EP0309646A2 - Equilibrator - Google Patents

Equilibrator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0309646A2
EP0309646A2 EP88107280A EP88107280A EP0309646A2 EP 0309646 A2 EP0309646 A2 EP 0309646A2 EP 88107280 A EP88107280 A EP 88107280A EP 88107280 A EP88107280 A EP 88107280A EP 0309646 A2 EP0309646 A2 EP 0309646A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
pressure
temperature
cylinder
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88107280A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0309646A3 (en
Inventor
Georg Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0309646A2 publication Critical patent/EP0309646A2/en
Publication of EP0309646A3 publication Critical patent/EP0309646A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/30Stabilisation or compensation systems, e.g. compensating for barrel weight or wind force on the barrel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pneumatic balancer for guns with a balancer cylinder, the cylinder space takes out an extendable control rod and is filled with a gas.
  • Such compensators for example known from the "Weapons-technical paperback" Rheinmetall, 6th edition 1983 page 356, picture 890, are used in guns to cancel the front load of the height adjustment part as possible, so that the focus of the height adjustment part lies in the height adjustment axis, the shield pin axis.
  • the balancer is placed between the top mount and the cradle of the gun.
  • the front load creates a torque equal to the weight multiplied by its distance from the gun's trunnion axis. This is countered by a compensating torque equal to the compensating force multiplied by its distance from the shield pin axis of the same size, so that easy and uniform straightening is possible.
  • Pneumatic compensators have the disadvantage that they are sensitive to temperature. In order to achieve a better temperature adjustment, it is known to change the equalizer volume. This is done by moving the rear suspension point of the compensating cylinder. This displacement is carried out by a spindle which moves the rear articulation point along a straight line inclined at a small angle to the vertical. However, this temperature adjustment is not satisfactory. In particular at low temperatures there is a considerable deterioration in the moment compensation, while an improvement is only evident at temperatures above approximately + 20 ° C.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a compensator of the type mentioned which is practically independent of temperature.
  • This object is achieved in that the cylinder space is connected to a device which compensates for the temperature-related pressure change of the gas in the cylinder space.
  • the temperature-related change in pressure is compensated according to the invention, ie gas is added or removed in accordance with the change in temperature, so that the compensator behaves in the same way as it does for p o and T o (normal temperature). In this way you get a moment compensation over the entire temperature range.
  • the compensator shown has a compensating cylinder 1 which has a cylinder space 2 filled with a gas, in particular nitrogen, which has a constriction 3 in the central region.
  • a regulating rod 4 projects into the compensating cylinder 1 to the area of the constriction 3 while leaving a narrow gap 5.
  • the control rod 4 has a gas space 6 that is open to the cylinder space 2.
  • a bellows 7 is used to protect the part of the control rod 4 that protrudes from the cylinder 1 is provided, which is used to fill the compensator with gas.
  • a pressure regulator 9 which is connected to a gas source 10 and has a gas return line 11 returning to the gas source 10, is also connected to the gas supply connection 8.
  • the pressure regulator 9 supplies gas from the gas source 10 to the pressure compensation due to the pressure drop determined by the pressure regulator 9 of the cylinder chamber pressure present thereon, while it ensures that the gas to be discharged for pressure compensation is removed when the temperature rises above T o .
  • the gas to be discharged is fed back to the gas source 10 without loss via a feed pump 12 connected to the gas return line 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Known pneumatic equilibrators for guns have the disadvantage that, at low temperatures, they are susceptible to temperature and therefore can no longer fully compensate the front load of the vertical aiming part. The invention remedies this in that the cylindrical space (2) of the equilibrator cylinder (1), which receives an extendable control rod (4) in a guided manner and which is filled with gas, is connected to a device (9, 10, 11, 12) compensating the temperature-related change of pressure of the gas in the cylinder space (2). Because the device (9, 10, 11, 12) comprises a pressure governor (9) connected to a compressed-gas source (10), the temperature-related pressure change is compensated by a supply or removal of gas. Thus, in the event of a temperature drop below T0, as a result of the pressure drop, detected by the pressure governor (9), of the cylinder-space pressure applied to it, the pressure governor (9) supplies gas from the gas source (10) for pressure compensation, whereas, in the event of a temperature rise above T0, it ensures a removal of the gas to be removed for pressure compensation. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen pneumatischen Ausgleicher für Geschütze mit einem Ausgleicherzylinder, dessen Zy­linderraum eine ausziehbare Regelstange geführt aufnimmt und mit einem Gas gefüllt ist.
Derartige beispielsweise aus dem "Waffentechnischen Ta­schenbuch" Rheinmetall, 6. Auflage 1983 Seite 356, Bild 890, bekannte Ausgleicher dienen bei Geschützen dazu, die Vor­derlastigkeit des Höhenrichtteiles möglichst aufzuheben, so daß der Schwerpunkt des Höhenrichtteiles in der Höhenrichtachse, der Schildzapfenachse, liegt. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Ausgleicher zwischen der Oberlafette und der Wiege des Geschützes angeordnet.
Die Vorderlastigkeit bewirkt ein Drehmoment gleich der Gewichtskraft multipliziert mit deren Abstand von der Schildzapfenachse des Geschützes. Dem ist ein Ausgleicher­drehmoment gleich der Ausgleicherkraft multipliziert mit deren Abstand von der Schildzapfenachse gleicher Grö­ße entgegenzusetzen, damit ein leichtes und gleichförmi­ges Richten möglich ist.
The invention relates to a pneumatic balancer for guns with a balancer cylinder, the cylinder space takes out an extendable control rod and is filled with a gas.
Such compensators, for example known from the "Weapons-technical paperback" Rheinmetall, 6th edition 1983 page 356, picture 890, are used in guns to cancel the front load of the height adjustment part as possible, so that the focus of the height adjustment part lies in the height adjustment axis, the shield pin axis. For this purpose, the balancer is placed between the top mount and the cradle of the gun.
The front load creates a torque equal to the weight multiplied by its distance from the gun's trunnion axis. This is countered by a compensating torque equal to the compensating force multiplied by its distance from the shield pin axis of the same size, so that easy and uniform straightening is possible.

