EP0303541B1 - Farbspritzanlage für Beschichtungsprodukte, zum Beispiel für wasserlösliche Farbe - Google Patents

Farbspritzanlage für Beschichtungsprodukte, zum Beispiel für wasserlösliche Farbe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0303541B1
EP0303541B1 EP88402081A EP88402081A EP0303541B1 EP 0303541 B1 EP0303541 B1 EP 0303541B1 EP 88402081 A EP88402081 A EP 88402081A EP 88402081 A EP88402081 A EP 88402081A EP 0303541 B1 EP0303541 B1 EP 0303541B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
reservoir
installation according
product
conduit
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EP88402081A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0303541A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Prus
Adrien Lacchia
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Sames SA
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Sames SA
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Priority claimed from FR8711577A external-priority patent/FR2619322B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR878713855A external-priority patent/FR2621500B2/fr
Priority claimed from FR888808944A external-priority patent/FR2633532B2/fr
Application filed by Sames SA filed Critical Sames SA
Publication of EP0303541A1 publication Critical patent/EP0303541A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
    • B05B5/1625—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
    • B05B5/1625—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom
    • B05B5/1633—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom the arrangement comprising several supply lines arranged in parallel, each comprising such an intermediate container

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an installation for spraying a coating product, in particular a conductive coating product, such as a water-soluble paint or a metallized paint, applied electrostatically; it relates more particularly to a new arrangement making it possible to rapidly ensure changes to such products.
  • a coating product in particular a conductive coating product, such as a water-soluble paint or a metallized paint, applied electrostatically; it relates more particularly to a new arrangement making it possible to rapidly ensure changes to such products.
  • the invention finds its preferred field of application in the fields where the objects to be covered follow one another along the same projection location and where any two consecutive objects must generally be covered by coating products of different colors. Such operating constraints imposing extremely rapid color change cycles are encountered in particular in the automotive industry for painting bodywork elements.
  • the invention is more particularly intended to solve the additional problems posed, in this context, the electrostatic application of water-soluble paints or certain metallized paints, relatively conductive.
  • a paint spraying installation in a production unit as large as an automobile manufacturing plant, for example, generally comprises several very long closed-loop paint circulation circuits (these circuits can cross an entire part from the factory) which establish the link between large paint tanks and the different projection booths. It is therefore necessary to provide such a circuit by color and another similar circuit for the solvent or the cleaning product. For obvious safety reasons, these circuits are connected to earth.
  • the objects to be painted in this case the automobile bodies, in the example envisaged, are carried by means of conveying through the cabin, in which there are electrostatic projection means capable of operating in a certain "activity zone" inside the cabin.
  • projection means can be "bowls” rotating at high speed, or pneumatic or hydrostatic spraying.
  • One of the usual problems to solve in this type of installation is that of the color change between two consecutive objects. Indeed, in the automobile industry, in particular, there is no question of painting the bodies in series, according to the color. The most frequent case, on the contrary, is that where the color must practically be changed after each bodywork. This implies being able to implement rinsing and drying cycles of the projection means, which are extremely rapid. For example, a color change can take place every minute or so and the time allowed for carrying out all the operations necessary for the color change is of the order of ten seconds.
  • coating product changing unit or, more simply, “color changing unit”.
  • coloring product changing unit Conventionally, to change color, it is necessary to close the valve of the coating product circuit used, a certain time (calculated) before the end of the spraying phase in progress, then open the compressed air valve to push the remaining product to the projector. A cleaning cycle is then carried out comprising a succession of injections of cleaning product and compressed air until the conduits are clean and dry. Finally, another valve from another coating product circuit is open to fill the manifold. and ducts until a little new color coating comes out of the projector. A new paint projection phase can then begin.
  • the collector When the installation has only a small number of coating products of different colors, for example three or four, the collector can be placed fairly close to the projector. On the other hand, when there are too many different coating products (there can be up to twenty or more) this solution is no longer practicable and the color change unit must then be placed away from the spotlights.
  • the projection means are subject to large displacements parallel to the largest dimension of these objects, in particular in the case of robots, for example five or six meters.
  • the color change unit is very far from the projector (s), which considerably increases the volumes of conduits to be cleaned, and therefore the time of the color change sequences. Therefore, with each change of color, the amounts of coating product and cleaning product lost are significant, of the order of several hundred cubic centimeters.
  • American patent 4348425 describes an installation in which, at the end of spraying, the coating product is pushed by another fluid, for example a solvent.
  • the invention relates to an installation for spraying conductive coating product by electrostatic means of the type comprising a product change unit, coating connected to earth, means for supplying rinsing product, at least one distribution circuit in downstream of said unit and supplying at least one electrostatic projector ensuring the spraying of said coating product, said distribution circuit being sequentially brought to a high voltage applied to said projector, characterized in that said distribution circuit comprises an intermediate reservoir constituted by a section conduit of this circuit and in that controlled connection means are arranged to push said coating product, in the spraying phase, from said rinsing product.
