EP0314773A1 - Driving or working engine, in particular an internal combustion engine. - Google Patents
Driving or working engine, in particular an internal combustion engine.Info
- Publication number
- EP0314773A1 EP0314773A1 EP88905184A EP88905184A EP0314773A1 EP 0314773 A1 EP0314773 A1 EP 0314773A1 EP 88905184 A EP88905184 A EP 88905184A EP 88905184 A EP88905184 A EP 88905184A EP 0314773 A1 EP0314773 A1 EP 0314773A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- rod section
- section
- piston
- machine according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
- F02B75/048—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable crank stroke length
Definitions
- Engine or machine in particular internal combustion engine
- the invention relates to an engine or working machine, in particular an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder and a piston axially displaceable therein, which is connected to the crankshaft via an upper connecting rod section and a lower connecting rod section connected by a joint, and in which both Conrod sections are supported by a pivot lever which engages the housing on an axis which can be set in a manner fixed to the motor housing.
- an internal combustion engine (DE-PS 30 30 615) it is known to connect the piston and the crankshaft to one another by means of two articulated connecting rod sections.
- this internal combustion engine uses a pivot lever that engages a common joint for the two connecting rod sections and is supported at its other end on a variably adjustable eccentric.
- the kinematics of the two connecting rod sections with the pivoting lever already leads to an extended dwell time of the piston in its top dead center and thus to an improved torque reduction. It is an object of the invention to provide measures to increase performance and to adapt to different fuels in internal combustion engines of the aforementioned type.
- this object is achieved in that the upper connecting rod section at the end facing away from the piston has an axial extension that extends beyond the joint of the two connecting rod sections, and that the pivoting lever is articulated on the extension with the end facing the connecting rod sections attacks.
- the support axis for the pivot lever in the engine block is expediently formed eccentrically and can be adjusted radially or radially and axially.
- the joint of the two connecting rod sections and the joint of the upper connecting rod section and swivel lever lie on two separate paths of motion, which leads to reduced piston acceleration with the same piston travel and, due to the formation of larger lever arms, to an increase in torque.
- connecting rod sections and swivel levers now allows the most effective torque to be shifted to the most effective crankshaft positions, which leads to a shorter ignition process, low fuel consumption and, accordingly, smooth combustion with quiet operation of the internal combustion engine. In addition, there is a reduction in the piston side pressure, a reduced warming up of the engine and a reduced wear. It is understood that the inventive design of connecting rod sections and swivel levers equally in gasoline and diesel engines or with any power machines that are operated with a piston, for. B. compressors or pumps, can be used.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the power and working machine can be achieved if the length of the lower connecting rod section is approximately 1.3 times the length of the upper connecting rod section, and the total length of both connecting rod sections is approximately 3% greater than the distance between the connecting rod bearing on the piston side of the upper connecting rod section and the circle described by the connecting rod bearing on the crankshaft side of the lower connecting rod section is in the top dead center of the piston and that the length of the pivot lever is approximately 1.2 times the length of the upper connecting rod section, the radial distance of the articulation point of the The pivoting lever from the cylinder axis is approximately 1.0 times the length of the upper connecting rod section and the base point of the projection of the articulation point onto the cylinder axis is at a distance from the crankshaft axis which is approximately 1/3 of the distance from the piston rod bearing of the upper connecting rod section from the crankshaft axis in the upper en dead center of the piston.
- the relatively long dwell time of the piston in its top dead center allows the combustion of the fuel and the piston movement to be optimally coordinated with one another, the combustion starting at top dead center.
- Such a shift of the injection interval towards a later point in time is possible because the piston remains longer in the area of its top dead center position.
- This also brings a reduced ignition delay with reduced temperatures and pressure loads for the engine.
- Tests have also shown that considerable fuel savings can be achieved while maintaining the same performance.
- the use of a wide variety of fuels is also possible, since the piston speed can be changed and can be adapted to the respective fuels. Tests have shown that diesel engines with the kinematics described can also be operated with gasoline without conversion measures and without a drop in performance.
- the upper connecting rod section is fork-shaped and firmly supports a bearing disk without rotation, to which the lower connecting rod section and the pivot lever are articulated with the ends facing away from the crankshaft or the support axis.
- the fork ends of the upper connecting rod section preferably have settlements which protrude through the bearing washer, the peripheral surface of the bearing washer centrally supporting the lower connecting rod section and the part of the bearing washer which extends in the region of the settlings being articulately connected to the pivot lever in an articulated manner .
- Swing levers also save space in multi-cylinder machines can be accommodated. Furthermore, it is also provided to arrange the support axis either in the engine block or outside the engine block. In the last-mentioned embodiment, the swivel lever passes through a recess in the connection for connection to the support axis
- the upper connecting rod section has a strip-shaped web symmetrically in the longitudinal center plane with a cylinder section arranged on the end facing away from the piston, the cylinder section of which faces the web partial sections projecting on both sides support ring parts of the lower connecting rod section and that the upper cylinder section in the web plane and the lower connecting rod section between the ring parts have recesses which are penetrated transversely by a bolt which is eccentrically arranged in the cylinder section and on which the swivel lever has one end attacks. Apart from that.
- the web allows bending stresses to be absorbed and compensated for within limits. Furthermore, a. Narrow construction of the connecting rod is achieved, so that the lower counterweights of the crankshaft can be formed in a space-saving manner.
- the lower connecting rod section to be made up by means of excessively fine part lengths by means of clamping members, eg. B. screws to form interconnected halves, each having one of the ring parts at the piston-side ends, the common width of both connecting rod section halves being equal to or is less than the axial length of the cylinder section.
