie longitudinaux des semelles, respectivement extérieure et intérieure, appartiennent à un plan qui forme avec chacune desdites semelles un angle différent de 90°. Il en est ainsi des pannes profilées à section en I, à section en C ou à section en Z dans lesquelles l'âme, par construction, est perpendiculaire aux deux semelles.In a second variant embodiment, the longitudinal axes of symmetry of the soles, respectively exterior and interior, belong to a plane which forms with each of said soles an angle different from 90 °. This is the case with I-shaped section, C-section or Z-section purlins in which the core, by construction, is perpendicular to the two flanges.

On comprendra bien les avantages de l'invention, ainsi que certaines autres de ses caractéristiques, à la lecture du complément de description qui va suivre et en référence aux dessins annexés qui font partie intégrante de cette description, lesdits dessins représentant notamment, à titre d'exemples purement illustratifs et non limitatifs, divers modes de réalisation préférés de ladite invention.The advantages of the invention, as well as certain other of its characteristics, will be clearly understood on reading the additional description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings which form an integral part of this description, said drawings representing in particular, by way of purely illustrative and nonlimiting examples, various preferred embodiments of said invention.

La figure 1 représente schématiquement, en coupe transversale, une panne profilée classique (1) à section droite en I destinée à supporter une paroi extérieure (2) de bâtiment. Cette panne (1), par exemple et de préférence obtenue par profilage à froid, comprend deux semelles parallèles, respectivement extérieure (3) et intérieure (4), et une âme (5) qui réunit lesdites deux semelles, la semelle extérieure (3) contre laquelle est appliquée la paroi à supporter étant au surplus solidaire de cette paroi, par exemple par des vis autotaraudeuses schématisées par le trait d'axe (6), et la semelle intérieure (4), en danger de flambement tel que schématisé par la flèche (10), reposant sur au moins deux appuis (7).Figure 1 shows schematically, in cross section, a conventional profiled purlin (1) with a straight I-section intended to support an exterior wall (2) of a building. This purlin (1), for example and preferably obtained by cold profiling, comprises two parallel soles, respectively exterior (3) and interior (4), and a core (5) which joins said two soles, the exterior sole (3 ) against which is applied the wall to be supported being surplus to this wall, for example by self-tapping screws shown diagrammatically by the centerline (6), and the insole (4), in danger of buckling as shown diagrammatically by the arrow (10), resting on at least two supports (7).

Le profil de cette panne (1) est symétrique par rapport au plan (8), parallèle à la paroi (2) à supporter, qui passe par la fibre neutre (9) située à mi-hauteur du profil (1).The profile of this breakdown (1) is symmetrical with respect to the plane (8), parallel to the wall (2) to be supported, which passes through the neutral fiber (9) located halfway up the profile (1).

On sait que la répartition des contraintes, dans cette section symétrique (1) soumise à une sollicitation de flexion, s'effectue suivant le diagramme bi-triangulaire représenté à la figure 2.We know that the distribution of the stresses, in this symmetrical section (1) subjected to a bending stress, is carried out according to the bi-triangular diagram represented in FIG. 2.

Les figures 3a, 3b, 4a et 4b illustrent schématiquement les moyens employés pour créer la continuité sur appuis des pannes profilées, à section droite en I et à section droite en Z respectivement.Figures 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b schematically illustrate the means used to create continuity on the support of profiled purlins, with a straight section in I and a straight section in Z respectively.

Sur les figures 3a et 3b qui sont, respectivement, une vue de profil et une vue en coupe transversale de la zone d'aboutement de deux pannes (1) en I, la continuité sur les appuis (7) est obtenue au moyen d'une, ou de deux éclisses extérieures (11) dont la hauteur est légèrement inférieure à la hauteur de l'âme (5) de chaque panne (1), l'éclisse ou lesdites éclisses (11) étant soudées sur les âmes des deux pannes (1) aboutées. Dans un autre cas où les pannes à abouter seraient à section droite en C, les éclisses créant la continuité pourraient être extérieures et/ou intérieures à ces pannes, en étant une fois encore soudées sur leurs âmes aboutées.In FIGS. 3a and 3b which are, respectively, a side view and a cross-sectional view of the abutment zone of two purlins (1) at I, continuity on the supports (7) is obtained by means of one or two external ribs (11) the height of which is slightly less than the height of the core (5) of each purlin (1), the splice or said ribs (11) being welded to the cores of the two purlins (1) abutments. In another case where the purlins to be butted would have a cross section at C, the splices creating continuity could be external and / or internal to these purlins, being once again welded to their butted cores.

