EP0309646A2 - Equilibrator - Google Patents
Equilibrator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0309646A2 EP0309646A2 EP88107280A EP88107280A EP0309646A2 EP 0309646 A2 EP0309646 A2 EP 0309646A2 EP 88107280 A EP88107280 A EP 88107280A EP 88107280 A EP88107280 A EP 88107280A EP 0309646 A2 EP0309646 A2 EP 0309646A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- pressure
- temperature
- cylinder
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
- F41A27/30—Stabilisation or compensation systems, e.g. compensating for barrel weight or wind force on the barrel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pneumatic balancer for guns with a balancer cylinder, the cylinder space takes out an extendable control rod and is filled with a gas.
- Such compensators for example known from the "Weapons-technical paperback" Rheinmetall, 6th edition 1983 page 356, picture 890, are used in guns to cancel the front load of the height adjustment part as possible, so that the focus of the height adjustment part lies in the height adjustment axis, the shield pin axis.
- the balancer is placed between the top mount and the cradle of the gun.
- the front load creates a torque equal to the weight multiplied by its distance from the gun's trunnion axis. This is countered by a compensating torque equal to the compensating force multiplied by its distance from the shield pin axis of the same size, so that easy and uniform straightening is possible.
- Pneumatic compensators have the disadvantage that they are sensitive to temperature. In order to achieve a better temperature adjustment, it is known to change the equalizer volume. This is done by moving the rear suspension point of the compensating cylinder. This displacement is carried out by a spindle which moves the rear articulation point along a straight line inclined at a small angle to the vertical. However, this temperature adjustment is not satisfactory. In particular at low temperatures there is a considerable deterioration in the moment compensation, while an improvement is only evident at temperatures above approximately + 20 ° C.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a compensator of the type mentioned which is practically independent of temperature.
- This object is achieved in that the cylinder space is connected to a device which compensates for the temperature-related pressure change of the gas in the cylinder space.
- the temperature-related change in pressure is compensated according to the invention, ie gas is added or removed in accordance with the change in temperature, so that the compensator behaves in the same way as it does for p o and T o (normal temperature). In this way you get a moment compensation over the entire temperature range.
- the compensator shown has a compensating cylinder 1 which has a cylinder space 2 filled with a gas, in particular nitrogen, which has a constriction 3 in the central region.
- a regulating rod 4 projects into the compensating cylinder 1 to the area of the constriction 3 while leaving a narrow gap 5.
- the control rod 4 has a gas space 6 that is open to the cylinder space 2.
- a bellows 7 is used to protect the part of the control rod 4 that protrudes from the cylinder 1 is provided, which is used to fill the compensator with gas.
- a pressure regulator 9 which is connected to a gas source 10 and has a gas return line 11 returning to the gas source 10, is also connected to the gas supply connection 8.
- the pressure regulator 9 supplies gas from the gas source 10 to the pressure compensation due to the pressure drop determined by the pressure regulator 9 of the cylinder chamber pressure present thereon, while it ensures that the gas to be discharged for pressure compensation is removed when the temperature rises above T o .
- the gas to be discharged is fed back to the gas source 10 without loss via a feed pump 12 connected to the gas return line 11.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen pneumatischen Ausgleicher für Geschütze mit einem Ausgleicherzylinder, dessen Zylinderraum eine ausziehbare Regelstange geführt aufnimmt und mit einem Gas gefüllt ist.
Derartige beispielsweise aus dem "Waffentechnischen Taschenbuch" Rheinmetall, 6. Auflage 1983 Seite 356, Bild 890, bekannte Ausgleicher dienen bei Geschützen dazu, die Vorderlastigkeit des Höhenrichtteiles möglichst aufzuheben, so daß der Schwerpunkt des Höhenrichtteiles in der Höhenrichtachse, der Schildzapfenachse, liegt. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Ausgleicher zwischen der Oberlafette und der Wiege des Geschützes angeordnet.
