EP0331664B1 - Prefabricated bridge decks and their manufacturing process - Google Patents
Prefabricated bridge decks and their manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0331664B1 EP0331664B1 EP19890870032 EP89870032A EP0331664B1 EP 0331664 B1 EP0331664 B1 EP 0331664B1 EP 19890870032 EP19890870032 EP 19890870032 EP 89870032 A EP89870032 A EP 89870032A EP 0331664 B1 EP0331664 B1 EP 0331664B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- girders
- metal
- slab
- cables
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E01D2101/24—Concrete
- E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
- E01D2101/28—Concrete reinforced prestressed
- E01D2101/285—Composite prestressed concrete-metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to prefabricated bridge decks as well as to methods of making such prefabricated bridge decks intended to be used, inter alia, as a bridge bridge, road bridge deck, aqueducts, walkways and any other construction. bearing.
- the advantage of the "U" shape is that it allows passage to rail or road vehicles between the two beams and makes it possible to considerably reduce the overall height of the deck, which is equal to the bottom slab.
- DE-B-1.212.575 proposes a U-shaped construction consisting of a structure comprising two metal beams joined together at their ends by crosspieces.
- the structure is completed by the installation of independent juxtaposed concrete elements between the sleepers. These elements are only joined to the beams after a pre-bending acting on the beams has been released.
- Such a construction is complex, difficult to carry out and does not give rise to a monolithic structure.
- the joining is carried out using bolts and the beam-bolt assembly remains apparent and subjected to weathering.
- an additional prestressing can be carried out using cables arranged around the lower flanges of the metal beams tensioned before preflexing.
- the deck 10 is made using two metal beams 12 in the form of I coated with concrete 14 and a concrete bottom slab 16 located between the two beams 12 and integrally connecting the flanges lower of the metal beams 12.
- the steel steel beams 12 have been prestressed before being coated with the concrete 16. This prestressing is carried out by pre-bending and can advantageously be combined by an eccentric prestressing using cables 20.
- the bottom slab 16 which participates in the bending of the whole deck is according to the invention made of prestressed concrete by cables 22.
- FIG. 2 shows the variation of the overall height of the sub-tracks H as a function of the span P for three types of bridge decks.
- the height H for an apron according to the invention is 25 cm, while for a usual mixed apron (steel-concrete), it at least 87 cm and for a prestressed concrete deck, at least 112 cm is required.
- the stress variations ⁇ in the lower fiber do not exceed 50 N / mm2 for a range of 20 meters and the stress variations ⁇ in the upper fiber do not exceed 80 N / mm2 while the stress variations in a steel deck are greater than 200 N / mm2.
- stiffness R As illustrated in Figure 4, we can also see a fairly clear difference in concerns the stiffness R of different decks (steel-concrete-mixed). The stiffness R is also shown with respect to the span P and it can be seen that the stiffness of a composite deck according to the invention is far greater than the stiffness of a concrete deck or a steel deck.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Description
La présente invention se rapporte aux tabliers de pont préfabriqués ainsi qu'aux procédés de réalisation de tels tabliers de pont préfabriqués destinés à être utilisés, entre autres, comme tablier de pont-rails, de pont-route, aqueducs, passerelles et toute autre construction portante.The present invention relates to prefabricated bridge decks as well as to methods of making such prefabricated bridge decks intended to be used, inter alia, as a bridge bridge, road bridge deck, aqueducts, walkways and any other construction. bearing.
Actuellement, on fait appel pour la réalisation de tabliers de pont en poutres préfabriqués, à l'une ou plusieurs des techniques connues suivantes :
- béton armé, précontraint par pré-tension et/ou précontraint par post-tension;
- poutres métalliques;
- béton enrobant une poutre métallique passive ou préfléchie; mais de manière générale, le tablier est constitué d'une ou plusieurs poutres fabriqués individuellement et rendues solidaires par une dalle coulée au-dessus de ces poutres après leur mise en place et présente donc la forme générale de "TTT".
- reinforced concrete, prestressed by pre-tension and / or prestressed by post-tension;
- metal beams;
- concrete encasing a passive or pre-bent metal beam; but generally, the deck consists of one or more beams made individually and made integral by a slab poured over these beams after their installation and therefore has the general form of "TTT".
De telles poutres mixtes acier-béton sont décrites dans les documents FR-A-1.253.986 et FR-A-1.500.829.Such composite steel-concrete beams are described in documents FR-A-1,253,986 and FR-A-1,500,829.
En vue de limiter la hauteur de construction on a également déjà réalisé des tabliers en forme de U permettant de réduire surtout la hauteur d'encombrement sous voies supérieures.In order to limit the construction height, U-shaped decks have also already been made, making it possible above all to reduce the overall height under upper tracks.