Sur les figures 4a et 4b qui sont, respectivement, une vue de profil et une vue en coupe transversale de la zone de recouvrement de deux pannes (12) et (13) identiques, à section droite en Z, la continuité sur les appuis (7) et obtenue par emboîtement des semelles formées au niveau des ailes desdites pannes en Z, les largeurs respectives de ces ailes étant telles qu'il existe entre elles une différence à peu près égale à deux fois l'épaisseur de la panne. Ainsi, la continuité de la poutre s'obtient sur l'appui (7) par emboîtement de la semelle étroite de la panne (13) dans la semelle large de la panne (12) et réciproquement par emboîtement de la semelle étroite de la panne (12) dans la semelle large de la panne (13). La poutre obtenue présente donc un doublement de sa section au niveau de chaque appui (7). Dans cette construction correspondant à FR-A-2.088.237, la semelle la plus large de chaque panne (12, 13) est d'une largeur supérieure d'environ 10 %, et tout au plus d'une largeur supérieure de 15 %, à la semelle la moins large.In FIGS. 4a and 4b which are, respectively, a side view and a cross-sectional view of the overlap area of two identical purlins (12) and (13), with a cross section in Z, the continuity on the supports ( 7) and obtained by fitting the flanges formed at the level of the wings of said Z-shaped purlins, the respective widths of these wings being such that there is a difference between them roughly equal to twice the thickness of the purlin. Thus, the continuity of the beam is obtained on the support (7) by fitting the narrow sole of the purlin (13) into the wide sole of the purlin (12) and vice versa by fitting the narrow sole of the purlin (12) in the wide sole of the purlin (13). The beam obtained therefore has a doubling of its section at each support (7). In this construction corresponding to FR-A-2.088.237, the widest sole of each purlin (12, 13) is approximately 10% greater in width, and at most 15% greater in width , with the narrower sole.

Il est à noter que, du fait précisément de l'emboîtement, chaque face de la poutre obtenue est formée d'une alternance de semelles larges et de semelles étroites. Dès lors, dans le calcul des moments de flexion ultimes en travée sous les charges montantes et respectivement descendantes, moments de flexion qui constituent les indices de performance de la poutre, la valeur retenue pour la largeur de chaque semelle est toujours celle de la semelle la plus étroite, et ce pour des raisons évidentes de sécurité.It should be noted that, precisely because of the interlocking, each face of the beam obtained is formed by alternating wide soles and narrow soles. Consequently, in the calculation of the ultimate bending moments in span under the rising and falling loads respectively, bending moments which constitute the performance indices of the beam, the value retained for the width of each sole is always that of the sole la narrower, for obvious security reasons.

Enfin, il a été représenté sur les figures 5a et 5b les contraintes auxquelles peut être soumise une panne, quels que soient à cet égard les moyens assurant sa continuité sur les appuis (7).Finally, it has been shown in Figures 5a and 5b the constraints to which a failure may be subject, whatever in this regard the means ensuring its continuity on the supports (7).

Dans le cas d'une charge (A) allant de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du bâtiment à protéger (figure 5a), charge due éventuellement au poids mort de la paroi si celle-ci est horizontale et éventuellement à la neige, la semelle intérieure (4), du fait de la continuité sur appuis, est comprimée au droit de chaque appui et à proximité de chaque appui, ainsi qu'il est schématisé par un trait fort, tandis que la semelle extérieure (3) est comprimée en milieu de portée, cette dernière compression (également schématisée par un trait fort) ne posant toutefois aucun problème de stabilité puisque la semelle extérieure (3) est attachée par les vis (6) à la paroi (2) à soutenir.In the case of a load (A) going from the outside to the inside of the building to be protected (Figure 5a), load possibly due to the dead weight of the wall if it is horizontal and possibly to snow, the insole (4), due to the continuity on supports, is compressed to the right of each support and close to each support, as shown by a strong line, while the outsole (3) is compressed in mid-range, this last compression (also shown schematically by a strong line), however, poses no stability problem since the outer sole (3) is attached by screws (6) to the wall (2) to be supported.