Die Vorderlastigkeit bewirkt ein Drehmoment gleich der Gewichtskraft multipliziert mit deren Abstand von der Schildzapfenachse des Geschützes. Dem ist ein Ausgleicherdrehmoment gleich der Ausgleicherkraft multipliziert mit deren Abstand von der Schildzapfenachse gleicher Größe entgegenzusetzen, damit ein leichtes und gleichförmiges Richten möglich ist.The invention relates to a pneumatic balancer for guns with a balancer cylinder, the cylinder space takes out an extendable control rod and is filled with a gas.
Such compensators, for example known from the "Weapons-technical paperback" Rheinmetall, 6th edition 1983 page 356, picture 890, are used in guns to cancel the front load of the height adjustment part as possible, so that the focus of the height adjustment part lies in the height adjustment axis, the shield pin axis. For this purpose, the balancer is placed between the top mount and the cradle of the gun.
The front load creates a torque equal to the weight multiplied by its distance from the gun's trunnion axis. This is countered by a compensating torque equal to the compensating force multiplied by its distance from the shield pin axis of the same size, so that easy and uniform straightening is possible.
Pneumatische Ausgleicher haben den Nachteil, daß sie temperaturanfällig sind. Um eine bessere Temperaturanpassung zu erzielen, ist es bekannt, das Ausgleichervolumen zu ändern. Dies erfolgt durch Verschiebung des hinteren Aufhängepunktes des Ausgleichszylinders. Diese Verschiebung wird durch eine Spindel vorgenommen, die den hinteren Anlenkpunkt längs einer gegen die Senkrechte um einen kleinen Winkel geneigten Geraden verschiebt. Diese Temperaturanpassung ist jedoch nicht befriedigend. Insbesondere bei tiefen Temperaturen ergibt sich eine erhebliche Verschlechterung des Momentenausgleichs, während sich eine Verbesserung lediglich bei Temperaturen über etwa +20°C zeigt.Pneumatic compensators have the disadvantage that they are sensitive to temperature. In order to achieve a better temperature adjustment, it is known to change the equalizer volume. This is done by moving the rear suspension point of the compensating cylinder. This displacement is carried out by a spindle which moves the rear articulation point along a straight line inclined at a small angle to the vertical. However, this temperature adjustment is not satisfactory. In particular at low temperatures there is a considerable deterioration in the moment compensation, while an improvement is only evident at temperatures above approximately + 20 ° C.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Ausgleicher der eingangs benannten Art zu schaffen, der praktisch temperaturunabhängig ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a compensator of the type mentioned which is practically independent of temperature.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Zylinderraum mit einer die temperaturbedingte Druckänderung des Gases im Zylinderraum ausgleichenden Einrichtung verbunden ist.This object is achieved in that the cylinder space is connected to a device which compensates for the temperature-related pressure change of the gas in the cylinder space.
Die Erfindung beruht auf folgender Erkenntnis: Sinkt beispielsweise bei einer Rohrerhöhung von 0° des Geschützes die Temperatur ab, so ändert sich, da das Ausgleichervolumen zunächst praktisch konstant bleibt, der Druck im Zylinderraum entsprechend der Beziehung p = po. T/To. Die Ausgleicherkraft nimmt entsprechend ab und das unausgeglichene Moment zu. Entsprechendes gilt für eine Temperaturerhöhung. Die temperaturbedingte Druckänderung wird erfindungsgemäß ausgeglichen, d.h. entsprechend der Temperaturänderung Gas zu- oder abgeführt, damit sich der Ausgleicher so verhält, wie er sich auch bei po und To (Normaltemperatur) verhält. Auf diese Weise erhält man einen Momentausgleich über den gesamten Temperaturbereich.The invention is based on the following finding: if, for example, when the barrel rises to 0 ° of the gun, the temperature drops, since the compensating volume initially remains practically constant, the pressure in the cylinder space changes according to the relationship p = p o . T / T o . The balancing force decreases accordingly and the unbalanced moment increases. The same applies to a temperature increase. The temperature-related change in pressure is compensated according to the invention, ie gas is added or removed in accordance with the change in temperature, so that the compensator behaves in the same way as it does for p o and T o (normal temperature). In this way you get a moment compensation over the entire temperature range.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der beigefügten Abbildung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles, das einen Ausgleicher schematisiert im Schnitt darstellt näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying figure, which schematically shows an equalizer in section.