L'intérêt de la forme en "U" est qu'elle livre passage aux véhicules ferroviaires ou routiers entre les deux poutres et permet de réduire considérablement la hauteur d'encombrement du tablier, qui est égale à la dalle de fond.The advantage of the "U" shape is that it allows passage to rail or road vehicles between the two beams and makes it possible to considerably reduce the overall height of the deck, which is equal to the bottom slab.
La conséquence pratique et économique de cette disposition est de réduire le niveau du passage supérieur du véhicule et donc de réduire le coût des rampes d'accès. Cela permet également d'augmenter le gabarit libre de passage de la voie ou voirie inférieure.The practical and economical consequence of this arrangement is to reduce the level of the vehicle overpass and therefore reduce the cost of the access ramps. This also makes it possible to increase the free clearance for passage of the track or lower roadway.
Le DE-B-1.212.575 propose une construction en U constituée d'une structure comportant deux poutres métalliques assemblées entre elles à leurs extrémités par des traverses. La structure est complétée par la mise en place d'éléments indépendants juxtaposés en béton entre les traverses. Ces éléments ne sont solidarisés aux poutres qu'après relâchement d'une préflexion agissant sur les poutres.DE-B-1.212.575 proposes a U-shaped construction consisting of a structure comprising two metal beams joined together at their ends by crosspieces. The structure is completed by the installation of independent juxtaposed concrete elements between the sleepers. These elements are only joined to the beams after a pre-bending acting on the beams has been released.
Une telle construction est complexe, difficile à réaliser et ne donne pas lieu à une structure monolithique.En plus la solidarisation est réalisée à l'aide de boulons et l'ensemble poutres-boulons reste apparent et soumis aux intempéries.Such a construction is complex, difficult to carry out and does not give rise to a monolithic structure. In addition, the joining is carried out using bolts and the beam-bolt assembly remains apparent and subjected to weathering.
Le but de la présente invention est de réaliser un tablier en U avec des performances supérieures à celles connues c'est-à-dire capables, à encombrement égal ou inférieur :
- de supporter de plus fortes charges sur des portées plus grandes;
- d'avoir un meilleur comportement en fatigue assurant une durée de vie plus longue;
- de posséder une raideur plus élevée d'ou réduction des déformations.
- to support higher loads on larger spans;
- to have better fatigue behavior ensuring a longer lifespan;
- to have a higher stiffness or reduction of deformations.
Selon le document CH-A-569.870, il est connu de soumettre une armature métallique rigide à une flexion, de l'enrober de béton et de maintenir l'armature fléchie pendant le durcissement du béton et de relâcher la cause de la flexion après ce durcissement.According to document CH-A-569.870, it is known to subject a rigid metal reinforcement to bending, to coat it with concrete and to keep the reinforcement bent during the hardening of the concrete and to release the cause of bending after this. hardening.
Il a été constaté que cette technique peut avantageusement être utilisée dans la construction de tabliers en U de pont préfabriqués lorsqu'on réalise ce tablier dans une structure monolithique et qu'on combine la compression due au relâchement de la préflexion sur les poutres avec une précontrainte complémentaire de la dalle en béton du tablier.It has been found that this technique can advantageously be used in the construction of prefabricated U-shaped bridge decks when this deck is made in a monolithic structure and that the compression due to the loosening of the preflexion on the beams is combined with a prestress complementary to the concrete slab of the deck.
En effet il a été constaté que la précontrainte complémentaire de la dalle ajoute une précontrainte beaucoup plus importante que celle obtenue par la préflexion des poutres.In fact, it has been observed that the additional prestress of the slab adds a much greater prestress than that obtained by the preflexion of the beams.
La présente invention propose un procédé de réalisation de tabliers ainsi que des tabliers pour pont préfabriqués qui se caractérise par les éléments suivants :
- deux poutres métalliques sollicitées par préflexion
- une dalle de béton coulée entre ces poutres, enrobant au moins les semelles inférieures des poutres
- après durcissement du béton, relâchement de la préflexion
- une précontrainte complémentaire effectuée sur la dalle à l'aide de câbles.
- two metal beams biased by preflexion
- a concrete slab poured between these beams, coating at least the lower flanges of the beams
- after hardening of the concrete, loosening of the preflexion
- additional prestressing performed on the slab using cables.
Avantageusement une précontrainte supplémentaire pourra être effectuée à l'aide de câbles disposés autour des semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques mis en tension avant préflexion.Advantageously, an additional prestressing can be carried out using cables arranged around the lower flanges of the metal beams tensioned before preflexing.
