EP0306642B1 - Transverse thruster for ships, particularly a bow thruster - Google Patents

Transverse thruster for ships, particularly a bow thruster Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0306642B1
EP0306642B1 EP88109904A EP88109904A EP0306642B1 EP 0306642 B1 EP0306642 B1 EP 0306642B1 EP 88109904 A EP88109904 A EP 88109904A EP 88109904 A EP88109904 A EP 88109904A EP 0306642 B1 EP0306642 B1 EP 0306642B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
air
propeller
area
transverse
wall
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EP88109904A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0306642A2 (en
EP0306642A3 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. Weiss
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Jastram Werke GmbH and Co KG
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Jastram Werke GmbH and Co KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/46Steering or dynamic anchoring by jets or by rudders carrying jets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transverse thruster, in particular a bow thruster, for ships, consisting of a transverse thrust channel formed in the hull and consisting of a tunnel tube, in which a transmission housing with a propeller is arranged, with outlet openings for introducing a medium under or on the wall of the tunnel tube Pressure in the propeller area are formed.
  • transverse thrusters are known.
  • a propeller rotates in a transversal ship in the bow and / or stern and presses the suctioned water, working like an axial pump, depending on the selected direction of rotation or the wing position for variable pitch propellers to starboard or port.
  • the maneuvering of a ship at low speeds is also made easier.
  • DE-B-2 644 844 discloses a method and a device for introducing gas and water into the propeller area of a thruster.
  • This method is that gas, e.g. Air and water are injected in a uniform mixture as a directed jet.
  • gas e.g. Air and water
  • the noise reduction is to be improved largely independently of the associated reduction in performance.
  • a further arrangement for sound insulation emerges from DE-A-2 803 336, which relates to an arrangement for sound insulation of transverse beam control systems for ships, in which the tunnel tube accommodating the propeller is arranged in an transverse tube with the formation of an annular intermediate space Hull is transverse to its longitudinal axis.
  • the wall of the tunnel tube is supported on the wall of the cross tube with the interposition of elastic molded bodies.
  • Such an arrangement insulates the sound waves emanating from the tunnel tube, but the noises emanating from the transmission or from the propeller drive are not reduced by such an elastic suspension of the tunnel tube, since there is no direct elastic suspension of the transmission housing.
  • FR-A-2 252 949 provides for the introduction of compressed air into the jacket area of jacketed propellers to prevent cavitation erosion, but there is no formation of an annular compressed air supply area in the area of the two-sided openings of the jacket tube, so that no cushion of air and Water can be formed to absorb the hammer-like impacts that occur during the condensation of cavitation bubbles.
  • the invention has for its object to achieve a reduction in the hammer-like blows resulting from the sudden condensation of cavitation bubbles, which are conducted via the tunnel wall into the interior of the ship as structure-borne noise, and the mechanical noise emitted by the propeller gearbox in order to avoid the unpleasant noise that occurs when working Avoid lateral thrusters, which are particularly annoying under ships' living rooms and common rooms.
  • the cavitation noises are reduced in that the cavitation bubbles hit a softer cushion consisting of air and water when condensing.
  • the transverse thruster is designed according to a further embodiment in such a way that the transmission housing, which has a circular cross section, is held on the tunnel tube by means of an elastic suspension using elastic molded bodies, with several molded bodies in the region of the upper wall of the tunnel tube engage radially on the gear housing and the ship-side fastening of the shaped bodies to the wall surface of the vertical tube-like extension tube is carried out
  • 10 denotes the hull of a ship in which a transverse thruster 20 is arranged.
  • This transverse thruster 20 is formed by a tunnel tube 21, the wall of which is designated 22.
  • a transmission housing 24 with a propeller nacelle 25, which has a propeller 26, is arranged in the interior of the tunnel tube 21.
  • the gear housing 24 with the propeller 26 is suspended in a tubular extension 23 which is formed on the tunnel tube 21.
  • an air supply tube 31 is arranged adjacent to the two lateral openings of the tunnel tube 21, each air supply tube 31 being provided with a number of air outlet openings 30 is.
  • These air supply pipes 31 are designed as ring pipes and are arranged on the outer wall surface of the tunnel pipe 22.
  • Each of the two ring tubes 31 has a number of air outlet ports 36, the air outlet openings 30 of which lie in the area of the wall surface 22 of the tunnel tube 21, although there is also the possibility of leading these air outlet ports 36 through the wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 to such an extent that the air outlet ports 36 come to rest with a small section in the interior of the tunnel tube 21 (FIG.
  • annular air supply pipes 31 are then connected via a further pipe 32 to a compressed air generating device indicated at 33 in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 1, both annular air supply pipes 31 are connected to one another at the bottom via an air connection line 34.
  • the size of the air outlet openings 30 is dimensioned such that the air can emerge in the finest distribution from this air.
  • the air outlet openings are preferably designed in the form of a nozzle, the size of the outlet opening also being able to be regulated.
  • the wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 can be provided with an annular, groove-shaped recess, in which the air supply tube 31 is then arranged.
  • the wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 can also be provided with a number of air outlet openings 30 which are let into the wall 22. The outside of the air outlet openings 30 is then connected to the compressed air generating device 33 via a corresponding air supply line.
  • the overall arrangement of the air outlet openings 30 is preferably such that an air stream running from the lateral openings of the tunnel tube 21 in the direction of the propeller 26 is generated, as can be seen from FIG. 1.
  • the elastic suspension 40 is carried out using shaped bodies 41 and 42, which consist of elastic plastics or other suitable elastic materials.
  • the shaped bodies 41 of the elastic suspension 40 are arranged approximately in the region of the upper wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 of the transverse thruster 20.
  • a number of shaped bodies 41 can be radially attached to the Intervene circular gearbox housing, the ship-side attachment of the molded body 41 is then carried out on the wall surface of the tubular extension 23.
  • annular molded body 41 which has an approximately U-shaped cross-sectional profile.
  • the two drive shaft sections are designated 27a, 27b.
  • the opposite ends of the two drive shaft sections 27a, 27b are arranged at a distance from one another and carry, for example, annular disks.
  • the two ring-shaped Disks of the two drive shaft sections 27a, 27b are then connected to one another via an annular, elastic molded body 42, so that an elastic suspension is achieved which contributes significantly to the reduction of the mechanical transmission noise.
  • the gear housing 24 can also be formed in two parts and connected via an elastic molded body. Fig.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment for a bracket with elastic suspension of the gear housing, using support arms 45, which are supported on the inner wall surface of the tunnel tube 21 and are fastened to the inner wall surface of the tunnel tube.
  • the free ends of these support arms 45 have an approximately U-shaped end profile, in which a fastening pin 46 engages, which is fastened to the gear housing 24, with the interposition of elastic molded bodies 41 (FIG. 6).
  • the propeller area is surrounded from the outside with a cavity filled with sand or a similar material, as can be seen from FIG. 1.
  • the tunnel tube 21 is double-walled, specifically with the formation of an intermediate space 51.
  • the outer wall is indicated at 50.
  • An insulating material or a sand filling 52 is arranged in the intermediate space 51. All such materials, including those made of plastics, which have roughly the same sound-reducing properties as sand are used as insulation materials.
  • the intermediate space 51 provided with an insulating material or with the sand filling 52 can extend over the entire area of the tunnel tube 21; however, there is also the possibility of this double-walled design of the tunnel tube 21 to be provided only in the area of the propeller 26. In addition, this double-walled configuration of the tunnel tube 21 can extend over the entire circumference of the tunnel tube.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

