EP0317452B1 - Verbunddiamantschleifmittel, Verfahren zur Herstellung und damit eingerichtete Bohr- oder Verarbeitungswerkzeuge - Google Patents

Verbunddiamantschleifmittel, Verfahren zur Herstellung und damit eingerichtete Bohr- oder Verarbeitungswerkzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317452B1
EP0317452B1 EP88420383A EP88420383A EP0317452B1 EP 0317452 B1 EP0317452 B1 EP 0317452B1 EP 88420383 A EP88420383 A EP 88420383A EP 88420383 A EP88420383 A EP 88420383A EP 0317452 B1 EP0317452 B1 EP 0317452B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nickel
diamond
chromium
support
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88420383A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0317452A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Michel Cerceau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrielle de Combustible Nucleaire Ste
Original Assignee
Industrielle de Combustible Nucleaire Ste
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Industrielle de Combustible Nucleaire Ste filed Critical Industrielle de Combustible Nucleaire Ste
Publication of EP0317452A1 publication Critical patent/EP0317452A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317452B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317452B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/932—Abrasive or cutting feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S76/00—Metal tools and implements, making
    • Y10S76/12—Diamond tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12576—Boride, carbide or nitride component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite diamond abrasive product, its preparation process and the drilling or machining tools which are equipped with it.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to abrasive composite products of the type having a part consisting of a "compact" containing diamond grains representing more than 80% by volume of the compact, each grain being bonded directly to its neighbors to present a rendered polycrystalline structure.
  • integral with a hard and refractory support consisting essentially of a refractory carbide such as tungsten carbide.
  • compact designates a sintered product consisting of grains linked together by bridges created by diffusion of material in the plastic state also called bridging. This plastic phase sintering is obtained at pressures and temperatures of the order of magnitude of the pressures and temperatures used for the synthesis of diamond grains.
  • compact does not cover abrasive products comprising a support made of silicon carbide and of polycrystalline diamond, unsintered since not subjected, during manufacture, to temperatures and pressures sufficient to allow inter-growth of the diamond grains between them; in these products, the voids between grains of the composite are occupied by a compound of silicon and a metal such as nickel (US-A-4241135). These products exhibit poor abrasion resistance due to the absence of sintering.
  • FR-A-2089415 describes such a composite product consisting of a diamond compact on a tungsten carbide support; the compact and the carbide contain the same additive which can be cobalt, nickel or iron, this additive playing on the one hand the role of diamond catalyst solvent and on the other hand the role of carbide sintering binder.
  • Diamond abrasive products not associated with a tungsten carbide support, which are produced by direct sintering of diamond grains in the presence of a nickel-containing binder, have recently been proposed (JP-A-56164073; EP-A-0198653). example of nickel alloyed with chromium.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a diamond abrasive product on a brazable support which better meets those previously known than the requirements of the practice, in particular in that it comprises a compact in which the diamond grains are directly linked together by bridging, with increased thermostability.
  • the Applicant has been able to determine that the use as a sintering binder of the tungsten carbide support of a nickel-chromium binder made it possible to obtain a composite diamond abrasive product having, compared to a similar product with tungsten carbide support with cobalt binder, equivalent abrasion resistance, increased thermostability and better resistance to corrosion of the carbide support; the product is, moreover, endowed with non-magnetic properties.
  • the composite diamond abrasive product according to the invention is characterized in that the tungsten carbide support and the active part comprise a nickel-chromium binding phase.
  • the active part contains at least 80% by volume of diamond.
  • the diamond catalyst binder is a nickel-chromium binder originating from the binder phase of the support.
  • the bonding phase of the support represents from 6 to 15% and preferably 10% by volume of the carbide.
  • the relative proportions by weight of nickel and chromium of the binding phase vary in the range from 60 to 90% for nickel and from 40 to 10% for chromium.
  • the new binding phase of the tungsten carbide support has the advantage of avoiding the oxidation problems which may arise at the support / active part interface during the diffusion of the binder in the diamond.
  • the powder intended to constitute the active layer of the product is placed; it is a mixture of diamond grains with a grain size is chosen according to the application envisaged, this particle size being generally higher for drilling products than for machining products.
  • diamond powder for products intended for machining, diamond powder can be used, the average grain size of which is between 0.5 and 30 microns; for products intended for drilling, an average grain size of 20 to 150 microns is preferred.