  • At least one insulating conduit is provided between the parts connected to earth and the parts connected to high voltage. It is then possible to maintain an air circulation in such an insulating duct, to complete the drying and to avoid any short-circuit phenomenon attributable in particular to a possible ionization of the humid air in the pipes.
  • At least part of such aforesaid insulating conduit is shaped as a serpentine, preferably oriented so that its axis is substantially horizontal. This prevents the formation of a continuous film of liquid inside the conduit. The electrical "path” is thus cut at each turn and the liquid droplets are "trapped", pending their complete evaporation, in the substantially horizontal parts of the coil.
  • the installation is also characterized in that said controlled connection means are arranged between, on the one hand, said section of conduit and on the other hand, said unit and means for supplying rinse aid isolated from the ground, so as to be able to push said coating product, in the electrostatic spraying phase, from rinse aid coming from these isolated supply means.
  • the usual rinsing product for water-soluble paints is water containing a certain proportion of an alcohol; it is therefore necessary to have a certain volume of rinse aid in an electrically isolable tank from the ground, so that the spotlight (s) are not earthed by the column of paint and rinse aid.
  • the presence of a tank carried periodically at high voltage and which may not find a place in the cabinets where the elements at high voltage of the projector are locked can, in certain cases, become a drawback.
  • a variant according to the invention proposes an installation of coating product according to the basic definition set out above, for the application of said product electrostatically, where said coating product changing unit is connected to the earth, and where the distribution circuit is, at least in the projection phase, connected to a high voltage applied to at least one electrostatic projector, characterized in that, the rinsing product being chosen with high resistivity, a flow sensor connected to the earth is arranged upstream of the distribution circuit, and a guard pipe is inserted between this flow sensor and said reservoir section with a length and a section such that, filled with said high resistivity rinse aid, it is capable of divert only a small part of the current consumed by the projector to said earth flow sensor.
  • the guard pipe will consist of a tube of section as small as possible taking into account the admissible pressure drops, into which the rinsing liquid will be injected following the quantity of coating product required. Due to the small cross-section of the guard line, and the speed of progression of the rinse aid, most of the rinse will be obtained in the front parts of the rinse aid column, and the diffusion of the remains of the rinse aid coating upstream of this column will be minimal; thus, when the flow sensor has signaled that the paint advancement front reaches the headlamp, an insulating column of rinse aid will have formed in the guard pipe, and will limit the bypass of electric current from the headlamp raised to high voltage at an acceptable value, despite the significant conductivity of the coating product in the reservoir section.
  • controlled connection means can be confused with the set of controlled valves of the product change unit, all the circuits which are located upstream of the grounded flow sensor being protected against current shifts from the projector (s).
  • the coating product and the insulating rinse aid can be propelled by a positive displacement pump, preferably geared, immediately upstream of the flow sensor, and here earthed. This propulsion can be ensured by an overpressure of the supplies of coating and rinsing products, in cooperation with a rinsable pressure regulator known per se, disposed between the reservoir section and the projector (s).
  • a purge circuit is mounted as a bypass on the distribution circuit immediately upstream of the projector (s), this purge circuit comprising a valve controlled near the distribution circuit, and an electrical isolation pipe opening into a collector. mass purge.
  • an isolated, controlled connection circuit is arranged between the guard line and the reservoir section, and capable of switching this reservoir section between the guard line and a rinsing circuit, and bypassing the guard line on a purge manifold, isolation pipes being arranged between the controlled connection circuit and the flushing circuit, and the purge manifold, respectively.
  • the outlet of the collector 15 is connected to the distribution circuit 12 by isolation means comprising a conduit made of insulating material, here called the first isolation conduit 20, a controlled valve 21 and purging means 22.
  • the downstream end of the insulation conduit 20 is connected to the distribution circuit 12 via the valve 21 and to the purge means 22 via a controlled valve 25, via a portion of insulating conduit 24.
  • the installation also includes purge means 26 connected via a valve 27, to the distribution circuit 12 at the downstream end thereof, that is to say in the vicinity of the projector 13.
  • a pressure regulator 29, rinsable, of a known type, is connected to the downstream end of the circuit 12, that is to say as close as possible to the projector 13.
  • a flow sensor 30, which will be described in detail below, is also inserted into circuit 12 near its upstream end.
  • a cleaning unit 35 is connected by a valve 36 to the purge means 26, the connection being made in the vicinity of the valve 27 so as to be able to clean and dry the portion of conduit 28 connecting this valve 27 to the means of the purge 26.
  • the purge means 22 and 26 are connected to the earth.
  • the cleaning unit 35 comprises controlled connection means able to put successively in communication with the valve 36, either the rinsing product circulation circuit 17, or a compressed air distribution circuit 18.
  • the conduit 37 connecting the cleaning unit 35 at valve 36 is made of material insulating, the cleaning unit 35 being earthed.
  • conduits which connect the various constituent elements of the installation, are advantageously made of insulating material.