- the division of the lower connecting rod section provides the prerequisites for mounting the connecting rod sections and the swivel lever. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the two ring parts of the lower connecting rod section are supported on the partial sections of the upper connecting rod section instead of the previous plain bearings by needle bearings. In order to avoid holding members to prevent undesired axial movements of the bolt, it is provided that it
- FIG. 1 shows a machine or machine in section
- FIG. 2 shows a machine or machine in section
- FIG. 3 shows sections of connecting rod sections and pivoting levers in side view
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show various graphic representations, 6 connecting rod sections and swivel levers in section according to another embodiment
- FIG. 7 connecting rod sections and pivot lever of FIG. 6 in side view
- 8 shows an upper connecting rod section in section
- FIG. 9 shows a lower connecting rod section in front view
- FIG. 10 shows a pivoting lever in front view.
- 1 denotes a cylinder, for example an internal combustion engine, which slidably receives a piston 2.
- the cylinder 1 is closed at the upper end by a plate-shaped cylinder head 3.
- the devices for the supply of fuel and air or fuel mixture and the removal of combustion gases are not shown for reasons of clarity.
- the piston 2 receives a piston pin 4, on which an upper connecting rod section 5 engages with its upper bearing 6 such that it can pivot.
- the connecting rod section 5 is fork-shaped and the legs 7 of the connecting rod section 5 hold in the area of the free ends by means of bolts 8 a bearing disc 9 to which the upper end of a lower connecting rod section 10 is articulated, which is connected with its lower bearing 18 to a crankshaft 11 attacks.
- the legs 7 have deposits 12, which are exceeded by the bearing plate 9.
- a bolt 13 engages on the bearing disk 9
- the articulation point for the pivot lever 15 on the upper connecting rod section 5 is around the extension 27 via the joint articulation point of both connecting rod sections 5 and 10 led out.
- the piston 2 is at top dead center.
- the connecting rod bearing 6 on the piston side moves along the cylinder axis 22 and the bearing disk 9 on a movement path in the form of a circular arc 17.
- the bolt 13 moves on a further circular path 21.
- the crankshaft 11 rotates and with it the crankshaft-side La ⁇ ger 18 in the direction of arrow 19.
- the changes in position of the connecting rod sections 5, 10 and the pivot lever 14 at the bottom dead center of the piston 2 correspond to the dashed lines.
- the corresponding position of the bearing 18 on the crankshaft side is designated by the letters UT.
- the dashed line 24 shows the torque curve in a conventional comparison motor. It can be seen that the maximum torque can be achieved with line 23 at approximately 45 ° crankshaft rotation and with the dashed line at approximately 65 ° crankshaft rotation. If one goes with these values in FIG. 3, which shows the piston travel over the crankshaft revolution, with the solid line 25 the internal combustion engine according to the invention and the dashed line 26 for a conventional comparison engine, it can be seen that the piston 2 in the comparative engine (line 26) it leaves its top dead center earlier and reaches it again later, that is to say it stays in the area of its top dead center position much shorter than the piston 2 of the embodiment according to the invention (line 25).
- the upper connecting rod section 30 is mounted with its upper bearing 31 on a piston pin 32 and is provided with a cylinder section 33 at the end facing away from the piston.
- the bearing 31 and the cylinder section 33 are connected to one another by a web 34 which extends symmetrically to the longitudinal central axis of the upper connecting rod section.
- ring parts 36 and 36' of a lower connecting rod section 35 connected with its bearing 34 to the crankshaft 11 are mounted.
- the bearing 31, the partial sections 33 'and 33' * and the bearing 34 accommodate needle bearings 43.
- a swivel lever 39 extends, which comprises a bolt 40 with a press fit which is rotatably guided in the sections 33 'and 33'' and with its other end 39 'on a support fixed to the motor housing, e.g. B. is supported on a rotatably adjustable disc 44 eccentrically arranged pin 41.
- the bolt 40 is offset with its central axis in the embodiment of FIGS. 6 to 10 to the central axis of the cylinder section 33.
- the configuration of the connecting rod sections 30 and 35 results in a particularly narrow connecting rod with reduced weight, which means that the mass can be balanced more favorably and the crankshaft 11 can be advantageously guided to the connecting rod.
- the web 34 of the upper connecting rod section 30 provides free spaces .45, on both sides. : the crankshaft parts, such as mass balancing weights, can be passed through.
- the swivel lever 39 engages the connecting rod sections 30 and 30 in the region of the longitudinal center plane. 35, whereby tilting moments on pivoting lever 39 and connecting rod sections 30, 35 are avoided.
- a rotating shaft can also be used as a support member for the pivot lever 39.
- the lower connecting rod section 35 is formed by halves 35 ′, 35 ′ * which are formed by
- Clamping members e.g. B. screws 44 are held together.
- depressions 46 are provided for receiving the screw heads 47 and nuts 48 of the clamping members.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88905184T ATE66721T1 (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1988-05-03 | ENGINE OR WORK MACHINE, ESPECIALLY AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873715391 DE3715391A1 (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1987-05-08 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OR OTHER DRIVE |
DE3715391 | 1987-05-08 | ||
DE8711187 | 1987-08-17 | ||
DE8711187U | 1987-08-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0314773A1 true EP0314773A1 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
EP0314773B1 EP0314773B1 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
Family
ID=25855359
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88905184A Expired - Lifetime EP0314773B1 (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1988-05-03 | Driving or working engine, in particular an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0314773B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE66721T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3864491D1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3715391A1 (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-12-01 | Gerhard Mederer | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OR OTHER DRIVE |
-
1988
- 1988-05-03 DE DE8888905184T patent/DE3864491D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-03 EP EP88905184A patent/EP0314773B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-03 AT AT88905184T patent/ATE66721T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8808922A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3864491D1 (en) | 1991-10-02 |
EP0314773B1 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
ATE66721T1 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
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