The transverse thruster consists of a transverse-thrust passage, formed in the hull and consisting of a tunnel tube, and a transmission housing arranged in this transverse-thrust passage and having a propeller, air-discharge openings (30) being formed in or at the wall (22) of the tunnel tube (21) in order to reduce noise during start-up, which air-discharge openings (30) are connected to an air compressor via at least one air-supply tube (31) and are of appropriate size for forming a finely distributed air flow. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Querstrahlruder, insbesondere Bugstrahlruder, für Schiffe, bestehend aus einem in dem Schiffskörper ausgebildeten, aus einem Tunnelrohr bestehenden Querschubkanal, in dem ein Getriebegehäuse mit einem Propeller angeordnet ist, wobei in oder an der Wand des Tunnelrohres Austrittsöffnungen zum Einführen eines Mediums unter Druck in den Propellerbereich ausgebildet sind.The invention relates to a transverse thruster, in particular a bow thruster, for ships, consisting of a transverse thrust channel formed in the hull and consisting of a tunnel tube, in which a transmission housing with a propeller is arranged, with outlet openings for introducing a medium under or on the wall of the tunnel tube Pressure in the propeller area are formed.

Derartige Querstrahlruder sind bekannt. Bei diesen läuft in einem querschiffs im Bug und/oder Heck angebrachten Kanal ein Propeller um und drückt das angesaugte Wasser, ähnlich wie eine Axialpumpe arbeitend, je nach der gewählten Drehrichtung oder der Flügelstellung bei Verstellpropellern nach Steuer- oder Backbord. Mit einer derartigen Querschubanlage wird inbesondere auch das Manövrieren eines Schiffes bei geringer Fahrt erleichtert.Such transverse thrusters are known. In these, a propeller rotates in a transversal ship in the bow and / or stern and presses the suctioned water, working like an axial pump, depending on the selected direction of rotation or the wing position for variable pitch propellers to starboard or port. With such a transverse thrust system, the maneuvering of a ship at low speeds is also made easier.

