EP0332187B1 - Press tongs, in particular for briquetting machines - Google Patents

Press tongs, in particular for briquetting machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0332187B1
EP0332187B1 EP89104186A EP89104186A EP0332187B1 EP 0332187 B1 EP0332187 B1 EP 0332187B1 EP 89104186 A EP89104186 A EP 89104186A EP 89104186 A EP89104186 A EP 89104186A EP 0332187 B1 EP0332187 B1 EP 0332187B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jaw
actuator
jaws
tongs according
tongs
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP89104186A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0332187A1 (en
Inventor
Waldemar Adelmann
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ADELMANN AG TE KARLSTADT, BONDSREPUBLIEK DUITSLAND
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ADELMANN AG
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Priority to AT89104186T priority Critical patent/ATE82549T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/224—Extrusion chambers
    • B30B11/225—Extrusion chambers with adjustable outlet opening

Definitions

  • the invention relates to pressing tongs, in particular for briquetting presses with at least two jaws, which form the passage cross section for the material to be pressed, at least one of which is essentially radially adjustable for changing the passage cross section and which is connected to an actuator which engages approximately in the center and which Jaws is swinging attached to the point of application of the actuator.
  • Crimping pliers are generally known and are used in the compression and briquetting of a large number of substances, in particular waste materials, such as dust and chips from wood and plastic, Straw, paper, textiles, plant waste, etc. are used.
  • waste materials such as dust and chips from wood and plastic, Straw, paper, textiles, plant waste, etc.
  • the material is fed to a briquetting press working as a piston extrusion press, the material to be pressed is first compressed, pushed out in the form of a strand and fed to the pressing tongs. Then a further compression takes place in that the movement of the extruded material is opposed to resistance, the properties of the finished briquette being influenced and determined by appropriate adjustment of the pressing tongs.
  • a device of the generic type is known from DE-C 537 885, in which a jaw is arranged to be movable relative to the pressing tongs, the jaws being pressed permanently against the pressing tongs. There is therefore no change in the passage cross section during operation.
  • At least one jaw of the pressing tongs is movably mounted in order to make the passage cross section changeable.
  • this jaw is fastened about a pivot axis which runs in the manner of a segment with respect to the passage and is more or less pressed down by an actuator acting behind it.
  • the incoming material to be pressed is forced in the area of the swivel axis by a comparatively narrow cross section in the entrance area of the pressing tongs, which results in a very high wear of the pressing tongs in this area.
  • the inlet cross section is additionally narrowed by the outer, then inwardly moving, edges of the jaw. Due to this narrowing increases the pressing pressure on, which can lead to complete blockage and switching off the drive motor.
  • the briquetting press is switched on again, since the material to be pressed, which first reaches the pressing tongs and is cooled in the pressing tools, is then particularly solidified, often leading to starting difficulties and damage to the machine.
  • the invention has the task of improving such pressing tongs in such a way that the same density of the finished briquette can be achieved despite different materials and inhomogeneous pressing material.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that a force acting in the opening direction acts on the jaw on the inlet side and the actuator increases the passage cross section as the flow resistance increases.
  • the jaw experiences a force which acts essentially in the radial direction on the center of the passage cross-section, by means of which the compression of the material to be pressed takes place.