Dans le cas d'une charge (B) allant de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur du bâtiment à protéger (figure 5b), charge due par exemple au vent qui s'engouffre sous la toiture du bâtiment, la semelle intérieure (4) est cette fois comprimée en milieu de portée, dans la partie centrale entre deux appuis (7), ainsi qu'il est schématisé par un trait fort, tandis que la semelle extérieure (3) est comprimée au droit de chaque appui et à proximité de chaque appui, ainsi qu'il est également schématisé par un trait fort.In the case of a load (B) going from the inside to the outside of the building to be protected (Figure 5b), load due for example to the wind which rushes under the roof of the building, the insole (4) is this time compressed in the middle of the range, in the central part between two supports (7), as shown by a strong line, while the outer sole (3) is compressed at the right of each support and near each support, as it is also diagrammed by a strong line.

Puisque la semelle extérieure (3) est dans tous les cas attachée à la paroi (2) à soutenir, le problème de stabilité latérale ne se pose pas à son niveau ; il n'existe aucun danger de flambement, et par suite cette semelle extérieure peut avoir une largeur minimale, simplement compatible avec une bonne raideur latérale pour limiter les déformations latérales pendant le montage et la mise en place de la paroi et aussi simplement suffisante pour offrir un bon appui aux éléments de la paroi (2) à soutenir.Since the outer sole (3) is in all cases attached to the wall (2) to be supported, the problem of lateral stability does not arise at its level; there is no danger of buckling, and therefore this sole exterior may have a minimum width, simply compatible with good lateral stiffness to limit lateral deformations during assembly and positioning of the wall and also simply sufficient to offer good support to the elements of the wall (2) to be supported.

Au vu de ces conditions, une semelle extérieure (3) d'une largeur de l'ordre de 50 à 70 millimètres sera en général suffisante.In view of these conditions, an outer sole (3) with a width of the order of 50 to 70 millimeters will generally be sufficient.

En revanche, la semelle intérieure (4) qui repose librement sur les appuis (7) est en danger de flambement en chacun de ses points où elle peut être comprimée, c'est-à-dire au droit et à proximité de chaque appui sous les charges descendantes et en milieu de portée ainsi qu'aux deux extrémités de la poutre sous les charges montantes.On the other hand, the insole (4) which rests freely on the supports (7) is in danger of buckling at each of its points where it can be compressed, that is to say at the right and near each support under the downward and mid-span loads as well as at both ends of the beam under the upward loads.

A l'inverse de la réduction possible et préconisée en largeur pour ce qui concerne la semelle extérieure (3), il apparaît fondamental, au vu des constatations qui précèdent, d'élargir la semelle intérieure (4), d'une part pour accroître sa raideur latérale et lui permettre de mieux résister au flambement latéral (10), et d'autre part pour réduire la contrainte qui lui est appliquée en réduisant la distance qui la sépare du centre de gravité ou fibre neutre (9) du profil de panne.Unlike the possible reduction in width recommended for the outer sole (3), it appears fundamental, in view of the above observations, to widen the inner sole (4), on the one hand to increase its lateral stiffness and allow it to better resist lateral buckling (10), and on the other hand to reduce the stress applied to it by reducing the distance which separates it from the center of gravity or neutral fiber (9) of the fault profile .

Si la semelle intérieure (4) est plus large que la semelle extérieure (3), il est en effet clair que l'on abaisse le centre de gravité (14) du profil correspondant vers la semelle intérieure (4).If the inner sole (4) is wider than the outer sole (3), it is indeed clear that the center of gravity (14) is lowered from the corresponding profile towards the inner sole (4).

Les figures 6 à 12 illustrent diverses applications de ces principes aux pannes profilées actuellement commercialisées, par exemple à une panne (15) profilée en I (figure 6), à une panne (19) profilée en C (figure 10), à des pannes (17, 20, 21) profilées en Z (figures 8, 11 et 12), à une panne (16) commercialisée sous la marque "Pannerval" (figure 7) et à une panne (18) commercialisée sous la marque "Propanne" (figure 9).FIGS. 6 to 12 illustrate various applications of these principles to profiled purlins currently marketed, for example to a purlin (15) profiled in I (FIG. 6), to a purl (19) profiled in C (FIG. 10), to purlins (17, 20, 21) Z-shaped (Figures 8, 11 and 12), a breakdown (16) marketed under the brand "Pannerval" (Figure 7) and a breakdown (18) marketed under the brand "Propanne" (figure 9).

