EP0302851B1 - Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0302851B1 EP0302851B1 EP88890183A EP88890183A EP0302851B1 EP 0302851 B1 EP0302851 B1 EP 0302851B1 EP 88890183 A EP88890183 A EP 88890183A EP 88890183 A EP88890183 A EP 88890183A EP 0302851 B1 EP0302851 B1 EP 0302851B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- pump
- piston
- crankcase
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
- F02B33/04—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with simple crankcase pumps, i.e. with the rear face of a non-stepped working piston acting as sole pumping member in co-operation with the crankcase
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
- F02B33/28—Component parts, details or accessories of crankcase pumps, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, subgroups F02B33/02 - F02B33/26
- F02B33/30—Control of inlet or outlet ports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine, in which the piston sucks fresh gas through a controlled opening on its underside on its way to top dead center and precompresses this gas on its return movement and supplies the cylinder of the internal combustion engine via a connecting line and a further controlled opening and at which is provided in the crankcase, which is essentially circular in cross section, with a connecting rod which, including a large bearing eye, has constant dimensions in the direction of the crankshaft axis, and seals with its parallel end faces on flat counter-surfaces in the crankcase and forms two separate spaces there, which one by means of control elements Form the connecting rod pump.
- a two-stroke internal combustion engine of this type is described in DE-PS 710 288, in which the entire crankcase is connected to the intake openings when being sucked in by the crankcase pump, but when the pump charge is compressed, the crankcase is compressed by the connecting rod which also serves as the delivery piston in addition to the working piston is divided into two rooms. Of these rooms, only the space in the direction of rotation in front of the connecting rod serves to compress the load, the separation of the two spaces being carried out by tightly guiding the connecting rod on its side faces and its crank rod on the flat and circular inner surfaces of the crank arms.
- a side extension is attached to it, with its side parts and its outer end on the inner walls of a bulge arranged at the transition from the cylinder to the crankcase and with a contour corresponding to the movement of the extension.
- crankcase pump for a two-stroke internal combustion engine
- its low efficiency as a result of the large damaged spaces has only been increased slightly, and this with a relatively large structural size Expenditure.
- Piston and connecting rod pumps are connected via the crankcase space as a common suction and pressure chamber, so that the application is limited to two-stroke engines.
- US Pat. No. 3,973,532 describes a four-stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, the piston of which draws air or fuel-air mixture into the crankcase on the way to its top dead center and, on its return movement in the crankcase, conveys pre-compressed air to the intake members of the internal combustion engine.
- a poor pre-compression efficiency of the engine piston is particularly disadvantageous due to the large damage space formed by the crankcase.
- DE-OS 36 37 811 it is known from DE-OS 36 37 811 to arrange an additional auxiliary piston which can be driven by the crankshaft in the opposite direction to the working piston. On the one hand, this results in high friction losses and overall poor mechanical efficiency.
- the installation space dimensions increase in any case and there is a considerable additional effort.
- the invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and also to create a versatile crankcase pump.
- the invention is that a ring slide is rotatably mounted in the crankcase, which passes through the connecting rod with little play, so that the working space of a piston pump is formed by the piston, the liner and the ring slide, each having a valve-controlled intake and exhaust channel, and that the connecting rod seals over gaps on the one hand with the crank web and on the other hand with the end cover of the crankcase and thus form a suction and a pressure chamber of a separate connecting rod pump in the ring slide valve, each with a recess in the end cover of the crankcase, which is approximately mirror image of the one in the lower one Connecting rod standing dead center are arranged, each with subsequent, controlled inlet and outlet channels in connection.
- the damage volume of the piston pump is very small and Pressure increases in this pump are therefore correspondingly large.
- the connecting rod divides the chamber enclosed by the ring slide into two continuously changing volumes, a suction and a pressure chamber.
- the flow rate can be varied while changing the stroke by changing the connecting rod width and thus adapted to different tasks.
- the small damage space created by this arrangement increases the pre-compression efficiency considerably.
- the air volume conveyed is used for purging a two-stroke engine and a four-stroke engine as pre-compressed charge air.
- This invention thus provides a possibility of charging without an external flushing or charging blower for two- and four-stroke diesel or gasoline engines as well as for internal combustion engines that use other fuels e.g. Gas, are operated.