Beim Arbeiten von Querstrahlrudern entstehen meist unangenehme Geräusche, die besonders unter Wohn-und Aufenthaltsräumen auf Schiffen sehr belästigend wirken. Diese Geräusche entstehen durch das Arbeiten der Getriebezähne und durch Wassergeräusche, die vom Propeller kommen. Ferner entstehen bei den meist hochbelasteten Schrauben Kavitationen, d.h. Hohlraumbildung, durch Unterdruck. Wenn diese Dampfbläschen schlagartig kondensieren, entstehen hammerartige Schläge, die sich über die Tunnelwand in das Schiffsinnere als Körperschall sowie durchs Wasser als Wasserschall unangenehm bemerkbar machen. In den Wohnräumen bzw. Aufenthaltsräumen ist dann das Raumgeräusch für die Besatzung und Fahrgäste zum Teil unterträglich.When working with transverse thrusters, there are usually unpleasant noises that have a particularly annoying effect on ships, particularly in living rooms and lounges. These noises are caused by the working of the gear teeth and by water noises coming from the propeller. Furthermore, cavitation, ie the formation of cavities, occurs in the mostly highly stressed screws due to negative pressure. When these vapor bubbles condense suddenly, hammer-like blows occur, which are noticeably noticeable as structure-borne noise through the tunnel wall into the ship's interior and as water-borne noise through the water. In the living rooms or lounges, the room noise for the crew and passengers is partially subversive.

Durch die DE-B-2 644 844 ist ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zum Einführen von Gas und Wasser in den Propellerbereich eines Strahlruders bekannt. Dieses Verfahren besteht darin, daß Gas, z.B. Luft, und Wasser in gleichmäßigen Gemisch als gerichteter Strahl eingespritzt werden. Durch das Einspritzen eines Luft/Wasser-Gemisches in Form eines Strahles in den Propellerbereich soll die Geräuschverminderung weitgehend unabhängig von der damit verbundenen Leistungsverringerung verbessert werden. Das Problem, die bei der schlagartigen Kondensation der Kavitationsbläschen entstehenden hammerartigen Schläge zu dämmen, wird jedoch mit diesem Verfahren nicht erreicht, denn das nach diesem Verfahren mit der Luft in den Propellerbereich einströmende Wasser führt nicht zur Beseitigung oder Dämmung der durch die hammerartigen Schläge bei der Kondensation der Kavitationsbläschen entstehenden Druck- und Schallwellen, denn mit einem Luft/Wasser-Gemisch wird im Wasser kein ausreichendes weiches Polster geschaffen, welches in seiner Funktion als Absorptionskörper die vom Propeller durch Erzeugung von Kavitationsbläschen hervorgerufenen hammerartigen Schläge aufnimmt, so daß die bei der schlagartigen Kondensation von Kavitationsbläschen entstehenden hammerartigen Schläge und die damit verbundenen Schallwellen nicht ausreichend gedämmt bzw. absorbiert werden. Gerade durch die Zufuhr eines Luft/Wasser-Gemisches in den Propellerbereich wird zusätzlich Wasser in den Propellerbereich geleitet, durch das die Bildung und Entstehung hammerartiger Schläge noch unterstützt wird.DE-B-2 644 844 discloses a method and a device for introducing gas and water into the propeller area of a thruster. This method is that gas, e.g. Air and water are injected in a uniform mixture as a directed jet. By injecting an air / water mixture in the form of a jet into the propeller area, the noise reduction is to be improved largely independently of the associated reduction in performance. The problem of insulating the hammer-like impacts that occur during the sudden condensation of the cavitation bubbles is not achieved with this method, because the water flowing into the propeller area with the air after this method does not lead to the elimination or insulation of the hammer-like impacts during the Condensation of the cavitation bubbles resulting pressure and sound waves, because with an air / water mixture in the water is not sufficient soft cushion created, which in its function as an absorption body absorbs the hammer-like blows caused by the propeller by generating cavitation bubbles, so that in the sudden Condensation of cavitation bubbles resulting hammer-like blows and the associated sound waves are not adequately insulated or absorbed. Just by feeding an air / water mixture into the propeller area, additional water is led into the propeller area, which further supports the formation and formation of hammer-like blows.

Zur Schalldämmung von Querstrahl-Steueranlagen ist es durch die WO 84/03 078 bekannt, separate, mit Gas gefüllte Hohlräume in einem mit Wasser angefüllten Zwischenraum des doppelwandig ausgebildeten Tunnelgehäuses, in dem der Propeller angeordnet ist, zu schaffen.For sound insulation of transverse jet control systems, it is known from WO 84/03 078 to create separate, gas-filled cavities in a space filled with water in the double-walled tunnel housing in which the propeller is arranged.