  • the connection between the jaws and the actuator is pivotable, so that a pendulum movement is possible. It allows adaptation to passage cross sections that change over the entire length of the pressing tongs. If there are areas of higher material density within the pressing tongs, this can be due to the pendulum movement alone during the passage of the pressing tongs, a compensating movement takes place in the sense of a larger cross section in this area. The result is a briquette of homogeneous density, but with slight changes in diameter.
  • One jaw is adjustable in the radial direction, but is held in place in the axial direction.
  • One possible implementation is the attachment of a bolt that engages in the fixed jaws. Carrying in the direction of movement of the pressed material is then definitely excluded.
  • a force opening the jaws acts on the inlet side.
  • the actuator there is a balance between the force exerted on the jaws by the actuator and, on the other hand, the sum of the opposing forces generated from the press material being pressed and the counter-forces on the inlet side.
  • the control of the actuator is designed so that it increases the passage cross section with increasing flow resistance. Conversely, a reduction in the flow cross section should occur with a lower flow resistance.
  • the actuator is controlled according to the flow resistance and thus depending on the load. With a high density of the material to be pressed, the flow resistance increases.
  • the advantages achievable by the invention consist in the possibility of adapting to different densities of pressed material and the homogenization of the briquette by changing the strand diameter. Compared to conventional machines, the control range is significantly enlarged and the possible uses with regard to the different materials are expanded. Above all, overloading, stalling or damaging the machine is largely avoided by opening on the inlet side when the engine is switched on, wear is considerably reduced, which extends the service life accordingly.
  • the movement of the jaw outwards is limited by a stop.
  • the stop is on the inlet side, it is limited by the force acting there in the opening direction.
  • the rounding of the contact surface of the stop is advantageous because a large-area contact and a corresponding flow of force is then possible. It is preferred to have the center of curvature of the rounding of the contact surface coincide with the axis of rotation of the jaw with the opening on the input side being at its maximum.
  • Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or threaded spindles or springs can be used as actuators find, which must be axially displaceable to change the force exerted in the latter case.
  • actuators find, which must be axially displaceable to change the force exerted in the latter case.
  • springs is particularly preferred.
  • a cylinder 3 which transmits a force essentially in the radial direction via a bolt 4. It moves the upper jaw 2 in the radial direction and thereby changes the passage cross section.
  • the function of the bolt 4 is to allow a pendulum movement of the upper jaw 2 in order to be able to compensate for local fluctuations in density of the material to be pressed.
  • a pressing pliers pin 5 is fastened to the upper jaw 2, which engages in a correspondingly vertically extending slot 6 in the lower jaw 1 and is displaceable.
  • the vertical mobility is also necessary because the springs 7, which are supported on the lower jaw 1, bear against the upper jaw 2 or the pressing tongs 5 and act in the opening direction.
  • the springs 7 ensure that the pressing tongs are always open on the input side to better accommodate the material to be conveyed which is conveyed in the direction of the arrow.
  • the amplitude of the displacement occurring radially outwards by the springs 7 is limited by an adjustable stop 8.
  • the contact surface 9 is rounded, preferably in the form of a Circular arc, the center of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the jaw 2 around the pressing pin 5.
  • the particularly endangered inlet-side edges of the passage cross section are equipped with sealing shells 10 and wear strips 11.
  • the result is a pressing tongs that allows the production of briquettes of homogeneous density, even with different materials and inhomogeneous material to be pressed, with a longer service life.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Abstract