  • Some of them such as for example the conduit 20 mentioned above, whose specific function is to allow electrical insulation between two important parts of the installation when one of them is brought to high voltage, are more specifically called "insulation conduits".
  • the length of such an insulation pipe is calculated so that it has sufficient resistance to high voltage, once it has been cleaned with rinse aid and dried internally with water. 'pressurized air.
  • An intermediate tank 41 which can be rinsed off, is part of the distribution circuit 12 and, according to an important characteristic of the invention, this intermediate tank consists of a section of conduit of length AB of this distribution circuit 12.
  • this section duct is made of insulating material, and its length is determined according to the volume of paint required to completely cover an object.
  • the circuit 12 is also connected, by means of controlled connection means, on the one hand to the color changing unit 11 and on the other hand, to means for supplying rinse aid 40, isolated of the earth.
  • said controlled connection means comprise the valve 21 already mentioned, and a controlled valve 45, inserted between the upstream end of the circuit 12 and an outlet conduit 42 of a tank 44 containing said rinse aid. This tank 44 is electrically isolated from the ground.
  • the reservoir 44 is connected to a supply and pressurization unit 46 capable of delivering rinsing product coming from a circuit 47 (to complete the level in the reservoir 44) and compressed air coming from a circuit 48.
  • the compressed air serves both to establish the pressure in the tank 44 and to dry the insulating conduit 49 connecting the unit 46 to the tank, after a refreshing phase of the latter.
  • the high voltage is set to zero and the color change unit 11 is controlled to select one of the paints. This flows towards the projector, the valves 21 and 27 being open.
  • the valve corresponding to the paint selected in unit 11 is closed and that of circuit 17 is opened simultaneously. From this moment, the paint is pushed by rinse aid coming from circuit 17.
  • the lengths of conduits are calculated so that, when the paint reaches the projector (point B) the "limit" between the rinse aid and the paint, is located at A, that is to say at a point located downstream of the valve 21 and (preferably) downstream of the flow sensor 30.
  • valve 27 is closed and the valves 25 and 45 are opened. This ensures continuity of the pushing fluid (that is to say the rinsing product) between the pressurized reservoir 44 and the distribution circuit 12. The product rinsing, which then comes from the reservoir 44, is directed for a short time to the purging means 22 through the valve 25.
  • the high voltage is then established and painting begins by opening the valve 45.
  • the flow is constantly monitored and regulated from the flow sensor 30 and the pressure regulator 29, via the computer.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to clean the distribution circuit 12, the flow sensor 30 and the various valves immediately after the passage of the paint, since the latter is pushed by rinsing product. To this saving of time, there is added that which results from the fact that the shape of the intermediate reservoir 41, that is to say the section of conduit of length AB, is that which is most easily and quickly cleaned.
  • the flow sensor 30 is brought to high voltage during the projection phase; it must therefore be able to develop a signal that can be used despite the presence of this high voltage.
  • a sensor with a mechanical structure similar to that of a gear pump will be used.
  • the sensor is traversed by the liquid which drives rotating gear wheels.
  • These can therefore easily be used to develop a variable frequency signal as a function of the flow rate, thanks to an appropriate transducer placed opposite a toothed wheel.
  • This transducer can for example be of variable reluctance. Isolation can be ensured by a transformation into light pulses and a transfer by optical fiber.
  • FIG. 2 The embodiment of FIG. 2 is very similar to that of FIG. 1.
  • the analogous elements bear the same reference numbers and will not be described again.
  • the sequencing is the same.
  • the pressure regulator 29 is eliminated, while a volumetric pump 50, rinsable, is inserted in the distribution circuit 12, preferably in the vicinity of the flow sensor 30, that is to say near the upstream end of the distribution circuit 12.
  • the flushable pump 50 is a gear pump. Under these conditions, the pressure of the compressed air in the circuit 48 and therefore in the reservoir 44 can be much lower (of the order of a few bars) since it is only used for feeding the pump 50. filling, therefore the color change, is nevertheless faster and the product is not subjected to strong pressure variations. It only “rises” in pressure when it is going to be sprayed.
  • the embodiment of Figure 3 further reduces the time of color change operations.
  • the distribution circuit described with reference to FIG. 1, is replaced by two distribution circuits 12 a , 12 b so as to be able to clean and fill a distribution circuit during the spraying of the paint previously engaged in the other distribution channel.
  • each distribution channel 12, 12b therefore comprises a pipe section forming intermediate tank 41 a, 41 b, rinsable and means for controlled connection are arranged to alternately connect each of these duct sections at the color changing unit 11 and to the means for supplying rinse aid 40, respectively.
  • the insulated reservoir 44 connected as previously to a supply and pressurization unit 46, communicates with the two circuits 12 a and 12 b via (in particular) two valves 45 a , 45 b controlled, respectively.
  • a first flow sensor 60 is inserted between the outlet of the reservoir 44 and the two common inlets of the two valves 45 a , 45 b .