- fuels e.g. Gas
- a simple embodiment according to the invention results from the fact that the passage opening for the connecting rod in the ring slide is constant and the widths of the connecting rod are dimensioned along their length such that the play of the connecting rod with respect to the passage opening is approximately constant at all angular positions of the connecting rod.
- the connecting rod pump draws in and compresses air and, together with the piston pump, conveys it into a collecting pipe arranged on the suction side.
- the connecting rod pump can advantageously serve as an independent pump for conveying foreign gases and the piston pump for supercharging the engine.
- Frictional losses can be kept low by dynamically sealing gaps.
- the two-stroke internal combustion engine consists of the crankcase 1 with a cast liner 2, the crankshaft 3, the piston 4 and the connecting rod 5.
- the crankshaft 3 is mounted in the crankcase 1 by means of the roller bearing 6 and has a stepped crank web 7, which with its peripheral surface until it just touches the crankcase 1 or the liner 2 and carries the crank pin 8.
- This crank pin 8 is encompassed by the large bearing eye 9 of the connecting rod 5, the length of the crank pin being equal to the continuously identical dimension of the connecting rod 5 in the direction of the crankshaft axis 3 ⁇ .
- the connecting rod 5, which is drive-connected to the piston 4 via the piston pin 10, has two parallel end faces 5 ⁇ and 5 ′′, of which the end face 5 ⁇ seals with the crank web 7 and the end face 5 ′′ with the end cover 11 of the crankcase 1.
- a ring slide 12 is rotatably supported by means of needles 13.
- needles 13 instead of the needle bearing, grooves running in the direction of the crankshaft axis can also be provided on one of the sliding surfaces. It is also conceivable to replace the ring slide with a knife gate valve.
- the connecting rod 5 passes through the ring slide 12, which is centered on the shoulder 7 ⁇ of the crank arm 7 with the aid of the shoulder 12 ⁇ , in a slot 12 ′′, which is determined by the two rounded end edges 14 and 15 of the ring slide 12, with little play this game remains the same in all positions of the connecting rod, the contour of the connecting rod 5 is adapted accordingly, as FIGS. 3 to 6 clearly show.
- the connecting rod 5 divides the space enclosed by the ring slide 12 into the suction chamber A and the pressure chamber B, each of which has a kidney-shaped recess 16 and 17 stand in the end cover 11 with the inlet channel 18 or the outlet channel.
- the inlet channel 18 is controlled by the membranes 20, which prevent backflow.
- Corresponding membranes are provided in the outlet channel 19, not shown.
- the piston pump As a result of the closure of its working space relative to the crankcase by the ring slide 12, the piston pump has only a very small clearance, as is readily apparent from FIG. 1.
- This piston pump sucks in air via the suction channel 21, which is controlled by the membrane 22, and conveys the compressed air through the outlet channel 23, which is controlled by membranes 24.
- the compressed air flows through the inlet slots 25 in the liner 2 into the cylinder space 26, as indicated by the dashed line 27.
- the burned gases flow out through the outlet slot 28, as indicated by the broken line 29.
- the air flowing into the connecting rod pump is illustrated by the broken line 30 and the flowing air is shown by the broken line 31.
- a manifold 32 can expediently be provided, into which both the connecting rod pump and the piston pump deliver.
- Areas of application of the internal combustion engine according to the invention are both petrol and diesel engines and gas engines in two and four stroke construction, in particular small engines for use e.g. for chainsaws, portable generators and pumps, moped engines and motors for motorcycles and aircraft propulsion e.g. Gliders.