Pour toutes les pannes (15 à 21) représentées aux figures 6 à 12, la semelle intérieure (4) est d'épaisseur constante et égale à celle de la semelle extérieure (3) et est d'une largeur continûment et notablement supérieure à celle de la semelle extérieure (3), construction qui aboutit à rendre le profil de panne dissymétrique par rapport à tout plan parallèle à la paroi (2) à supporter.For all the purlins (15 to 21) represented in FIGS. 6 to 12, the insole (4) is of constant thickness and equal to that of the outsole (3) and is of a width continuously and appreciably greater than that of the outer sole (3), a construction which results in making the fault profile asymmetrical with respect to any plane parallel to the wall (2) to be supported.

Avantageusement, la semelle intérieure (4) de chacun de ces types de profil est d'une largeur continûment comprise entre 1,2 et 2 fois la largeur de la semelle extérieure (3), et elle est de préférence d'une largeur continûment comprise entre 1,4 et 1,8 fois la largeur de ladite semelle extérieure.Advantageously, the insole (4) of each of these types of profile is of a width continuously comprised between 1.2 and 2 times the width of the outsole (3), and it is preferably of a width continuously understood between 1.4 and 1.8 times the width of said outer sole.

A la différence de la construction schématisée aux figures 4a et 4b grâce à laquelle la poutre formée présente sur chacune de ses deux faces une alternance de semelles larges et de semelles étroites, l'invention permet de réaliser une poutre dont la semelle intérieure (4) non stabilisée par la paroi (2) est continûment et notablement plus large que la semelle extérieure (3) stabilisée. C'est alors la largeur de cette semelle intérieure (4) de tout profil dissymétrique qui va pouvoir être prise en compte dans le calcul des indices de performances de toutes les pannes conformes à l'invention.Unlike the construction shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4a and 4b, thanks to which the beam formed has on each of its two faces an alternation of wide flanges and narrow flanges, the invention allows to produce a beam whose inner sole (4) not stabilized by the wall (2) is continuously and notably wider than the stabilized outer sole (3). It is then the width of this insole (4) of any asymmetrical profile which will be able to be taken into account in the calculation of the performance indices of all the failures according to the invention.

Le tableau I illustre par les résultats qu'il communique les avantages à mettre en oeuvre l'invention.Table I illustrates by the results that it communicates the advantages of implementing the invention.

Sur ce tableau, la première colonne est réservée au numéro de l'essai, la deuxième colonne donne en millimètres les dimensions de la panne concernée, à savoir successivement sa hauteur, la largeur de sa semelle extérieure (3), la largeur de sa semelle intérieure (4) et l'épaisseur de la tôle profilée pour réaliser la panne, la troisième colonne donne en cm² la section de la panne concernée et enfin la quatrième colonne donne en cm/Kg le moment résistant en travée théorique Mr.In this table, the first column is reserved for the test number, the second column gives in millimeters the dimensions of the purlin concerned, namely successively its height, the width of its outsole (3), the width of its sole. inside (4) and the thickness of the profiled sheet to make the breakdown, the third column gives in cm² the section of the breakdown concerned and finally the fourth column gives in cm / Kg the moment of resistance in theoretical span Mr.

Tous les essais, au nombre de 32, ont été réalisés sur une panne (18) de type "Propanne" obtenue par profilage à froid d'une tôle d'acier dont la limite d'élasticité, commune aux 32 profils testés, est de 400 MégaPascals.All the tests, 32 in number, were carried out on a "Propane" type failure (18) obtained by cold profiling of a steel sheet whose elastic limit, common to the 32 profiles tested, is 400 MegaPascals.

Les essais N°1 à 16 ont été réalisés sur une panne Propanne conventionnelle, symétrique, c'est-à-dire à semelles extérieure et intérieure de même largeur et de même épaisseur, tandis que les essais N°17 à 32 ont été réalisés sur une panne de type Propanne conforme à l'invention, dissymétrique, dont la semelle intérieure est d'une largeur notablement supérieure à celle de la semelle extérieure.Tests No. 1 to 16 were carried out on a conventional propane purlin, symmetrical, that is to say with outer and inner flanges of the same width and the same thickness, while tests No. 17 to 32 were carried out on a Propanne type breakdown in accordance with the invention, asymmetrical, the insole of which is significantly greater in width than that of the outer sole.