Pneumatische Ausgleicher haben den Nachteil, daß sie tem­peraturanfällig sind. Um eine bessere Temperaturanpassung zu erzielen, ist es bekannt, das Ausgleichervolumen zu ändern. Dies erfolgt durch Verschiebung des hinteren Aufhängepunktes des Ausgleichszylinders. Diese Verschie­bung wird durch eine Spindel vorgenommen, die den hin­teren Anlenkpunkt längs einer gegen die Senkrechte um einen kleinen Winkel geneigten Geraden verschiebt. Diese Temperaturanpassung ist jedoch nicht befriedigend. Insbe­sondere bei tiefen Temperaturen ergibt sich eine erhebli­che Verschlechterung des Momentenausgleichs, während sich eine Verbesserung lediglich bei Temperaturen über etwa +20°C zeigt.Pneumatic compensators have the disadvantage that they are sensitive to temperature. In order to achieve a better temperature adjustment, it is known to change the equalizer volume. This is done by moving the rear suspension point of the compensating cylinder. This displacement is carried out by a spindle which moves the rear articulation point along a straight line inclined at a small angle to the vertical. However, this temperature adjustment is not satisfactory. In particular at low temperatures there is a considerable deterioration in the moment compensation, while an improvement is only evident at temperatures above approximately + 20 ° C.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Ausgleicher der eingangs benannten Art zu schaffen, der praktisch temperaturunabhängig ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a compensator of the type mentioned which is practically independent of temperature.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Zylinder­raum mit einer die temperaturbedingte Druckänderung des Gases im Zylinderraum ausgleichenden Einrichtung verbunden ist.This object is achieved in that the cylinder space is connected to a device which compensates for the temperature-related pressure change of the gas in the cylinder space.

Die Erfindung beruht auf folgender Erkenntnis: Sinkt beispielsweise bei einer Rohrerhöhung von 0° des Geschützes die Temperatur ab, so ändert sich, da das Ausgleichervolumen zunächst praktisch konstant bleibt, der Druck im Zylinderraum entsprechend der Beziehung p = po. T/To. Die Ausgleicherkraft nimmt entsprechend ab und das unausgeglichene Moment zu. Entsprechendes gilt für eine Temperaturerhöhung. Die temperaturbedingte Druckänderung wird erfindungs­gemäß ausgeglichen, d.h. entsprechend der Temperatur­änderung Gas zu- oder abgeführt, damit sich der Ausgleicher so verhält, wie er sich auch bei po und To (Normaltemperatur) verhält. Auf diese Weise erhält man einen Momentausgleich über den gesamten Temperaturbereich.The invention is based on the following finding: if, for example, when the barrel rises to 0 ° of the gun, the temperature drops, since the compensating volume initially remains practically constant, the pressure in the cylinder space changes according to the relationship p = p o . T / T o . The balancing force decreases accordingly and the unbalanced moment increases. The same applies to a temperature increase. The temperature-related change in pressure is compensated according to the invention, ie gas is added or removed in accordance with the change in temperature, so that the compensator behaves in the same way as it does for p o and T o (normal temperature). In this way you get a moment compensation over the entire temperature range.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der beigefügten Abbildung dargestellten Ausführungsbei­spieles, das einen Ausgleicher schematisiert im Schnitt darstellt näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying figure, which schematically shows an equalizer in section.