- the design according to the invention can also be used for larger and larger engines, both in the single-cylinder and in the multi-cylinder design, with a corresponding structural design of the crankcase space.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, bei welcher der Kolben an seiner Unterseite auf seinem Weg zum oberen Totpunkt über eine gesteuerte Öffnung Frischgas ansaugt und bei seiner Rückbewegung dieses Gas vorverdichtet und über eine Verbindungsleitung und eine weitere gesteuerte Öffnung dem Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine zuführt und bei welcher in dem im wesentlichen einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Kurbelgehäuse eine Pleuelstange vorgesehen ist, welche einschließlich einem großen Lagerauge gleichbleibende Abmessungen in Richtung der Kurbelwellenachse aufweist, und mit ihren parallelen Stirnflächen an planen Gegenflächen im Kurbelgehäuse abdichtet und dort zwei abgetrennte Räume bildet, welche mittels Steuerorganen eine Pleuelpumpe bilden.The invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine, in which the piston sucks fresh gas through a controlled opening on its underside on its way to top dead center and precompresses this gas on its return movement and supplies the cylinder of the internal combustion engine via a connecting line and a further controlled opening and at which is provided in the crankcase, which is essentially circular in cross section, with a connecting rod which, including a large bearing eye, has constant dimensions in the direction of the crankshaft axis, and seals with its parallel end faces on flat counter-surfaces in the crankcase and forms two separate spaces there, which one by means of control elements Form the connecting rod pump.
Eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine dieser Art ist in der DE-PS 710 288 beschrieben, bei der beim Ansaugen durch die Kurbelgehäusepumpe das gesamte Kurbelgehäuse mit den Ansaugöffnungen in Verbindung steht, beim Verdichten der Pumpenladung das Kurbelgehäuse jedoch durch die außer dem Arbeitskolben ebenfalls als Förderkolben dienende Pleuelstange in zwei Räume geteilt ist. Von diesen Räumen dient nur der in Drehrichtung vor der Pleuelstange dienende Raum zur Verdichtung der Ladung, wobei die Trennung der beiden Räume durch dichte Führung der Pleuelstange an ihren Seitenflächen und ihrer Kurbelstange an den planen und kreisrunden Innenflächen der Kurbelwangen erfolgt. Zur Abdichtung des kolbenseitigen Endes der Pleuelstange ist an dieser ein seitlicher Ansatz angebracht, der mit seinen Seitenteilen und seinem äußeren Ende an den Innenwänden einer am Übergang des Zylinders zum Kurbelgehäuse angeordneten Ausbuchtung mit einer der Bewegung des Ansatzes entsprechenden Kontur dicht geführt ist.A two-stroke internal combustion engine of this type is described in DE-PS 710 288, in which the entire crankcase is connected to the intake openings when being sucked in by the crankcase pump, but when the pump charge is compressed, the crankcase is compressed by the connecting rod which also serves as the delivery piston in addition to the working piston is divided into two rooms. Of these rooms, only the space in the direction of rotation in front of the connecting rod serves to compress the load, the separation of the two spaces being carried out by tightly guiding the connecting rod on its side faces and its crank rod on the flat and circular inner surfaces of the crank arms. To seal the piston-side end of the connecting rod, a side extension is attached to it, with its side parts and its outer end on the inner walls of a bulge arranged at the transition from the cylinder to the crankcase and with a contour corresponding to the movement of the extension.
Mit dieser Ausführung der Kurbelgehäusepumpe für eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine ist deren an sich geringer Wirkungsgrad infolge der großen Schadräume nur geringfügig erhöht worden, und dies mit einem verhältnismäßig großem baulichen Aufwand. Kolben- und Pleuelpumpe sind dabei über den Kurbelgehäuseraum als gemeinsamen Ansaug- und Druckraum verbunden, sodaß die Anwendungsmöglichkeit auf Zweitaktmaschinen beschränkt ist.With this version of the crankcase pump for a two-stroke internal combustion engine, its low efficiency as a result of the large damaged spaces has only been increased slightly, and this with a relatively large structural size Expenditure. Piston and connecting rod pumps are connected via the crankcase space as a common suction and pressure chamber, so that the application is limited to two-stroke engines.