Pour tous les essais N°1 à 32, le moment résistant Mr a été calculé sous les charges ascendantes de type B, c'est-à-dire orientées de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur du bâtiment à protéger, en appliquant la méthode de SOKOL parue dans la revue CM N°1-1979, les éléments de couverture (2) étant des bacs de tôle d'acier ondulée vissés en creux d'onde sur la panne support.For all tests N ° 1 to 32, the resistant moment Mr was calculated under the ascending loads of type B, that is to say oriented from the inside towards the outside of the building to be protected, by applying the method of SOKOL published in the journal CM N ° 1-1979, the covering elements (2) being tubs of corrugated sheet steel screwed in the hollow of the wave on the purlin support.

Les valeurs communiquées sur le tableau I font de manière évidente apparaître les avantages de la panne profilée de l'invention par rapport à la panne traditionnelle, le moment résistant à sections égales, soit encore à poids identiques, étant supérieur pour la panne selon l'invention, et, réciproquement, à moments résistants égaux, la panne de l'invention étant de moindre section, c'est-à-dire plus légère, et par suite de prix moins élevé, que la panne traditionnelle qui lui correspond pour ladite valeur du moment résistant.The values communicated in table I clearly show the advantages of the profiled purlin of the invention compared to the traditional purlin, the moment resisting at equal cross-sections, ie still at identical weight, being greater for the purlin according to the invention, and vice versa, at equal resistive moments, the tip of the invention being of smaller cross section, that is to say lighter, and consequently of lower price, than the traditional tip which corresponds to it for said value of the moment resistant.

Pour des sections sensiblement identiques, il est intéressant de comparer les essais 1/18-2/19-3/20-5/21-6/22-7/23-9/24-10/25-11/26-12/27-13/28-14/29-15/30-16/31.For substantially identical sections, it is interesting to compare the tests 1 / 18-2 / 19-3 / 20-5 / 21-6 / 22-7 / 23-9 / 24-10 / 25-11 / 26-12 / 27-13 / 28-14 / 29-15 / 30-16 / 31.

Le moment résistant Mr de la panne conforme à l'invention,

Figure imgb0001
repérée par un chiffre compris entre 17 et 32, est en effet supérieur au moment résistant Mr de la panne traditionnelle qui lui correspond, repérée par un chiffre compris entre 1 et 16, d'une valeur qui, respectivement, est de : 17,3 % ; 14,2 % ; 13,3 % ; 18,5 % ; 15,6 % ; 15,0 % ; 19,1 % ;16,7 % ; 16,5 % ; 15,8 % ; 31,7 % ; 26,6 % ; 26,2 % ; 24,4 %.The resistant moment Mr of the breakdown according to the invention,
Figure imgb0001
identified by a number between 17 and 32, is in fact greater than the resistant moment Mr of the traditional failure which corresponds to it, identified by a number between 1 and 16, with a value which, respectively, is: 17.3 %; 14.2%; 13.3%; 18.5%; 15.6%; 15.0%; 19.1%; 16.7%; 16.5%; 15.8%; 31.7%; 26.6%; 26.2%; 24.4%.

Des comparaisons qui précèdent, il est à observer complémentairement que :

  • l'amélioration de l'effet stabilisateur du profil de panne dissymétrique conforme à l'invention par rapport au profil de panne symétrique traditionnelle est d'autant plus remarquable que la panne concernée est plus haute,
  • pour une panne de même hauteur, l'amélioration de l'effet stabilisateur est d'autant plus importante que l'épaisseur de la tôle est faible.
From the above comparisons, it should also be observed that:
  • the improvement of the stabilizing effect of the asymmetrical fault profile in accordance with the invention compared to the traditional symmetrical fault profile is all the more remarkable the higher the fault concerned,
  • for a failure of the same height, the improvement in the stabilizing effect is all the more important the smaller the thickness of the sheet.

Il est également significatif de comparer les caractéristiques géométriques des pannes dissymétriques de l'invention et des pannes symétriques traditionnelles qui, formées à partir d'une tôle de même épaisseur, permettent d'obtenir des valeurs de moment résistant sensiblement identiques. Il est en particulier intéressant de comparer les essais 4/20-8/23-13/24-15/26 et 16/27.It is also significant to compare the geometric characteristics of the asymmetrical purlins of the invention and of the traditional symmetrical purlins which, formed from a sheet of the same thickness, make it possible to obtain values of substantially identical resistance moment. It is in particular interesting to compare tests 4 / 20-8 / 23-13 / 24-15 / 26 and 16/27.