Der dargestellte Ausgleicher besitzt einen Ausgleichs­zylinder 1, der einen mit einem Gas, insbesondere Stickstoff, gefüllten Zylinderraum 2 aufweist, der im mittleren Bereich eine Verengung 3 besitzt. In den Ausgleichszylinder 1 ragt eine Regelstange 4 bis in den Bereich der Verengung 3 unter Belassung eines schmalen Spaltes 5. Die Regelstange 4 besitzt einen zum Zylinderraum 2 geöffneten Gasraum 6. Zum Schutz des aus dem Zylinder 1 herausragenden Teiles der Regelstange 4 dient ein Balg 7. Ein im Zylinder­raum 2 mündender Gaszuführanschluß 8 ist vorgesehen, der zum Füllen des Ausgleichers mit Gas dient.The compensator shown has a compensating cylinder 1 which has a cylinder space 2 filled with a gas, in particular nitrogen, which has a constriction 3 in the central region. A regulating rod 4 projects into the compensating cylinder 1 to the area of the constriction 3 while leaving a narrow gap 5. The control rod 4 has a gas space 6 that is open to the cylinder space 2. A bellows 7 is used to protect the part of the control rod 4 that protrudes from the cylinder 1 is provided, which is used to fill the compensator with gas.

An den Gaszuführanschluß 8 ist ferner ein Druckregler 9 angeschlossen, der mit eines Gasquelle 10 verbunden ist und eine in die Gasquelle 10 zurückführende Gasrückführleitung 11 besitzt. Der Druckregler 9 führt im Falle eines Temperaturabfalles unter To aufgrund des durch den Druckregler 9 festgestellten Druckabfalles des an ihm anstehenden Zylinderraumdrucks Gas aus der Gasquelle 10 zum Druckausgleich zu, während er bei einem Temperaturanstieg über To für eine Abführung des zum Druckausgleich abzuführenden Gases sorgt. Das abzuführende Gas wird dabei über eine mit der Gasrückführleitung 11 verbundene Förder­pumpe 12 verlustfrei wieder der Gasquelle 10 zugeführt.A pressure regulator 9, which is connected to a gas source 10 and has a gas return line 11 returning to the gas source 10, is also connected to the gas supply connection 8. In the event of a temperature drop below T o, the pressure regulator 9 supplies gas from the gas source 10 to the pressure compensation due to the pressure drop determined by the pressure regulator 9 of the cylinder chamber pressure present thereon, while it ensures that the gas to be discharged for pressure compensation is removed when the temperature rises above T o . The gas to be discharged is fed back to the gas source 10 without loss via a feed pump 12 connected to the gas return line 11.

Claims (3)

1. Pneumatischer Ausgleicher für Geschütze mit einem Ausgleichszylinder (1), dessen Zylinderraum (2) eine ausziehbare Regelstange (4) geführt aufnimmt und mit einem Gas gefüllt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinderraum (2) mit einer die temperaturbedingte Druckänderung des Gases im Zylinderraum (2) ausgleichenden Ein­richtung (9, 10, 11, 12) verbunden ist.1. Pneumatic compensator for guns with a compensating cylinder (1), the cylinder chamber (2) an extendable control rod (4) takes out and is filled with a gas, characterized in that the cylinder chamber (2) with a temperature-related pressure change of the gas in Cylinder chamber (2) compensating device (9, 10, 11, 12) is connected. 2. Ausgleicher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (9, 10, 11, 12) einen an der Druckgasquelle (10) angeschlosse­nen Druckregler (9) umfaßt.2. Equalizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (9, 10, 11, 12) comprises a pressure regulator (9) connected to the compressed gas source (10). 3. Ausgleicher nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Abführung des zum Druckausgleich abzuführenden Gases der Druckregler (9) mit der Gasquelle (10) über eine Gas­rückführleitung (11) und eine Förderpumpe (12) ver­bunden ist.3. Equalizer according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the pressure regulator (9) is connected to the gas source (10) via a gas return line (11) and a feed pump (12) for discharging the gas to be pressure equalized.
EP19880107280 1987-09-29 1988-05-06 Equilibrator Withdrawn EP0309646A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873732745 DE3732745A1 (en) 1987-09-29 1987-09-29 COMPENSATORS
DE3732745 1987-09-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0309646A2 true EP0309646A2 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0309646A3 EP0309646A3 (en) 1990-09-12