  • the color changing unit 11 also communicates with the two circuits 12 a and 12 b via (in particular) two controlled valves 64 a , 64 b , while a second flow sensor 61 is inserted between the output of the unit 11 and the two common inlets of the two valves 64 a , 64 b .
  • the pressure regulator 29 is here inserted immediately upstream of the projector 13 or of a group of such projectors. This projector is here common to the two distribution circuits 12 a , 12 b .
  • the purge means 26 are connected immediately upstream of this regulator via a controlled valve 62.
  • the output of the flow sensor 61, associated with the color changing unit is connected by the valve 64 a to a first isolation conduit 20 a extending between the valve 64 a and an inlet of a three-way valve tracks 66 a (of the type with two inputs and one output).
  • Said first conduit insulation 20 therefore plays the same role as the conduit 20 which is described with reference to Figure 1.
  • a three-way valve 65 has two inputs and an output, has one of its inputs connected at the outlet of the valve 45 a and its other inlet connected to a cleaning unit 68 a similar to the unit 35 of the installation of FIG. 1.
  • the output of the valve 65 a is connected to the other inlet of the valve 66 a via a second insulating duct 70 a.
  • valve 66 a The output of the valve 66 a is connected to purge means 22 is controlled via a valve 25 and a conduit section 41a forming the intermediate tank circuit 12 has, via a valve 74 a.
  • the intermediate reservoir 41 a of length AB therefore extends here between the valve 74 a and a valve 27 a .
  • the downstream end of the section of conduit of length AB is also connected to purging means 78 a via a controlled valve 79 a .
  • the output of the valve 27 a is connected to the pressure regulator 29 via a third insulating duct 82 a and a valve 83 is commanded, in the vicinity of said regulator.
  • the cleaning unit 35 a is connected to the outlet of the valve 27 a via a controlled valve 36 a . All these circuits and valves are easily rinsable.
  • each isolation duct is connected, by means of controlled valves, upstream to cleaning means and downstream to purging means.
  • these cleaning units and purging means are automatically electrically isolated at each cleaning phase by the rinsing and drying operations of the insulating conduits which terminate therein, as explained with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 1. It the same is true of the means 46 relative to the rinse aid reservoir 44.
  • the distribution circuit 12 b is strictly identical to the circuit 12 a and the corresponding elements have the same numerical references with the index b instead of a .
  • controlled valves 45 b , 64 b , 25 b , 74 b , 79 b , 27 b , 36 b and 83 b three-way controlled valves 65 b and 66 b , cleaning means 68 b and 35 b , the purge means 22 b and 78 b , the insulation conduits 20 b , 70 b and 82 b and, of course, the insulating conduit forming an intermediate reservoir 41 b . All these elements are interconnected in the same way so that the circuit 12b does not need to be described again.
  • the computer controls all of the valves as well as the pressure regulator 29; it receives signals developed from the two flow sensors 60 and 61.
  • the isolation conduits 82 a and 82 b which have the function only of "holding” the high voltage once rinsed and dry, have smaller sections than other conduits. The quantity of product contained in these conduits is therefore small compared to that which is contained in the section 41 a or 41 b forming the rinsable tank.
  • the conduits 82 a , 82 b and the valves and cleaning means which relate thereto can be omitted if two independent projectors 13 and two groups of such projectors are provided.
  • the operation is as follows.
  • the circuit 12 b is therefore ready to paint, the paint being located between the closed valves 74 b and 27 b . This situation is reached during the projection phase using the distribution circuit 12 a , therefore without loss of time.
  • the circuit 12 b is then isolated from the high voltage by the conduits 70 b , 20 a and 82 b which have been previously cleaned and dried.
  • the downstream end of the insulation conduit 220 is connected to the distribution circuit 212 by means of the valve 221 and to the purging means 222 by means of a controlled valve 225, via a portion of insulating conduit 224.
  • the installation also includes purge means 226 connected via a valve 227, to the distribution circuit 212 at the downstream end thereof, that is to say in the vicinity of the headlamp 213.
  • a rinsable pressure regulator 229 of a known type is connected to the downstream end of the circuit 212, that is to say as close as possible to the headlamp 213.
  • a flow sensor 230 which will be described in detail below, is also inserted into the circuit 212 in the vicinity of its upstream end.
  • a cleaning unit 235 is connected by a valve 236 to the purge means 226, the connection being made in the vicinity of the valve 227 so as to be able to clean and dry the portion of insulating conduit 228 connecting this valve 227 to the purge means 226
  • the purge means 222 and 226 are connected to the ground.
  • the cleaning unit 235 comprises controlled connection means able to successively put in communication with the valve 236, either the rinsing product circulation circuit 217, or the compressed air distribution circuit 218.
  • the conduit 237 connecting the cleaning unit 235 to the valve 236 is an insulating conduit, the unit 235 being grounded.
  • the sequencing is such that during at least part of a coating product projection phase (that is to say while the circuit 212 is connected at high voltage) air circulation can be maintained in certain insulating conduits, in particular here said insulating conduit 220 and insulating conduits 224, 237, 228 and 249.
