EP0328892B1 - Control device for diesel engine injection pumps having means for correcting the injection mass in accordance with the charging pressure - Google Patents

Control device for diesel engine injection pumps having means for correcting the injection mass in accordance with the charging pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0328892B1
EP0328892B1 EP89100840A EP89100840A EP0328892B1 EP 0328892 B1 EP0328892 B1 EP 0328892B1 EP 89100840 A EP89100840 A EP 89100840A EP 89100840 A EP89100840 A EP 89100840A EP 0328892 B1 EP0328892 B1 EP 0328892B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
regulator
control device
regulator according
diaphragm
eccentric
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89100840A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0328892A1 (en
Inventor
Ernst-Siegfried Hartmann
Werner Lemme
Heinz-Wolfgang Fuchs
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/02—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered
    • F02D1/06—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered by means dependent on pressure of engine working fluid
    • F02D1/065—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered by means dependent on pressure of engine working fluid of intake of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/447—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston means specially adapted to limit fuel delivery or to supply excess of fuel temporarily, e.g. for starting of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for injection pumps of diesel internal combustion engines, which adjusts the injection quantity as a function of boost pressure, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the injection pump is matched to a delivery rate that is adapted to the increased air mass in the medium and high speed range.
  • these engines especially when used as vehicle engines, also run off in the low speed range, where the air filling is low depending on the condition of a naturally aspirated engine. In this naturally aspirated operating state, the amount of fuel has to be adjusted less in order to achieve complete and smoke-free combustion in the range mentioned.
  • a boost pressure-dependent control device fulfills this task by reducing the fuel quantity for the low speed range.
  • Such a control device is known from JP-A-59 120 774.
  • the full load stop of the control rod is adjusted depending on the boost pressure of the engine and an electromagnet.
  • the adjustment forces act on an adjustment rod, the adjustment movement of which is transmitted to a stop lever.
  • the stop lever is designed as an angle lever, one leg of which serves as a full-load stop for the control rod.
  • This arrangement is relatively simple and easy to maintain.
  • these advantages are paid for by the fact that there is a fixed association between the movement of the adjustment rod and the stop lever, which eliminates the possibility of influencing the adjustment characteristic of the full-load stop as a function of the boost pressure and thus of enabling a flexible adaptation of the loader and injection pump characteristics.
  • DE-A-32 46 869 also describes a control device in which the full-load stop of the control rod is adjusted as a function of the boost pressure.
  • adjustment springs are provided, which bring about an elastic coupling of the adjustment membrane to the full-load stop.
  • the course of the full load curve of the engine can be influenced at least partially as a function of the boost pressure.
  • the arrangement is complex and expensive and tends to inaccurate controls due to the many sliding elements.
  • the invention is based on the problem of equipping the injection system in a supercharged diesel engine with an adaptable control device which is accommodated in a simple and maintenance-friendly manner.
  • the control device is arranged so that this part is assembled together with the electromagnet necessary for the starting process in one unit, so that this device can also be retrofitted without great effort.
  • the structural unit is advantageously placed on the crankcase side to which the injection pump is also attached, so that the control device can act directly on the delivery quantity adjustment element of the injection pump via a compact transmission linkage system.
  • the control device is advantageously housed together with the electromagnet required for starting the machine so that the electromagnet also acts on the same rod system of the control device. The electromagnet is switched so that this during of the starting process overrides the control device and adjusts the injection pump to the desired additional injection start quantity.
  • An intermediate piece is installed in the transmission linkage system, which enables a non-linearity of the transmission ratio of the membrane movement on the control rod path. This enables adaptation to the smoke curves permitted by the engine under all operating conditions.
  • the intermediate piece is provided with a plurality of bores which are suitable for receiving a pin and, depending on where the pin is inserted, the transmission ratio on the delivery quantity adjusting element can be changed.
  • the intermediate piece can also be easily replaced, since it is only fastened by a pin in the housing of the control device and can be replaced at any time with a few simple steps.
  • the spring force counteracting the boost pressure on the diaphragm side is set to the point of use via an adjusting member, from which the adjusting eccentric acts.
  • the adjustment eccentric acts via a groove in the adjusting member, so that a forced adjustment can be achieved in both directions upwards and downwards.
  • the bias of the spring can be adjusted via an eccentric, which consists of a screw that is screwed into the housing and is also equipped with an eccentric pin attached to the other end, which engages in the groove of the guide bush that carries the spring.
  • an eccentric which consists of a screw that is screwed into the housing and is also equipped with an eccentric pin attached to the other end, which engages in the groove of the guide bush that carries the spring.
  • This practical and easy to accommodate version is suitable for relatively small changes in the spring preload, it must be noted that the eccentric pin always engages in the groove to move the guide bushing up or down. If relatively large adjustments of the spring preload are to be expected in both directions, then the screw is advantageously to be replaced by a cylindrical part which can be rotated as desired and can be locked in its end position with an externally attached clamping piece.
  • Figure 1 is a sketchy representation of an injection pump system with a governor and a Charge-pressure-dependent control device, which is accommodated in a housing together with the starting electromagnet, the two parts acting together on a linkage.