Eine weitere Anordnung zur Schalldämmung geht aus der DE-A-2 803 336 hervor, die eine Anordnung zur Schalldämmung von Querstrahl-Steueranlagen für Schiffe betrifft, bei der das den Propeller aufnehmende Tunnelrohr unter Ausbildung eines ringförmigen Zwischenraumes in einem Querrohr angeordnet ist, das im Schiffskörper quer zu dessen Längsachse liegt. Die Wand des Tunnelrohres stützt sich dabei an der Wand des Querrohres unter Zwischenschaltung von elastischen Formkörpern ab. Eine derartige Anordnung dämmt die vom Tunnelrohr ausgehenden Schallwellen, jedoch die vom Getriebe bzw. vom Antrieb des Propellers ausgehenden Geräusche werden durch eine derartige elastische Aufhängung des Tunnelrohres nicht gemindert, da keine direkte elastische Aufhängung des Getriebegehäuses erfolgt. Die FR-A-2 252 949 sieht zur Verhinderung von Kavitationserosionen die Einführung von Druckluft in den Mantelbereich von ummantelten Propellern vor, wobei jedoch eine Ausbildung eines ringförmigen Druckluftzuführungsbereiches im Bereich der beidseitigen Öffnungen des Mantelrohres nicht vorgesehen ist, so daß kein Polster aus Luft und Wasser zur Absorption der bei der Kondensation von Kavitationsbläschen entstehenden hammerartigen Schläge gebildet werden kann.A further arrangement for sound insulation emerges from DE-A-2 803 336, which relates to an arrangement for sound insulation of transverse beam control systems for ships, in which the tunnel tube accommodating the propeller is arranged in an transverse tube with the formation of an annular intermediate space Hull is transverse to its longitudinal axis. The wall of the tunnel tube is supported on the wall of the cross tube with the interposition of elastic molded bodies. Such an arrangement insulates the sound waves emanating from the tunnel tube, but the noises emanating from the transmission or from the propeller drive are not reduced by such an elastic suspension of the tunnel tube, since there is no direct elastic suspension of the transmission housing. FR-A-2 252 949 provides for the introduction of compressed air into the jacket area of jacketed propellers to prevent cavitation erosion, but there is no formation of an annular compressed air supply area in the area of the two-sided openings of the jacket tube, so that no cushion of air and Water can be formed to absorb the hammer-like impacts that occur during the condensation of cavitation bubbles.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Minderung der durch beim schlagartigen Kondensieren von Kavitationsbläschen entstehenden hammerartigen, sich über die Tunnelwand in das Schiffsinnere als Körperschall geleiteten Schläge und die vom Propellergetriebe ausgehenden mechanischen Geräusche bei Querstrahlrudern zu erreichen, um die unangenehm auftretenden Geräusche beim Arbeiten von Querstrahlrudern zu vermeiden, die besonders unter Wohn-und Aufenthaltsräumen auf Schiffen sehr belästigend wirken.The invention has for its object to achieve a reduction in the hammer-like blows resulting from the sudden condensation of cavitation bubbles, which are conducted via the tunnel wall into the interior of the ship as structure-borne noise, and the mechanical noise emitted by the propeller gearbox in order to avoid the unpleasant noise that occurs when working Avoid lateral thrusters, which are particularly annoying under ships' living rooms and common rooms.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 gekennzeichneten Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features characterized in claim 1.

Durch die Zuführunjg von Druckluft unter Ausschluß von Wasser und durch die Feinverteilung der Luft in dem Wasser wird eine Minderung der Kavitationsgeräusche dadurch erreicht, daß die Kavitationsbläschen beim Kondensieren auf ein weicheres Polster, bestehend aus Luft und Wasser, auftreffen.By supplying compressed air with the exclusion of water and by the fine distribution of the air in the water, the cavitation noises are reduced in that the cavitation bubbles hit a softer cushion consisting of air and water when condensing.

Zur Minderung der mechanischen Getriebegeräusche ist das Querstrahlruder gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform in der Weise ausgebildet, daß das einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisende Getriebegehäuse mit dem Propeller an dem Tunnelrohr mittels einer elastischen Aufhängung unter Verwendung von elastischen Formkörpern gehalten ist, wobei mehrere Formkörper im Bereich der oberen Wand des Tunnelrohres radial an dem Getriebegehäuse angreifen und die schiffsseitige Befestigung der Formkörper an der Wandfläche des eine senkrechte, rohrartige Verlängerung aufweisenden Tunnelrohres erfolgtIn order to reduce the mechanical transmission noise, the transverse thruster is designed according to a further embodiment in such a way that the transmission housing, which has a circular cross section, is held on the tunnel tube by means of an elastic suspension using elastic molded bodies, with several molded bodies in the region of the upper wall of the tunnel tube engage radially on the gear housing and the ship-side fastening of the shaped bodies to the wall surface of the vertical tube-like extension tube is carried out