In der US-PS 3 973 532 ist eine Viertakt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine beschrieben, deren Kolben auf dem Weg zu seinem oberen Totpunkt Luft oder Kraftstoff-Luftgemisch in das Kurbelgehäuse einsaugt und bei seiner Rückbewegung im Kurbelgehäuse vorverdichtete Luft zu den Ansaugorganen der Brennkraftmaschine fördert. Hiebei ist ein schlechter Vorverdichtungwsirkungsgrad des Motorkolbens durch den großen vom Kurbelgehäuse gebildeten Schadraum von besonderem Nachteil. Zur Erzielung hoher Luftfördermengen, z.B. für Dieselmotoren, ist es aus der DE-OS 36 37 811 bekannt, einen zusätzlichen von der Kurbelwelle gegenläufig zum Arbeitskolben antreibbaren Hilfskolben anzuordnen. Dieser ergibt einerseits hohe Reibverluste und insgesamt einen schlechten mechanischen Wirkungsgrad. Weiters steigt in jedem Falle die Bauraumabmessung und es ergibt sich ein beträchtlicher Mehraufwand.US Pat. No. 3,973,532 describes a four-stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, the piston of which draws air or fuel-air mixture into the crankcase on the way to its top dead center and, on its return movement in the crankcase, conveys pre-compressed air to the intake members of the internal combustion engine. A poor pre-compression efficiency of the engine piston is particularly disadvantageous due to the large damage space formed by the crankcase. To achieve high air flow rates, e.g. for diesel engines, it is known from DE-OS 36 37 811 to arrange an additional auxiliary piston which can be driven by the crankshaft in the opposite direction to the working piston. On the one hand, this results in high friction losses and overall poor mechanical efficiency. Furthermore, the installation space dimensions increase in any case and there is a considerable additional effort.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und außerdem eine vielseitig einsetzbare Kurbelgehäusepumpe zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and also to create a versatile crankcase pump.
Die Erfindung besteht darin, daß im Kurbelgehäuse ein Ringschieber verdrehbar gelagert ist, den die Pleuelstange mit geringem Spiel durchsetzt, sodaß durch den Kolben, die Laufbüchse und den Ringschieber der Arbeitsraum einer Kolbenpumpe gebildet ist, welcher je einen ventilgesteuerten Ansaug- und Auslaßkanal aufweist, und daß die Pleuelstange über Spalte einerseits mit der Kurbelwange und andererseits mit dem Abschlußdeckel des Kurbelgehäuses dichtet und so im Ringschieber eine Ansaug- und eine Druckkammer einer separierten Pleuelpumpe bilden, die über je eine Ausnehmung im Abschlußdeckel des Kurbelgehäuses, welche etwa spiegelbildlich zu der in der unteren Totpunktlage stehenden Pleuelstange angeordnet sind, mit je anschließenden, gesteuerten Einlaß- und Auslaßkanälen in Verbindung stehen.The invention is that a ring slide is rotatably mounted in the crankcase, which passes through the connecting rod with little play, so that the working space of a piston pump is formed by the piston, the liner and the ring slide, each having a valve-controlled intake and exhaust channel, and that the connecting rod seals over gaps on the one hand with the crank web and on the other hand with the end cover of the crankcase and thus form a suction and a pressure chamber of a separate connecting rod pump in the ring slide valve, each with a recess in the end cover of the crankcase, which is approximately mirror image of the one in the lower one Connecting rod standing dead center are arranged, each with subsequent, controlled inlet and outlet channels in connection.
Das Schadvolumen der Kolbenpumpe ist dabei sehr klein und die Drucksteigerungen in dieser Pumpe sind daher entsprechend groß. Die Pleuelstange teilt die vom Ringschieber umschlossene Kammer in zwei sich kontinuierlich periodisch ändernde Volumina, eine Saug- und eine Druckkammer. Durch die Arbeitsweise mit der Pleuelstange als Verdrängerelement lassen sich, bedingt durch restloses Einsaugen und Ausschieben ohne nennenswerte Schadvolumina, hohe Drucksteigerungen erzielen. Die Fördermenge kann bei gleichbleibendem Hub durch Ändern der Pleuelstangenbreite variiert und so an verschiedene Aufgaben angepaßt werden. Der durch diese Anordnung entstehende kleine Schadraum erhöht den Vorverdichtungswirkungsgrad erheblich. Das dabei geförderte Luftvolumen dient einem Zweitaktmotor zur Spülung, einem Viertaktmotor als vorverdichtete Ladeluft.The damage volume of the piston pump is very small and Pressure increases in this pump are therefore correspondingly large. The connecting rod divides the chamber enclosed by the ring slide into two continuously changing volumes, a suction and a pressure chamber. By working with the connecting rod as a displacement element, high pressure increases can be achieved due to complete sucking in and pushing out without significant damage volumes. The flow rate can be varied while changing the stroke by changing the connecting rod width and thus adapted to different tasks. The small damage space created by this arrangement increases the pre-compression efficiency considerably. The air volume conveyed is used for purging a two-stroke engine and a four-stroke engine as pre-compressed charge air.