Press tongs consisting of at least two jaws (1, 2), which form the passage cross-section for goods to be pressed, it being possible for the passage cross-section to be altered by means of a radially adjustable jaw (2) which is connected to an adjusting member. It is proposed that the adjusting member engages approximately centrally, the jaw (2) is fastened in a swinging manner about the point of application of the adjusting member, and a force acting in the opening direction is applied on the inlet side. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Preßzange insbesondere für Brikettierpressen mit mindestens zwei Backen, die den Durchlaßquerschnitt für das Preßgut bilden, von denen wenigstens eine zum Verändern des Durchlaßquerschnitts im wesentlichen radial verstellbar ist und die mit einem Stellglied in Verbindung steht, das in etwa mittig angreift sowie der Backen um den Angriffspunkt des Stellgliedes pendelnd befestigt ist.The invention relates to pressing tongs, in particular for briquetting presses with at least two jaws, which form the passage cross section for the material to be pressed, at least one of which is essentially radially adjustable for changing the passage cross section and which is connected to an actuator which engages approximately in the center and which Jaws is swinging attached to the point of application of the actuator.

Preßzangen sind allgemein bekannt und werden bei der Verdichtung und Brikettierung einer Vielzahl von Stoffen, insbesondere Abfallstoffe, wie beispielsweise Staub und Spänen aus Holz und Kunststoff,
Stroh, Papier, Textilien, Pflanzenabfälle usw. eingesetzt. Hierzu wird als Material einer als Kolbenstrangpresse arbeitenden Brikettierpresse zugeführt, das Pressgut zunächst verdichtet, in Form eines Stranges ausgeschoben und der Preßzange zugeführt.
Dann erfolgt eine weitere Verdichtung dadurch, daß der Bewegung des strangförmigen Preßgutes ein Widerstand entgegengesetzt wird, wobei die Eigenschaften des fertigen Briketts durch entsprechende Einstellung der Preßzange beeinflußt und bestimmt wird.Crimping pliers are generally known and are used in the compression and briquetting of a large number of substances, in particular waste materials, such as dust and chips from wood and plastic,
Straw, paper, textiles, plant waste, etc. are used. For this purpose, the material is fed to a briquetting press working as a piston extrusion press, the material to be pressed is first compressed, pushed out in the form of a strand and fed to the pressing tongs.
Then a further compression takes place in that the movement of the extruded material is opposed to resistance, the properties of the finished briquette being influenced and determined by appropriate adjustment of the pressing tongs.

Eine Vorrichtung gattungsgemäßer Art ist aus der DE-C 537 885 bekannt, bei der ein Backen relativ zur Preßzange bewegbar angeordnet ist, wobei der Backen permanent gegen die Preßzange angedrückt wird. Eine Veränderung des Durchlaßquerschnittes während des Betriebes erfolgt demnach nicht.A device of the generic type is known from DE-C 537 885, in which a jaw is arranged to be movable relative to the pressing tongs, the jaws being pressed permanently against the pressing tongs. There is therefore no change in the passage cross section during operation.

Um trotz Schwankungen in der Zusammensetzung, Verdichtbarkeit und den Gleiteigenschaften des Preßgutes ein homogenes Endprodukt zu erreichen, ist wenigstens eine Backe der Preßzange bewegbar gelagert, um den Durchlaßquerschnitt veränderbar zu gestalten. Hierzu ist diese Backe um eine im Bezug auf den Durchlaß segmentartig verlaufende Schwenkachse befestigt und über ein dahinter angreifendes Stellglied mehr oder weniger nach unten gepreßt. Bei Erhöhung des Drucks des Preßgutes wird der durch die Backen gebildete Durchlaßquerschnitt vergrößert. Umgekehrt wird bei Druckabnahme der Querschnitt verkleinert, so daß man über die Querschnittsveränderung einen Druckausgleich und als Resultat davon eine gleichmäßige Verdichtung des Preßstranges erhält. Bei derartigen Konstruktionen wird im Eingangsbereich der Preßzange das ankommende Preßgut im Bereich der Schwenkachse durch einen vergleichsweise engen Querschnitt gezwungen, was in diesem Bereich einen sehr hohen Verschleiß der Preßzange zur Folge hat. Insbesondere bei hochverdichtetem Preßgut, d.h. bei ausgangsseitig sich öffnender Zange wird der Einlaßquerschnitt durch die äußeren, dann nach innen zu sich bewegenden Berandungen der Backe zusätzlich noch verengt. Bedingt durch diese Verengung steigt der Preßdruck an, was zur völligen Blockade und zum Ausschalten des Antriebsmotors führen kann. Ähnliches gilt auch bei erneutem Einschalten der Brikettierpresse, da das als erstes die Preßzange erreichende, in den Preßwerkzeugen abgekühlte Preßgut dann besonders verfestigt ist, häufig zu Anlaufschwierigkeiten und Schäden an der Maschine führt.In order to achieve a homogeneous end product despite fluctuations in the composition, compactibility and the sliding properties of the pressed material, at least one jaw of the pressing tongs is movably mounted in order to make the passage cross section changeable. For this purpose, this jaw is fastened about a pivot axis which runs in the manner of a segment with respect to the passage and is more or less pressed down by an actuator acting behind it. When the pressure of the material to be pressed increases, the passage cross section formed by the jaws is increased. Conversely, when the pressure decreases, the cross-section is reduced, so that pressure compensation and, as a result, uniform compression of the press strand is obtained via the change in cross-section. In the case of such constructions, the incoming material to be pressed is forced in the area of the swivel axis by a comparatively narrow cross section in the entrance area of the pressing tongs, which results in a very high wear of the pressing tongs in this area. In particular in the case of highly compressed pressed material, that is to say when the tongs open on the outlet side, the inlet cross section is additionally narrowed by the outer, then inwardly moving, edges of the jaw. Due to this narrowing increases the pressing pressure on, which can lead to complete blockage and switching off the drive motor. The same applies when the briquetting press is switched on again, since the material to be pressed, which first reaches the pressing tongs and is cooled in the pressing tools, is then particularly solidified, often leading to starting difficulties and damage to the machine.