  • the combination of both parts is arranged on the engine crankcase so that it engages with the linkage system in the engine's control rod, which actuates the injection pump.
  • the injection quantity is adjusted according to the existing boost pressure at the different engine speeds.
  • the electromagnet is switched so that it overrides the boost pressure device during the starting process.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the control device which enables the injection quantity to be controlled as a function of the boost pressure of the internal combustion engine.
  • the starting electromagnet 21 is shown on the right in the picture and, with its part protruding into the housing of the control device, acts on the angle lever 14 and actuates the control rod of the injection pump during the starting phase of the engine, as will be shown later.
  • a membrane 4 between two diaphragm plates 3 and 5, which is acted upon by the charge pressure of the diesel engine via a charge air line connection and lies tightly against the lower part of the room.
  • a piston 7 is attached, which moves up and down in a guide bush 6 and presses on an intermediate piece 8.
  • a compression spring 30 is located between the membrane and the guide bush brought, the bias is adjustable from the outside.
  • the intermediate piece 8 is pivotally mounted in the housing 1 on a pivot pin 11 and has a plurality of openings, in which a pin 10 can be listed which bears against the end part of the angle lever 14 under the pressure of the piston 7.
  • the stop part of the angle lever is tensioned against a spring 16.
  • Figure 3 shows a section A-A through Figure 2, wherein the eccentric adjusting device of the spring preload is shown.
  • a cylindrical part 28 is inserted with a seal 29 into the housing, where an eccentric pin 32 is attached at its end, which engages in a groove provided in the guide bush 6 and moves the guide bush axially upwards or downwards when the part 28 rotates.
  • the preload of the compression spring 30 can be changed by the movement and thus the start of action of the charger air pressure on the membrane 4 can also be changed.
  • FIG 4 the view of the engaging lever parts is shown, the end part of the angle lever 14 being designed in the form of a fork, so that the intermediate piece 8 can be accommodated in between and with the guided pin 10 on the fork parts under the action of the piston 7 presses.
  • the intermediate piece 8 is pivotally mounted in the housing 1 by a pin 11 and can be replaced in a few simple steps.
  • the intermediate piece 8 is provided with a plurality of bores for receiving the pin 10. This allows you to change the gear ratio change the charge air pressure on the diaphragm, and thus achieve better control or movement on the control rod of the injection pump according to the engine application.
  • the tab 18 is shown with a screw 17 screwed thereon, which holds the adjusting eccentric part after setting the desired bias of the spring 30 in its end position so that the eccentric part does not move back under the action of the compression spring.
  • the screw 17 can be loosened and the eccentric part rotated through the slot 18 'shown and then held in position in its end position with the clamping tab and with the screw tightened on it.
  • FIG. 6 shows the shaft 13, which is firmly connected to the angle lever 14 (FIG. 2) and transmits the angular movement of the angle lever to a pin 15.
  • the pin engages in the control rod 22 of the injection pump in a groove 9, so that the movement of the angle lever is transmitted to the pin 15, which in turn moves the control rod.
  • FIG. 7 shows a non-linear course of the control movement of the device according to the invention between a minimum and a maximum boost pressure.
  • the course of the corresponding smoke limit of the engine can be adjusted.
  • the position of the starting point at P 1min can be varied by changing the preload of the spring 30 be, whereby the responsiveness of the membrane to the effective boost pressure can be adjusted.
  • the position of the full-load stop of the angle lever 14 is determined by the position of the piston 7, which presses on the intermediate piece 8 and transmits the pressure force through the pin 10 to the angle lever and brings it into a specific full-load stop position.
  • the electromagnet comes into effect and overrides the effect of the control device.
  • the shaft 13 is moved by the angle lever 14 so far that the control rod of the injection pump is brought into a position where the maximum delivery rate for the start is set.
  • the membrane 4 moves downward against the force of the pressure adjusting spring 30 and pushes the piston 7 axially downward.
  • the piston presses on the intermediate piece 8, which swings about its axis and rotates the angle lever by means of the pin 10 attached therein.
  • the shaft 13 also rotates to the same extent and transmits the movement to the pin 15 attached to the end of the shaft 13 (FIG. 6).
  • the pin 15 engages directly in a groove 9 in the control rod of the injection pump, whereby the amount of fuel can be controlled depending on the charge air pressure of the engine. With the non-linear curve, the injection quantity at the smoke limit can be adjusted economically in the respective operating state.
  • the start of the movement phase of the pin 15 can be adjusted as desired by changing the bias of the spring 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Regeleinrichtung für Einspritzpumpen von Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen, welche die Einspritzmenge ladedruckabhängig anpasst, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a control device for injection pumps of diesel internal combustion engines, which adjusts the injection quantity as a function of boost pressure, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei Dieselmotoren mit Aufladung wird die Einspritzpumpe auf eine Fördermenge abgestimmt, die der erhöhten Luftmasse im mittleren und hohen Drehzahlbereich angepasst ist. Außer bei Aggregat-Antrieben laufen diese Motoren, insbesondere bei Einsatz als Fahrzeugmotoren, auch off im niedrigen Drehzahlbereich, wo die Luftfüllung entsprechend dem Zustand eines Saugmotors gering ist. In diesem saugmotorähnlichen Betriebszustand muß die Kraftstoffmenge in Richtung weniger angepasst werden, in dem genannten Bereich eine vollständige und rauchfreie Verbrennung zu erzielen.In the case of diesel engines with supercharging, the injection pump is matched to a delivery rate that is adapted to the increased air mass in the medium and high speed range. In addition to aggregate drives, these engines, especially when used as vehicle engines, also run off in the low speed range, where the air filling is low depending on the condition of a naturally aspirated engine. In this naturally aspirated operating state, the amount of fuel has to be adjusted less in order to achieve complete and smoke-free combustion in the range mentioned.