Diese Erfindung stellt somit eine Auflademöglichkeit ohne externes Spül- oder Ladegebläse für Zwei- und Viertakt-Diesel-oder Ottomotoren sowie für Brennkraftmaschinen, die mit anderen Treibstoffen z.B. Gas, betrieben werden, dar. Trotz des hohen Gewinns an Förderleistung des Motorkolbens tritt praktisch keine Vergrößerung des Bauvolumens gegenüber Brennkraftmaschinen mit konventioneller Kurbelkastenspülung ein.This invention thus provides a possibility of charging without an external flushing or charging blower for two- and four-stroke diesel or gasoline engines as well as for internal combustion engines that use other fuels e.g. Gas, are operated. Despite the high gain in delivery capacity of the engine piston, there is practically no increase in the volume compared to internal combustion engines with conventional crankcase purging.
Eine einfache Ausführung gemäß der Erfindung ergibt sich dadurch, daß die Durchtrittsöffnung für die Pleuelstange im Ringschieber gleichbleibend ist und die Breiten der Pleuelstange über deren Länge so bemessen sind, daß das Spiel der Pleuelstange gegenüber der Durchtrittsöffnung bei allen Winkellagen der Pleuelstange etwa konstant ist.A simple embodiment according to the invention results from the fact that the passage opening for the connecting rod in the ring slide is constant and the widths of the connecting rod are dimensioned along their length such that the play of the connecting rod with respect to the passage opening is approximately constant at all angular positions of the connecting rod.
Erfindungsgemäß kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Pleuelpumpe Luft ansaugt und verdichtet und gemeinsam mit der Kolbenpumpe in ein saugseitig angeordnetes Sammelrohr fördert. Für gewisse Anwendungsfälle kann die Pleuelpumpe vorteilhaft als eigenständige Pumpe zur Förderung von Fremdgasen und die Kolbenpumpe der Motoraufladung dienen.According to the invention, it can be provided that the connecting rod pump draws in and compresses air and, together with the piston pump, conveys it into a collecting pipe arranged on the suction side. For certain applications, the connecting rod pump can advantageously serve as an independent pump for conveying foreign gases and the piston pump for supercharging the engine.
Durch dynamisch dichtende Spalte können Reibverluste gering gehalten werden.Frictional losses can be kept low by dynamically sealing gaps.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine im Schnitt nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 2 und
- Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1, die
- Fig. 3 bis 6 schematische Darstellungen derselben Maschine zur Erläuterung deren Wirkungsweise.
- Fig. 1 shows an internal combustion engine according to the invention in section along the line II in Fig. 2 and
- Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, the
- 3 to 6 are schematic representations of the same machine to explain its operation.
