EP0331901B1 - Valve drive for a lift valve - Google Patents

Valve drive for a lift valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0331901B1
EP0331901B1 EP19890101791 EP89101791A EP0331901B1 EP 0331901 B1 EP0331901 B1 EP 0331901B1 EP 19890101791 EP19890101791 EP 19890101791 EP 89101791 A EP89101791 A EP 89101791A EP 0331901 B1 EP0331901 B1 EP 0331901B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
valve
eccentric
axis
rotation
play
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890101791
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0331901A3 (en
EP0331901A2 (en
Inventor
Dieter Voigt
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VOIGT, DIETER
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve train according to the preamble of the claim.
  • a purely mechanical valve lash adjuster generates a gear ratio change of the transmission mechanism by the valve actuation, so that a certain play occurs in the transmission mechanism after the valve is closed, which is then eliminated again by the spring-loaded eccentric (eccentric disk).
  • This mechanical valve lash adjuster thus automatically compensates for changes in length due to wear or thermal expansion in the valve train.
  • this mechanical valve lash adjuster offers the advantages of being independent of the oil quality of the oil circuit of the machine equipped with the valve train and minimizing the oscillating valve train masses due to the arrangement of the mechanical balancing parts in the pivot point of the transmission lever.
  • a valve train according to the preamble of the claim is known from US-A-3,087,478.
  • the rocker arm takes the eccentric located in the rocker arm bearing with a bracket, which leads to a partially changed rocker arm pivot point with the resulting play generation after valve closing.
  • the kinetic energy in the moving valve drive system is used in order to bring about an eccentric adjustment in the sense of generating a game after the valve has closed.
  • Another valve drive known from US-A-1 979 348 has a rocker arm slotted on its bearing, in which load-dependent clamping effects partially rotate the eccentric in the valve actuation phase in the sense of generating a game after valve closing.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a valve train according to the preamble of claim so that regardless of the wear and thermal expansion dependent eccentric position and the working frequency in the phase of the valve actuation, a defined, only minimal eccentricity takes place in the sense of a game generation.
  • the achievement of this task is in the characterizing features of the claim.
  • the transmission lever designed as a rocker arm, uses the effects of the forces and moments acting on the eccentric to twist it in the sense of creating a game, its pivoting angle being limited by a bushing with a defined rotational play, which is arranged between the rocker arm and the eccentric frictionally.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view, partially in section, while Figure 2 shows the associated top view.
  • the essential components of the valve train are the cam 1 rotating in the direction of the arrow, which in an internal combustion engine is usually seated on a camshaft driven by the machine itself, and the rocker arm 2, which is arranged on the pivot shaft 3 which is mounted in a stationary and rotationally fixed manner.
  • the axis of the pivot axis 3 is designated as the secondary axis 4.
  • rocker arm 2 with its right end in the figures in this exemplary embodiment rests on the rotating cam 1 for the purpose of reducing friction via the rollers 5 and accordingly takes part in its lifting movement
  • its left end in the figures is a rolling support 6 on the free end of the valve stem 7 set up; only the closing spring 8 of the lift valve is shown since it is a well-known construction.
  • the eccentric 9 is frictionally mounted on the pivot axis 3, which is provided with the recess 10 for receiving the end of the spring 11 acting in the circumferential direction, the other end of which is supported in a fixed manner in the recess 12 of the pivot axis and thus both parts 3 and 9 braced against each other.
  • the eccentric 9 is connected to the rocker arm 2 via the bushing 14 inserted on both sides with the associated main axis 13.
  • the bushing 14 has a recess 15 with the edges 17 and 18 for receiving the radial stop 16 of the pivot axis 3 with play.
  • the eccentricity e of the eccentric 9 extends practically in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rocker arm 2 in the position shown of the various components of the valve drive Limited play between the recess 15 of the bush 14 and the stop 16 and the moment acting counterclockwise from the spring 11 on the eccentric 9, this results in the following mode of operation of the valve drive shown.
  • the actual cam 1 becomes effective, it swivels the rocker arm 2 in a counterclockwise direction in FIG. Due to the friction, the bushing 14 also takes part in this pivoting movement until the edge 18 contacts the stop 16.
  • the eccentric 9 remains at rest in spite of the frictional torque acting on it from the sleeve 14 and the spring torque also acting on the left, since the force F acting on it when the valve is actuated to the top generates a correspondingly large counterclockwise torque F * e about the lifting axis 4.
  • the rocker arm 2 pivots only about the main axis 13 of the eccentric 9 remaining at rest when the valve is opened.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ventiltrieb gemäß dem Oberbegiff des Patentanspruchs. Ein derartiger, rein mechanisch wirkender Ventilspielausgleich erzeugt durch die Ventilbetätigung eine Übersetzungsänderung des Übertragungsmechanismus, so daß nach dem Schließen des Ventils ein gewisses Spiel im Übertragungsmechanismus auftritt, das dann durch den federgespannten Exzenter (Exzenterscheibe) wieder beseitigt wird. Dieser mechanisch wirkende Ventilspielausgleich kompensiert somit selbsttätig Längenänderungen durch Verschleiß oder Wärmedehnung im Ventiltrieb.The invention relates to a valve train according to the preamble of the claim. Such a purely mechanical valve lash adjuster generates a gear ratio change of the transmission mechanism by the valve actuation, so that a certain play occurs in the transmission mechanism after the valve is closed, which is then eliminated again by the spring-loaded eccentric (eccentric disk). This mechanical valve lash adjuster thus automatically compensates for changes in length due to wear or thermal expansion in the valve train.