  • This air circulation can be established for conduits 220 and 240 from the supply circuit 218 via the color change block and the valve 225 left open for this purpose.
  • the air circulation can be established from the distribution circuit 218 via the unit 235 and the valve 236 left open for this purpose.
  • the air circulation can be established from the distribution circuit 248 via the unit 246, possibly creating a slight air leak at the level of the reservoir 244.
  • rinsable insulating conduits 220, 224, 237 and 249 are at least partly shaped as a serpentine, preferably oriented substantially horizontally, for the reasons indicated above.
  • the high voltage 213 a is set to zero and the color change unit 111 is controlled to select one of the paints. This flows towards the projector, the valves 221 and 227 being open.
  • the valve corresponding to the paint selected in the unit 211 is closed and that of the circuit 217 is opened simultaneously. From this moment, the painting is thrust by rinse aid coming from circuit 217.
  • the lengths of conduits are calculated so that, when the paint reaches the projector (point B) the "limit" between the rinse aid and the paint, is located at A, c ' that is to say at a point located downstream of the valve 221 and (preferably) downstream of the flow sensor 230.
  • valve 227 is closed and the valves 225 and 245 are opened. This ensures continuity of the pushing fluid (that is to say the rinsing product) between the pressurized reservoir 244 and the distribution circuit 212.
  • the product rinsing which then comes from the reservoir 244, is directed for a short time to the purging means 222 through the valve 225.
  • valves are closed and the valve 225 is opened again.
  • cleaning and then drying of the conduits 228 and 237 is carried out from the cleaning unit 235 and from the conduit 249 from the unit 246.
  • the high voltage is then established and painting begins by opening the valve 245.
  • the flow is constantly monitored and regulated from the flow sensor 230 and the pressure regulator 229, via the computer.
  • the air circulation is maintained in the aforementioned insulating conduits.
  • FIG. 3 shows an installation comprising two distribution circuits in parallel, operating alternately. This installation therefore comprises a greater number of insulating conduits and in particular of insulating conduits as defined, between the color changing unit and each of the circuits of distribution, between the distribution circuits themselves and also between each of the distribution circuits and the projectors.
  • FIGS 5 to 9 show another development of the invention and the structural elements similar to those of Figures 1 to 3 bear the same reference numerals.
  • a gear pump 50 of the so-called rinsable type, is disposed at the outlet of a coating product changing unit 11, generally electrically connected to earth (ground). electrically connected to ground, which flows into a distribution circuit 12, via a flow sensor 30, of a type derived from a gear pump.
  • a distribution circuit 12 At the end of the distribution circuit 12 is connected an electrostatic type projector 13, with a needle valve 14 for controlling the admission of paint into the projector.
  • This projector 13, of the rotating head or pneumatic or hydrostatic spray type is simple or multiple depending on the applications; it is connected to a high voltage source 13 a , interruptible.
  • the distribution circuit 12 comprises a bypass a purge circuit, comprising a controlled valve 27 in the immediate vicinity of the circuit 12, an isolation conduit 28, and a purge manifold 26, connected to earth .
  • Isolation pipes or insulation pipes are referred to here as above, pipes made of insulating material the length of which is sufficient to withstand the high voltage after having been rinsed and dried internally with compressed air.
  • the distribution circuit 12 comprises a reservoir section 41, the length and the passage section of which are determined to define a volume at least equal to that of the quantity of paint required for an object (i.e. around 0.3 liters for a car body).
  • a reservoir section 41 the length and the passage section of which are determined to define a volume at least equal to that of the quantity of paint required for an object (i.e. around 0.3 liters for a car body).
  • tubes whose internal diameter is of the order of 4 to 6 mm; the length of the reservoir section is then 25 to 10 meters.
  • a guard pipe 112 is arranged, with a diameter smaller than that of the reservoir section.
  • a high resistivity rinse aid > 106 ⁇ .m
  • the cross-section of the guard pipe, and the length have been determined so that the resistance of the filling liquid column is sufficient so that the bypass current in the liquid column in response to the high voltage is negligible compared to the own consumption of the projector.
  • a guard pipe 1 m long and 2 mm in inside diameter offers, filled with a flushing liquid with a resistivity of 106 ⁇ .m, a resistance of 3.2 ⁇ 1011 ⁇ . Under a high voltage of 50 kV, the through current will be of the order of 0.16 ⁇ A.
  • the high voltage 13 a is cut, and the needle 14 of the projector 13 closes; at this time, the entire distribution circuit 12 is filled with rinse aid, as will be explained below.
  • the purge valve 27 opens, while the valve of the color change unit 11 which controls the admission of rinse aid closes and the compressed air intake valve opens.
  • the compressed air drives the rinse aid through the pump 50, the flow sensor 30, the guard line 112, the reservoir section 41, the controlled valve 27 open, and the isolation conduit 28, in the manifold. purge 26; an additional compressed air flush evaporates the remaining rinse aid and dries all the elements of the circuit.