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch einen Schiffskörper mit einem Querstrahlruder,
  • Fig. 2 teils in Ansicht, teils in einem senkrechten Schnitt einen Abschnitt der Wandfläche des Tunnelrohres des Querstrahlruders mit elastisch aufgehängtem Getriebegehäuse und einer Umhüllung des Tunnelrohres von außen mit einem mit Sand gefüllten Hohlraum,
  • Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Aufhängung des Getriebegehäuses mit dem Propeller an der Wand des Tunnelrohres gemäß Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt gemäß Linie A-B in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnittes X in Fig. 3 und
  • Fig. 6 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnittes Y in Fig. 4.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 shows a cross section through a hull with a transverse thruster,
  • Fig. 2 partly in view, partly in a vertical section, a portion of the wall surface of the tunnel tube of the transverse thruster with an elastically suspended gear housing and an envelope of the tunnel tube from the outside with a cavity filled with sand,
  • 3 is an enlarged view of the suspension of the transmission housing with the propeller on the wall of the tunnel tube according to FIG. 2,
  • 4 shows a section along line AB in FIG. 3,
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of section X in Fig. 3 and
  • 6 is an enlarged view of section Y in FIG. 4th

Bei der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform eines Schiffsquerstrahlruders ist mit 10 der Schiffskörper eines Schiffes bezeichnet, in dem ein Querstrahlruder 20 angeordnet ist. Dieses Querstrahlruder 20 ist von einem Tunnelrohr 21 gebildet, dessen Wand mit 22 bezeichnet ist. Im Innenraum des Tunnelrohres 21 ist ein Getriebegehäuse 24 mit einer Propellergondel 25 angeordnet, die einen Propeller 26 aufweist. Das Getriebegehäuse 24 mit dem Propeller 26 ist in einer rohrartigen Verlängerung 23 aufgehängt, die an dem Tunnelrohr 21 ausgebildet ist.In the embodiment of a ship's transverse thruster shown in FIG. 1, 10 denotes the hull of a ship in which a transverse thruster 20 is arranged. This transverse thruster 20 is formed by a tunnel tube 21, the wall of which is designated 22. A transmission housing 24 with a propeller nacelle 25, which has a propeller 26, is arranged in the interior of the tunnel tube 21. The gear housing 24 with the propeller 26 is suspended in a tubular extension 23 which is formed on the tunnel tube 21.

Zum Einblasen und Feinverteilen von Luft in den Innenraum des Tunnelrohres 21 des Querstrahlruders 20 sind bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel benachbart zu den beiden seitlichen Öffnungen des Tunnelrohres 21 je ein Luftzuführungsrohr 31 angeordnet, wobei jedes Luftzuführungsrohr 31 mit einer Anzahl von Luftaustrittsöffnungen 30 versehen ist. Diese Luftzuführungsrohre 31 sind als Ringrohre ausgebildet und an der Außenwandfläche des Tunnelrohres 22 angeordnet. Jedes der beiden Ringrohre 31 weist eine Anzahl von Luftaustrittsstutzen 36 auf, deren Luftaustrittsöffnungen 30 im Bereich der Wandfläche 22 des Tunnelrohres 21 liegen, wobei jedoch auch die Möglichkeit besteht, diese Luftaustrittsstutzen 36 durch die Wand 22 des Tunnelrohres 21 soweit hindurchzuführen, daß die Luftaustrittsstutzen 36 mit einem kleinen Abschnitt im Innenraum des Tunnelrohres 21 zu liegen kommen (Fig.2). Eines der beiden ringförmigen Luftzuführungsrohre 31 steht dann über eine weitere Rohrleitung 32 mit einer in Fig. 2 bei 33 angedeuteten Drucklufterzeugungseinrichtung in Verbindung. Beide ringförmigen Luftzuführungsrohre 31 sind, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, bodenseitig über eine Luftverbindungsleitung 34 miteinander verbunden. Die Größe der Luftaustrittsöffnungen 30 ist so bemessen, daß aus diesen Luft in feinster Verteilung austreten kann. Vorzugsweise sind die Luftaustrittsöffnungen düsenförmig ausgebildet, wobei die Größe der Austrittsöffnung auch regelbar sein kann.For blowing and finely distributing air into the interior of the tunnel tube 21 of the transverse thruster 20, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, an air supply tube 31 is arranged adjacent to the two lateral openings of the tunnel tube 21, each air supply tube 31 being provided with a number of air outlet openings 30 is. These air supply pipes 31 are designed as ring pipes and are arranged on the outer wall surface of the tunnel pipe 22. Each of the two ring tubes 31 has a number of air outlet ports 36, the air outlet openings 30 of which lie in the area of the wall surface 22 of the tunnel tube 21, although there is also the possibility of leading these air outlet ports 36 through the wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 to such an extent that the air outlet ports 36 come to rest with a small section in the interior of the tunnel tube 21 (FIG. 2). One of the two annular air supply pipes 31 is then connected via a further pipe 32 to a compressed air generating device indicated at 33 in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 1, both annular air supply pipes 31 are connected to one another at the bottom via an air connection line 34. The size of the air outlet openings 30 is dimensioned such that the air can emerge in the finest distribution from this air. The air outlet openings are preferably designed in the form of a nozzle, the size of the outlet opening also being able to be regulated.