De ces cinq comparaisons, il se déduit que, à moments résistants égaux, la section de la panne conforme à l'invention, et par suite le poids de cette panne, est inférieure à la section et respectivement au poids de la panne traditionnelle de : 6,1 % ; 6,4 % ; 7,1 % ; 6,3 % ; 6,5 %.From these five comparisons, it follows that, at equal resistive moments, the section of the purlin according to the invention, and consequently the weight of this purlin, is less than the section and respectively the weight of the traditional purlin by: 6.1%; 6.4%; 7.1%; 6.3%; 6.5%.

La comparaison entre les essais 1 et 17 est également particulièrement édifiante. Pour des valeurs de moments résistants sensiblement égales, et les deux pannes étant réalisées à partir d'une tôle de même épaisseur, il est remarquable de noter qu'il suffit de concevoir une panne conforme à l'invention dont la semelle extérieure a une largeur abaissée de 60 à 50 millimètres, toutes choses restant égales par ailleurs. Cette observation est bien la preuve de la non évidence de la présente invention puisque rien n'est a priori plus simple que de diminuer la largeur d'une des deux semelles d'un profil si par ailleurs on sait que les caractéristiques mécaniques de ce profil ne changent pas.The comparison between tests 1 and 17 is also particularly edifying. For values of substantially equal resistive moments, and the two purlins being produced from a sheet of the same thickness, it is remarkable to note that it suffices to design a purlin in accordance with the invention whose outer sole has a width lowered from 60 to 50 millimeters, all other things being equal. This observation is proof of the non obviousness of the present invention since nothing is a priori simpler than reducing the width of one of the two flanges of a profile if, moreover, we know that the mechanical characteristics of this profile do not change.

La comparaison entre les essais 15 et 32 est également particulièrement édifiante. On voit en effet que la panne de l'invention correspondant à l'essai 32 présente sensiblement la même valeur de moment résistant Mr que la panne traditionnelle correspondant à l'essai 15 tout en étant plus fine (2 millimètres au lieu de 2,5 millimètres) et d'une section et par suite d'un poids considérablement réduit (8,576 cm² au lieu de 10,540 cm²).The comparison between tests 15 and 32 is also particularly edifying. It is seen in fact that the failure of the invention corresponding to test 32 has substantially the same value of resistance moment Mr as the traditional failure corresponding to test 15 while being finer (2 millimeters instead of 2.5 millimeters) and of a section and as a result of a considerably reduced weight (8.576 cm² instead of 10.540 cm²).

Naturellement, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode d'application non plus qu'aux modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits ci-dessus et l'on peut concevoir diverses variantes sans sortir pour autant du cadre de ladite invention. Il en est ainsi notamment des dispositions relatives des deux semelles (3, 4). Pour chacune des pannes (15, et 18 à 21) représentées aux figures 6, et 9 à 12, la semelle intérieure (4) est centrée sous la semelle extérieure (3), en sorte que les axes de symétrie longitudinaux desdites semelles, respectivement (22) et (23), appartiennent à un plan perpendiculaire aux deux semelles. Pour chacune des pannes (16 et 17) représentées aux figures 7 et 8, l'âme (5) est prévue perpendiculaire aux deux semelles (3, 4) en sorte que, cette fois, les axes de symétrie longitudinaux desdites semelles, respectivement (24) et (25), appartiennent à un plan qui forme avec chacune des deux semelles un angle différent de 90°.Naturally, the invention is not limited to the mode of application no more than to the embodiments which have been described above and it is possible to conceive of various variants without departing from the scope of said invention. This is particularly the case with the relative arrangements of the two soles (3, 4). For each of the purlins (15, and 18 to 21) shown in FIGS. 6, and 9 to 12, the insole (4) is centered under the outsole (3), so that the longitudinal axes of symmetry of said soles, respectively (22) and (23) belong to a plane perpendicular to the two soles. For each of the purlins (16 and 17) shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the core (5) is provided perpendicular to the two flanges (3, 4) so that, this time, the longitudinal axes of symmetry of said flanges, respectively ( 24) and (25), belong to a plane which forms with each of the two flanges an angle different from 90 °.