Aus diesen Gründen hat sich die Erfindung die Verbesserung derartiger Preßzangen dahingehend zur Aufgabe gemacht, daß trotz unterschiedlicher Materialien und inhomogenen Preßgutes die gleiche Dichte des fertigen Briketts erzielt werden kann.For these reasons, the invention has the task of improving such pressing tongs in such a way that the same density of the finished briquette can be achieved despite different materials and inhomogeneous pressing material.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß daß am Backen einlaßseitig eine im Öffnungssinn wirkende Kraft angreift und das Stellglied bei sich erhöhendem Durchflußwiderstand den Durchlaßquerschnitt vergrößert.This object is achieved according to the invention in that a force acting in the opening direction acts on the jaw on the inlet side and the actuator increases the passage cross section as the flow resistance increases.

Der Backen erfährt durch das Stellglied eine im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung auf das Zentrum des Durchlaßquerschnitts zu wirkende Kraft, durch die letztlich die Verdichtung des beaufschlagten Preßgutes erfolgt. Die Verbindung zwischen Backen und Stellglied ist schwenkbar ausgebildet, so daß eine Pendelbewegung möglich wird. Sie gestattet die Anpassung an über die gesamte Länge der Preßzange sich ändernde Durchlaßquerschnitte. Befinden sich innerhalb der Preßzange Bereiche höherer Materialdichte, kann allein aufgrund der Pendelbewegung während des Durchlaufens der Preßzange eine Ausgleichsbewegung im Sinne eines in diesem Bereich größeren Querschnittes erfolgen. Das Ergebnis ist ein Brikett homogener Dichte, jedoch mit geringfügigen Änderungen des Durchmessers. Dabei ist eine Backe in radialer Richtung verstellbar, in axialer Richtung hingegen festgehalten. Eine mögliche Reali sierung ist die Anbringung eines in den raumfesten Backen eingreifenden Bolzens. Eine Mitführung in Be wegungsrichtung des Preßgutes ist dann mit Sicherheit ausgeschlossen.The jaw experiences a force which acts essentially in the radial direction on the center of the passage cross-section, by means of which the compression of the material to be pressed takes place. The connection between the jaws and the actuator is pivotable, so that a pendulum movement is possible. It allows adaptation to passage cross sections that change over the entire length of the pressing tongs. If there are areas of higher material density within the pressing tongs, this can be due to the pendulum movement alone during the passage of the pressing tongs, a compensating movement takes place in the sense of a larger cross section in this area. The result is a briquette of homogeneous density, but with slight changes in diameter. One jaw is adjustable in the radial direction, but is held in place in the axial direction. One possible implementation is the attachment of a bolt that engages in the fixed jaws. Carrying in the direction of movement of the pressed material is then definitely excluded.

Einlaßseitig wirkt eine den Backen öffnende Kraft. Während des Betriebes herrscht ein Gleichgewicht zwischen dem durch das Stellglied auf den Backen ausgeübte Kraft und andererseits der Summe der aus dem beaufschlagten Preßgut erzeugten und der einlaßseitigen Gegenkräfte.A force opening the jaws acts on the inlet side. During operation, there is a balance between the force exerted on the jaws by the actuator and, on the other hand, the sum of the opposing forces generated from the press material being pressed and the counter-forces on the inlet side.