Eine ladedruckabhängige Regeleinrichtung erfüllt diese Aufgabe, indem diese für den niedrigen Drehzahlbereich eine Verringerung der Kraftstoffmenge bewerkstelligt.A boost pressure-dependent control device fulfills this task by reducing the fuel quantity for the low speed range.

Eine solche Regeleinrichtung ist aus der JP-A-59 120 774 bekannt. Hierbei wird der Vollastanschlag der Regelstange in Abhängigkeit vom Ladedruck des Motors und von einem Elektromagneten verstellt. In beiden Fällen greifen die Verstellkräfte an einer Verstellstange an, deren Verstellbewegung auf einen Anschlaghebel übertragen wird. Der Anschlaghebel ist als Winkelhebel ausgebildet, dessen einer Schenkel als Vollastanschlag für die Regelstange dient. Diese Anordnung ist relativ einfach und wartungsfreundlich. Diese Vorteile werden jedoch damit erkauft, daß eine feste Zuordnung zwischen der Bewegung der Verstellstange und des Anschlaghebels besteht, wodurch die Möglichkeit entfällt, die Verstellcharakteristik des Vollastanschlags in Abhängigkeit vom Ladedruck zu beeinflußen und damit eine flexible Anpassung von Lader- und Einspritzpumpencharakteristik zu ermöglichen.Such a control device is known from JP-A-59 120 774. The full load stop of the control rod is adjusted depending on the boost pressure of the engine and an electromagnet. In both cases, the adjustment forces act on an adjustment rod, the adjustment movement of which is transmitted to a stop lever. The stop lever is designed as an angle lever, one leg of which serves as a full-load stop for the control rod. This arrangement is relatively simple and easy to maintain. However, these advantages are paid for by the fact that there is a fixed association between the movement of the adjustment rod and the stop lever, which eliminates the possibility of influencing the adjustment characteristic of the full-load stop as a function of the boost pressure and thus of enabling a flexible adaptation of the loader and injection pump characteristics.

In der DE-A-32 46 869 wird ebenfalls eine Regeleinrichtung beschrieben, bei der Vollastanschlag der Regelstange in Abhängigkeit vom Ladedruck verstellt wird. Hierbei sind im Gegensatz zur JP-A-59 120 774 Angleichfedern vorgesehen, die eine elastische Ankopplung der Verstellmembran an den Vollastanschlag bewirken. Dadurch ist der Verlauf der Vollastkurve des Motors in Abhängigkeit vom Ladedruck wenigstens partiell beeinflußbar. Die Anordnung ist jedoch komplex und aufwendig und neigt aufgrund der vielen gleitenden Elemente zu Reglerungenauigkeiten.DE-A-32 46 869 also describes a control device in which the full-load stop of the control rod is adjusted as a function of the boost pressure. In contrast to JP-A-59 120 774, adjustment springs are provided, which bring about an elastic coupling of the adjustment membrane to the full-load stop. As a result, the course of the full load curve of the engine can be influenced at least partially as a function of the boost pressure. However, the arrangement is complex and expensive and tends to inaccurate controls due to the many sliding elements.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Einspritzsystem bei einem aufgeladenen Dieselmotor mit einer anpassungsfähigen Regeleinrichtung auszurüsten, die einfach und wartungsfreundlich untergebracht ist.The invention is based on the problem of equipping the injection system in a supercharged diesel engine with an adaptable control device which is accommodated in a simple and maintenance-friendly manner.