Afin de mieux faire comprendre l'invention on en décrira ci-après un exemple de réalisation pratique en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels;
- la figure 1 : est une vue en coupe transversale d'un tablier conforme à l'invention;
- la figure 2 : est un graphique comparatif de l'encombrement minimal (hauteur H), en fonction de la portée P, des tabliers de ponts-rails en forme de U et en forme de TTT pour un cas de charge précis (voir schéma de charge de l'UIC (Union Internationale de Chemins de Fer - Schéma de charge Fiche n° 702 et 776/1)
- la figure 3 : est un graphique comparatif donnant en fonction de la portée P, pour une sollicitation donnée, la variation de contrainte Δσ dans les poutres métalliques tantôt non-enrobées, tantôt enrobées et présollicitées;
- la figure 4 : est un graphique comparatif montrant la raideur R de divers types de tabliers en fonction de la portée P.
- les figures 5A à 5D représentent de manière schématique les diverses étapes d'un procédé de réalisation selon l'invention.
- Figure 1: is a cross-sectional view of an apron according to the invention;
- Figure 2: is a comparative graph of the minimum overall dimensions (height H), as a function of the span P, of the U-shaped and TTT-shaped bridge bridge decks for a specific load case (see diagram of load of the UIC (International Union of Railways - Load diagram Sheet n ° 702 and 776/1)
- FIG. 3: is a comparative graph giving as a function of the span P, for a given stress, the variation in stress Δσ in the metal beams sometimes uncoated, sometimes coated and pre-stressed;
- Figure 4: is a comparative graph showing the stiffness R of various types of decks as a function of the span P.
- FIGS. 5A to 5D schematically represent the various steps of an embodiment method according to the invention.
Comme montré à la figure 1, le tablier 10 est réalisé à l'aide de deux poutres métalliques 12 en forme de I enrobées de béton 14 et une dalle de fond en béton 16 située entre les deux poutres 12 et reliant de façon solidaire les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques 12.As shown in Figure 1, the
Conformément à l'invention, les poutres métalliques en acier 12 ont été présollicitées avant leur enrobage avec le béton 16. Cette présollicitation est effectuée par préflexion et peut être avantageusement combinée par une précontrainte excentrée à l'aide de câbles 20.According to the invention, the
La dalle de fond 16 qui participe à la flexion de l'ensemble du tablier est suivant l'invention réalisée en béton précontraint par des câbles 22.The
Les avantages des tabliers selon l'invention ressortent clairement des graphiques annexés :The advantages of the aprons according to the invention emerge clearly from the attached graphics:
Sur la figure 2 on montre la variation de la hauteur d'encombrement sous-voies H en fonction de la portée P pour trois types de tabliers de pont. C'est ainsi qu'on peut voir que pour sollicitation donnée et pour une portée de 20 mètres, la hauteur H pour un tablier selon l'invention est de 25 cm, tandis que pour un tablier mixte (acier-béton) habituel, il faut au moins 87 cm et pour un tablier en béton précontraint, il faut au moins 112 cm.FIG. 2 shows the variation of the overall height of the sub-tracks H as a function of the span P for three types of bridge decks. Thus it can be seen that for a given load and for a range of 20 meters, the height H for an apron according to the invention is 25 cm, while for a usual mixed apron (steel-concrete), it at least 87 cm and for a prestressed concrete deck, at least 112 cm is required.
Selon la figure 3, on constate que pour une quantité d'acier donnée l'enrobage des poutres et la présollicitation diminuent fortement la variation de contrainte Δ et augmentent considérablement la durée de vie.According to FIG. 3, it can be seen that for a given quantity of steel, the coating of the beams and the prestressing greatly reduce the variation in stress Δ and greatly increase the service life.
C'est ainsi que pour un tablier selon l'invention, les variations de contraintes Δ dans la fibre inférieure ne dépassent pas 50 N/mm² pour une portée de 20 mètres et les variations de contraintes Δ dans la fibre supérieure ne dépassent pas 80 N/mm² tandis que les variations de contraintes dans un tablier construit en acier sont supérieures à 200 N/mm².Thus, for an apron according to the invention, the stress variations Δ in the lower fiber do not exceed 50 N / mm² for a range of 20 meters and the stress variations Δ in the upper fiber do not exceed 80 N / mm² while the stress variations in a steel deck are greater than 200 N / mm².
Comme illustré à la figure 4, on peut également voir une différence assez nette en ce qui concerne la raideur R des tabliers différents (acier-béton-mixte). La raideur R est également montrée par rapport à la portée P et on constate que la raideur d'un tablier mixte selon l'invention est de loin supérieure à la raideur d'un tablier en béton ou d'un tablier en acier.As illustrated in Figure 4, we can also see a fairly clear difference in concerns the stiffness R of different decks (steel-concrete-mixed). The stiffness R is also shown with respect to the span P and it can be seen that the stiffness of a composite deck according to the invention is far greater than the stiffness of a concrete deck or a steel deck.