Gegenüber den weit verbreiteten hydraulischen Ausgleichselementen bietet dieser mechanische Ventilspielausgleich die Vorteile einer Unabhängigkeit von der Ölqualität des Ölkreislaufs der mit dem Ventiltrieb ausgerüsteten Maschine sowie einer Minimierung der oszillierenden Ventiltriebsmassen infolge der Anordnung der mechanischen Ausgleichsteile im Drehpunkt des Übertragungshebels.Compared to the widely used hydraulic balancing elements, this mechanical valve lash adjuster offers the advantages of being independent of the oil quality of the oil circuit of the machine equipped with the valve train and minimizing the oscillating valve train masses due to the arrangement of the mechanical balancing parts in the pivot point of the transmission lever.

Ein Ventiltrieb gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs ist aus der Patentschrift US-A-3 087 478 bekannt. Beim Ventilöffnen nimmt hier der Kipphebel den in der Kipphebellagerung befindlichen Exzenter über einen Bügel mit, was zu einem partiell veränderten Kipphebeldrehpunkt mit resultierender Spielerzeugung nach dem Ventilschließen führt.
In der weiteren Patentschrift GB-A-534 655 wird die in dem bewegten Ventiltriebssystem befindliche kinetische Energie benutzt, um nach dem Ventilschließen eine Exzenterverstellung im Sinne einer Spielerzeugung zu bewirken.
Ein anderer, aus der Patentschrift US-A-1 979 348 bekannter Ventiltrieb weist einen an seiner Lagerung geschlitzten Kipphebel auf, bei dem belastungsabhängige Klemmeffekte partiell den Extenter in der Ventilbetätigungsphase im Sinne einer Spielerzeugung nach dem Ventilschließen mitdrehen.A valve train according to the preamble of the claim is known from US-A-3,087,478. When opening the valve, the rocker arm takes the eccentric located in the rocker arm bearing with a bracket, which leads to a partially changed rocker arm pivot point with the resulting play generation after valve closing.
In the further patent specification GB-A-534 655, the kinetic energy in the moving valve drive system is used in order to bring about an eccentric adjustment in the sense of generating a game after the valve has closed.
Another valve drive known from US-A-1 979 348 has a rocker arm slotted on its bearing, in which load-dependent clamping effects partially rotate the eccentric in the valve actuation phase in the sense of generating a game after valve closing.