  • This piece is generally cylindrical in shape. Its face in contact with the diamond mixture can be flat, hemispherical or grooved. The shape of this interface depends on the use of the composite.
  • the cup is crimped onto the carbide pin so as to ensure a good seal and to avoid any pollution of the active part.
  • the powdery components of the support are placed on the diamond powder layer, ie a tungsten carbide powder added with 6 to 15% of a nickel-chromium mixture, the relative proportions of nickel. and chromium which can vary in a range of 60 to 90% and 40 to 10%.
  • a pressure transmitting material which can be chosen from sodium chloride, hexagonal boron nitride, talc or any other suitable material.
  • the whole is placed in a metal or graphite resistor.
  • the whole is surrounded by a material that transmits pressure and can form seals like pyrophyllite.
  • This "cell” is then introduced into a press which can develop ultra-high pressures as well as high temperatures.
  • the pressure is first applied in order to place itself in the thermodynamic stability zone of the diamond, then the heating (by resistance).
  • the operating conditions are between 40 and 60 Kbars and 1250 ° to 1550 ° C for two to fifteen minutes; we prefer to work at 55 Kbars and 1400 ° C for three minutes.
  • the diamond grains bond together and form a network of intergranular bridges, the voids between grains being filled by the binding phase.
  • the compact After sintering under high pressure and temperature, the heating is stopped; allowed to cool to about 100 ° C and then the pressure is canceled.
  • the compact is recovered after removing the various materials surrounding it.
  • the metal cup is sandblasted or chemically etched with acid.
  • the compact is then ground and rectified. It can be cut into precise shapes by EDM or laser.
  • nickel-chromium mixture is added to the diamond grains of the active part.
  • a layer of nickel-chromium alloy is placed in contact with the diamond grains; this layer can be placed between the diamond powder and the support or on the upper part of the active part.
  • an intermediate layer (diffusion barrier) is placed between the active part and the support, consisting exclusively of diamond, tungsten carbide and / or nickel and chromium.
  • the characteristics of the product thus obtained were determined compared to the standard product only available on the market, in which the binder of the tungsten carbide support is a cobalt binder.
  • the product according to the invention can therefore be used for dry machining.
  • This characteristic is also very useful in the case of drilling tools: poor cooling of the drilling head is no longer a problem with the product according to the invention. This characteristic also allows the brazing of the tools according to a less restrictive operating process.
  • the corrosion resistance as well as the non-magnetic characteristics of nickel-chromium allow applications (press anvils) using an induction heating for example that the standard product does not offer.
  • the invention also relates to tools equipped with the composite diamond abrasive product described above and, more specifically, tools intended for machining as well as drilling.
  • the quantities of powder used are such that the thicknesses in the final sintered product are 0.7 mm for the active layer and 0.2 mm for the diffusion barrier.
  • the tungsten carbide support is 0.9 mm thick.
  • the cup is crimped onto the carbide pin, then the assembly is placed in a cell. This is subjected to a pressure of 60 kbar approximately and a temperature of 1500 ° C for three minutes. After cooling, the pressure is removed.
  • the composite product recovered is then freed from its cup by chemical attack and then lapped on both sides. Shapes were then cut by electroerosion in this part and then mounted by brazing on a cutting tool support. After sharpening and polishing, the tools thus obtained were used for dry machining of tungsten deposition on cathodes for X-ray tubes. The results concerning the service life were two to three times greater than those obtained with conventional tools with cobalt bond.
  • the thicknesses of the various layers are identical to those of Example 1.
  • the cup is crimped on the pin, then the whole is placed in a cell. This is subjected to a pressure of approximately 60 kbar and a temperature of 1500 ° C. for three minutes. After cooling, the pressure is removed.
  • the composite product is treated in an identical manner to that of Example 1.
  • the cutting tools produced were used for the machining of agglomerated wood panels. The performance obtained was 10% higher than that of a part with a cobalt binder.
  • the quantities of powder used are such that the thicknesses in the final sintered product are 0.7 mm for the active layer and 0.15 mm for the diffusion barrier.
  • the tungsten carbide support is 7.4 mm thick.