Die Aufgabe wird durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is solved by the characterizing part of claim 1.

Die Regeleinrichtung ist so angeordnet, daß dieser Teil zusammen mit dem für den Startvorgang notwendigen Elektromagnet in einer Einheit zusammengebaut ist, so daß diese Einrichtung sich auch nachträglich ohne großen Aufwand einbauen lässt. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Baueinheit auf der Kurbelgehäuseseite plaziert, an der auch die Einspritzpumpe befestigt ist, damit die Regeleinrichtung über ein kompaktes Übertragungsgestängesystem direkt auf das Fördermengenverstellglied der Einspritzpumpe wirken kann. Die Regeleinrichtung ist vorteilhafterweise zusammen mit dem für den Start der Maschine erforderlichen Elektromagnet so untergebracht, daß der Elektromagnet auch an demselben Gestängesystem der Regeleinrichtung angreift. Der Elektromagnet ist so geschaltet, daß dieser während des Startvorgangs die Regeleinrichtung übersteuert und die Einspritzpumpe auf die gewünschte Einspritzstartmehrmenge einstellt.The control device is arranged so that this part is assembled together with the electromagnet necessary for the starting process in one unit, so that this device can also be retrofitted without great effort. The structural unit is advantageously placed on the crankcase side to which the injection pump is also attached, so that the control device can act directly on the delivery quantity adjustment element of the injection pump via a compact transmission linkage system. The control device is advantageously housed together with the electromagnet required for starting the machine so that the electromagnet also acts on the same rod system of the control device. The electromagnet is switched so that this during of the starting process overrides the control device and adjusts the injection pump to the desired additional injection start quantity.

Bei dem Übertragungsgestängesystem ist ein Zwischenstück eingebaut, wodurch eine Nichtlinearität des Übersetzungsverhältnisses der Membranbewegung auf dem Regelstangenweg ermöglicht wird. Damit ist eine Anpassung an die vom Motor zulässigen Rauchkurven unter allen Betriebsbedingungen möglich.An intermediate piece is installed in the transmission linkage system, which enables a non-linearity of the transmission ratio of the membrane movement on the control rod path. This enables adaptation to the smoke curves permitted by the engine under all operating conditions.

Um die Nichtlinearität des Übersetzungsverhältnisses auch mit ein und demselben Teil verändern zu können, ist das Zwischenstück mit mehreren Bohrungen versehen, die zur Aufnahme eines Stiftes geeignet sind und jenachdem wo der Stift eingeschoben ist, ist das Übersetzungsverhältnis auf dem Fördermengenverstellglied veränderbar.In order to be able to change the non-linearity of the transmission ratio with one and the same part, the intermediate piece is provided with a plurality of bores which are suitable for receiving a pin and, depending on where the pin is inserted, the transmission ratio on the delivery quantity adjusting element can be changed.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann auch das Zwischenstück leicht ausgewechselt werden, da es nur durch einen Stift im Gehäuse der Regeleinrichtung befestigt ist und jederzeit mit wenigen Handgriffen ausgewechselt werden kann.In a further development of the invention, the intermediate piece can also be easily replaced, since it is only fastened by a pin in the housing of the control device and can be replaced at any time with a few simple steps.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird die dem Ladedruck auf der Membranseite entgegenwirkende Federkraft über ein Verstellglied, aus das der Einstellexzenter wirkt, auf den Einsatzpunkt eingestellt. Vorteilhafterweise wirkt der Einstellexzenter über eine Nut des Verstellgliedes, damit eine zwangsmäßige Verstellung in beiden Richtungen nach oben und nach unten erreicht werden kann.In a further development of the invention, the spring force counteracting the boost pressure on the diaphragm side is set to the point of use via an adjusting member, from which the adjusting eccentric acts. Advantageously, the adjustment eccentric acts via a groove in the adjusting member, so that a forced adjustment can be achieved in both directions upwards and downwards.