Diese bekannten Vorrichtungen beseitigen aufgetretenes Ventilspiel selbsttätig durch den jeweils unter Federvorspannung stehenden Exzenter. Nachteilig ist jedoch jeweils die undefinierte Exzentermitnahme durch die Schwenkbewegung des Kipphebels.
Während die Vorrichtung aus US-A-3 087 478 eine hohe dynamische Belastung infolge einer verschleiß- und wärmedehnungsabhängigen, veränderlichen Bügelposition aufweist, sind die Vorrichtungen aus GB-A-534 655 und US-A-1 979 348 in ihrer Funktion nicht unabhängig von der Arbeitsfrequenz der Maschine, so daß eine sichere Funktion bei Anwendung in einem Ventiltrieb eines Verbrennungsmotors mit relativ weitem Betriebsdrehzahlbereich nicht gewährleistet ist.These known devices eliminate any valve play that occurs automatically by means of the eccentric which is respectively spring-loaded. However, the undefined eccentric entrainment due to the pivoting movement of the rocker arm is disadvantageous.
While the device from US-A-3 087 478 has a high dynamic load due to a wear and heat expansion dependent, variable bracket position, the devices from GB-A-534 655 and US-A-1 979 348 are not independent in their function the working frequency of the machine, so that a safe function when used in a valve train Internal combustion engine with a relatively wide operating speed range is not guaranteed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Ventiltrieb gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs so auszubilden, daß unabhängig von der verschleiß- und wärmedehnungsabhängigen Exzenterposition und von der Arbeitsfrequenz in der Phase der Ventilbetätigung eine definierte, nur minimale Exzentermitnahme im Sinne einer Spielerzeugung erfolgt.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe steht in den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs.
Der als Kipphebel ausgebildete Übertragungshebel nutzt bei seiner Betätigung die Wirkungen der an dem Exzenter angreifenden Kräfte und Momente, um ihn im Sinne einer Spielerzeugung zu verdrehen, wobei sein Schwenkwinkel drehzahlunabhängig durch eine reibschlüssig zwischen Kipphebel und Exzenter angeordnete Buchse mit definiertem Drehspiel begrenzt ist.The invention has for its object to provide a valve train according to the preamble of claim so that regardless of the wear and thermal expansion dependent eccentric position and the working frequency in the phase of the valve actuation, a defined, only minimal eccentricity takes place in the sense of a game generation.
The achievement of this task is in the characterizing features of the claim.
When actuated, the transmission lever, designed as a rocker arm, uses the effects of the forces and moments acting on the eccentric to twist it in the sense of creating a game, its pivoting angle being limited by a bushing with a defined rotational play, which is arranged between the rocker arm and the eccentric frictionally.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert, deren Fig.1 eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, wiedergibt, während Fig.2 die zugehörige Draufsicht zeigt.
Die wesentlichen Bestandteile des Ventiltriebs sind der in Pfeilrichtung rotierende Nocken 1, der bei einer Brennkraftmaschine in üblicherweise auf einer von der Maschine selbst angetriebenen Nockenwelle sitzt, und der Kipphebel 2, der auf der orts- und drehfest gelagerten Schwenkachse 3 angeordnet ist. Die Achse der Schwenkachse 3 ist mit Nebenachse 4 bezeichnet. Während der Kipphebel 2 mit seinem in den Figuren rechten Ende in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zwecks Reibungsverminderung über die Rollen 5 auf dem rotierenden Nocken 1 aufliegt und dessen Hubbewegung demgemäß mitmacht, ist sein in den Figuren linkes Ende als abwälzende Auflage 6 auf dem freien Ende des Ventilschafts 7 eingerichtet; von dem Hubventil ist im übrigen nur noch die Schließfeder 8 dargestellt, da es sich um ein Hubventil bestens bekannten Aufbaus handelt.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, Figure 1 shows a side view, partially in section, while Figure 2 shows the associated top view.
The essential components of the valve train are the cam 1 rotating in the direction of the arrow, which in an internal combustion engine is usually seated on a camshaft driven by the machine itself, and the rocker arm 2, which is arranged on the pivot shaft 3 which is mounted in a stationary and rotationally fixed manner. The axis of the pivot axis 3 is designated as the secondary axis 4. While the rocker arm 2 with its right end in the figures in this exemplary embodiment rests on the rotating cam 1 for the purpose of reducing friction via the rollers 5 and accordingly takes part in its lifting movement, its left end in the figures is a rolling support 6 on the free end of the valve stem 7 set up; only the closing spring 8 of the lift valve is shown since it is a well-known construction.