Bei geringer Kraftausübung mit Hilfe des Stellgliedes ist der Backen einlaßseitig weit geöffnet. Dies hat den entscheidenden Vorteil, daß bei erneutem Einschalten das gerade zu Beginn des Preßstranges befindliche Preßgut besonders problemlos in die Preßzange gelangen kann. Die besondere Bedeutung besteht darin zu vermeiden, daß das mit Einschalten anfänglich die Preßzange erreichende Preßgut in besonderer Weise hart und verfestigt ist, sich leicht einlaßseitig in der Preßzange verklemmt und die Maschine zum Stillstand bringt oder in besonders häufiger Weise Verschleißschäden am Preßzangen-Oberteil bedingt.When the force is exerted with the aid of the actuator, the jaws are wide open on the inlet side. This has the decisive advantage that the material to be pressed, which is just at the beginning of the extrusion, can get into the pressing tongs particularly easily when it is switched on again. The particular importance is to avoid that the material to be pressed which initially reaches the pressing tongs when it is switched on is hard and solidified, is easily jammed in the pressing tongs on the inlet side and brings the machine to a standstill or, in a particularly frequent manner, causes wear damage to the pressing tongs upper part.

Die Steuerung des Stellgliedes ist so ausgelegt,daß sie den Durchlaßquerschnitt bei sich erhöhendem Durchflußwiderstand vergrößert. Umgekehrt soll bei geringerem Durchflußwiderstand eine Verkleinerung des Durchflußquerschnittes eintreten. Das Stellglied wird entsprechend dem Durchflußwiderstand und damit lastabhängig gesteuert. Bei hoher Dichte des Preßgutes vergrößert sich der Durchflußwiderstand.
Die durch die Erfindung erreichbaren Vorteile bestehen in der Möglichkeit der Anpassung an unterschiedliche Preßgutdichten und der Homogenisierung des Brikettes über die Änderung des Strangdurchmessers. Gegenüber herkömmlichen Maschinen wird der Regelbereich wesentlich vergrößert sowie die Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Hinblick auf die verschiedenen Materialien erweitert. Vor allem wird durch das einlaßseitige Öffnen im Einschaltmoment ein Überlasten, Abwürgen oder Beschädigen der Maschine weitgehendst vermieden, der Verschleiß wird erheblich reduziert, was die Lebensdauer entsprechend verlängert.The control of the actuator is designed so that it increases the passage cross section with increasing flow resistance. Conversely, a reduction in the flow cross section should occur with a lower flow resistance. The actuator is controlled according to the flow resistance and thus depending on the load. With a high density of the material to be pressed, the flow resistance increases.
The advantages achievable by the invention consist in the possibility of adapting to different densities of pressed material and the homogenization of the briquette by changing the strand diameter. Compared to conventional machines, the control range is significantly enlarged and the possible uses with regard to the different materials are expanded. Above all, overloading, stalling or damaging the machine is largely avoided by opening on the inlet side when the engine is switched on, wear is considerably reduced, which extends the service life accordingly.

Bevorzugt ist, den Durchflußwiderstand mittelbar dadurch zu erfassen, daß die Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebsmotors erfaßt und zur Steuerung des Stellgliedes benutzt wird. Hierbei macht man sich zunutze, daß eine Vergrößerung des Durchflußwiderstandes eine Erhöhung der Leistungsaufnahme des Antriebsmotors bewirkt, bzw. sich in einer höheren Belastung bemerkbar macht. Die unmittelbare Erfassung des Durchflußwiderstandes ist dann nicht erforderlich.It is preferred to detect the flow resistance indirectly by detecting the power consumption of the drive motor and using it to control the actuator. This takes advantage of the fact that an increase in the flow resistance causes an increase in the power consumption of the drive motor or is noticeable in a higher load. The direct detection of the flow resistance is then not necessary.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist die Bewegung des Backens nach außen über einen Anschlag begrenzt. Für den Fall, daß sich der Anschlag einlaßseitig befindet, wird sie durch die dort im Öffnungssinne wirkende Kraft anschlagmäßig begrenzt.In an advantageous embodiment, the movement of the jaw outwards is limited by a stop. In the event that the stop is on the inlet side, it is limited by the force acting there in the opening direction.