Es besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, die beiden ringförmigen Luftzuführungsrohre 31 in der Wand 22 des Tunnelrohres 21 des Querstrahlruders 20 anzuordnen. Hierzu kann die Wand 22 des Tunnelrohres 21 mit einer ringförmig verlaufenden, nutförmigen Einziehung versehen sein, in der dann das Luftzuführungsrohr 31 angeordnet ist. Die Wand 22 des Tunnelrohres 21 kann auch mit einer Anzahl von Luftaustrittsöffnungen 30 versehen sein, die in die Wand 22 eingelassen sind. Außenseitig sind dann die Luftaustrittsöffnungen 30 über eine entsprechende Luftzuführungsleitung mit der Drucklufterzeugungseinrichtung 33 verbunden. Die Gesamtanordnung der Luftaustrittsöffnungen 30 ist jedoch vorzugsweise derart, daß ein von den seitlichen öffnungen des Tunnelrohres 21 in Richtung zum Propeller 26 verlaufender Luftstrom erzeugt wird, so wie dies aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist.However, there is also the possibility of arranging the two annular air supply tubes 31 in the wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 of the transverse thruster 20. For this purpose, the wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 can be provided with an annular, groove-shaped recess, in which the air supply tube 31 is then arranged. The wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 can also be provided with a number of air outlet openings 30 which are let into the wall 22. The outside of the air outlet openings 30 is then connected to the compressed air generating device 33 via a corresponding air supply line. However, the overall arrangement of the air outlet openings 30 is preferably such that an air stream running from the lateral openings of the tunnel tube 21 in the direction of the propeller 26 is generated, as can be seen from FIG. 1.

Fig. 1 zeigt ferner die bei 40 angedeutete elastische Aufhängung des mechanischen Getriebegehäuses 24. Die elastische Aufhängung 40 erfolgt unter Verwendung von Formkörpern 41 bzw. 42, die aus elastischen Kunststoffen oder anderen geeigneten elastischen Werkstoffen bestehen.1 also shows the elastic suspension of the mechanical transmission housing 24 indicated at 40. The elastic suspension 40 is carried out using shaped bodies 41 and 42, which consist of elastic plastics or other suitable elastic materials.

Die Formkörper 41 der elastischen Aufhängung 40 sind in etwa im Bereich der oberen Wand 22 des Tunnelrohres 21 des Querstrahlruders 20 angeordnet. Hierzu kann eine Anzahl von Formkörpern 41 radial an dem einen z.B. kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Getriebegehäuse eingreifen, wobei die schiffsseitige Befestigung der Formkörper 41 dann an der Wandfläche der rohrartigen Verlängerung 23 erfolgt. Darüber hinaus besteht auch die Möglichkeit, einen ringförmigen formkörper 41 zu verwenden, der ein etwa U-förmiges Querschnittsprofil aufweist. In den von den beiden Schenkeln und dem Steg des U-förmigen Formkörpers m41 gebildeten Innenraum greift dann eine armartige Halterung 28 ein, die an der Innenwandfläche der rohrartigen Verlängerung 23 des Tunnelrohres 21 angeordnet ist.The shaped bodies 41 of the elastic suspension 40 are arranged approximately in the region of the upper wall 22 of the tunnel tube 21 of the transverse thruster 20. For this purpose, a number of shaped bodies 41 can be radially attached to the Intervene circular gearbox housing, the ship-side attachment of the molded body 41 is then carried out on the wall surface of the tubular extension 23. In addition, there is also the possibility of using an annular molded body 41 which has an approximately U-shaped cross-sectional profile. An arm-like holder 28, which is arranged on the inner wall surface of the tubular extension 23 of the tunnel tube 21, then engages in the interior space formed by the two legs and the web of the U-shaped molded body m41.