  • the assembly After crimping the cup onto the carbide pin, the assembly is placed in a subjected cell, after reaching a pressure of 55 kbar, at a temperature of 1400 ° C. for 3.5 minutes. After cooling, the pressure is removed.
  • the composite product (picot) is then rid of its cup by sandblasting. It is then prowled on both sides and then ground to the standard diameter. It was then brazed on a drilling tool head.
  • This support is 3.2 mm.
  • the manufacturing cycle was identical to that of the previous example.
  • the manufactured pins made it possible to carry out the comparative tests with the standard product with cobalt binder.
  • the quantities of powder used are such that the respective thicknesses of the layers in the final sintered product are 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.5 mm on the support with a total height of 16 mm.
  • the assembly After crimping the cup onto the carbide pin, the assembly is placed in a subjected cell, after reaching a pressure of 55 kbar, at a temperature of 1450 ° C. for four minutes. After cooling, the pressure is removed.
  • the composite product thus produced (dome) is then freed from its cup by sandblasting. It is then rectified to the nominal diameter and then bevelled into a cone on the rear face.
  • This product by its shape and its intermediate layers which act as a shock absorber, is particularly well suited to work involving shocks. It was mounted on a percussion tool. The results were 1.2 times better than the performance usually achieved with products having a cobalt binder.
  • Example 5 The product identical to that obtained under the conditions of Example 5 was used at the periphery of the cones on the drill heads in tricones. The results were equivalent to those of the product of the prior art with a cobalt binder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Verbunddiamantschleifmittel, dessen aktiver Bereich durch ein Sinterprodukt gebildet wird, das Diamantkörner enthält, wobei jedes Korn direkt mit seinen Nachbarn durch Brückenbildung verbunden ist zur Bildung einer polykristallinen Struktur, die mit einem im wesentlichen aus Wolfram-Karbid gebildeten Träger verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger aus Wolfram-Karbid und der aktive Bereich eine Nickel-Chrom-Bindephase aufweisen.
2. Mittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der aktive Bereich wenigstens 80 Vol% Diamanten enthält.
3. Mittel nach Anspruch 1 und Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindephase des Trägers 6-15 Vol% Karbid darstellt.
4. Mittel nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindephase 10 Vol% Karbid darstellt.
5. Mittel nach einen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die relativen Gewichtsverhältnisse von Nickel und Chrom der Bindephase in einem Bereich zwischen 60 und 90% sowie zwischen 40 und 10 variieren.
6. Mittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Katalysator-Bindemittel des Diamanten Nickel-Chrom aus der Bindephase des Trägers ist.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wärmebeständigen Diamantschleifmittels, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die Schritte aufweist:
― Anordnen einer Schicht aus Diamantkörnern in einem Tiegel, die zur Bildung der aktiven Schicht des Mittels bestimmt ist;
― Anordnen auf der so gebildeten Schicht einer Schicht aus Wolfram-Karbid, ergänzt durch eine Nickel-Chrom-Mischung, vorgesehen zur Bildung des Trägers;
― Aussetzen der so realisierten Schichtung einer ausreichenden Temperatur und einem ausreichenden Druck, um die Sinterung in der plastischen Phase mit dazwischen vorliegenden Diamantkörnern zu bewirken und die Bindung des so auf dem Träger erhaltenen Preßkörpers zu gewährleisten.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aktive Schicht des Mittels wenigstens 80 Vol% Diamanten enthält.
9. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Bildung des Trägers bestimmte Schicht als bereits gesintertes Wolfram-Karbid-Stück ausgebildet ist, das 6 bis 15 Vol% Nickel-Chrom-Bindephase enthält.
10. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Bildung des Trägers bestimmte Schicht als Wolfram-Karbid-Pulver ausgebildet ist, das 6 bis 15% einer pulverisierten Mischung aus Nickel-Chrom enthält.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den Diamantkörnern des aktiven Bereichs zwischen 5 und 15 Gew% einer Nickel-Chrom-Mischung zufügt.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die relativen Gewichtsverhältnisse von Nickel und Chrom jeweils in einem Bereich von 60 bis 90% und zwischen 40 und 10% liegen.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10 und 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Nickel-Chrom-Legierungsschicht in Kontakt mit den Diamantkörnern gebracht wird.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine ausschließlich aus Diamanten und Wolfram-Karbid bestehende Zwischenschicht zwischen dem aktiven Bereich und dem Träger plaziert wird.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenschicht im übrigen eine Nickel-Chrom-Mischung enthält.