Family

ID=6337105

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880107280 Withdrawn EP0309646A3 (en) 1987-09-29 1988-05-06 Equilibrator

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0309646A3 (en)
DE (1) DE3732745A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0687887A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-20 Giat Industries Equilibrating device for a gun
EP0702202A1 (en) 1994-09-19 1996-03-20 Giat Industries Device for regulating the balancing system of an artillery piece depending on the external temperature
CN116818791A (en) * 2023-06-20 2023-09-29 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Defect detection device for airplane power distribution conversion assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4100102A1 (en) * 1991-01-04 1992-07-09 Wegmann & Co UNBALANCE COMPENSATING DEVICE FOR A WEAPON, ESPECIALLY A LARGE-TUBE LARGE-TUBE WEAPON

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3017170A (en) * 1959-03-27 1962-01-16 Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc Temperature compensated liquid spring
US3033085A (en) * 1959-01-28 1962-05-08 Donald E Witkin Temperature compensating system for hydropneumatic equilibrator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3033085A (en) * 1959-01-28 1962-05-08 Donald E Witkin Temperature compensating system for hydropneumatic equilibrator
US3017170A (en) * 1959-03-27 1962-01-16 Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc Temperature compensated liquid spring

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0687887A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-20 Giat Industries Equilibrating device for a gun
FR2721393A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-22 Giat Ind Sa Balancer for oscillating mass of artillery piece barrel
US5614690A (en) * 1994-06-16 1997-03-25 Giat Industries Equilibrating device for a gun
EP0702202A1 (en) 1994-09-19 1996-03-20 Giat Industries Device for regulating the balancing system of an artillery piece depending on the external temperature
FR2724715A1 (en) * 1994-09-19 1996-03-22 Giat Ind Sa DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING AS A FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL TEMPERATURE OF A BALANCING SYSTEM OF AN ARTILLERY PIECE
US5663521A (en) * 1994-09-19 1997-09-02 Giat Industries Method and apparatus for controlling an equilibrating system subject to varying temperatures and laying angles
CN116818791A (en) * 2023-06-20 2023-09-29 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Defect detection device for airplane power distribution conversion assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0309646A3 (en) 1990-09-12
DE3732745A1 (en) 1989-04-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69429819T2 (en) WEAPON STABILIZATION SYSTEM
EP0309646A2 (en) Equilibrator
EP1371930A2 (en) Barrel-type weapon
EP0985897B1 (en) Gun barrel provided with a support for a collimator which is mounted near the muzzle end
DE202011052542U1 (en) Adjustable butt plate
DE3728532A1 (en) PIPE BRAKE FOR A PIPE ARM
DE4206218C1 (en) Tank tower
DE102007050014A1 (en) Barrel storage
EP3399273A1 (en) Elevation compensation device and weapon system
DE3633375C2 (en)
EP0529044B1 (en) 6.5-calibre cartridge for rifles and cartridge chamber therefor
DE9010200U1 (en) Bracket for positioning carabiners to adjust their sights
DE2259913A1 (en) SCOPE
DE19805752A1 (en) Rifle with gas-controlled locking device
DE249585C (en)
DE1296997B (en) Field gun storage
CH688528A5 (en) Gun carriage for heavy gun
EP0515716B1 (en) Portable anti-tank weapon
DE2919533A1 (en) Small calibre hand gun - has sights tilted by members on barrel and lockable by sliding wedge
DE9405938U1 (en) Intermediate assembly devices for long weapons
EP1226399B1 (en) Anchoring element for a firearm system and a firearm system with said anchoring element
DE2127730C3 (en) Attenuator
DE19612111C2 (en) Device for adjusting and attaching an optical system to the barrel of a shot simulator or a weapon
DE3943846C2 (en) Light weight field howitzer
DE2137659C3 (en) Device for holding and adjusting a removable telescopic sight

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

RHK1 Main classification (correction)

Ipc: F41A 27/30

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19910313