Mit Erreichen des Anschlages ergeben sich in kinematischer Hinsicht etwa die gleichen, bei den bisher bekannten Preßzangen bereits vorliegende Verhältnisse.When the stop is reached, there are approximately the same kinematic conditions that are already present in the previously known pressing tongs.

Aufgrund der Pendelbewegungen des Backens und der unter Einwirkung des Stellgliedes radialen Verschiebung ist die Rundung der Kontaktfläche des Anschlages von Vorteil, weil dann eine großflächige Anlage und ein entsprechender Kraftfluß möglich wird. Bevorzugt ist, den Krümmungsmittelpunkt der Rundung der Kontaktfläche mit der Drehachse des Backens bei eingangsseitig maximaler Öffnung zusammenfallen zu lassen.Due to the pendulum movements of the jaws and the radial displacement under the action of the actuator, the rounding of the contact surface of the stop is advantageous because a large-area contact and a corresponding flow of force is then possible. It is preferred to have the center of curvature of the rounding of the contact surface coincide with the axis of rotation of the jaw with the opening on the input side being at its maximum.

Als Stellglied können Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikzylinder oder Gewindespindeln oder Federn Verwendung finden, die im letzteren Fall zur Änderung der ausgeübten Kraft axial verschiebbar sein müssen. Ähnliches gilt für die Realisierung der einlaßseitigen Kraft, wobei die Verwendung von Federn jedoch besonders bevorzugt ist.Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or threaded spindles or springs can be used as actuators find, which must be axially displaceable to change the force exerted in the latter case. The same applies to the implementation of the intake-side force, but the use of springs is particularly preferred.

Schließlich wird noch zur weiteren Verminderung des Veschleißes und zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer vorgeschlagen, die Backen zumindest einlaßseitig mit Verschließschalen und/oder -leisten auszurüsten oder mit Keramikmaterial bzw. Hartmetall auszukleiden. Die Verschleißleisten bieten den Vorteil, daß sie herausgenommen, gedreht und erneut eingesetzt werden können, so daß bis zum erforderlichen Austausch eine vierfache Lebensdauer erreichbar wird. Keramikmaterial ist bekanntermaßen verschleißfest und eignet sich in besonderer Weise für Bearbeitungsverfahren, die hohe Anforderungen an die Verschleißfestigkeit der Werkzeuge stellen.Finally, in order to further reduce wear and to increase the service life, it is proposed to equip the jaws with closure shells and / or strips at least on the inlet side or to line them with ceramic material or hard metal. The wear strips offer the advantage that they can be removed, rotated and reinserted, so that a fourfold lifespan can be achieved until the required replacement. Ceramic material is known to be wear-resistant and is particularly suitable for machining processes that place high demands on the wear resistance of the tools.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung lassen sich dem nachfolgenden Beschreibungsteil entnehmen, in dem anhand der Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert wird. Es zeigen in prinzipienhafter Darstellung:

Figur 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Preßzange in Seitenansicht
Figur 2
die Preßzange gemäß Figur 1 in Vorderansicht.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In principle, they show:
Figure 1
a pressing tongs according to the invention in side view
Figure 2
the crimping pliers according to Figure 1 in front view.