Die Verstellung der Vorspannung der Feder kann über einen Exzenter vollzogen werden, der aus einer Schraube besteht, die im Gehäuse eingedreht ist und ebenfalls mit einem am anderen Ende angebrachten Exzenterstift bestückt ist, der in die Nut der Führungsbuchse, die die Feder trägt, eingreift. Diese zweckmäßige und leicht unterzubringende Ausführung ist für relativ kleine Veränderungen der Federvorspannung geeignet, wobei beachtet werden muß, daß der Exzenterstift immer in die Nut eingreift, um die Führungsbuchse nach oben oder nach unten in Bewegung zu bringen. Ist mit relativ großen Verstellungen der Federvorspannung in beiden Richtungen zu rechnen, so ist vorteilhafterweise die Schraube durch einen zylindrischen Teil zu ersetzen, der beliebig verdrehbar ist und mit einem von außen angebrachten Klemmstück in seiner Endlage arretierbar ist.The bias of the spring can be adjusted via an eccentric, which consists of a screw that is screwed into the housing and is also equipped with an eccentric pin attached to the other end, which engages in the groove of the guide bush that carries the spring. This practical and easy to accommodate version is suitable for relatively small changes in the spring preload, it must be noted that the eccentric pin always engages in the groove to move the guide bushing up or down. If relatively large adjustments of the spring preload are to be expected in both directions, then the screw is advantageously to be replaced by a cylindrical part which can be rotated as desired and can be locked in its end position with an externally attached clamping piece.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigt:

  • Figur 1: Eine skizzenhafte Darstellung einer Regeleinrichtung, die zusammen mit dem Startelektromagneten untergebracht ist und auf dem Kurbelgehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine befestigt ist, wobei beide Teile auf ein Gestängesystem wirken, das die Regelstange einer Druckeinspritzpumpe bewegt.
  • Figur 2: Ein Längsschnitt durch die Regeleinrichtung mit dem Membranteil mit einem Winkelhebel, der sowohl die Wirkung der Regeleinrichtung als auch die Wirkung des Startmagneten auf das Fördermengenverstellglied der Einspritzpumpe überträgt.
  • Figur 3: Schnitt AA der in Figur 1 gezeigten Regeleinrichtung mit dem Verstellexzenter.
  • Figur 4: Eine Ansicht unterhalb der Regeleinrichtung, wo die Anordnung des Winkelstücks mit dem Zwischenstück aufgezeigt ist.
  • Figur 5: Ist eine Ansicht in Richtung Y auf dem in Figur 4 gezeichneten Einstellexzenter mit einer Klemmlasche und Klemmschraube.
  • Figur 6: Ein Schnitt C-C in Figur 3, wobei die Angriffsstelle der Regeleinrichtung bei der Regelstange der Einspritzpumpe dargestellt ist.
  • Figur 7: Eine Darstellung des Wegverlaufs der Mengenverstellung für den Bereich zwischen dem minimalen und dem maximalen Ladedruck der Brennkraftmaschine.
It shows:
  • Figure 1: A sketchy representation of a control device, which is housed together with the starting electromagnet and is attached to the crankcase of the internal combustion engine, both parts acting on a linkage system that moves the control rod of a pressure injection pump.
  • Figure 2: A longitudinal section through the control device with the membrane part with an angle lever, which transmits both the effect of the control device and the effect of the starting magnet on the delivery rate adjustment member of the injection pump.
  • Figure 3: Section AA of the control device shown in Figure 1 with the adjusting eccentric.
  • Figure 4: A view below the control device, where the arrangement of the angle piece with the intermediate piece is shown.
  • Figure 5: Is a view in the direction Y on the adjustment eccentric shown in Figure 4 with a clamping tab and clamping screw.
  • Figure 6: A section CC in Figure 3, wherein the point of attack of the control device is shown on the control rod of the injection pump.
  • Figure 7: A representation of the course of the quantity adjustment for the area between the minimum and the maximum boost pressure of the internal combustion engine.

In Figure 1 ist eine skizzenhafte Darstellung eines Einspritzpumpensystems mit einem Fliehkraftregler und einer ladedruckabhängigen Regeleinrichtung, die zusammen mit dem Startelektromagnet in einem Gehäuse untergebracht ist, wobei beide Teile auf ein Gestänge zusammen wirken. Die Kombination von beiden Teilen ist so auf dem Motorkurbelgehäuse angeordnet, daß diese über das Gestängesystem in die motoreigene Regelstange, die die Einspritzpumpe betätigt, eingreift. Dabei wird die Einspritzmenge entsprechend dem vorliegenden Ladedruck bei den verschiedenen Motordrehzahlen angepasst. Der Elektromagnet ist so geschaltet, daß dieser während des Startvorgangs die Ladedruckeinrichtung übersteuert.In Figure 1 is a sketchy representation of an injection pump system with a governor and a Charge-pressure-dependent control device, which is accommodated in a housing together with the starting electromagnet, the two parts acting together on a linkage. The combination of both parts is arranged on the engine crankcase so that it engages with the linkage system in the engine's control rod, which actuates the injection pump. The injection quantity is adjusted according to the existing boost pressure at the different engine speeds. The electromagnet is switched so that it overrides the boost pressure device during the starting process.