Wie aus den Figuren ersichtlich, ist auf der Schwenkachse 3 mit Reibschluß der Exzenter 9 gelagert, der mit der Ausnehmung 10 zur Aufnahme des Endes der in Umfangsrichtung wirkenden Feder 11 versehen ist, deren anderes Ende sich ortsfest in der Ausnehmung 12 der Schwenkachse abstützt und somit beide Teile 3 und 9 gegeneinander verspannt.
Der Exzenter 9 steht mit dem Kipphebel 2 über die beidseitig reibschlüssig eingesetzte Buchse 14 mit der zugehörigen Hauptachse 13 in Verbindung. Die Buchse 14 weist eine Ausnehmung 15 mit den Rändern 17 und 18 zur spielbehafteten Aufnahme des radialen Anschlags 16 der Schwenkachse 3 auf.
Wie insbesondere aus Fig.1 ersichtlich, erstreckt sich in der gezeichneten Lage der verschiedenen Bestandteile des Ventilantriebs die Exzentrizität e des Exzenters 9 praktisch in Richtung der Längsachse des Kipphebels 2. Infolge des begrenzten Spiels zwischen der Ausnehmung 15 der Buchse 14 und dem Anschlag 16 sowie des von Feder 11 auf den Exzenter 9 entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn einwirkenden Momentes hat dies folgende Arbeitsweise des dargestellten Ventilantriebs zur Folge.
Zu Beginn der Ventilbetätigung, also bei Wirksamwerden des eigentlichen Nockens 1, schwenkt dieser den Kipphebel 2 in Fig.1 linksdrehend. An dieser Schwenkbewegung nimmt reibungsbedingt auch die Buchse 14 bis zum Kontakt von Rand 18 mit Anschlag 16 teil. Der Exzenter 9 verbleibt trotz des von Buchse 14 auf ihn linksdrehend einwirkenden Reibmomentes und des ebenfalls linksdrehend wirkenden Federmomentes in Ruhe, da die auf ihn bei der Ventilbetätigung nach ober einwirkende Kraft F ein entsprechend großes, rechtsdrehendes Gegenmoment F*e um die Hebenachse 4 erzeugt. Somit schwenkt der Kipphebel 2 beim Ventilöffnen ausschließlich um die Hauptachse 13 des in Ruhe verbleibenden Exzenters 9.As can be seen from the figures, the eccentric 9 is frictionally mounted on the pivot axis 3, which is provided with the recess 10 for receiving the end of the spring 11 acting in the circumferential direction, the other end of which is supported in a fixed manner in the recess 12 of the pivot axis and thus both parts 3 and 9 braced against each other.
The eccentric 9 is connected to the rocker arm 2 via the bushing 14 inserted on both sides with the associated main axis 13. The bushing 14 has a recess 15 with the edges 17 and 18 for receiving the radial stop 16 of the pivot axis 3 with play.
As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, the eccentricity e of the eccentric 9 extends practically in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rocker arm 2 in the position shown of the various components of the valve drive Limited play between the recess 15 of the bush 14 and the stop 16 and the moment acting counterclockwise from the spring 11 on the eccentric 9, this results in the following mode of operation of the valve drive shown.
At the beginning of the valve actuation, that is to say when the actual cam 1 becomes effective, it swivels the rocker arm 2 in a counterclockwise direction in FIG. Due to the friction, the bushing 14 also takes part in this pivoting movement until the edge 18 contacts the stop 16. The eccentric 9 remains at rest in spite of the frictional torque acting on it from the sleeve 14 and the spring torque also acting on the left, since the force F acting on it when the valve is actuated to the top generates a correspondingly large counterclockwise torque F * e about the lifting axis 4. Thus, the rocker arm 2 pivots only about the main axis 13 of the eccentric 9 remaining at rest when the valve is opened.

Bei der Schließbewegung des Ventils und entsprechend rechtsdrehender Schwenkbewegung des Kipphebels 2 wird dann die Buchse 14 bis zur Anlage von Rand 17 an Anschlag 16 mitgenommen, so daß sie nun ein rechtsdrehendes Reibmoment auf den Exzenter 9 überträgt und diesen infolge des jetzt auslegungsgemäßen Ungleichgewichts der auf ihn einwirkenden Momente um die Hebenachse 4 rechtsdrehend mitnimmt. Mit der Anlage von Rand 17 an Anschlag 16 wird dann diese Drehung um die Hebenachse 4 für den Kipphebel 2, die Buchse 14 und den Exzenter 9 beendet, so daß nun dem weiterschwenkenden Kipphebel 2 eine Relativdrehung um die Buchse 14 mit der zugehörigen Hauptachse 13 aufgezwungen wird.
Diese kurzzeitige Drehpunktverlagerung zwischen die um die Exzentrizität e versetzt liegenden Achsen 4 und 13 verursacht eine Übersetzungsänderung des Kipphebels 2 im Sinne einer Spielerzeugung zwischen der Auflage 6 und dem Ventilschaft 7 nach dem Ventilschließen, worauf dann eine Spielkompensierung durch den federgespannten Exzenter 9 erfolgt.During the closing movement of the valve and a corresponding clockwise pivoting movement of the rocker arm 2, the bushing 14 is then carried along to the bearing from the edge 17 to the stop 16, so that it now transmits a clockwise rotating torque to the eccentric 9 and this due to the now imbalance on it moments acting around the lifting axis 4 rotates clockwise. With the system from edge 17 to stop 16 this rotation about the lifting axis 4 for the rocker arm 2, the bushing 14 and the eccentric 9 is then ended, so that the pivoting rocker arm 2 is now forced to rotate relative to the bushing 14 with the associated main axis 13 becomes.
This brief shift of the pivot point between the axes 4 and 13, which are offset by the eccentricity e, causes a change in the translation of the rocker arm 2 in the sense of generating a game between the support 6 and the valve stem 7 after the valve closing, whereupon a play compensation is carried out by the spring-loaded eccentric 9.