Darüber hinaus besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die bei 27 angedeutete Propellerantriebswelle 27 geteilt auszubilden. Die beiden Antriebswellenabschnitte sind mit 27a,27b bezeichnet. Die sich gegenüberliegenden Enden der beiden Antriebswellenabschnitte 27a,27b sind in einem Abstand voneinander angeordnet und tragen z.B. ringförmige Scheiben. Die beiden ringförmigen Scheiben der beiden Antriebswellenabschnitte 27a,27b sind dann über einen ringförmigen, elastischen Formkörper 42 miteinander verbunden, so daß eine elastische Aufhängung erreicht wird, die ganz wesentlich zur Minderung der mechanischen Getriebegeräusche beiträgt. Auch das Getriebegehäuse 24 kann zweiteilig ausgebildet und über einen elastischen Formkörper verbunden sein. Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform für eine Halterung mit elastischer Aufhängung des Getriebegehäuses, und zwar unter Verwendung von Tragarmen 45, die sich an der Innenwandfläche des Tunnelrohres 21 abstützen und an der Innenwandfläche des Tunnelrohres befestigt sind. Die freien Enden dieser Tragarme 45 weisen ein etwa U-förmiges Endprofil auf, in das ein Befestigungszapfen 46 eingreift, der an dem Getriebegehäuse 24 befestigt ist, und zwar unter Zwischenschaltung von elastischen Formkörpern 41 (Fig.6).In addition, there is also the possibility of dividing the propeller drive shaft 27 indicated at 27. The two drive shaft sections are designated 27a, 27b. The opposite ends of the two drive shaft sections 27a, 27b are arranged at a distance from one another and carry, for example, annular disks. The two ring-shaped Disks of the two drive shaft sections 27a, 27b are then connected to one another via an annular, elastic molded body 42, so that an elastic suspension is achieved which contributes significantly to the reduction of the mechanical transmission noise. The gear housing 24 can also be formed in two parts and connected via an elastic molded body. Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment for a bracket with elastic suspension of the gear housing, using support arms 45, which are supported on the inner wall surface of the tunnel tube 21 and are fastened to the inner wall surface of the tunnel tube. The free ends of these support arms 45 have an approximately U-shaped end profile, in which a fastening pin 46 engages, which is fastened to the gear housing 24, with the interposition of elastic molded bodies 41 (FIG. 6).

Zur Minderung des Körperschalls ist der Propellerbereich von außen mit einem mit Sand oder einem ähnlichen Material gefüllten Hohlraum umgeben, wie dies aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist. Hierzu ist das Tunnelrohr 21 doppelwandig, und zwar unter Ausbildung eines Zwischenraumes 51, ausgebildet. Die Außenwand ist bei 50 angedeutet. In dem Zwischenraum 51 ist ein Dämmaterial oder eine Sandfüllung 52 angeordnet. Als Dämmaterialien kommen alle solchen Materialien, und zwar auch solche aus Kunststoffen, zum Einsatz, die in etwa gleiche schallmindernde Eigenschaften wie Sand aufweisen. Der mit einem Dämmaterial oder mit der Sandfüllung 52 versehene Zwischenraum 51 kann sich über den gesamten Bereich des Tunnelrohres 21 erstrecken; es besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, diese doppelwandige Ausbildung des Tunnelrohres 21 ausschließlich im Bereich des Propellers 26 vorzusehen. Außerdem kann diese doppelwandige Ausgestaltung des Tunnelrohres 21 sich über den gesamten Umfang des Tunnelrohres erstrecken.To reduce structure-borne noise, the propeller area is surrounded from the outside with a cavity filled with sand or a similar material, as can be seen from FIG. 1. For this purpose, the tunnel tube 21 is double-walled, specifically with the formation of an intermediate space 51. The outer wall is indicated at 50. An insulating material or a sand filling 52 is arranged in the intermediate space 51. All such materials, including those made of plastics, which have roughly the same sound-reducing properties as sand are used as insulation materials. The intermediate space 51 provided with an insulating material or with the sand filling 52 can extend over the entire area of the tunnel tube 21; however, there is also the possibility of this double-walled design of the tunnel tube 21 to be provided only in the area of the propeller 26. In addition, this double-walled configuration of the tunnel tube 21 can extend over the entire circumference of the tunnel tube.