Figur 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Regeleinrichtung, die eine Regelung der Einspritzmenge in Abhängigkeit vom Ladedruck der Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht. Der Startelektromagnet 21 ist rechts im Bild gezeigt und wirkt mit seinem in das Gehäuse der Regeleinrichtung hineinragenden Teil auf den Winkelhebel 14 und betätigt bei der Startphase des Motors die Regelstange der Einspritzpumpe, wie später gezeigt wird.FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the control device which enables the injection quantity to be controlled as a function of the boost pressure of the internal combustion engine. The starting electromagnet 21 is shown on the right in the picture and, with its part protruding into the housing of the control device, acts on the angle lever 14 and actuates the control rod of the injection pump during the starting phase of the engine, as will be shown later.

In einem Gehäuseteil 2, der auf dem Hauptgehäuse 1 der Regeleinrichtung aufgeschraubt ist, befindet sich zwischen zwei Membrantellern 3 und 5 eine Membran 4, die über einen Ladeluftleitungsanschluß vom Ladedruck des Dieselmotors beaufschlagt ist und am unteren Raumteil dicht anliegt. Auf der anderen Membranseite ist ein Kolben 7 angebracht, der sich in einer Führungsbuchse 6 rauf und runter bewegt und auf ein Zwischenstück 8 drückt. Zwischen der Membran und der Führungsbuchse ist eine Druckfeder 30 unter gebracht, deren Vorspannung von außen Verstellbar ist. Das Zwischenstück 8 ist im Gehäuse 1 auf einem Drehstift 11 schwenkbar gelagert und weist mehrere Öffnungen auf, worin ein Stift 10 aufgeführt werden kann, der unter dem Druck des Kolbens 7 an dem Endteil des Winkelhebels 14 anliegt. Der Anschlagteil des Winkelhebels ist gegen eine Feder 16 gespannt.In a housing part 2, which is screwed onto the main housing 1 of the control device, there is a membrane 4 between two diaphragm plates 3 and 5, which is acted upon by the charge pressure of the diesel engine via a charge air line connection and lies tightly against the lower part of the room. On the other side of the membrane, a piston 7 is attached, which moves up and down in a guide bush 6 and presses on an intermediate piece 8. A compression spring 30 is located between the membrane and the guide bush brought, the bias is adjustable from the outside. The intermediate piece 8 is pivotally mounted in the housing 1 on a pivot pin 11 and has a plurality of openings, in which a pin 10 can be listed which bears against the end part of the angle lever 14 under the pressure of the piston 7. The stop part of the angle lever is tensioned against a spring 16.

Figur 3 zeigt ein Schnitt A-A durch Figur 2, worin die Exzentereinstellvorrichtung der Federvorspannung aufgezeigt ist. Ein zylindrischer Teil 28 wird mit einer Dichtung 29 in das Gehäuse eingeführt, wo an seinem Ende ein Exzenterstift 32 angebracht ist, der in eine in der Führungsbuchse 6 angebrachten Nut eingreift und die Führungsbuchse bei Drehung des Teils 28 axial nach oben oder nach unten bewegt. Durch die Bewegung kann die Vorspannung der Druckfeder 30 verändert und somit auch der Wirkbeginn des Laderluftdruckes auf die Membran 4 verändert werden.Figure 3 shows a section A-A through Figure 2, wherein the eccentric adjusting device of the spring preload is shown. A cylindrical part 28 is inserted with a seal 29 into the housing, where an eccentric pin 32 is attached at its end, which engages in a groove provided in the guide bush 6 and moves the guide bush axially upwards or downwards when the part 28 rotates. The preload of the compression spring 30 can be changed by the movement and thus the start of action of the charger air pressure on the membrane 4 can also be changed.

Bei Figur 4 ist die Ansicht der in sich eingreifenden Hebelteile gezeigt, wobei das Endteil des Winkelhebels 14 in Form einer Gabel gestaltet ist, so daß das Zwischenstück 8 dazwischen untergebracht werden kann und mit dem geführten Stift 10 auf den Gabelteilen unter der Wirkung des Kolbens 7 drückt. Das Zwischenstück 8 ist im Gehäuse 1 schwenkbar durch einen Stift 11 gelagert und kann mit wenigen Handgriffen ausgewechselt werden. Das Zwischenstück 8 ist mit mehreren Bohrungen zur Aufnahme des Stiftes 10 versehen. Dadurch kann man das Übersetzungsverhältnis des Ladeluftdruckes auf die Membran ändern, und damit entsprechend dem Motoreinsatz eine bessere Regelung bzw. Bewegung an der Regelstange der Einspritzpumpe erreichen.In Figure 4, the view of the engaging lever parts is shown, the end part of the angle lever 14 being designed in the form of a fork, so that the intermediate piece 8 can be accommodated in between and with the guided pin 10 on the fork parts under the action of the piston 7 presses. The intermediate piece 8 is pivotally mounted in the housing 1 by a pin 11 and can be replaced in a few simple steps. The intermediate piece 8 is provided with a plurality of bores for receiving the pin 10. This allows you to change the gear ratio change the charge air pressure on the diaphragm, and thus achieve better control or movement on the control rod of the injection pump according to the engine application.