16. Verarbeitungwerkzeug, das mit dem Verbunddiamantschleifmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 versehen ist.
17. Bohrwerkzeug, das mit dem Verbunddiamantschleifmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 versehen ist.
EP88420383A 1987-11-17 1988-11-16 Verbunddiamantschleifmittel, Verfahren zur Herstellung und damit eingerichtete Bohr- oder Verarbeitungswerkzeuge Expired - Lifetime EP0317452B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8716140A FR2623201B1 (fr) 1987-11-17 1987-11-17 Produit abrasif diamante composite, son procede de preparation et les outils de forage ou d'usinage qui en sont equipes
FR8716140 1987-11-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317452A1 EP0317452A1 (de) 1989-05-24
EP0317452B1 true EP0317452B1 (de) 1991-08-14

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EP88420383A Expired - Lifetime EP0317452B1 (de) 1987-11-17 1988-11-16 Verbunddiamantschleifmittel, Verfahren zur Herstellung und damit eingerichtete Bohr- oder Verarbeitungswerkzeuge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5002828A (de)
EP (1) EP0317452B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3864240D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2623201B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0349834A (ja) * 1989-07-14 1991-03-04 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 金を接合材とする工具及びその製造方法
US5170683A (en) * 1990-12-27 1992-12-15 Konica Corporation Method for surface-processing of a photoreceptor base for electrophotography
JPH07331376A (ja) * 1994-06-03 1995-12-19 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 非磁性若しくは弱磁性ダイヤモンド焼結体とその製法
WO1999029411A1 (en) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Crystal growth
US6173798B1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2001-01-16 Kennametal Inc. Tungsten carbide nickel- chromium alloy hard member and tools using the same
WO2012048120A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Nonwoven composite abrasive comprising diamond abrasive particles
WO2014089451A1 (en) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 Petree Rusty Polycrystalline diamond compact with increased impact resistance

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0208414A2 (de) * 1985-06-07 1987-01-14 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Temperaturbeständiger kompakter Diamantschleifkörper

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7104326A (de) * 1970-04-08 1971-10-12 Gen Electric
US3745623A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-17 Gen Electric Diamond tools for machining
US3912500A (en) * 1972-12-27 1975-10-14 Leonid Fedorovich Vereschagin Process for producing diamond-metallic materials
US4063909A (en) * 1974-09-18 1977-12-20 Robert Dennis Mitchell Abrasive compact brazed to a backing
US4224380A (en) * 1978-03-28 1980-09-23 General Electric Company Temperature resistant abrasive compact and method for making same
US4259090A (en) * 1979-11-19 1981-03-31 General Electric Company Method of making diamond compacts for rock drilling
CA1193870A (en) * 1980-08-14 1985-09-24 Peter N. Tomlinson Abrasive product
JPS5747771A (en) * 1980-09-06 1982-03-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries Sintered body for linedrawing dice and manufacture
US4311490A (en) * 1980-12-22 1982-01-19 General Electric Company Diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasive compacts using size selective abrasive particle layers
SE457537B (sv) * 1981-09-04 1989-01-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries Diamantpresskropp foer ett verktyg samt saett att framstaella densamma
US4496372A (en) * 1982-03-31 1985-01-29 Almond Eric A Abrasive bodies
FR2598644B1 (fr) * 1986-05-16 1989-08-25 Combustible Nucleaire Produit abrasif diamante thermostable et procede de fabrication d'un tel produit
IE60131B1 (en) * 1986-09-24 1994-06-01 De Beers Ind Diamond Thermally stable diamond abrasive compact body
FR2616780B1 (fr) * 1987-06-16 1992-08-28 Combustible Nucleaire Procede de fabrication de produit abrasif thermostable composite

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0208414A2 (de) * 1985-06-07 1987-01-14 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Temperaturbeständiger kompakter Diamantschleifkörper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2623201A1 (fr) 1989-05-19
FR2623201B1 (fr) 1993-04-16
EP0317452A1 (de) 1989-05-24
US5002828A (en) 1991-03-26
DE3864240D1 (de) 1991-09-19

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