Der dargestellte Ausgleicher besitzt einen Ausgleichszylinder 1, der einen mit einem Gas, insbesondere Stickstoff, gefüllten Zylinderraum 2 aufweist, der im mittleren Bereich eine Verengung 3 besitzt. In den Ausgleichszylinder 1 ragt eine Regelstange 4 bis in den Bereich der Verengung 3 unter Belassung eines schmalen Spaltes 5. Die Regelstange 4 besitzt einen zum Zylinderraum 2 geöffneten Gasraum 6. Zum Schutz des aus dem Zylinder 1 herausragenden Teiles der Regelstange 4 dient ein Balg 7. Ein im Zylinderraum 2 mündender Gaszuführanschluß 8 ist vorgesehen, der zum Füllen des Ausgleichers mit Gas dient.The compensator shown has a compensating
An den Gaszuführanschluß 8 ist ferner ein Druckregler 9 angeschlossen, der mit eines Gasquelle 10 verbunden ist und eine in die Gasquelle 10 zurückführende Gasrückführleitung 11 besitzt. Der Druckregler 9 führt im Falle eines Temperaturabfalles unter To aufgrund des durch den Druckregler 9 festgestellten Druckabfalles des an ihm anstehenden Zylinderraumdrucks Gas aus der Gasquelle 10 zum Druckausgleich zu, während er bei einem Temperaturanstieg über To für eine Abführung des zum Druckausgleich abzuführenden Gases sorgt. Das abzuführende Gas wird dabei über eine mit der Gasrückführleitung 11 verbundene Förderpumpe 12 verlustfrei wieder der Gasquelle 10 zugeführt.A
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873732745 DE3732745A1 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1987-09-29 | COMPENSATORS |
DE3732745 | 1987-09-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0309646A2 true EP0309646A2 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
EP0309646A3 EP0309646A3 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
Family
ID=6337105
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19880107280 Withdrawn EP0309646A3 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1988-05-06 | Equilibrator |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0309646A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3732745A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0687887A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | Giat Industries | Equilibrating device for a gun |
EP0702202A1 (en) | 1994-09-19 | 1996-03-20 | Giat Industries | Device for regulating the balancing system of an artillery piece depending on the external temperature |
CN116818791A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-29 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Defect detection device for airplane power distribution conversion assembly |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4100102A1 (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-07-09 | Wegmann & Co | UNBALANCE COMPENSATING DEVICE FOR A WEAPON, ESPECIALLY A LARGE-TUBE LARGE-TUBE WEAPON |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3017170A (en) * | 1959-03-27 | 1962-01-16 | Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc | Temperature compensated liquid spring |
US3033085A (en) * | 1959-01-28 | 1962-05-08 | Donald E Witkin | Temperature compensating system for hydropneumatic equilibrator |
-
1987
- 1987-09-29 DE DE19873732745 patent/DE3732745A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1988
- 1988-05-06 EP EP19880107280 patent/EP0309646A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3033085A (en) * | 1959-01-28 | 1962-05-08 | Donald E Witkin | Temperature compensating system for hydropneumatic equilibrator |
US3017170A (en) * | 1959-03-27 | 1962-01-16 | Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc | Temperature compensated liquid spring |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0687887A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | Giat Industries | Equilibrating device for a gun |
FR2721393A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-22 | Giat Ind Sa | Balancer for oscillating mass of artillery piece barrel |
US5614690A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1997-03-25 | Giat Industries | Equilibrating device for a gun |
EP0702202A1 (en) | 1994-09-19 | 1996-03-20 | Giat Industries | Device for regulating the balancing system of an artillery piece depending on the external temperature |
FR2724715A1 (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-03-22 | Giat Ind Sa | DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING AS A FUNCTION OF THE EXTERNAL TEMPERATURE OF A BALANCING SYSTEM OF AN ARTILLERY PIECE |
US5663521A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-09-02 | Giat Industries | Method and apparatus for controlling an equilibrating system subject to varying temperatures and laying angles |
CN116818791A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-29 | 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Defect detection device for airplane power distribution conversion assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0309646A3 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
DE3732745A1 (en) | 1989-04-06 |
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Effective date: 19910313 |