Die Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine besteht aus dem Kurbelgehäuse 1 mit eingegossener Laufbüchse 2, der Kurbelwelle 3, dem Kolben 4 und der Pleuelstange 5. Die Kurbelwelle 3 ist im Kurbelgehäuse 1 mittels des Wälzlagers 6 gelagert und weist eine abgestufte Kurbelwange 7 auf, welche mit ihrer Umfangsfläche bis knapp an das Kurbelgehäuse 1 bzw. die Laufbüchse 2 heranreicht und den Kurbelzapfen 8 trägt. Dieser Kurbelzapfen 8 wird vom großen Lagerauge 9 der Pleuelstange 5 umfaßt, wobei die Länge des Kurbelzapfens gleich der durchgehend gleichen Abmessung der Pleuelstange 5 in Richtung der Kurbelwellenachse 3ʹ ist. Die Pleuelstange 5, die mit dem Kolben 4 über den Kolbenbolzen 10 antriebsverbunden ist, weist zwei parallele Stirnflächen 5ʹ und 5" auf, von welchen die Stirnfläche 5ʹ mit der Kurbelwange 7 und die Stirnfläche 5" mit dem Abschlußdeckel 11 des Kurbelgehäuses 1 dichtet.The two-stroke internal combustion engine consists of the crankcase 1 with a
Im unteren Teil des Kurbelgehäuses ist ein Ringschieber 12 mittels Nadeln 13 drehbar gelagert. Anstelle der Nadellagerung können auch in Richtung der Kurbelwellenachse verlaufende Nuten an einer der Gleitflächen vorgesehen sein. Es ist auch denkbar, den Ringschieber durch einen Plattenschieber zu ersetzen.In the lower part of the crankcase, a
Die Pleuelstange 5 durchsetzt den Ringschieber 12, der an dem Absatz 7ʹ der Kurbelwange 7 mit Hilfe des Ansatzes 12ʹ zentriert ist, in einem Schlitz 12", welcher durch die beiden abgerundeten Endkanten 14 und 15 des Ringschiebers 12 bestimmt ist, mit geringem Spiel. Damit dieses Spiel bei allen Stellungen der Pleuelstange gleich bleibt, ist die Kontur der Pleuelstange 5 entsprechend angepaßt, wie die Fig. 3 bis 6 anschaulich zeigen.The connecting
Die Pleuelstange 5 unterteilt den durch den Ringschieber 12 umschlossenen Raum in die Ansaugkammer A und die Druckkammer B, welche je über eine nierenförmige Ausnehmung 16 bzw. 17 im Abschlußdeckel 11 mit dem Einlaßkanal 18 bzw. dem Auslaßkanal in Verbindung stehen. Der Einlaßkanal 18 wird durch die Membranen 20 gesteuert, welche ein Rückströmen verhindern. Entsprechende Membranen sind beim nicht näher dargestellten Auslaßkanal 19 vorgesehen.The connecting
In den Fig. 3 bis 6 ist die Wirkungsweise der Pleuelpumpe veranschaulicht. Von der neutralen Stellung gemäß Fig. 3 ausgehend, bei welcher die Pleuelstange 5 sich in der oberen Totpunktlage befindet, wird nach Fig. 4 bereits das Fördermedium in die Ansaugkammer A eingesaugt und aus der Druckkammer B ausgeschoben. Fig. 5 zeigt die Stellung, bei welcher der Kolben bzw. die Pleuelstange 5 ihren unteren Totpunkt erreicht hat, wobei die Ansaugkammer A und die Druckkammer B gleich groß sind. In Fig. 6 ist das Ausschieben des Fördermediums nahezu vollständig und die Ansaugkammer A hat fast ihren Größtwert erreicht. Bei allen Stellungen der Pleuelstange 5 hat das Spiel zwischen Pleuelstange und den Endkanten 14 und 15 des Ringschiebers 12 zufolge der angepaßten Kontur der Pleuelstange den gewünschten gleichen kleinen Wert.3 to 6, the operation of the connecting rod pump is illustrated. Starting from the neutral position shown in FIG. 3, in which the connecting
Die Kolbenpumpe hat zufolge des Abschlusses ihres Arbeitsraumes gegenüber dem Kurbelgehäuse durch den Ringschieber 12 einen nur sehr geringen Schadraum, wie aus Fig. 1 ohne weiteres ersichtlich ist. Diese Kolbenpumpe saugt über den Ansaugkanal 21, welcher durch die Membrane 22 gesteuert wird, Luft an und fördert die verdichtete Luft durch den Auslaßkanal 23, welcher durch Membranen 24 gesteuert wird. Die verdichtete Luft strömt über die Einlaßschlitze 25 in der Laufbüchse 2 in den Zylinderraum 26 ein, wie durch die gestrichelte Linie 27 angedeutet ist. Gleichzeitig strömen die verbrannten Gase durch den Auslaßschlitz 28, wie durch die gestrichelte Linie 29 angedeutet, aus. Die in die Pleuelpumpe einströmende Luft ist durch die gestrichelte Linie 30 und die ausströmende Luft durch die gestrichelte Linie 31 veranschaulicht. Für den Fall, daß es sich um eine Mehrzylindermaschine handelt, kann zweckmäßig ein Sammelrohr 32 vorgesehen sein, in welches sowohl die Pleuelpumpe als auch die Kolbenpumpe fördert.As a result of the closure of its working space relative to the crankcase by the