Mit der Erfindung ist also eine mechanisch arbeitende Einrichtung geschaffen, die selbsttätig im Ventiltrieb auftretende Längenänderungen infolge Verschleiß oder Wärmedehnung ausgleicht, wobei die Nachteile der bekannten hydraulischen Ausgleichselemente, wie die Abhängigkeit von der Qualität der Ölversorgung und die Erhöhung der oszillierenden Ventiltriebsmassen, vermieden werden.With the invention, a mechanically working device is thus created which automatically compensates for length changes occurring in the valve train due to wear or thermal expansion, the disadvantages of the known hydraulic compensating elements, such as the dependence on the quality of the oil supply and the increase in the oscillating valve train masses, being avoided.

Claims (1)

  1. Valve gear for an upper valve, especially for a load change valve of an internal-combustion engine, with a rotating cam (1) and a pivoted transfer lever (2) in the form of a rocker arm, which is designed to contact the cam (1) in the area of one of its ends (5) and to contact the free end of the valve shaft (7) in the area of its other end (6), and is also provided with a pivoted eccentric (eccentric disk) (9) on the fixed axis of rotation (3) as well as a spring bracing an eccentric (9) and an axis of rotation (3) for the purpose of removing play, through which a rotation of the eccentric (9) is caused by the operation of the transfer lever (2) in the sense of a production of play with a closed valve, wherein a jack (14) with a radial recess (15) is fitted in friction-type connection on either side between the eccentric (9) and the recess in the transfer lever (2), accommodating a fixed stop (16) on the axis of rotation (3) with restricted play, whereby the eccentricity (e) of the eccentric (9) has been selected in such a way that, in the opening or closing process of the valve, the pivoting transfer lever (2) drives the jack (14), the latter driving the eccentric (9), by friction-type connection in accordance with the play available between the recess (15) and the stop (16) and thus the secondary axis is partly effective as an axis of rotation for the transfer lever (2).
EP19890101791 1988-02-05 1989-02-02 Valve drive for a lift valve Expired - Lifetime EP0331901B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3803442 1988-02-05
DE3803442 1988-02-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0331901A2 EP0331901A2 (en) 1989-09-13
EP0331901A3 EP0331901A3 (en) 1989-10-18
EP0331901B1 true EP0331901B1 (en) 1993-11-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890101791 Expired - Lifetime EP0331901B1 (en) 1988-02-05 1989-02-02 Valve drive for a lift valve

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10105807C1 (en) 2001-02-08 2002-05-08 Hatz Motoren Pivot lever for operation of internal combustion engine valve has mechanical valve play setting element using rotatable hollow cylinder with planar surfaces for operation of valve shaft
CN111902614B (en) * 2018-03-29 2021-12-21 本田技研工业株式会社 Valve drive of an internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1979348A (en) * 1932-06-18 1934-11-06 Robert C Russell Valve operating mechanism
GB534655A (en) * 1939-08-09 1941-03-13 Thompson Prod Inc Improvements in or relating to valve tappet mechanisms and like vibratory mechanicallinkages
US3087478A (en) * 1961-11-13 1963-04-30 Earl A Thompson Mfg Company Lash adjusting device

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Publication number Publication date
EP0331901A3 (en) 1989-10-18
EP0331901A2 (en) 1989-09-13

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