Claims (2)

  1. Transverse thruster, particularly a bow thruster, for ships, comprising a transverse thrust duct constructed in the ship's hull (10) and consisting of a tunnel duct (21), in which a gear box casing (24) with a propeller (26) is accommodated, in which, in or on the wall (22) of the tunnel duct (21), discharge orifices (30) are constructed for the introduction of a medium under pressure into the propeller area, characterized in that the discharge orifices (30) are, by means of at least one supply pipe (31), communicating with a compressed air generating means (33) for supplying compressed air with the exclusion of water into the propeller area and for forming a soft cushion consisting of air and water for the absorption of the hammer-like blows produced by the small cavitation bubbles obtained by the condensation, in which the tunnel duct (21), adjacent to its two lateral apertures on its outer wall area, is provided with an annularly constructed air duct (31) each, in that each air duct (31) provided with air supply connecting pieces possesses air discharge orifices (30) disposed within the area of the wall (22) or in the interior of the tunnel duct (31), in that the two annular air supply pipes (31) intercommunicate with the aid of an air connection line (34), and in that one of the two annular air supply pipes (31) communicates with the compressed air generating means (33).
  2. Transverse thruster according to Claim 1, characterized in that the gear box casing (24) possessing a circular cross-section it retained together with the propeller (26) within the tunnel duct (21) with the aid of an elastic suspension (40) wherein use is made of elastic shaped members (41), in which several shaped members (41), within the area of the upper wall (22) of the tunnel duct (21) engage radially on the gear box casing (24), and in which the attachment on the hull of the ship of the shaped members (41) is effected on the wall area of the tunnel duct (21) possessing a vertical, pipe-like extension (23).
EP88109904A 1987-08-18 1988-06-22 Transverse thruster for ships, particularly a bow thruster Expired - Lifetime EP0306642B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88109904T ATE83992T1 (en) 1987-08-18 1988-06-22 THRUSTER, ESPECIALLY BOW THRUSTER, FOR SHIPS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8711216U 1987-08-18
DE8711216U DE8711216U1 (en) 1987-08-18 1987-08-18 Transverse thrusters, in particular bow thrusters, for ships

Publications (3)

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EP0306642A2 EP0306642A2 (en) 1989-03-15
EP0306642A3 EP0306642A3 (en) 1989-08-09
EP0306642B1 true EP0306642B1 (en) 1992-12-30

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EP88109904A Expired - Lifetime EP0306642B1 (en) 1987-08-18 1988-06-22 Transverse thruster for ships, particularly a bow thruster

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EP (1) EP0306642B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE83992T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8711216U1 (en)

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003047966A2 (en) 2001-12-05 2003-06-12 Jastram Gmbh & Co. Kg Transverse thruster, in particular a bow thruster for ships
DE102014209426A1 (en) 2014-05-19 2015-11-19 Fr. Lürssen Werft Gmbh & Co. Kg Transverse thruster with air injection
DE202018100926U1 (en) 2018-02-20 2018-03-15 Schottel Gmbh Thrusters
WO2022188988A1 (en) 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Wärtsilä Netherlands B.V. A propulsion assembly for a marine vessel

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DE102005052118A1 (en) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-31 Mathias Schmitz hull
SE533107C2 (en) * 2008-04-03 2010-06-29 Rolls Royce Ab Method and arrangement for attaching and / or disassembling / assembling a tunnel cluster
KR101034332B1 (en) 2009-06-29 2011-05-16 대우조선해양 주식회사 Integrated structure for hull structure and thruster receptacle
KR101271693B1 (en) * 2010-05-10 2013-06-04 삼성중공업 주식회사 Propulsion apparatus for ship and ship including the same
DE102011055998A1 (en) 2011-12-02 2013-06-06 Schottel Gmbh Thrusters
DE102013109713B4 (en) * 2013-09-05 2020-10-29 Jastram Gmbh & Co. Kg Cross thruster system and control method for a cross thruster system

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DE2355974A1 (en) * 1973-11-09 1975-05-22 Becker Kg Gebr Cooling system for ship's bows tranverse thruster drive - using water flow through thruster with double walled duct to hold coolant
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NL7500087A (en) * 1974-02-01 1975-08-05 Mannesmann Ag DRIVE SETUP FOR SHIPS.
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US4629432A (en) * 1983-02-04 1986-12-16 Brodr. Brunvoll Motorfabrikk A/S Elastically supported thruster structure

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003047966A2 (en) 2001-12-05 2003-06-12 Jastram Gmbh & Co. Kg Transverse thruster, in particular a bow thruster for ships
DE102014209426A1 (en) 2014-05-19 2015-11-19 Fr. Lürssen Werft Gmbh & Co. Kg Transverse thruster with air injection
DE102014209426B4 (en) * 2014-05-19 2016-10-27 Fr. Lürssen Werft Gmbh & Co. Kg Transverse thruster with air injection
DE202018100926U1 (en) 2018-02-20 2018-03-15 Schottel Gmbh Thrusters
WO2022188988A1 (en) 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Wärtsilä Netherlands B.V. A propulsion assembly for a marine vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0306642A2 (en) 1989-03-15
EP0306642A3 (en) 1989-08-09
DE8711216U1 (en) 1987-10-01
ATE83992T1 (en) 1993-01-15
DE3877096D1 (en) 1993-02-11

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