Einsatzgebiete der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine sind sowohl Otto- als auch Dieselmotoren und Gasmotoren in Zwei-und Viertaktbauweise, insbesondere Kleinmotoren zur Verwendung z.B. bei Kettensägen, tragbaren Stromaggregaten und Pumpen, Mopedmotoren und Motoren für Motorräder und Flugzeugantrieb z.B. Segelflugzeuge. Aber auch für größere und große Motoren sowohl im Einzylinder- als auch im Mehrzylinderbauart bei entsprechender konstruktiver Gestaltung des Kurbelkastenraumes, ist die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung anwendbar.Areas of application of the internal combustion engine according to the invention are both petrol and diesel engines and gas engines in two and four stroke construction, in particular small engines for use e.g. for chainsaws, portable generators and pumps, moped engines and motors for motorcycles and aircraft propulsion e.g. Gliders. However, the design according to the invention can also be used for larger and larger engines, both in the single-cylinder and in the multi-cylinder design, with a corresponding structural design of the crankcase space.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0198687A AT399371B (en) | 1987-08-05 | 1987-08-05 | PISTON PISTON ENGINE |
AT1986/87 | 1987-08-05 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0302851A2 EP0302851A2 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
EP0302851A3 EP0302851A3 (en) | 1989-08-16 |
EP0302851B1 true EP0302851B1 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
Family
ID=3525374
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88890183A Expired - Lifetime EP0302851B1 (en) | 1987-08-05 | 1988-07-11 | Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4813387A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0302851B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6463618A (en) |
AT (1) | AT399371B (en) |
DE (1) | DE3861935D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0435730B1 (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1994-01-26 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Two-stroke engine with controlled pneumatic injection |
US5771849A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-06-30 | Hamy; Norbert | Internal combustion engine with crankcase pressure barrier |
JPH09217628A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-19 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Two cycle engine |
DE19707772A1 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-08-27 | Norbert Dipl Ing Hecke | Pinion (gear) for the mutual conversion of a linear movement into a rotary movement and its application mainly in reciprocating internal combustion engines or reciprocating engines (engines without crank drive) = rack-and-pinion piston engines (TSM) |
FR2810077A1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-14 | Michel Bretegnier | Two stroke internal combustion engine includes gas transfer from beneath one cylinder to above second cylinder, recovering excess pressure |
US20110146601A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-23 | Fisher Patrick T | Self-Aspirated Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine |
CN103953538A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-30 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Cross-shaped head mechanism structure of connecting rod of fracturing pump |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE516725C (en) * | 1928-09-05 | 1931-01-26 | Franz Lohe | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with a crankcase blower |
US1795551A (en) * | 1929-11-26 | 1931-03-10 | Geisse John Harlin | Internal-combustion engine |
US1977657A (en) * | 1931-01-14 | 1934-10-23 | Frank E Liveranee | Internal combustion engine |
DE710288C (en) * | 1938-06-28 | 1943-05-27 | Hans Figge | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with a crankcase pump |
US2215793A (en) * | 1938-11-29 | 1940-09-24 | Mayes Graham | Internal combustion engine |
US2445715A (en) * | 1946-11-12 | 1948-07-20 | Hoof Products Company | Crankcase compression, two-cycle engine |
US2564913A (en) * | 1950-05-04 | 1951-08-21 | Malcolm S Mead | Internal-combustion motor |
FR1061504A (en) * | 1952-02-23 | 1954-04-13 | Two-stroke internal combustion engine | |
DE954654C (en) * | 1954-05-12 | 1956-12-20 | Paul Schauer | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with controlled overflow channels |
AT198063B (en) * | 1955-08-24 | 1958-06-10 | Promotor Anstalt Fuer Motortec | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with a crankcase pump |
US2844131A (en) * | 1956-04-16 | 1958-07-22 | Beveridge John Herbert | Reciprocating piston machine |
US3003486A (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1961-10-10 | Robert O Werner | Rear compression two stroke cycle internal combustion engine with connecting rod actuated arcuate valve means |
GB1237211A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1971-06-30 | Richard Grant Parker | Improvements in crankcase pumps in two-stroke engines |
ZA732299B (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-03-27 | E Stenner | Improvements in or relating to rotary pumps or engines |
US3973532A (en) * | 1973-11-09 | 1976-08-10 | Harold Litz | Crankcase-scavenged four stroke engine |