Bei Figur 5 ist die Lasche 18 mit einer darauf eingeschraubten Schraube 17 gezeigt, die den Verstellexzenterteil nach Einstellung der gewünschten Vorspannung der Feder 30 in seiner Endlage hält damit das Exzenterteil sich nicht unter der Wirkung der Druckfeder zurückbewegt. Mit wenigen handgriffen kann die Schraube 17 gelöst und der Exzenterteil durch den aufgezeigten Schlitz 18′ gedreht werden und in seiner Endlage dann mit der Klemmlasche und mit der drauf festgezogenen Schraube in Position gehalten werden.In Figure 5, the tab 18 is shown with a screw 17 screwed thereon, which holds the adjusting eccentric part after setting the desired bias of the spring 30 in its end position so that the eccentric part does not move back under the action of the compression spring. With a few simple steps, the screw 17 can be loosened and the eccentric part rotated through the slot 18 'shown and then held in position in its end position with the clamping tab and with the screw tightened on it.

In Figur 6 ist die Welle 13 gezeigt, die mit dem Winkelhebel 14 (Figur 2) fest verbunden ist und die Winkelbewegung des Winkelhebels an einen Stift 15 weiterleitet. Der stift greift in die Regelstange 22 der Einspritzpumpe in einer Nut 9, so daß die Bewegung des Winkelhebels auf den stift 15 übertragen wird, der seinerseits die Regelstange bewegt.FIG. 6 shows the shaft 13, which is firmly connected to the angle lever 14 (FIG. 2) and transmits the angular movement of the angle lever to a pin 15. The pin engages in the control rod 22 of the injection pump in a groove 9, so that the movement of the angle lever is transmitted to the pin 15, which in turn moves the control rod.

Figur 7 zeigt einen nicht linearen Verlauf der Regelbewegung der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zwischen einem minimalen und einem maximalen Ladedruck. Dabei kann der Verlauf der entsprechenden Rauchgrenze des Motors angepasst werden. Die Lage des Anfangspunktes bei P1min kann durch Änderung der Vorspannung der Feder 30 variiert werden, wodurch die Ansprechbarkeit der Membran auf den wirkenden Ladedruck verstellt werden kann.FIG. 7 shows a non-linear course of the control movement of the device according to the invention between a minimum and a maximum boost pressure. The course of the corresponding smoke limit of the engine can be adjusted. The position of the starting point at P 1min can be varied by changing the preload of the spring 30 be, whereby the responsiveness of the membrane to the effective boost pressure can be adjusted.

Die Lage des Vollastanschlages des Winkelhebels 14 wird durch die Stellung des Kolbens 7 bestimmt, der auf das Zwischenstück 8 drückt und die Druckkraft durch den Stift 10 auf den Winkelhebel überträgt und diesen in eine bestimmte Vollastanschlagslage bringt. Bei der Startphase tritt der Elektromagnet in Kraft und übersteuert die Wirkung der Regeleinrichtung. Die Welle 13 wird durch den Winkelhebel 14 soweit bewegt, daß die Regelstange der Einspritzpumpe in eine Position gebracht wird, wo die für den start maximale Fördermenge eingestellt wird.The position of the full-load stop of the angle lever 14 is determined by the position of the piston 7, which presses on the intermediate piece 8 and transmits the pressure force through the pin 10 to the angle lever and brings it into a specific full-load stop position. During the starting phase, the electromagnet comes into effect and overrides the effect of the control device. The shaft 13 is moved by the angle lever 14 so far that the control rod of the injection pump is brought into a position where the maximum delivery rate for the start is set.