  • the valve corresponding to the coating product intended for the incoming painting object opens.
  • Pump 50 delivers the coating product to the distribution circuit, through the flow sensor 30.
  • this unit is controlled to interrupt the supply of coating product and to replace it with rinsing product which pushes, under the impulse of the pump 50, the coating product towards the downstream end of the distribution circuit 12.
  • the valve 27 closes.
  • the needle 14 of the projector 13 opens, and the projection begins with the establishment of the high voltage 13 a .
  • the coating product is conductive, the guard line 112 filled with insulating flushing liquid, and the dry insulation conduit 28 form an isolation break towards the ground, while the reservoir section, over the length occupied by the coating product, is substantially at the potential of high voltage 13 a .
  • the pump 50 delivers rinse aid into the distribution circuit, and the interface X progresses from upstream to downstream of the tank section, thereby ensuring that the tank section is rinsed.
  • the isolation break provided by the guard line 112 is reinforced by the formation of a column of rinsing product in the reservoir section 41, upstream of the interface X.
  • the automatic control system ends the projection.
  • the installation represented in FIG. 6 differs from that in FIG. 5 in that, between the guard line 112 and the reservoir section 41, a controlled connection circuit is inserted, isolated from the earth (from the ground) and composed of a line 100 on which the guard line 112 and the tank section 41 are stuck and three controlled valves arranged on the line 100, namely a valve 121 between the tappings of the guard line 112 and the tank section 41, a valve 125 between the connection of the guard pipe 112 and a first pipe end extended by an isolation pipe 129 opening into a drain manifold 122, and a valve 145 between the connection of the reservoir section 41 and the second end of the line 100, connected to a rinsing circuit or cleaning unit 135 through an insulation conduit 128.
  • the complementary set of valves 121 and 145 switches the inlet of the section Less tank between the guard line 112 and the cleaning unit 135, while the opening of the valve 125 diverts the guard line 112 towards the purge manifold 122.
  • the rinse aid supplied by the cleaning unit 135 can be chosen to be more effective or less costly than the insulating rinse aid used to push the coating product, this rinse aid supplied by the cleaning unit 135 not being enslaved to be insulating.
  • the flow sensor 30 is supplied by a connection circuit controlled by three valves 21, 25 and 45, connected to a unit for changing the coating product 11 and to a cleaning unit 35.
  • the rinse aid supplied by the cleaning unit 35 is insulating, and pushes the coating product in the distribution circuit. It is thus possible to rinse the coating product changing unit 11 while the cleaning unit 35 ensures the coating product progression during the spraying phase.
  • the installation shown in FIG. 9 comprises, in parallel, two distribution circuits 12 a and 12 b similar to the distribution circuit 12 in FIG. 6, between a coating product change unit 11 followed by a pump 50 and a flow sensor 30, and a projector 13 (or a group of projectors) with its high voltage source 13 a .
  • the two distribution circuits 12 a and 12 b operate alternately, one circuit being in the projection phase while the other is in the cleaning phase.
  • valves 185 a and 185 b are controlled at the same time as the valves 165 b and 165 a so that when a distribution circuit 12 a or 12 b is supplied from the coating product change unit 11, the other circuit 12 b or 12 a is connected to the cleaning circuit 168.
  • the cleaning circuit 168 is provided essentially for cleaning and drying the guard pipes 112 a and 112 b , while the cleaning and drying of the tank sections 41 a and 41 b are carried out from the cleaning units 135 a and 135 b respectively.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (29)

1. Elektrostatische Spritzanlage zum Aufbringen leitender Farben oder dergleichen Überzüge mit einer geerdeten Farbwechseleinheit (11), einer Spülmittelspeisung und mindestens einem der Farbwechseleinheit nachgeschalteten, wenigstens einen die Zerstäubung des Überzugsmaterials vornehmenden elektrostatischen Spritzkopf (13) speisenden, diesem Hochspannung (13a) zuführenden Verteilerstromkreis (12), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verteilerstormkreis (12) einen aus einem Leitungsabschnitt desselben bestehenden Zwischenbehälter (14) besitzt und gesteuerte Anschaltorgane vorgesehen sind, die von dem Spülmittel aus entsprechend der erforderlichen Spritzmenge Überzugsmaterial fördern.
2. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gesteuerten Anschaltorgane zwischen dem Leitungsabschnitt (41) einerseits und der Farbwechseleinheit (11) andererseits angeordnet sind und die gegenüber Erde isolierten Spülmittelspeiseorgane (4) das Überzugsmittel je nach der erforderlichen Spritzmenge das aus ihnen kommende Spülmittel drücken.
3. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spülmittelspeiseorgane einen gegenüber Erde elektrisch isolierten, das Spülmittel enthaltenden Behälter (44) besitzen.
4. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter (44) dicht ist und unter Druck steht und an eine Druckluftquelle (48) angeschlossen ist.
5. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, bei dem die Farbwechseleinheit (11) einen Spülmittelumlaufstromkreis (17) und einen Druckluftspeisekreis (18) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Farbwechseleinheit (11) an den den Zwischenbehälter (41) bildenden Leitungsabschnitt über eine erste Isolierleitung (20) enthaltend Isoliermittel angeschlossen ist.
6. Spritzanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Leitung des Verteilerstromkreises (12) vor dem den Zwischenbehälter (41) bildenden Leitungsabschnitt ein Mengenmeßfühler (30) eingeschaltet ist.
7. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spülmittelbehälter (44) auf einem hohen Druck gehalten ist und ein Druckregler (29) in an sich bekannter Weise in dem Verteilerstromkreis (12) neben dem elektrostatischen Spritzkopf (13) liegt.
8. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spülmittelbehälter (44) auf einem niederen Druck gehalten ist und daß eine Pumpe (50), vorzugsweise eine Zahnradpumpe, in dem Verteilerstromkreis (12) hinter dem den Zwischenbehälter (41) bildenden Leitungsabschnitt vorgesehen ist.
9. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei Verteilerstromkreise (12a, 12b) vorgesehen sind, von denen jeder einen Zwischenbehälter (41a, 41b) bildenden Leitungsabschnitt enthält und steuerbare Anschaltorgane vorgesehen sind, die wechselseitig jeden der Zwischenbehälter bildenden Leitungsabschnitte an eine jeweilige Farbwechseleinheit (11) und Spülmittelspeiseorgane anschalten.
10. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Verteilerstromkreis (12a, 12b) ein Dreiwegeventil (66a, 66b) mit zwei Eingängen enthält, von denen einer an das Spülmittelanschlußorgan (40) und der andere an die Farbwechseleinheit (11) und sein Ausgang an den einen Zwischenbehälter bildenden Leitungsabschnitt (41a, 41b) angeschlossen ist.
11. Spritzanalge nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Verteilerstromkreis (12) Isoliermittel enthält, die eine erste, zwischen einem Eingang des Dreiwegeventils (66a, 66b) und der Farbwechseleinheit (11) geschaltete Isolierleitung (20a, 20b) und eine zweite, zwischen dem anderen Eingang des Dreiwegeventils und der geerdeten Spülmittelorgane geschaltete Leitung (70a, 70b) enthält.
12. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 11, bei der der oder die Spritzköpfe (13) wechselweise über die beiden Verteilerstromkreise gespeist werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isoliermittel jedes Verteilerstromkreises (12) eine dritte Isolierleitung (82a, 82b) enthalten, die hinter dem einen Zwischenbehälter bildenden Leitungsabschnitt eingefügt sind.
13. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein erster Mengenmeßfühler (60) zwischen die Spülmittelspeiseorgane und die Verteilerstromkreise und ein zweiter Mengenmeßfühler (61) zwischen die Farbwechseleinheit (11) und die Verteilerstromkreise (12) eingesetzt ist.
14. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, bei dem die Spülmittelspeiseorgane einen isolierten, dichten und unter Druck stehenden Behälter (44) enthalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spülmittelbehälter auf einem hohen Druck gehalten und ein an sich bekannter Druckregler (29) in Nahe des oder der Spritzköpfe (13) vorgesehen ist.
15. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, bei dem die Spülmittelspeiseorgane einen isolierten, dichten und unter Druck stehenden Behälter (44) besitzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spülmittelbehälter auf einem niedrigen Druck gehalten und eine Pumpe (90) vorzugsweise eine Zahnradpumpe zwischen dem isolierten Behälter (44) und den beiden Verteilerstromkreisen (12a, 12b) eingesetzt ist.
16. Spritzanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit mindestens einer Isolierleitung (220, 224, 228, 237, 249), die an einen an Hochspannung anschließbaren Verteilerstromkreis (212) angeschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel (218, 225, 236, 248) vorgesehen sind, die in die Isolierleitung während mindestens eines Teils der Zeit, in der Hochspannung an den Verteilerstromkreis angelegt ist, Luft einblasen.
17. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Teil der Isolierleitung (220, 224, 237, 249) serpentinenförmig ausgebildet ist.
18. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, mit mindestens eine. an einen an Hochspannung anschaltbaren Verteilerstromkreis (212) verbundene Isolierleitung (220, 224, 237, 228, 249) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein Teil der Isolierleitung serpentinenförmig ausgebildet ist.
19. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der serpentinenförmige Teil etwa waagerecht gerichtet ist.
20. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolierleitung eine Isolierleitung (220) des Verteilerstromkreises (212) ist.
21. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Isolierleitung (249) zwischen einem von Erde elektrisch isolierten Spülmittelbehälter (244) und diesen Behälter füllenden Organen vorgesehen ist.
22. Spritzanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Isolierleitung (237) in einer Reinigungseinrichtung (226) vorgesehen ist.
23. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 1, zum Aufbringen der Überzuge auf elektrostatischem Wege mit einer geerdeten Farbwechseleinheit (11) und einem an einer mindestens an einen elektrotstatischen Spritzkopf (13) angelegte Hochspannung (13a) angeschlossenen Verteilerstromkreis (12), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spülmittel hohen Widerstand besitzt und ein geerdeter Mengenfühler (30) dem Verteilerstromkreis (12) nachgeschaltet und ein Überwachungskanal (112) zwischen Mengenfühler (30) und dem Leitungsabschnitt (41) mit einer solchen Länge und Querschnitt eingesetzt ist, daß bei Füllung mit dem Spülmittel hohen Widerstandes zu dem geerdeten Mengenfühler (30) hin nur ein minimaler Anteil des von dem Spritzkopf (13) verbrauchten Stroms abgeleitet wird.
24. Spritzanlage nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Pumpe (50), vorzugsweise eine Zahnradpumpe, unmittelbar dem Mengenfühler (30) vorgeschaltet ist.
25. Anlage nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spülmittel unter hohem Druck steht und ein spülbarer Druckregler (29) an sich bekannter Bauweise zwischen dem Leitungsabschnitt (41) und dem Spritzkopf (13) vorgesehen ist.
26. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Reinigungskreis im Nebenschluß zu dem Verteilerstromkreis (12) unmittelbar dem Spritzkopf (13) vorgeschaltet ist und in Nähe des Verteilerstromkreises (12) ein gesteuertes Ventil (27) sowie eine elektrisch isolierte, in einen geerdeten Reinigungsmittelsammler (26) mündende Leitung (28) umfaßt.
27. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein isolierter gesteuerter Anschlußstromkreis (100) zwischen der Überwachungsleitung (112) und dem Leitungsabschnitt (41) angeordnet und geeignet ist, diesen Leitungsabschnitt (41) zwischen dem Überwachungskanal (112) und einem Spülkreis (135) umzuschalten und die Überwachungsleitung (112) auf einen Reinigungssammler (122) abzuzweigen, wobei die Isolierleitung (128, 129) zwischen dem gesteuerten Anschlußstromkreis und dem Spülkreis (135) bzw. dem Reinigungssammler (122) angeordnet ist.
28. Anlage nach Anspruch 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gesteuerte Anschlußstromkreis zwischen den Isolierleitungen eine Leitung (100) besitzt, in die die Überwachungsleitung (112) und der Leitungsabschnitt (41) einmünden und in der Leitung (100) zwischen der Überwachungsleitung (112) und dem Leitungsabschnitt (41) bzw. der Überwachungsleitung (112) und dem Reinigungsmittelsammler (122) bzw. dem Leitungsabschnitt (41) und dem Spülkreis (135) drei Ventile (121, 125, 145) vorgesehen sind.
29. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zwei Verteilerstromkreise (12a, 12b) mit jeweils einem Leitungsabschnitt (41a, 41b) und einer Überwachungsleitung (112a, 112b) besitzt und gesteuerte Anschlußmittel (165a, 165b; 185a, 185b) vorgesehen sind, mit denen wechselweise die Verteilerstromkreise (12a, 12b) an eine Farbwechseleinheit (11) über einen geerdeten Mengenfühler (30) bzw. an einen ebenfalls geerdeten Spülmittelstromkreis (168) angeschlossen wird.
EP88402081A 1987-08-14 1988-08-10 Farbspritzanlage für Beschichtungsprodukte, zum Beispiel für wasserlösliche Farbe Expired - Lifetime EP0303541B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8711577 1987-08-14
FR8711577A FR2619322B1 (fr) 1987-08-14 1987-08-14 Installation de projection de produit de revetement tel que par exemple une peinture hydrosoluble
FR878713855A FR2621500B2 (fr) 1987-08-14 1987-10-07 Installation de projection de produit de revetement tel que par exemple une peinture hydrosoluble
FR8713855 1987-10-07
FR8808944 1988-07-01
FR888808944A FR2633532B2 (fr) 1987-08-14 1988-07-01 Installation de projection de produit de revetement tel que par exemple une peinture hydrosoluble

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EP0303541A1 EP0303541A1 (de) 1989-02-15
EP0303541B1 true EP0303541B1 (de) 1991-10-09

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US (1) US4962724A (de)
EP (1) EP0303541B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6467275A (de)
KR (1) KR890003449A (de)
DE (1) DE3865392D1 (de)

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EP0317155A3 (de) * 1987-11-18 1990-03-28 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Farbwechselsystem
FR2637201A1 (fr) * 1988-09-30 1990-04-06 Binks Mfg Co Systeme et procede pour alimenter un appareil de revetement electrostatique a haute tension en matieres de revetement electriquement conductrices choisies
EP0435005A2 (de) * 1989-12-27 1991-07-03 Trinity Industrial Corporation Elektrostatische Beschichtungsvorrichtung für leitfähige Farbe
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US4962724A (en) 1990-10-16
JPS6467275A (en) 1989-03-13
EP0303541A1 (de) 1989-02-15
KR890003449A (ko) 1989-04-14
DE3865392D1 (de) 1991-11-14

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