Sie besteht in ihrem prinzipiellen Aufbau aus einer unteren, raumfesten Backe 1 und einer oberen, hiergegen relativ bewegbaren Backe 2. Die Preßzange in ihrer Gesamtheit wird im wesentlichen durch diese beiden Backen 1,2 gebildet, die in ihrem Abstand den vom Preßgut zu durchlaufenden Durchlaßquerschnitt definieren.Its basic structure consists of a lower, fixed jaw 1 and an upper, against this, relatively movable jaw 2. The pressing tongs in their entirety are essentially formed by these two jaws 1, 2, which define the passage cross-section to be traversed by the material to be pressed.

In der Mitte über der oberen Backe 2 befindet sich ein Zylinder 3, der über einen Bolzen 4 im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung eine Kraft überträgt. Sie verschiebt die obere Backe 2 in radialer Richtung und ändert hierdurch den Durchlaßquerschnitt. Neben der Kraftübertragung besteht die Funktion des Bolzens 4 darin, eine Pendelbewegung der oberen Backe 2 zuzulassen, um hierdurch lokale Dichteschwankungen des Preßgutes ausgleichen zu können. Um trotz radialer Bewegung eine Verschiebung in Förderrichtung zu unterbinden, ist an der oberen Backe 2 ein Preßzangenbolzen 5 befestigt, der in einen entsprechend vertikal verlaufenden Schlitz 6 in der unteren Backe 1 eingreift und verschieblich ist.In the middle above the upper jaw 2 there is a cylinder 3 which transmits a force essentially in the radial direction via a bolt 4. It moves the upper jaw 2 in the radial direction and thereby changes the passage cross section. In addition to the power transmission, the function of the bolt 4 is to allow a pendulum movement of the upper jaw 2 in order to be able to compensate for local fluctuations in density of the material to be pressed. In order to prevent a shift in the conveying direction despite radial movement, a pressing pliers pin 5 is fastened to the upper jaw 2, which engages in a correspondingly vertically extending slot 6 in the lower jaw 1 and is displaceable.

Die vertikale Beweglichkeit ist auch deshalb erforderlich, da die auf der unteren Backe 1 sich abstützenden Federn 7 an der oberen Backe 2 bzw. dem Preßzangenbolzen 5 anliegen und im Öffnungssinne wirken. Die Federn 7 stellen sicher, daß die Preßzange eingangsseitig zur besseren Aufnahme des in Pfeilrichtung geförderten Preßgutes stets geöffnet ist. Die durch die Federn 7 radial nach außen erfolgende Verschiebung wird in ihrer Amplitude durch einen verstellbaren Anschlag 8 begrenzt. Zur Erreichung einer großflächigen Kraftübertragung in den unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen des oberen Backens 2 ist die Kontaktfläche 9 gerundet und zwar vorzugsweise in Form eines Kreisbogens, dessen Mittelpunkt mit der Achse der Drehung des Backens 2 um den Preßzangenbolzen 5 zusammenfällt.The vertical mobility is also necessary because the springs 7, which are supported on the lower jaw 1, bear against the upper jaw 2 or the pressing tongs 5 and act in the opening direction. The springs 7 ensure that the pressing tongs are always open on the input side to better accommodate the material to be conveyed which is conveyed in the direction of the arrow. The amplitude of the displacement occurring radially outwards by the springs 7 is limited by an adjustable stop 8. To achieve a large-area power transmission in the different operating positions of the upper jaw 2, the contact surface 9 is rounded, preferably in the form of a Circular arc, the center of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the jaw 2 around the pressing pin 5.

Zur Verhinderung frühzeitigen Verschleißes und zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer sind die besonders gefährdeten einlaßseitigen Berandungen des Durchlaßquerschnittes mit Verschließschalen 10 und Verschleißleisten 11 ausgestattet.To prevent premature wear and to increase the service life, the particularly endangered inlet-side edges of the passage cross section are equipped with sealing shells 10 and wear strips 11.

Im Ergebnis erhält man eine Preßzange, die die Herstellung von Briketts homogener Dichte auch bei unterschiedlichen Materialien und inhomogenen Preßgutes bei gleichzeitig höherer Lebensdauer erlaubt.The result is a pressing tongs that allows the production of briquettes of homogeneous density, even with different materials and inhomogeneous material to be pressed, with a longer service life.