GB2135385A (en) * | 1983-02-11 | 1984-08-30 | Anthony Willoughby Jackson | Reciprocating piston crankcase compression machine |
AT384080B (en) * | 1985-11-08 | 1987-09-25 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | FOUR-STROKE PISTON PISTON COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH PRE-COMPRESSION OF THE LOAD IN THE CRANKCASE |
DE3704635A1 (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1987-06-11 | Wollenhaupt Horst Dipl Ing Fh | Connecting rod blower with pre-scavenging for internal combustion engines |
-
1987
- 1987-08-05 AT AT0198687A patent/AT399371B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-07-11 DE DE8888890183T patent/DE3861935D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-11 EP EP88890183A patent/EP0302851B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-26 US US07/224,150 patent/US4813387A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-05 JP JP63197001A patent/JPS6463618A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0577847B2 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
AT399371B (en) | 1995-04-25 |
ATA198687A (en) | 1994-09-15 |
DE3861935D1 (en) | 1991-04-11 |
EP0302851A2 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
EP0302851A3 (en) | 1989-08-16 |
US4813387A (en) | 1989-03-21 |
JPS6463618A (en) | 1989-03-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0303649B1 (en) | Rocking-piston machine | |
DE4337670C2 (en) | Internal combustion engine | |
DE2308127C3 (en) | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with two or three compression chambers | |
DE2914489A1 (en) | TWO-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE | |
DE19602703A1 (en) | Twin=port, two=stroke, high=speed engine | |
EP0302851B1 (en) | Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine | |
DE3022901A1 (en) | Four stroke IC engine - has crankcase connected via non-return valve to fuel mixture supply and to precompression chamber | |
DE2543073A1 (en) | COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CHARGER | |
DE2909715C2 (en) | Swing-piston internal combustion engine | |
DE2835570C2 (en) | Drill and chisel hammer with combustion engine drive | |
EP1034356B1 (en) | Device for conveying a medium or propulsion through a medium | |
DE3637811A1 (en) | Four-stroke reciprocating piston internal combustion engine | |
DE855637C (en) | Mixture-compressing, slot-controlled two-stroke internal combustion engine | |
DE2639530A1 (en) | Two-stroke oscillating piston IC engine - has pistons rotating about common axis forming working chambers with valves | |
DE2223608C3 (en) | Multi-cylinder, valve-controlled four-stroke internal combustion engine with a stepped piston designed as a charge pump | |
DE2926391A1 (en) | Two stroke IC piston engine - has transfer ports and exhaust recess in piston arranged for improved scavenging | |
DE561411C (en) | U-cylinder two-stroke internal combustion engine with a crankcase charging pump and an auxiliary cylinder on the other side of the crankshaft | |
DE532581C (en) | Internal combustion engine that works in a two-stroke cycle and is slot-controlled | |
DE934855C (en) | Two-stroke engine with two coaxial cylinders | |
DE102004057354B4 (en) | internal combustion engine | |
EP0210976B1 (en) | Single cylinder internal-combustion engine with crankcase scavenging | |
DE19617207A1 (en) | Four-stroke engine | |
DE4311620A1 (en) | Two-stroke engine | |
DE259974C (en) | ||
DE939542C (en) | Two-stroke diesel engine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE |
|
ITCL | It: translation for ep claims filed |
Representative=s name: MODIANO & ASSOCIATI S.R.L. |
|
GBC | Gb: translation of claims filed (gb section 78(7)/1977) | ||
EL | Fr: translation of claims filed | ||
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
RHK1 | Main classification (correction) |
Ipc: F02B 33/30 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19890830 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19900803 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3861935 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19910411 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: MODIANO & ASSOCIATI S.R.L. |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19910729 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19910730 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19920711 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19920712 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19920711 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19930331 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 88890183.2 Effective date: 19930204 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19950718 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19970402 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050711 |