Un procédé de réalisation d'un tablier de pont selon l'invention est représenté de façon schématique sur les figures 5A à 5D.
Cette exemple de réalisation comporte les étapes suivantes :
- Fig 5A : les poutres métalliques 12 sont présollicitées par préflexion (flèches PF) le cas échéant cette sollicictation est accompagnée par une précontrainte excentrée à l'aide de
câbles 20. - Fig 5B : les semelles inférieures des poutres métalliques 12 sont enrobées par une dalle commune de
béton 16. - Fig 5C : la préflexion des poutres métalliques 12 est enlevée et une précontrainte supplémentaire est effectuée dans la dalle 16 à l'aide de câbles 22.
- Fig 5D : les parties supérieures des poutres métalliques 12 sont enrobés par du
béton 14.
This exemplary embodiment comprises the following steps:
- FIG. 5A: the metal beams 12 are prestressed by pre-bending (arrows PF), where appropriate, this stress is accompanied by an eccentric
prestressing using cables 20. - Fig 5B: the lower flanges of the metal beams 12 are coated with a common
concrete slab 16. - FIG. 5C: the preflexion of the metal beams 12 is removed and an additional prestressing is carried out in the
slab 16 usingcables 22. - Fig 5D: the upper parts of the metal beams 12 are coated with
concrete 14.
Il va de soi que d'autres procédés et combinaison de procédés sont possibles pour obtenir des tabliers de pont sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, décrit dans les revendications annéxées.It goes without saying that other methods and combination of methods are possible for obtaining bridge decks without departing from the scope of the present invention, described in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8802315 | 1988-02-25 | ||
FR8802315A FR2627786B1 (en) | 1988-02-25 | 1988-02-25 | PREFABRICATED BRIDGE APRONS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0331664A1 EP0331664A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
EP0331664B1 true EP0331664B1 (en) | 1992-03-11 |
Family
ID=9363625
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19890870032 Expired - Lifetime EP0331664B1 (en) | 1988-02-25 | 1989-02-22 | Prefabricated bridge decks and their manufacturing process |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0331664B1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8900861A (en) |
DE (1) | DE68900948D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2031008T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2627786B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008032209A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-21 | Ssf Ingenieure Gmbh Beratende Ingenieure Im Bauwesen | Steel-concrete composite trough as a bridge superstructure and method for its production |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6199099B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2001-03-06 | Ac Properties B.V. | System, method and article of manufacture for a mobile communication network utilizing a distributed communication network |
FR2882375B1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2008-09-19 | Systra Sa | WORK FOR RAILWAY |
EP1848859B1 (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2015-12-02 | Systra | U-shaped span for railway track |
DE102010045454A1 (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-15 | Ssf Ingenieure Ag | Bridge superstructure with external reinforcement |
CN114369974A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | U-shaped prestressed track beam and construction method thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1078154B (en) * | 1956-08-22 | 1960-03-24 | Rudolf Buehrer Dipl Ing | Steel composite girder with prestressed reinforced concrete slab |
FR1253986A (en) * | 1960-01-25 | 1961-02-17 | Beams, joists, trusses and the like of steel | |
DE1212575B (en) * | 1963-02-08 | 1966-03-17 | Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh | Method for prestressing a composite structure, especially for bridges and high roads |
FR1500829A (en) * | 1966-05-10 | 1967-11-10 | Construction process for composite steel-concrete bridges and resulting bridges | |
CH569870A5 (en) * | 1972-12-27 | 1975-11-28 | Lipski Raphael | Composite beam with rigid reinforcement - has axial tension on reinforcement removed after concrete sets to compress concrete |
FR2537631B1 (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1985-06-21 | Biep Fougerolle Cie | IMPROVEMENTS ON PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURES |
-
1988
- 1988-02-25 FR FR8802315A patent/FR2627786B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-02-22 ES ES89870032T patent/ES2031008T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-22 DE DE8989870032T patent/DE68900948D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-22 EP EP19890870032 patent/EP0331664B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-24 BR BR8900861A patent/BR8900861A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008032209A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2010-01-21 | Ssf Ingenieure Gmbh Beratende Ingenieure Im Bauwesen | Steel-concrete composite trough as a bridge superstructure and method for its production |
DE102008032209B4 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2013-03-14 | Ssf Ingenieure Ag | Steel-concrete composite trough as a bridge superstructure and method for its production |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR8900861A (en) | 1989-10-17 |
EP0331664A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
FR2627786A1 (en) | 1989-09-01 |
DE68900948D1 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
FR2627786B1 (en) | 1991-11-15 |
ES2031008T3 (en) | 1992-11-16 |
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