Claims (8)

  1. Pressing tongs, especially for briquetting presses, having a least two jaws (1, 2) that form the opening for material to be pressed, of which at least one (2) is essentially radially adjustable so as to change the opening and is connected to an actuator that engages more or less centrically, and the jaw (2) is affixed in a pendulum fashion about the point of application of the actuator, wherein on said jaw (2) on the admission side a force engages in the sense of opening and said actuator enlarges the opening as flow resistance increases.
  2. Tongs according to claim 1 wherein said actuator is controlled by the drive motor performance.
  3. Tongs according to one of claims 1 or 2 wherein said jaw (2) has a stopper (8) limiting movement outwards which is preferably disposed on the admission side.
  4. Tongs according to claim 3 wherein said contact surface (9) is rounded between jaw (2) and stopper (8).
  5. Pressing tongs according to one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said actuator is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, or a threaded spindle, or a spring.
  6. Tongs according to one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the force on the admission side is produced by said spring (7).
  7. Tongs according to one of claims 1 to 6 wherein said jaws (1, 2) are provided with wearing shell plates (10) and/or in the transition zones of both jaws (1, 2) wearing strips (11) are disposed.
  8. Tongs according to one of claims 1 to 7 wherein said jaw (1, 2) is lined at least on the admission side with ceramic material or hard metal.
EP89104186A 1988-03-09 1989-03-09 Press tongs, in particular for briquetting machines Expired - Lifetime EP0332187B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89104186T ATE82549T1 (en) 1988-03-09 1989-03-09 PRESSING TONGES PARTICULARLY FOR BRIQUETING PRESSES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3807609 1988-03-09
DE3807609A DE3807609A1 (en) 1988-03-09 1988-03-09 PRESSING PLIERS IN PARTICULAR FOR BRIQUETTING PRESSES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0332187A1 EP0332187A1 (en) 1989-09-13
EP0332187B1 true EP0332187B1 (en) 1992-11-19

Family

ID=6349178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89104186A Expired - Lifetime EP0332187B1 (en) 1988-03-09 1989-03-09 Press tongs, in particular for briquetting machines

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0332187B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE82549T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3807609A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4011249A1 (en) * 1990-04-06 1991-10-10 Poettinger Alois Landmasch SCREW PRESS
DE4112637A1 (en) * 1991-04-18 1992-10-22 Poettinger Alois Landmasch SCREW PRESS
CN114932709B (en) * 2022-06-20 2023-11-24 九江七所精密机电科技有限公司 Dust bar forming machine

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT15618B (en) * 1903-05-22 1904-03-26 Richard Bock Briquette press.
DE537885C (en) * 1930-02-01 1931-11-07 Demag Akt Ges Tongue storage in the press block of briquette extrusion presses
DE1017064B (en) * 1955-04-07 1957-10-03 Konrad Ruckstuhl Extrusion press for producing pellets from dry pressed material
US3070006A (en) * 1960-03-08 1962-12-25 Avco Corp Crop wafering mechanism
NL6714251A (en) * 1967-10-20 1969-04-22
SE388445B (en) * 1974-04-30 1976-10-04 Reinhall Rolf Bertil SCREW PRESSURE FOR DRAINING FIBER PULP IN SUSPENSION
DE3306270A1 (en) * 1983-02-23 1984-08-23 Spänex Sander GmbH + Co KG, 3418 Uslar BRiquette extrusion press and method and device for regulating the press pressure of the briquette extrusion press
US4489648A (en) * 1984-01-18 1984-12-25 Sperry Corporation Baler density control mechanism
DE8536646U1 (en) * 1985-12-28 1986-02-20 Adelmann Gmbh Betriebsgesellschaft, 8782 Karlstadt Crimping pliers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58902734D1 (en) 1992-12-24
DE3807609A1 (en) 1989-09-21
ATE82549T1 (en) 1992-12-15
EP0332187A1 (en) 1989-09-13

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