Mit zunehmendem Ladedruck bewegt sich die Membran 4 nach unten gegen die Kraft der Druckstellfeder 30 und schiebt den Kolben 7 axial nach unten. Der Kolben drückt auf das Zwischenstück 8, das sich um seine Achse schwingt und mittels des darin angebrachten Stiftes 10 den Winkelhebel verdreht. In dem gleichen Maße verdreht sich auch die Welle 13 mit und überträgt die Bewegung auf den am Ende der Welle 13 angebrachten Stift 15 (Figur 6). Der Stift 15 greift direkt in eine Nut 9 in der Regelstange der Einspritzpumpe ein, wodurch die Kraftstoffmenge in Abhängigkeit von dem Ladeluftdruck des Motors gesteuert werden kann. Mit dem nichtlinearen Verlauf kann die Einspritzmenge an der Rauchgrenze bei dem jeweiligen Betriebszustand wirtschaftlich angepasst werden.With increasing boost pressure, the membrane 4 moves downward against the force of the pressure adjusting spring 30 and pushes the piston 7 axially downward. The piston presses on the intermediate piece 8, which swings about its axis and rotates the angle lever by means of the pin 10 attached therein. The shaft 13 also rotates to the same extent and transmits the movement to the pin 15 attached to the end of the shaft 13 (FIG. 6). The pin 15 engages directly in a groove 9 in the control rod of the injection pump, whereby the amount of fuel can be controlled depending on the charge air pressure of the engine. With the non-linear curve, the injection quantity at the smoke limit can be adjusted economically in the respective operating state.

Der Beginn der Bewegungsphase des Stiftes 15 kann durch Änderung der Vorspannung der Feder 30 beliebig verstellt werden.The start of the movement phase of the pin 15 can be adjusted as desired by changing the bias of the spring 30.

Claims (7)

1. A regulator for a fuel-injection pump of a diesel engine, the regulator serving to adjust _ in dependence on the intake-manifold pressure _ the quantity of fuel to be injected and including a diaphragm (4) which on its one side is subject to the manifold pressure and on its other side to the bias of a compression spring (30) controllable via a guide bush (6), wherein the diaphragm controls, by means of a rods system, the pump's element for adjusting the quantity to be fed, characterized in that a starter electromagnet (21) forming part of the engine's fittings and the regulator form a constructional unit mountable directly on the engine's crankcase, that the regulator and the electromagnet are arranged to engage jointly, by means of the same rods system, the quantity-adjusting element of the pump, that the rods system includes an intermediate member (8) serving to transmit along a curved path the diaphragm's motion to the quantity-adjusting element, that the intermediate member (8) is mounted in the regulator and fastened to a casing thereof and is provided with a number of boreholes for accommodating a pin (10), and in that the pin serves to transmit the diaphragm's motion to the quantity-adjusting element.
2. A regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnet (21) overrides, during the starting operation, the regulator.
3. A regulator according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate member (8) is interchangeable.
4. A regulator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the biasing potential of the compression spring (30) is adjustable by means of a stud eccentrically arranged at one end of an eccentric element (28) arranged to be adjusted from outside.
5. A regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the eccentric stud of the element (28) is arranged to move the guide bush (6) in axial direction by virtue of it engaging a circumferential groove of the bush.
6. A regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the eccentric element is a threaded rod screwed into the casing.
7. A regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the eccentric element is a cylindrical component which, together with a sealing ring (29) is inserted laterally into the casing and externally clamped by rotation-inhibiting means.
EP89100840A 1988-02-18 1989-01-19 Control device for diesel engine injection pumps having means for correcting the injection mass in accordance with the charging pressure Expired - Lifetime EP0328892B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3804958 1988-02-18
DE3804958A DE3804958A1 (en) 1988-02-18 1988-02-18 CONTROL DEVICE FOR INJECTION PUMPS OF DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, WHICH ADAPTS THE INJECTION AMOUNT TO CHARGE PRESSURE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0328892A1 EP0328892A1 (en) 1989-08-23
EP0328892B1 true EP0328892B1 (en) 1991-05-08

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EP89100840A Expired - Lifetime EP0328892B1 (en) 1988-02-18 1989-01-19 Control device for diesel engine injection pumps having means for correcting the injection mass in accordance with the charging pressure

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EP (1) EP0328892B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3804958A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3920553A1 (en) * 1989-06-23 1991-01-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR CHARGED COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3931603A1 (en) * 1989-09-22 1991-04-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4321342A1 (en) * 1993-06-26 1995-01-05 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Internal combustion engine with a control device
DE4432635A1 (en) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection device for a two-stroke internal combustion engine

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US2640259A (en) * 1948-10-29 1953-06-02 Anthony P Miller Electric shaver
US2767700A (en) * 1955-04-26 1956-10-23 Caterpillar Tractor Co Fuel control for supercharged engines
US3187734A (en) * 1961-09-22 1965-06-08 Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc Fuel injection system for engines
GB1239527A (en) * 1968-07-30 1971-07-14
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GB1328805A (en) * 1970-01-06 1973-09-05 Lucas Industries Ltd Fuel control apparatus for an engine fuel injection system
GB1371762A (en) * 1971-03-02 1974-10-23 Lucas Industries Ltd Control apparatus for an internal combustion engine fuel injection system
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DE3804958A1 (en) 1989-08-31
EP0328892A1 (en) 1989-08-23
DE58900103D1 (en) 1991-06-13
US4969436A (en) 1990-11-13

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