Il est bien clair toutefois, et pour exemples non limitatifs, que :

  • pour la panne (16) commercialisée sous la marque Pannerval, la semelle intérieure (4) peut être centrée sous la semelle extérieure (3) par une simple modification du profil de l'âme (5) et/ou du profil des nervures (26),
  • à l'inverse, et par exemple pour la panne (18) ou pour la panne (19), la semelle intérieure (4) peut être décalée par rapport à la semelle extérieure (3), vers la droite en prenant pour références les sections représentées aux figures 9 et 10, en sorte que le bord longitudinal gauche (27) de la semelle extérieure soit situé exactement à l'aplomb du bord longitudinal gauche (28) de la semelle intérieure ; dans ce cas, le plan passant par les axes de symétrie longitudinaux des semelles (3, 4) des pannes (18, 19) formera avec chacune desdites semelles un angle différent de 90°.
It is quite clear, however, and for non-limiting examples, that:
  • for the purlin (16) marketed under the Pannerval brand, the insole (4) can be centered under the outsole (3) by a simple modification of the profile of the core (5) and / or of the profile of the ribs (26 ),
  • conversely, and for example for the purlin (18) or for the purlin (19), the insole (4) can be offset with respect to the outsole (3), to the right, taking the sections as references shown in Figures 9 and 10, so that the left longitudinal edge (27) of the outsole is located exactly in line with the left longitudinal edge (28) of the insole; in this case, the plane passing through the longitudinal axes of symmetry of the soles (3, 4) of the purlins (18, 19) will form with each of said soles an angle different from 90 °.

Claims (5)

  1. Assembly composed of an external building wall, such as a roof or cladding, and of a sectional metal purlin supporting said wall, said purlin being of the type comprising two flanges, an outer flange (3) and an inner flange (4) respectively, which are parallel and equal in thickness, and a web (5) joining said two flanges to one another, the outer flange (3), against which the wall (2) to be supported is applied, being in addition fastened to said wall, for example by means of self-tapping screws (6), and the inner flange (4), which is in danger of buckling, resting longitudinally on at least two supports (7), characterised in that the inner flange (4) of the purlin has a width continuously included between 1.2 and 2 times the width of the outer flange (3).
  2. Assembly according to Claim 1, characterised in that the inner flange (4) of the purlin has a width continuously included between 1.4 and 1.8 times the width of the outer flange (3).
  3. Assembly according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the longitudinal axes of symmetry (22, 23) of the outer and inner flanges (3) and (4) respectively of the purlin belong to a plane a right angles to said flanges.
  4. Assembly according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the longitudinal axes of symmetry (24, 25) of the outer and inner flanges (3) and (4) respectively of the purlin belong to a plane which forms an angle different from 90° with each of said flanges.
  5. Assembly according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the purlin is produced by cold forming.
EP89401278A 1988-05-05 1989-05-05 Assembly consisting of an exterior building wall such as a roof covering or cladding and a metal rail section for supporting the same Expired - Lifetime EP0342114B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89401278T ATE79916T1 (en) 1988-05-05 1989-05-05 ASSEMBLY CONSISTING OF AN EXTERIOR WALL OF A BUILDING SUCH AS A ROOF OR FACADE PANELING AND A METAL RAIL TO SUPPORT THEM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8806063 1988-05-05
FR8806063A FR2631057B1 (en) 1988-05-05 1988-05-05 SUPPORT PROFILE OF A WALL, AND IN PARTICULAR OF AN OUTSIDE WALL OF A BUILDING SUCH AS A COVERING OR CLADDING

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EP0342114A1 EP0342114A1 (en) 1989-11-15
EP0342114B1 true EP0342114B1 (en) 1992-08-26

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SE9904864D0 (en) * 1999-12-30 1999-12-30 Plannja Ab Wall rule of folded sheet metal
PL3529426T3 (en) * 2016-10-17 2021-11-02 Burkhart Schurig Wall construction system comprising drywall construction combination profiled sections, and method for constructing a wall
CN108086466A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-05-29 惠州市广源钢结构工程有限公司 A kind of high steel construction of yield limit intensity and its method of work

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FR2088237A1 (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-01-07 Rigault Ets
GB1562688A (en) * 1975-11-13 1980-03-12 Ward Bros Ltd Lightweight buildings
DE2631213A1 (en) * 1976-07-12 1978-01-19 Grebau Greschbach Ind ROOF FAT
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ATE79916T1 (en) 1992-09-15
EP0342114A1 (en) 1989-11-15
DE68902577D1 (en) 1992-10-01
DE68902577T2 (en) 1993-04-15

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